Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
  • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
  • A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
  • A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
  • A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
  • A61N1/372—Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
  • A61N1/37211—Means for communicating with stimulators
  • A61N1/37252—Details of algorithms or data aspects of communication system, e.g. handshaking, transmitting specific data or segmenting data
  • A61N1/37282—Details of algorithms or data aspects of communication system, e.g. handshaking, transmitting specific data or segmenting data characterised by communication with experts in remote locations using a network
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
  • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
  • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
  • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
  • G06F18/00—Pattern recognition
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04B—TRANSMISSION
  • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
  • H04B7/24—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
  • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
  • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
  • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
  • H04L27/32—Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
  • H04M11/00—Telephonic communication systems specially adapted for combination with other electrical systems
  • H04M11/04—Telephonic communication systems specially adapted for combination with other electrical systems with alarm systems, e.g. fire, police or burglar alarm systems
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
  • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
  • H04M1/72—Mobile telephones; Cordless telephones, i.e. devices for establishing wireless links to base stations without route selection
  • H04M1/724—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones
  • H04M1/72403—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality
  • H04M1/72418—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality for supporting emergency services
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
  • H04M2250/00—Details of telephonic subscriber devices
  • H04M2250/10—Details of telephonic subscriber devices including a GPS signal receiver
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
  • H04M2250/00—Details of telephonic subscriber devices
  • H04M2250/12—Details of telephonic subscriber devices including a sensor for measuring a physical value, e.g. temperature or motion
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W84/00—Network topologies
  • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
  • H04W84/04—Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W84/00—Network topologies
  • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
  • H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W84/00—Network topologies
  • H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks

Definitions

• Rx receive SDR Software Defined Radio (SDR)
• TR transceiver (transmitter-receiver) Tx transmit
• WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access W-CDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access Wi Fi Wireless Fidelity or related term used for systems such as IEEE 8O2.x_ standardized systems; See also Wi-Fi
• the field of the invention includes wired and wireless communication, broadcasting, entertainment, remote control, medical diagnostics, emergency and alarm, interactive touch screen, fingerprint controlled communication and control systems for single or multimode communications, broadcasting, teleinformatics and telemetry systems.
• the disclosed subject matter is for multiuse and or multipurpose applications, devices and systems, including systems for: position determination, location finding based services and applications, remote control, wireless, wired, cabled, internet, web based communication systems, communicator devices, radio frequency identification (RFID) systems with single or plurality of devices, emergency and other alarm systems, medical patient monitor-sensor devices, medical diagnostics devices, fingerprint identification, fingerprint control, interactive communication or control of communications and control systems, communications, broadcasting, teleinformatics and telemetry systems.
• RFID radio frequency identification
• Prior art references disclose position location, tracking and communication devices.
• Exemplary prior art includes: U.S. Pat. 6,865,395, U.S. Pat .6,889,135, U.S. Pat.
• wireless 911 or enhanced emergency E-911 wireless service that requires the location of a wireless terminal (e.g., a cellular phone) to be provided to a Public Safety
• PSAP Answering Point
• Position determining devices also designated as position determining entities(PDE) and position determining transmitters mean devices and transmitters which generate and transmit signals used by receivers and receive processors for location or position determination and/or location or position estimation have been also described in the prior art.
• PDE position determining entities
• position determining transmitters mean devices and transmitters which generate and transmit signals used by receivers and receive processors for location or position determination and/or location or position estimation have been also described in the prior art.
• Exemplary prior art single-chamber pacemaker and/or dual-chamber pacemaker and implantable cardiac stimulation devices are described in exemplary cited U.S. pat.
• Multiuse wireless communication applications having extended coverage, improved performance, seamless interoperability, high speed operation, enhanced capacity, multipurpose, multi functionality, multi-mode and multi -standard interoperability are highly desired.
• the current application discloses multiuse and or multipurpose applications, devices and systems, including systems for: position determination, location finding based services and applications, remote control, wireless, wired, cabled, internet, web based communication systems, communicator devices, radio frequency identification
• New systems and end user devices or units are being contemplated that provide for or include, respectively, high bandwidth short range networking capabilities, using WLAN technologies such as IEEE 8O2.x_ or Bluetooth. These links may allow mobile handsets to establish Internet attachments when they approach a network access point (NAP). These WLAN based systems may create an opportunity for these untethered devices to enjoy high bandwidth services, once reserved for fixed devices. However, the WLAN systems only provide short range coverage, are not widely deployed, or do not provide for user mobility and hence are not generally suitable of providing enhanced services for mobile users over a wide area.
• Wi-Fi Wireless Fidelity
• Wi-Fi Wireless Fidelity
• Wi-Fi 8O2.x_ standardized systems and are to be used generically when referring of any type of 802.11 network, whether IEEE 802.1 Ib, 802.1 Ia, 802.16, 802.20 dual-band, etc.
• Wi-Fi is also used as promulgated by the Wi-Fi Alliance and has also broader interpretations; alternative terms to Wi-Fi, such as UWB/W-USB, ZigBee, NFC and
• WiMax are also used and included in the embodiments of this invention.
• RC remote control
• the multiuse modulator-demodulator (modem) and or modulator and or demodulator implementations, disclosed in this application, have Intermediate Frequency (IF) and or Radio Frequency(RF) agile, that is IF adaptable and or RF adaptable embodiments.
• IF and or RF adaptable or IF and or RF agile systems the center frequency of the modulated signal(s) is selectable and or adaptable to the desired transmission frequency band.
• the RF transmitter -receiver (transceiver) embodiments are also RF agile implementations.
• Several features of the multiuse embodiments are optional and are not included in some implementation structures. Some of these include the optional Bit Rate Agile or Bit Rate Adaptable(BRA) structures and or RF agile implementations and or cross-correlated and or other structures and or features.
• modulators in certain embodiments to have BRA and or Code Selectable and or MFS and or MES implementations.
• Modulation is a requirement for one or more of the modulators, in certain embodiments to have BRA and or Code Selectable and or MFS and or MES implementations.
• MFS Modation Format Selectable(MFS), as used in this application is defined to mean that the modulation technique(modulation format) is adaptable, changeable(selectable) and also that the coding technique, if coding is used in the system is also adaptable, changeable(selectable) in certain embodiments.
• the same modulation format and same bit rate is used, however the modulation embodiment is different.
• a GMSK modulated system uses a Quadrature
• Modulation(QM) structure for low transmit power applications, while for a high transmit power application it uses a non-quadrature modulation(NQM), e.g. polar implementation structure.
• NQM non-quadrature modulation
• the same GMSK modulation format, having the same bit rate (or a different bit rate) is switched (or selected) to be transmitted instead in the QM embodiment in a NQM embodiment
• the disclosed subject matter is for multiuse and or multipurpose applications, devices and systems, including systems for: position determination, location based services and applications, location finding, tracking, single or multiple tracking, Remote Control (RC),
• RC Remote Control
• URC Universal Remote Control
• RFID radio frequency identification
• DNA DNA
• PTT push to talk
• the presented implementations and embodiments are for single and multiple devices in single and multiple mode systems and networks.
• Location finding, tracking and identification of devices including processing of certain measured parameters or diagnostics results (via sensors, such as motion detectors, body temperature, blood pressure or other devices) are communicated to devices and units which might be at central locations and or are peers of the monitored located device and are also mobile units, e.g. mobile telephones, mobile computers such as Personal Digital Assistants (PDA) or laptop computers , mobile entertainment or educational devices, or mobile navigational and interactive devices, or are units at fixed locations, e.g. wired telephones or computers.
• PDA Personal Digital Assistants
• Interactive location based and educational and or entertainment devices and systems for mobile wireless and or wired media or internet web media information transfer and telematics and telemetry are also included.
• images pictures and video and scanned or stored images and pictures three dimensional (3D) images are included in the communications units.
• Certain devices have incorporated touch screens for control or communication or interaction with the communication and or display devices.
• Multimode, multiuse system operation, multi-purpose diagnostics, patient monitoring, multi purpose systems including connections of multi mode devices to allow users communication and control with interoperable connected cellular Global Mobile System (GSM), Wireless-Fidelity(Wi-Fi) systems devices or phones to roam from wide area to local area wireless networks and vice versa, with location finder seamless operation and wired or internet web based monitoring signal processing implementations are presented.
• GSM Global Mobile System
• Wi-Fi Wireless-Fidelity
• This application includes multi operation and multi function of a plurality of embodiments of one or more of the following system components: single or multiple location finder, location tracker devices, position finder devices (note the terms “location finder”, “location tracker” and “position finder” have in several parts of this disclosure practically the same meaning ), Radio Frequency Identification Devices(RFID), connected with single or multiple Bit Rate Agile(BRA) , and single modulation or Modulation Format Selectable(MFS) satellite and/or land based devices.
• RFID Radio Frequency Identification Devices
• BRA Bit Rate Agile
• MFS Modulation or Modulation Format Selectable
• GPRS General Packet Radio Service
• EDGE Enhanced Digital GSM Evolution
• E-GSM Evolution of GSM
• CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
• WCDMA or W-CDMA Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access
• OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access
• TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
• IEEE 802. xx IEEE 802. xx
• DECT Digital European Cordless Telecommunication
• IR Infrared
• Wi-Fi Wireless Fidelity
• Bluetooth and other standardized as well as non-standardized systems.
• prior art wireless short range systems such as the standardized Bluetooth system provide connection to cell phone systems the prior art short range systems do not provide connection to selectable enhanced performance multi-standard, multi -mode, Modulation Format Selectable (MFS) and Bit Rate Selectable systems (also designated as Bit Rate
• Agile(BRA) systems and cascaded wireless, wired and Internet Protocol(IP) and embodiments, such as described and claimed in this invention.
• This application includes embodiments and architectures for more efficient implementation and of enhanced performance second generation (2G), third generation (3G), fourth generation (4G) and fifth generation (5G) and other new generations of wireless and broadcast, processing, storage, medical diagnostics-communications and control, interactive entertainment and educational and business systems with or without use of internet and/or multimedia systems.
• 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G have a broad generic meaning and are not limited to certain specific standards. These terms are interpreted, within the new inventions disclosed herein, as new generation and or enhanced performance or more efficient implementation of prior art systems.
• GSM switched to CDMA systems with short range wireless systems -one or multiple such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth or other.
• Motivation for reducing the number of cables include, the desire to eliminate the cumbersome cables connected to the patient, facilitate the surgery, and facilitate and speed up the patient recovery -enabling the patient to move, exercise and improve the quality of life of the patient during surgery, recovery and post recovery monitoring and shorten emergency time response including a remote physician, nurse or other authorized health provider -in a reverse link to control- administer certain medical —pharmaceutical items, e.g. insulin or other; also to eliminate or reduce cable caused potentially harmful currents to the patient.
• certain medical —pharmaceutical items e.g. insulin or other
• reverse link means the link (signal flow) from the physician, nurse or other authorized health provider to the patient or patients medical device;
• forward link refers to the link from the patients medical device, e.g. from the cardiac stimulation device to the physician, nurse or other authorized health provider or health monitoring system.
• the prior art pacemaker control requires magnet detection circuit for magnet controlled pacemaker parameters. Unfortunately this magnet dependent operation /change of parameters of pacemakers is in many cases causing difficulties and or even rendering impossible to have Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), and/or Magnetic Resonance Image scanning on a patient who has a pace maker.
• MRI Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• Wireless systems authentication with fingerprint and or other means is also disclosed.
• the terms “multiuse” and or “multipurpose” mean that one or more of the aforementioned applications, systems , system architectures and or embodiments or combinations of the aforementioned system components are used.
• Fig.l shows implementation structures for single and or multiple communications systems, including single and or multiple location or position finder systems, Radio
• Frequency Identification Devices RFID
• medical diagnostics emergency and remote control systems.
• Fig.2 is a structure of a multi mode location and multi-mode communication system, including wireless, wired (or cabled) and internet -web based connections with single or multiple communication links and or communication transceivers (TfK) and or communication and control units.
• TfK communication transceivers
• Fig.3 is a structure of a system having single or a plurality of selectable Position Determining Entity (PDE), Base Station Controller (BSC), Terminal (Subscriber Unit)
• PDE Position Determining Entity
• BSC Base Station Controller
• Terminal Subscriber Unit
• BTS Base Station Transceiver Subsystem
• Fig. 4 shows embodiments and structures for systems and networks containing Multiple Position Determining Entity (PDE), Base Station Controller (BSC) units, Terminal or Subscriber Unit (SU) and Base Station Transceiver Subsystem (BTS) units.
• PDE Multiple Position Determining Entity
• BSC Base Station Controller
• SU Terminal or Subscriber Unit
• BTS Base Station Transceiver Subsystem
• Fig. 5 represents implementation architectures and structures for single or multiple receiver and single or multiple transmitter signals, including location or position finder signals, from one or more antennas.
• Fig. 6 is represents a generic prior art transmitter and receiver (transceiver or T/R), disclosed in Feher' s U.S. Pat.6,665,348 (the'348 patent).
• Fig.7 shows prior art cross-correlated signals, and in particular in-phase (I) and quadrature-phase (Q) signal patterns-displayed in the time domain.
• FIG. 9 shows Quadrature and Non Quadrature Architectures with one or more processors, and or single or multiple modulators and antennas.
• Fig.10 is a multiple BRA and MFS transmitter architecture with one or more processors, modulators and amplifiers, antennas and interface connection(s) to wired or cabled or other transmission media.
• Fig.11a is a new implementation architecture and block diagram of a multiple communication link, also designated as a cascaded link, or a system having cascaded units which inter operate in a sequence for multimode operated wireless and or wired and internet systems including fixed location systems and mobile systems.
• Fig. lib shows an exemplary prior art quadrature modulator.
• Fig.12 is an embodiment of an RF head end (alternatively designated as RF subsystem or RF part) which is co-located with the baseband and or Intermediate Frequency(IF) processing units, or is at a remote location.
• Fig. 13 represents an alternative embodiment of a multi mode BRA and MFS system connected to single or multitude of wireless, wired, cabled or fiber optic communication (FOC) connected and or internet or mobile internet web based systems.
• FOC fiber optic communication
• FIG. 14 is an embodiment of a multi-mode, multi bit rate system, with BRA, MFS and code selectable OFDM, WCDMA, Wi-Fi, Wi-Max, WLAN, infrared, Bluetooth and or other spread spectrum or continuous data systems.
• Fig. 15 is an adaptive Radio Frequency (RF) wave generator, RF processor, radio and modulator structure.
• Fig. 16 is a multimode, multipurpose system embodiment for numerous applications, including signal processing and storage, medical diagnostics, broadcasting entertainment, educational and alarm system for seamless adaptive communications, emergency reporting, location finding and remote control embodiments.
• Fig. 17a is a Non-quadrature(non-QUAD) and quadrature modulation (Quad Mod or QUAD mod) multiple modulator embodiment, including polar modulator structures.
• Fig. 17b shows a polar (non Quadrature) exemplary prior art modulator implementation block diagram.
• Fig. 17c a Non-Quadrature (non-QUAD) exemplary prior art modulator architecture is illustrated.
• Fig. 18 represents multi-mode location receiver connections to multi-mode or to single mode wireless transmitters.
• Fig. 19 is a Software Defined Radio (SDR), Multiple SDR (MSDR) and Hybrid Defined Radio (HDR) transmitter and receiver embodiment, with single or multiple processors, single and or multiple RF amplifiers and antennas and single or multiple SDR and or non-SDR implementation architectures.
• SDR Software Defined Radio
• MSDR Multiple SDR
• HDR Hybrid Defined Radio
• Fig. 20 shows interface and or processor units, set of modulators, amplifiers, selection devices and or combiner devices which provide RF signals to the transmission medium.
• Fig. 21 is an embodiment of a single or multiple transmitter architecture using single or multiple transmitters; the multiple transmitter implementations are also designated as a diversity transmitter.
• Fig.22 shows a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system.
• MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output
• Fig. 23 is a Single Input Multiple Output (SIMO), Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO), and or Multiple Input Single Output (MISO) embodiment having one or multiple RF interface points and or one or multitude of antennas.
• Fig. 24 represents an antenna array implementing Multiple Input Multiple Output
• Fig. 25 shows Software Defined Radio (SDR) and Hybrid Defined Radio (HDR) systems for Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and or Single Input Multiple Output (SIMO) and or Multiple Input Single Output (MISO), including diversity systems.
• SDR Software Defined Radio
• HDR Hybrid Defined Radio
• Fig. 26 is an information monitoring processing and communication system. This system in certain application includes a patient monitor and diagnostic system.
• Fig. 27 depicts a Universal System including one or multiple Remote Control or Universal Remote Control(URC) devices, including wired or wireless devices.
• Fig. 28 shows a test and measurement instrumentation system within a wireless multi- mode system.
• Fig. 29 is an implementation architecture of single or multiple cellular phones, or of other mobile devices, communicating with single or multiple Base Station Transceiver (BST) having single or plurality of antennas.
• BST Base Station Transceiver
• Fig. 30 represents an implantable cardiac stimulation device, a heart and a block diagram of a single -chamber and or a dual-chamber pacemaker with single or multiple wireless communications and control systems.
• One or more devices are optional in the embodiments.
• the elements may be interconnected and or used in various configurations.
• some of the units or elements are optional and are not required for certain applications, embodiments and or structures.
• signal has the most generic meaning used in the prior art and includes electrical, acoustical, infrared , X-ray, fiber optics, light sound, position, altitude ,diagnostics, beat , density, and other sensor or device or human being or animal or object generated or processed waveforms, images, pictures, symbols , wavelets, wave shapes and analog or digital or "hybrid” analog and digital signals.
• Fig.l shows implementation structures for single and or multiple communications systems, including single and or multiple location or position finder systems, Radio Frequency Identification Devices(RFID), medical diagnostics, emergency communication and remote control systems connected with single or multiple Bit Rate Agile (BRA) , and single modulation or Modulation Format Selectable (MFS) cellular, other mobile wireless, satellite and/or land based devices for Global Mobile System (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Enhanced Digital GSM Evolution
• RFID Radio Frequency Identification Devices
• BRA Bit Rate Agile
• MFS modulation or Modulation Format Selectable
• E-GSM Evolution of GSM
• CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
• WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
• W-CDMA Orthogonal
• Frequency Division Multiple Access OFDM
• Time Division Multiple Access TDMA
• IEEE 802.XX Time Division Multiple Access
• DECT Digital European Cordless Telecommunication
• IR Infrared
• Fig.l is an embodiment of interface units, processors, transmitters and receivers (also designated as transceivers or TR), single or multiple communication and or broadcast devices, location finder, location, position finder and tracking devices and processors, connected through selectors or combiners with single or multiple transceivers, communication systems entertainment devices, educational systems and or medical devices, e. g. patient monitor devices and or sensors connected to one or more communication systems.
• Interface Unit 1.1 is a device or part of a of a communication system and or part of location finder or location tracking or location positioning system or processor , for example part of a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver or an interface to a GPS receiver or other location finder or tracking device or a sensor, signal detector and processor of acoustic (e.g. voice, sound, music) signals, video and/or visual and/or image signals (moving video, still photographs, X-Ray pictures, telemetry signals) , temperature (e.g.
• GPS Global Positioning System
• Unit 1.1 may contain sensors for heart beat, strength, pulse rate, glucose, arterial blood gas sensors, insulin sensors or monitors and or other medical devices. Unit 1.1 may also contain sensors and medical apparatus or devices connected to a patient during a surgery, or post surgery for patient monitoring. Unit 1.1 may contain only one of the mentioned elements, or more of the aforementioned elements. Unit 1.1 may contain certain combinations and/or variations of the devices described in this section.
• Unit 1.1 is a simple interface unit to connect signals from a signal source and or from multiple sources to and or from the communication medium.
• signal source or “source” includes a broad class of signal sources, signal processors and or signal generators, including speech, audio, video, picture, display, data storage, information processors and other devices which generate, contain or process signals.
• Implementation of interface Unit 1.1 consists of a connection device (such as a wire or cable or part of circuit or connection to an antenna or an electronic or acoustical or infrared or laser coupler or connector, or an electronic or electrical circuit) or a combination of one or more devices.
• Interface Unit 1.1 may be a simple interface for video or television(TV), or digital camera (digital photo camera or digicam) signals or interface unit for a sequence of images or other visual signals such as photographs, scanned images or processors or devices of visual signals and or stored and programmable music-such as contained in prior art portable music players or integrated prior art MP3 players, with or without prior art Windows Mobile smart-phone software, computer, entertainment, games, interactive video games with or without location finders, location finders with or without radio FM/ AM or digital radio or other radio or television broadcast signals.
• Unit 1.1 contains the web or WEB or the World Wide Web, shortly web or www, Mobile Web access from mobile devices.
• Unit 1.1 contains in some of the embodiments a push to talk(PTT) processor.
• the signal or plurality of different type of signals is connected to one,or more transceivers (TR) contained in Unit 1.2.
• transceiver refers to one or multiple transmitters and receivers and also to one or multiple receivers and transmitters.
• the TR, Unit 1.2 may include one or multiple entire transceivers or could consist of one or multiple receivers or one or multiple transmitters.
• Unit 1.2 (also designated as Element 1.2 or Device 1.2) could be one or multiple Bluetooth (BT), infrared (IR), other wireless, e.g. satellite or cable, or wired transceiver(s), or part of a transceiver(s).
• Unit 1.3 is a signal splitter or signal selector device or connection which selects or combines and connects the Element 1.2 provided signals (one or more signals) to one or more communication systems or subsystems contained in communicator devices Unit 1.4, Unit 1.5, and Unit 1.6.
• the communicator devices Unit 1.4, Unit 1.5, and Unit 1.6 are parts or entire GSM, CDMA or Wireless
• WLAN Local Area Network
• Systems components in Unit 1.6 are assembled in one or more combinations and variations , also known as “plug and play” and are for operation in single or multiple standardized systems , e.g. GSM, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Enhanced Digital GSM Evolution (EDGE), or Evolution of GSM (E-
• GSM Global System for Mobile communications
• CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
• WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
• W-CDMA Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access
• OFDM Time Division Multiple Access
• TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
• IEEE 8O2.xx Digital European Cordless Telecommunication (DECT), Infrared (IR), Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi),
• Fig. 1 Bluetooth, and other standardized as well as non- standardized systems.
• One or more of the Fig. 1 components could be Modulation Format Selectable (MFS) and or Bit Rate
• Signal selector or signal combiner Unit 1.7 provides the selected or combined signals to one or plurality antennas, shown as Unit 1.8a or other signal interface units which provide the selected or combined signals to the wireless or wired, or cabled, or internet medium, such as web (or WEB) or www, represented by Unit 1.8b.
• Unit 1.15 is the receiver section of the transmitted signals of Unit 1.6, designated as OFDM or other. In other embodiments Unit 1.15 is receiver section of other signals, such as OFDM, infrared, WI-Fi, TDMA, FDMA, telemetry WLAN, WMAN , GSM , CDMA, WCDMA, or other signals or a combination of one or more of such signals.
• Signal selector or signal combiner Unit 1.16 provides one or multiple signals to interface or processor Unit 1.17.
• structures and architectures Units 1.6 and Unit 1.15 contain one or more of the following devices: interface devices, processors, modulators, demodulators, transmitters, receivers, splitters, combiners for one or more of OFDM, infrared,
• Bluetooth Wi-Fi, TDMA, FDMA, FDM, telemetry, RFID, WLAN, MLAN, cellular systems, cable, wireless web ,wireless internet or other wired or internet systems.
• the selection or combing of signals is under the control of processors and or programs and/or manual control.
• the selection or combing of signals is not shown in Fig.l.
• Interface and or processor Unit 1.17 interfaces to and or processes one or more of the received signals and may provide control signals to the receiver and also to the transmitter.
• Block arrows Unit 1.9 and Unit 1.10 designate signal and control path and or physical connections for processing and /or control of parts of the elements shown in Fig.l .
• Fig.2 is a structure of a multi mode location and multi-mode communication system, including wireless, wired (or cabled) and internet -web based connections with single or multiple communication links and or communication transceivers (TTR) and or communication and control units.
• TTR communication transceivers
• Unit 2.5 one or more other signals are connected to the or from the single or multiple transceivers.
• Unit 2.6 is an interface unit or single or multiple transceivers connected to the signal transmission or signal reception medium. The signals from or to Unit 2.6 are connected with the single or multiple communication link, Unit 2.8.
• 2.18, 2.19, 2.20, 2.21 and communication and control Unit 2.10 process signals and provide communication and control signals from and or to antenna Units 2.11, 2.12,
• Units 2.6 and 2.8 are in "cascade", i.e. they are connected to each other in a sequence. Communication and
• Control Unit 2.10 may also operate in cascade with one or more of Unit 2.6 or 2.8. In other embodiments, one or more of the units, shown in Fig.2, are connected in parallel or a star or mesh network, or other configurations.
• Fig.3 is a structure of a system having single or a plurality of selectable Position
• PDE Determining Entity
• BSC Base Station Controller
• Terminal Subscriber Unit
• BTS Base Station Transceiver Subsystem
• FIG. 3 includes processing of Receiver or Location Finder Signals, e.g. GPS signals and or land line and or web- internet information signals and it includes Transmit Section of Multiple Communicator Devices. Elements (also designated as Units or Devices) 3.8, 3.9, 3.11, 3.14, 3.16 and
• 3.18 are single or multiple antennas which receive and or transmit signals from to a Position Determining Entity (PDE) transmitter or to one or more Base Station
• PDE Position Determining Entity
• transmitters of PDE signals include one or more satellite systems, such as GPS satellites, cellular base stations, wireless base stations or other wireless transmitters such as cellular phones PDA wireless transmitters, Remote Control (RC) transmitters, infrared or any other transmitters.
• Units 3.1 and 3.3 are interface units and or front end ports respectively, for reception of the PDE signals from the antennas, from infrared transmitters, from laser transmitters and or from wired connections or from the internet. Wired connections include fiber optics, copper, cable and any other connection.
• the Position Determining Entity (PDE) front end is a Remote Front end while in other cases it is co-located with the entire receiver.
• Units 3.2 and 3.4 are one or a plurality of Base Station Controller (BSC) units, designated as units BSC-I to BSC-N.
• BSC Base Station Controller
• the BSC units control signals of the Base Station Transceiver Subsystem (BTS) units 3.7, 3.10, 3.12, 3.13, 3.15 and 3.17.
• BTS Base Station Transceiver Subsystem
• Signal reception and or signal processing and or signal transmission by the antenna units or sets of antenna units 3.8 , 3.9, 3.11, 3.14, 3.16 and or 3.18 is controlled by one or more BSC units or by controller devices located in the Base Station
• FIG. 4 shows embodiments and structures for systems and networks containing
• PDE Position Determining Entity
• PPD Position Determining Device
• BSC Base Station Transceiver Controller
• BSC Base Station Transceiver Subsystem
• RRC Remote Control
• URC Universal Remote Control
• RFID radio frequency identification
• DNA Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid
• fingerprint identification fingerprint control and or using DNA samples for interactive communication or control of certain communications and control systems and systems having push to talk (PTT) options are included in some of the embodiments.
• Each unit may contain interface unit and or processor unit, memory, communication port , single or multiple modulator or transmitter(s) and single or multiple receivers and or demodulators with or without single or multiple switching selection devices and /or signal combining and splitting devices.
• Communications , telematics, telemetry, video broadcasting and or point to point video transmission, transmission of audio and or data and or video to mobile units is embodied by the implementation of single or multiple Bit Rate Agile (BRA) , and single modulation format and or multimode Modulation Format Selectable (MFS), single bit rate and or multiple bit rate and or Bit Rate AgHe(B RA) systems , such as enhanced performance or new features, new applications and new embodiment based GSM, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Enhanced Digital GSM Evolution (EDGE), or
• E-GSM Evolution of GSM
• CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
• WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
• W-CDMA Orthogonal Frequency Division
• OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access
• TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
• IEEE 8O2.xx Digital European Cordless Telecommunication (DECT)
• DECT Digital European Cordless Telecommunication
• IR Infrared
• Units 4.1, 4.3 and 4.5 contain single or Multiple Position
• Units 4.2, 4.4 and 4.6 are single or multiple BTS devices.
• Units 4.7, 4.8 and 4.9 are single or multiple transmit and or receive or transmit /receive antennas embodied as single band or multiple band antenna systems.
• Units 4.14, 4.16 and 4.18 are terminals, also designated as subscriber units (SU).
• the SU contain the PDE or position finder or location finder or location tracker unit, or RFID units.
• the BTS devices or BTS units communicate directly with the SC devices(units); in other applications some SC units communicate with other SC units without the use of BTS devices (also designated as BTS units).
• Block arrows 4.10, 4.11 and 4.12 show communication links between BTS, PDE and SC units and combinations of units, without the need to have all units in the network.
• Fig. 5 represents implementation architectures and structures for single or multiple receiver and single or multiple transmitter signals, including location or position finder signals, e.g. wireless signals, cellular signals, GPS signals received from one or more satellites or from one or more ground (terrestrial) based single or plurality of antennas, Units 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.15 and 5.16 or land line or world wide web (www) signals received by connections or interface units 5.4 and 5.14 which interface and or receive signals from Transmit Section of Multiple Communicator Devices.
• Multiple Position Determining e.g. wireless signals, cellular signals, GPS signals received from one or more satellites or from one or more ground (terrestrial) based single or plurality of antennas, Units 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.15 and 5.16 or land line or world wide web (www) signals received by connections or interface units 5.4
• Position Determining Entity is also designated as Position Determining Device(PDD).
• PDE Position Determining Entity
• the Position Determining Entity (PDE) ports/units 5.5 and 5.17 are part of the entire receivers while in other cases are implemented at separate locations from other parts of the receivers and designated as remote RF front ends.
• other units of the receiver are located at remote locations, from the subsequent parts of the receivers.
• Units 5.1 to 5.23 constitute parts of two receivers. Each unit is optional and not all units are required for the operation of the system.
• Units 5.6 and 5.18 are Band Pass Filter (BPF)
• Units 5.7 and 5.19 are amplifiers
• Units 5.8 and 5.20 are signal multipliers (also known as mixers) for signal down conversion
• Units 5.9 and 5.21 are frequency synthesizers or oscillators which provide signals to the mixers.
• Units 5.10, 5.22 and 5.11, 5.23 are demodulators and signal processors which provide, through an optional signal combiner or signal selector, Unit 5.12, demodulated and processed single or multiple output signals to connection lead 5.13.
• RP direct radio frequency
• SDR Software Defined Radio
• Units 5.24 to 5.40 are elements or devices of single or plurality of transmit sections of one or more transmitters of one or more communicator devices.
• Software Defined Radio (SDR) systems concepts, principles, SDR architectures and SDR technologies have been described in the prior art, including in the cited reference book Tuttlebee , W. :"Software Defined Radio: Baseband Technology for 3G
• Single or multiple signals are received from one or more input signal sources, signal processors, sensors, detection devices or other systems; these input signals or signal sources include one or more of the following signals obtained from: Video to mobile video transmitters, Video over Internet Protocol (ViIP), Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), wireless systems including GSM, GPRS, TDMA,WCDMA,CDMA, W-CDMA,
• Video over Internet Protocol ViIP
• VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol
• wireless systems including GSM, GPRS, TDMA,WCDMA,CDMA, W-CDMA,
• OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access
• IR infrared
• Bluetooth Wi- Fi
• wired systems cable connected systems and or a combination of wired/wireless and or internet web based systems , including mobile web , or mobile internet based systems.
• Fig.16 consist of one or more of the following signals, further also shown in Fig.16 as elements 16.1 to 16.13 and 16.15: location tracker Unit 16.1, remote control (RC) or universal remote control (URC) Unit 16.2, video, digital video or video game Unit 16.3, digital camera, photo camera, scanner X-ray or any other image Unit 16.4, emergency or alarm signals or detector signals or diagnosis signals (such as obtained from medical sensors or devices) Unit 16.5, voice, music , recorded/stored music, sound recording , dictation recorded signals Unit 16.6, telemetry and /or diagnostics telemetry or space telemetry or other telemetry or telematics signals Unit 16.7, fingerprint or other personal identification and/or other signals, such as Deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA) information and/or generated or obtained or processed signals from DNA samples.
• RC remote control
• URC universal remote control
• URC universal remote control
• Unit 16.2 video, digital video or video game Unit 16.3, digital camera, photo camera, scanner X-ray or any other image Unit 16.4,
• DNA refers to customary prior art dictionary definitions of DNA such as: Deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA) is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions specifying the biological development of all cellular forms of life (and many viruses).
• DNA refers also to more generic DNA definitions and to generic medical diagnostics and diagnostics obtained and related audible, visual, blood pressure, temperature, density , motion, and other diagnostics signals.
• Unit 5.25 is a splitter or selector or combiner device.
• the terms splitter, selector and combiner device or unit mean that each of these terms describes devices which split or select or combine one or more input signals, process these signals and provide one or more output signals.
• On single or multiple connection lead or leads 5.26 a signal or multiple signals are provided toUnit 5.28 the input interface unit of the first (1 st ) processor and or first transmitter path.
• connection lead or leads 5.26 a signal or multiple signals are provided toUnit 5.28 the input interface unit of the first (1 st ) processor and or first transmitter path.
• Unit 5.27 a signal or multiple signals are provided to Unit 5.29 the input interface unit of the second (2 n ⁇ ) processor and or second transmitter path.
• Input interface Unit 5.28 and interface Unit 5.29 provide signals to one or more single or multiple modulator Units
• the modulated output signals of these units are provided to one or more amplifiers, Unit 5.32a and or 5.32b to optional filters 5.33 and 5.34, to subsequent amplifiers 5.35 and or 5.36 and to antennas 5.37 and or 5.39 and or to the wired or cabled or infrared transmission media on connection leads 5.38 and or 5.40.
• One or more of the mentioned amplifiers are operated in linearly amplified or linearized amplification mode and or in Non-Linearly Amplified (NLA) mode. While Fig. 5 shows two signal path (in the upper part of the figure) and two signal path (in the lower part of the figure), implementations have single and multiple mode signal path applications, including one or two or three or more signal paths.
• single selected signals are transmitted, while in other empbodiments of this invention multiple signals are transmitted.
• one of the implementation structures has multiple traransmitter path, connected to a single antenna 5.42.
• the amplified signal or the amplified signals are connected by a switch or selector or combiner 5.41 to antenna Unit 5.42.
• Antenna Unit 5.42 may consist of a single antenna or multiple antennas.
• Fig. 6 is represents a generic prior art transmitter receiver (transceiver or T/R), taken from prior art Fig. 6 of Feher' s U.S. Pat.6,665,348 (the'348 patent), Ref. [42]. Since several terms used in the '348 patent and in the current application have the same and/or similar meaning as in the prior art and to facilitate reading of the current application, without the need to repeatedly refer to the '348 patent, in the following paragraphs pertinent highlights and or additional explanations of the prior art Fig. 6, of the '348 patent, within the context of this application, are presented.
• Fig. 6 of the current application (which is taken from Fig. 6, of the prior art '348 patent) an implementation diagram with cascaded switched transmit (Tx) and receive (Rx) Low-Pass-Filters (LPF) in conjunction with cross-correlated and other non cross-correlated Time Constrained
• TCS Time Division Multiple Access
• LR Long Response
• cross-correlated signals or cross-correlated waveforms means that signals (or waveforms) are related to each other. More specifically, the term "cross-correlating" means "processing signals to generate related output signals in the in-phase (I) and in the quadrature-phase (Q) channels".
• a signal is split into two signal path or two signal channels and the signals in the two channels are the same, or practically the same, then the signals in the two channels are related thus, are cross-correlated.
• cascade or cascaded " means that the signal flow or signal connection between filters or units is in a sequence, such as serial signal flow between filters , processors or units, or the signal flow or signal path is simultaneous or parallel between multiple units.
• the LR filters or LR processors could be implemented as separate in-phase (I) and quadrature -phase (Q) LPF s or as an individual time-shared LPF.
• the transmit Baseband Signal Processor (BBP) including the I and Q LPF s could be implemented by digital techniques and followed by D/ A converters or by means of analog implementations or a mixture of digital and analog components. In certain embodiments only one signal path is present, that is there are no separate I and Q signal channels. Certain architectures use Bit Rate Agile(BRA),
• Modulation Format Selectable(MFS), modulation and demodulation filters have been implemented and tested with intentionally Mis-Matched (MM) filter parameters.
• Some of the implementations use Agile(Bit rate Agile or BRA) Cascaded Mis-Matched (ACM) architectures.
• the term Bit rate Agile or BRA refers to systems in which the bit rate is tunable, selectable or changeable.
• the LR filter units embodied by the first and second sets of I and Q are implemented as LPF s or alternately as of other types of filters such as
• BPF Band-Pass Filters
• HPF High Pass Filters
• Unit 6.17 is an amplifier that could be operated in a linear (LIN) or in a NLA mode.
• the output of amplifier unit 6.17 is provided on lead 6.18 to the transmission medium.
• the units in only one of the signal channels e.g. the channel designated as the Q channel are implemented while in the other channel, designated as I channel the components are not used.
• Fig. 6 at the receiving end, on lead 6.19, is the modulated received signal.
• Unit 6.21 is a BPF that is present in some embodiments while in others it is not required.
• a more detailed description of Units 6.1 to 6.35 and embodiments and operation is contained in Feher's U.S. pat.
• Fig.7 contains prior art cross-correlated signals, and in particular in-phase (I) and quadrature-phase (Q) signal patterns-displayed in the time domain. This figure is taken from a prior art cited book, Feher, K.: "Wireless Digital Communications: Modulation &
• Q signal (designated as Q signal) are related, that is these signals are cross-correlated.
• This relation or cross-correlation property of the I and Q signals is noted in Fig.7, for example, whenever the upper signal (I signal) has its maximum amplitude, the lower signal (Q signal) has zero value and when the upper signal has a local maximum the lower signal has a local minimum.
• the term zero means zero or approximately zero, while the terms maximum and minimum mean maximum and minimum or approximately maximum and approximately minimum.
• Fig.8 shows prior art measured cross-correlated signals on a sample Integrated Circuit
• the measured signal time patterns (or waveform) in the upper channel (designated as I signal) and in the lower channel (designated as Q signal) are related, i.e. they are cross-correlated. This cross-correlation or relation property between the upper and lower signals is evident, for example, whenever the upper signal (I signal) has its maximum amplitude, the lower signal (Q signal) has zero value.
• Fig.9 shows in the upper part of the figure one or multiple signals, connected on lead 9.1 to an interface unit 9.2 or processor unit 9.2.
• Interface and or processor 9.2 provides single or multiple signals on single or multiple leads 9.3 and or single or multiple leads 9.4 to one or more modulators.
• Unit 9.5 contains one or more non-quadrature modulation implementation structures such as prior art FM modulators and or polar modulators or other non quadrature modulators.
• Non quadrature modulators are modulators which have structures and implementations which are different from the quadrature(QUAD) implementation structures.
• Unit 9.6 contains one or a plurality processors and modulators which have a quadrature(QUAD) implementation structure. Modulators having quadrature structure have base band in-phase(I) signals baseband quadrature- phase(Q) signals connected to the inputs of the Quadrature modulators.
• Fig.6 An illustrative embodiment of a quadrature modulator structure is shown in Fig.6.
• a prior art non- quadrature modulator embodiment is shown in the lower part of Fig.13.
• Non-quadrature modulators are described in numerous prior art references; these are designated as FM modulators, FSK modulators, BPSK modulators or by similar and or related names and acronyms.
• Units 9.7, 9.8, 9.9 and 9.10 provide transmission processing functions such as filtering, up-conversion, and linear (LIN) or NLA signal amplification.
• LIN linear
• the same input signal is provided (split or by the splitter) to the I channel, on connection 9.12, and to the Q channel on connection 9.13.
• the signals on connection leads 9.12 and 9.13 designated as I and Q signals, in this implementation architecture, are the same or are practically the same, thus they are related or cross-correlated signals.
• the splitter provides processed and different signals to leads 9.12 and 9.13 respectively, that is the I signal is different than the Q signal.
• the different I and Q signals, depending upon the processor/splitter may or may not be related, that is they may or may not be cross-correlated.
• Fig.lO is a multiple BRA and MFS transmitter architectures with one or more processors, modulators and amplifiers, antennas and interface connection(s) to wired or cabled or other transmission media, including but not limited to mobile wired or wireless internet systems.
• one or more input signals are provided to signal interface Unit 10.2.
• These input signals could be analog, mixed analog and digital (hybrid) or digital baseband signals, such as prior art Non Return to Zero (NRZ) encoded or other digital signals.
• NRZ Non Return to Zero
• These input signals could be obtained from a sensor, from RPID devices, from motion detectors, video cameras, television or other picture and or image processors or from signals generated by a touch screen operation.
• Unit 10.2 provides one or more signals to one or more quadrature (designated also as QUAD or quad) baseband signal processors Units 10.3 or 10.4 and or to one or more non-quadrature baseband signal processors included in Unit 10.17.
• These baseband signal processors interface, process and or generate one or more of OFDM, CDMA, W-CDMA or WCDMA, CDMA-2000, CDMA EVDO, other CDMA, other spread spectrum or TDMA, or continuous data streams analog or digital signals for modulation.
• the embodiment of Fig.lO is for multiple BRA and MFS signal processing, modulation and transmission and or for single modulation format or single modulation format selected systems.
• Bit Rate Agile(BRA) means that the bit rate is selectable or tunable or adaptable to the system requirements and system objectives and the term Modulation Format Selectable(MFS) means that various modulation formats can be selected and or that the modulation type or modulation types are adaptable to the system or user requirements.
• Units 10.5, 10.11 and 10.18 are single or plurality of non-quadrature or quadrature modulators.
• 10.7, 10.8, 10.9, 10.10, 10.13, 10.14, 10.15, 10.16 and 10.19 to 10.23 are optional amplifiers, filters, signal conditioners or signal processors antennas and interface points to wired or cabled transmission systems.
• Single or multiple controller Unit 10.24 controls through control signals present on connections or leads or software control algorithms on 10.25 the selection or combining process of one or more signals and controls which signals should be connected to the transmission medium and when should the selected and or combined signals be transmitted.
• Unit 10.11 receives signals from interface or processor Unit 10.2 .
• Unit 10.11 contains non -quadrature (also designated as non quadrature or non-QUAD or non-quad) modulators.
• Fig.lla is a new implementation architecture and block diagram of a multiple communication link, also designated as a cascaded link, or a system having cascaded units which inter operate in a sequence for multimode operated wireless and or wired and internet systems including fixed location systems and mobile systems.
• Unit 11.1 contains one or more of the following devices or signals generated by these devices: a location finder, also designated as a Position Determining Entity (PDE) or Position
• PDE Position Determining Entity
• Determining Device a medical apparatus a diagnostic device, voice processor, data processor, image processor, digital camera processor, video processor, a finger print stored or processed signal or image, DNA signal processors, music, other storage devices or a screen touch generated or processed signal.
• PDD Determining Device
• a medical apparatus a diagnostic device, voice processor, data processor, image processor, digital camera processor, video processor, a finger print stored or processed signal or image, DNA signal processors, music, other storage devices or a screen touch generated or processed signal.
• Unit 11.1 are provided to Unit 11.2 containing a short range system, such as a WLAN, Bluetooth, infrared or other communication system or sub system.
• the short range systems are connected to an optional medium range communication system, Unit 11.3.
• the medium range system provides signals to one or more remote units, designated as
• the remote unit provides signals to the interface unit or units of the transmission medium, designated as Unit 11.5.
• the signal path is implemented from the location finder, Unit 11.1 to the interface Unit 11.5 and also in the opposite direction from interface Unit 11.5 to the location finder.
• the units in this structure in one of the embodiments have fixed parameters while in an other embodiment are BRA and MFS units operated in a single or in plurality of multi mode systems.
• optional modulation devices and circuits are included.
• the prior art implemented modulation circuits have two distinct implementation architectures.
• quadrature modulator also designated as QUAD-mod or quad mod
• the second implementations is known as polar modulation and or designated herein as non-Quadrature, or non-QUAD modulation.
• Fig. lib shows an exemplary prior art quadrature modulator.
• Fig.l7b and Fig.l7c two prior art polar and or non- QUAD architectures are described.
• the input source signals present on leads 11.6 and 11.7 are connected to optional Digital to Analog(D/A) converters 11.8 and 11.9.
• I and Q signals are also known as in-phase (I) and quadrature-phase(Q) signals.
• the I and Q signals are provided to optional filters, shown as 11.10 Filter-I and shown as 11.11 Filter-Q.
• the input signals on leads 11.6 and or 11.7 may include such signals as a microphone, video camera, photo camera, facsimile, wireless internet connection, modem, or other source of customer, subscriber, or other user data signals or converted processed signals.
• the optionally D/ A converted and or optionally filtered I and Q signals, or the signals present on input leads are provided to two multipliers (also known as mixers), designated as Unit
• mixer 11.13 is provided by an unmodulated carrier wave (CW) signal on lead 11.14, while mixer 11.16 is provided a CW signal which is 90 degrees phase shifted from the signal provided to mixer 11.13.
• Mixer 11.16 receives the 90 degree phase shifted signal from the 90 degree phase shifter unit, Unit 11.15.
• the outputs of mixers 11.13 and 11.16 are provided to the inputs of a summing device 11.17.
• the output of summing device 11.17 is the quadrature modulated signal. It is provided to an optional signal amplifier (Ampl).
• the modulated signal is provided on lead 11.9 to the transmission medium
• Fig.12 is an embodiment of an RF head end (alternatively designated as RF subsystem or RF part) which is co-located with the baseband and or Intermediate
• Frequency(IF) processing units or is at a remote location.
• Remote location means that there is a separate physical unit (enclosure or box) other than is the unit and/or location of the baseband processing(BBP) and or Intermediate Frequency(IF) units.
• Unit 12.1 contains the BBP and or IF devices while Unit 12.2 is the RF head.
• Unit 12.1 in some embodiments have single processors , for processing a single baseband signals , while in other embodiments contain multitude of baseband processors and or multitude of IF or multitude of RF processors , or multitude of RF head ends for processing of more than one signal.
• the RF head includes one or more of the following
• Radio Frequency (RF) components RF amplifiers, RF filters, circulators, RF splitters or RF combiners, RF diplexers, RF switches, and or RF cables or connections including fiber optic communication (FOC) links.
• Unit 12.3 is the embodiment of one or more transmit and/or receive antennas and Unit 12.4 is the structure for one or more interface elements, for interfacing the signals from or to Unit 12.2 to the wired or cabled or FOC communications or broadcasting medium. All signals are enabled to flow from Unit 12.1 to Units 12.3 and 12. 4 and in reverse directions from Units 12.3 and or Unit 12.4 towards Unit 12.1.
• Fig.12 include multi operation and multi function of a plurality of systems including: single or multiple location finder, location tracker devices, position finder devices, Radio Frequency Identification Devices(RFID), connected with single or multiple Bit Rate Agile(BRA) , and single modulation or Modulation Format Selectable(MFS) satellite and/or land based devices.
• RFID Radio Frequency Identification Devices
• BRA Bit Rate Agile
• MFS Modulation Format Selectable
• CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
• WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
• W-CDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
• OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access
• Fig.12 operations include single mode and or multimode communication systems with co-located and remote located RF heads with single and or plurality of antennas.
• Fig. 13 represents an alternative embodiment of a multi mode BRA and MFS system connected to single or multitude of wireless, wired, cabled or FOC connected and or internet or mobile internet web based systems.
• Units 13.1 to 13.4 are the embodiments of single bit rate and or single modulation format processors and or of multiple bit rate or BRA and MFS processors, filters, modulators and amplifiers.
• the single or multiple amplified signals of the communication structure are provided to interface points and to single or multiple antennas for wireless transmission, shown as antennas 13.5, and or to interface points 13.6 for systems having physical hardware or firmware connections or connectors.
• Units 13.1 to 13.4 may contain single processors, filters and or modulators or may contain a multitude of processors, filters and or modulators which are connected in a cascade(serial mode) or parallel or other configuration.
• Unit 13.2 contains one or more
• Time Constrained Signal (TCS) processors and or Long Response(LR) filters are provided to single or multiple modulators, contained in Unit 13.3.
• the modulators in Unit 13.3 are quadrature (QUAD) modulators, while in an other embodiment they are non- quadrature(non-QUAD) modulators, while in an other implementation structure or embodiment they are a combination of single or multiple QUAD and single or multiple non-QUAD modulators.
• Interface Unit 13.7a provides signals to optional processor 13.7b.
• Processor 13.7b implementation structures is an analog or digital or a hybrid (mixed analog and digital) baseband processor.
• the processed baseband signal is provided to non-quadrature modulator , Unit 13.8 for modulation and connection to amplifier unit 13.9 for modulated signal amplification.
• the amplified signal is provided to the transmission medium, antenna Unit 13.10 or to the wired or cabled transmission mediums interface Unit 13.11.
• FIG. 14 is an embodiment of a multi-mode, multi bit rate system, with BRA, MFS and code selectable OFDM, WCDMA, Wi-Fi, WLAN, infrared, Bluetooth and or other spread spectrum or continuous data systems.
• the embodiments include connection and or elements or units of the system architecture operating in a single mode or simultaneous multi-mode configuration.
• Hybrid signals contain combination of single or multiple analog and/or digital signals.
• the signal or signals on input lead 14.1 contain in certain embodiments video signals or audio signals or signals obtained from processed photography, DNA samples, fingerprints, touch screen control or identification signals , RFID signals , telemetry, telematics , Remote
• Interface processor may comprise a simple connection device, or a splitter or o a combiner or a signal processing circuit with one or more output connection leads.
• the single or multiple output signal(s) are provided to Units 14.3 to 14.6 for signal interface and/or further processing.
• Unit 14.3 is a GSM and/or GPRS and/or EDGE connection and/or signal processor
• Unit 14.4 is a connection and/or spread spectrum signal processor, for example a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) processor, an other type of Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum(DS-SS) processor, a Frequency Hopped Spread Spectrum (FH-SS) processor, a Collision Sense Multiple Access(CSMA) spread spectrum connection lead and/or processor or an other variation of spread spectrum processors.
• CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
• DS-SS Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum
• FH-SS Frequency Hopped Spread Spectrum
• CSMA Collision Sense Multiple Access
• Unit 14.5 is an OFDM signal connection and/or processor
• Unit 14.6 is an interface unit connection and/or processor for one infrared signal or a plurality of infrared signals.
• the interface or processor for one of the shown/designated processors is replaced by Wi-Fi, or other interfaces such as Fiber Optic
• Switch switch, combiner or splitter or similar device
• Unit 14.7 and provided to one or multiple processors embodied in Unit 14.8.
• One or more output signals, from Unit 14.8, are connected to one or multiple modulators, shown in Unit 14.10.
• the output or outputs of 14.10 are connected to single or multiple transmit interface points shown as Unit 14.11.
• a controller, Unit 14.12 provides control signals to one or more Units, shown in Fig. 14, for selection and/or processing of one or more signals and/or connection of the selected signals to the transmission interface unit(s) 14.11.
• Fig. 15 is an adaptive Radio Frequency (RF) wave generator, RF processor, radio and modulator structure.
• the implementation includes baseband processor ,interface and control unit , data clock interface and RF amplifiers, RF splitters or RF switch device and antennas.
• the implementation embodiments are for single or multi-mode modulation formats and or for Modulation Format Selectable (MFS) and Bit Rate Agile(BRA) systems.
• MFS Modulation Format Selectable
• BRA Bit Rate Agile
• a frequency source signal is provided on single lead 15.1 or multiple leads 15.1 to adaptive RF frequency and or RF wave generator Unit 15.2.
• the source signal ,on lead 15.1 consists of a frequency reference source , such as an oscillator , or a Phase Locked Loop (PLL), or a numerically controlled oscillator, or a frequency synthesizer, or a clock signal received from an other system, or an unmodulated carrier wave(CW), or any other signal source.
• PLL Phase Locked Loop
• CW unmodulated carrier wave
• RF frequency and or RF wave generator Unit 15.2 is merely an interface unit which provides to one or multiple leads(connections) 15.3 the signal received on lead(connection) 15.1.
• RF frequency and or RF wave generator Unit 15.2 is an adaptive RF agile (RFA) signal processor and signal generator.
• the RFA generator comprises a frequency synthesizer for the generation of multitude of unmodulated CW signals, in other embodiments it generates one or a plurality of unmodulated or modulated RF signals.
• the generated RF signals might have a sinusoidal wave shape or rectangular wave shape or other wave shapes or waveforms and one or more of the RF signals, provided to connections 15.3 are periodic or non-periodic signals.
• RF Processor Unit 15.5 contains input selectors, for selecting one or more of the signals, received on leads 15.3 and it also contains output selectors for selecting and providing one or more of the output signals to leads 15.6 and subsequent connection of the selected output signals to one or multitude of amplifiers
• Unit 15.15 is an interface and or a processor unit, which includes an interface circuit and optional processor circuits for signal conversion, e.g. Analog to
• Unit 15.15 includes parts of the baseband circuitry of a Software Defined
• SDR Software Defined Radio
• Processor Unit 15.5 contains one or more optional circuits . Within Unit 15.5 there are input signal leads (arrows), shown on the left hand side, and output signal leads, and shown on the right hand side.
• the bold line represents a signal connection between a selected signal from input lead 15.3 to output lead 15.6.
• the signal present on the bold line, (representing a connection) may be selected or not selected .
• NLA are implementations of different processors and or different modulators.
• the implemented modulators are in some implementations quadrature(QUAD) modulators, while in other embodiments they are non-quadrature(non-QUAD) modulators, such as polar modulators.
• the amplifiers operate in a relatively linear mode
• the Interface and or Control/Processor Unit 15.5 in combination with the data clock interface unit 15.16 selects one or more of the output signals and connects the single or multitude of selected Unit 15.5 output signals to one or more optional amplifiers 15.7 and or 15.12. One or a plurality of the output signals is provided to one or more of the transmission media interface points, shown as 15.8, 15.10, 15.11 and 15.14.
• Elements 15.9 and 15.13 are optional signal switch or splitter or combiner or duplexer or diplexer units.
• Fig. 16 is a multimode, multipurpose system which incorporates embodiments for numerous applications, including but not limited to enhanced performance , increased coverage , higher speed information and data transfer wired and wireless communications seamless communications, communications over different operating systems and different standards, including American and internationally standardized systems, non- standardized systems, signal processing and storage, data manipulation, diagnostics, broadcasting entertainment, educational and alarm system for seamless adaptive communications, emergency reporting, location finding and remote control embodiments.
• Implementation and or selection of one or more of the system and network components enable information storage, use of multimedia tools including voice, music, camera, high definition camera, real-time one -way, two- way or multi-way video and or and or voice calling, broadcasting and communications, still and moving image capture and editing.
• multimedia tools including voice, music, camera, high definition camera, real-time one -way, two- way or multi-way video and or and or voice calling, broadcasting and communications, still and moving image capture and editing.
• Direct access to launch browsers from the screen, by touching the screen or other direct access does not require push buttons.
• Addition of supplemental memory or removal of memory and or of other components is enabled by insertion or removal of components into one or more of the units shown in
• Fig.16 Interconnection between cellular systems, Bluetooth, infrared, Wi-Fi with remote control devices, with cellular phone and automobile based or home based radio or television and or computer systems is enabled.
• One of Fig.16 optional interconnections or communications with mobile devices in automobiles, other portable or mobile devices including motorcycles or other vehicles, e.g. tractors or trains or boats or ships or airplanes and or remote control systems is also shown in Fig.27.
• Information and signal transmission and reception are enabled between two or more than two users. Architectures and embodiments enable a single user to process, store and manipulate information and or to transmit it to others, or transfer to the user, computer, printer camera, facsimile or to other interface.
• Unit 16.1 contains a signal interface and or a signal processor for locator and or tracker device generated signals.
• Unit 16.2 contains a remote control signal interface or signal processor unit.
• Unit 16.3 contains a video game signal interface or signal processor unit.
• Unit 16.4 contains a digital camera and or scanner signal interface or signal processor unit.
• Unit 16.5 contains an emergency and or alarm signal interface or signal processor unit.
• Unit 16.6 contains voice , or telephony signal or music signal interface or signal processor unit or a combination of these interface units.
• Unit 16.7 contains interface circuits or signal processors for telemetry, telematics or photograph or scanned or facsimile signals.
• Unit 16.8 contains signal interface or signal processor elements for fingerprint identification and or fingerprint control and or touch screen control or DNA based signals.
• Unit 16.9 contains signal interface or signal processor elements for sensor, transducer, detector (including motion detector, pressure detector, heat or smoke detector), Radio Frequency Identification and Detection (RFID) obtained signals.
• Unit 16.10 contains signal interface or signal processor unit to interface with stored analog or digital information, including stored music, stored video, stored images, stored scanned data information or other stored information.
• Unit 16.11 contains signal or data interface or signal or data processor device for connection and or processing of computer, including mobile computer, Personal Digital Assistant(PDA) and other digital or analog signals.
• Unit 16.12 contains signal interface or signal processor unit for connection, interface or coupling of music and or video, and or animated graphics and or sensor detected -transformed signals or other stored and or retrieved information signals including signals containing educational and or entertainment materials.
• Unit 16.13 contains medical and or information signal interface or signal processor unit, including diagnostics, sensor, transducer obtained signals, motion detector or pressure detector or DNA generated or stored signals and or information..
• Unit 16.15 embodies one or more signal processors and communication devices for providing single or multimode communications, multidirectional (to and from) through single or multiple communications and or broadcast media to single or multiple terminals 16.18 , 16.21 and 16.23 and or to one or multiple interface units 16.1 to 16.13.
• Terminal or Subscriber Units(SU) also designated as Subscribers(SC)
• SC Subscribers
• An adaptive network is a network in which the connection between various elements of the network and the communication system format are changeable, that is, they are selectable or adaptable.
• Control unit 16.24 provides and or receives one or multiple signals through single or multiple leads 16.25 from or to Unit 16.15, from or to the Subscriber Units (SU) and or from or to one more interface units 16.1 to 16.13.
• Unit 16.15 is a single and or multimode, single and or multipurpose communication and signal processing and or data processing unit.
• Unit 16.15 contains one or more of the following interface points and or connections and or communication devices: Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), Video Internet Protocol (ViIP) or video over internet or video over intranet, wireless, mobile system elements including one or more processors, modulators demodulators(modems) , transmitters receivers(TR) for VoIP
• VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol
• ViIP Video Internet Protocol
• TRF transmitters receivers
• TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
• FDMA FDMA
• GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
• GPRS EDGE WCDMA
• CDMA Ix CDMA Ix
• EV-DO Fifth Generation
• WLAN Wireless Local Area Network
• Wi-Fi IEEE 8O2.xx, cable, DSL, satellite, cable, infrared(IR), Bluetooth, location finder,
• GPS, emergency alarm medical diagnostics or appliance communicator These units operate in a "plug and play" configuration, that is, each unit can operate as a single unit or part of simultaneous operation in a network with several other units or in an adaptive network.
• the processors and or modulators contained in Unit 16.15 in certain implementations have non-quadrature (non-QUAD) architectures, such as in certain Frequency Modulated(FM) or Phase Modulated(PM) systems, e.g. FSK modulated or
• Unit 16.15 or one or more of interface Units 16.1 to 16.13 and or subscriber units (SU) 16.18, 16.21 and or 16.23 contain one or more of the following systems, components or signals: Multi-purpose System and Devices for Locator/Trackers -Position
• PDE Determining Entity
• RC Remote Control
• video photograph, facsimile, emergency alarm
• telephony signal voice
• music telemetry fingerprint -DNA device activation sensor motion sensor
• body temperature sensor body temperature sensor
• BSC Base Station Transceiver Subsystem
• Each unit may contain processor, memory, communication port or interface, single or multiple modulator and or demodulator, automatic transmission alert of unauthorized and authorized fingerprint originated signals.
• 16.25b show optional connections with Units in Fig.27 with one or more elements of Fig.16 and or units in other figures.
• Units 16.1 to 16.13 For user identification, user authentication, for medical information, emergency and alarm processing, for law enforcement, for financial and or other transactions, for signal transmission, reception and or control of one or more of Units 16.1 to 16.13, these units in certain implementations are interconnected with and or comprise selected units of Fig.
• Unit 16.8 contains single and or multiple fingerprint sensors and conversion devices for conversion and or coding of the information contained in the fingerprint to signals suitable for multiuse signal processing, storage, authentication and/or identification of one or of a plurality of users and single and or multiple signal transmission.
• the signal transmitters transmit the signals provided by the single or multiple fingerprint sensors.
• the signal transmission of the fingerprint signals depending on the setting of the transmitter is based on the authorized user and or by unauthorized user.
• Authorized and also unauthorized signal transmission is under the control of control Unit 16.24.
• Control Unit 16.24 contains in certain applications memory, processing and storage devices for storing the fingerprint information of the authorized and also of the unauthorized user and may provide control signals for transmission of the fingerprint information in addition to the dialed recipient to a third party, e.g. to a police department, to an emergency center or other law enforcement and or health care agency , or an individual or an alarm monitoring company, or the users alternate receiver device, which could include recording and/or storing the information on the same device in which the signal transmission originates.
• the telephone number(s) and or other information e.g. e-mail address of the said third party may be preprogrammed by the authorized user and or remotely preprogrammed by law enforcement agencies.
• the control unit 16.24 inserts "alarm” or "flag" signals into the transmitter path, alerting the single or multiple recipients , including the third party recipient that unauthorized and or emergency signals are transmitted and including signals for the recipient to store the unauthorized fingerprint and or the entire or part of the conversation and or communication.
• Control Unit 16.24 if requested by the control unit, based on reception and detection information of the received signal may store the received fingerprint information and or the received communications speech, picture, video or DNA or information in other forms. Authorizing may be performed locally or based upon a remote authorization signal.
• Control Unit 16.24 in certain applications, directs the camera and or video recorder to take pictures and or video clips of the unauthorized transmitter ' s surroundings and add these signals to the intended recipient and to the third party receiver.
• Unit 16.8 and or Unit 16.6 in conjunction with one or more other units 16.1 to 16.13, without the use of unit 16.8 are used for authorized user authentication and signal transmission storage, processing to third parties and to the users devices.
• fingerprint sensor and converter of the fingerprint sensor provided information into signals which can be processed and stored and or analyzed, identified with a particular individual are included for single or multiple fingerprints in Unit 16.8 and or Unit 16.24.
• One or multiple fingerprints are used for single or multiple communication and or control and or location purposes.
• location of a mobile unit is enhanced by providing a fingerprint database having a multiplicity of transmitted fingerprints, each fingerprint in the fingerprint database having an associated unique location.
• Fingerprint information has multiuse benefits, including authentication of authorized use or of unauthorized use , locating the position of the device (mobile device and or stationary device), emergency request and or signal transmission and or storage to third parties, identification of the unauthorized user .
• Fig. 17a contains non-quadrature(non-QUAD) and quadrature modulation (Quad Mod or QUAD mod) multiple modulator exemplary embodiments, including polar modulator structures with and or without selection and or combining and connection of one or more of the modulated signals to one or a plurality of amplifiers and or one or more optional antennas, with and without cross-correlated quadrature modulation implementations for
• BRA Bit Rate Agile
• BRA Bit Rate Adaptive
• MFS Modulation Format Selectable
• RFA radio frequency agile
• Fig. 17b Polar (non Quadrature) exemplary prior art modulator implementation block diagram is shown in this figure
• Fig. 17c An other Non-Quadrature (non-QUAD) exemplary prior art modulator architecture is shown in this figure.
• Fig. 17a is described in more detail in this section. While, the prior art in general and
• FIG. 17a disclosed architectures, structures and embodiments for system configurations and implementations of multiple modulator embodiments, including polar modulator structures with and or without selection and or combining and connection of one or more of the modulated signals to one or a plurality of amplifiers and or one or more optional antennas, with and without cross-correlated quadrature modulation implementations for BRA, MFS, and RFA system implementations having single or multitude of modulators, amplifiers and antennas with selectable single or multiple signal sources, disclosed in conjunction with Fig.17a, Fig.l, Fig.2, Fig.3, Fig.16, Fig.18 , Fig.27 and or other figures and relevant parts of the currently disclosed specifications and claims.
• Fig.17a, Fig.l, Fig.2, Fig.3, Fig.16, Fig.18 , Fig.27 disclosed architectures, structures and embodiments for system configurations and implementations of multiple modulator embodiments, including polar modulator structures with and or without selection and or combining and connection of one or more of the modul
• Unit 17.1 is a single or multiple interface unit for connection of single or multiple signals to one or more signal and or data processor elements, shown as Unit 17.2. While four (4) processor units (boxes) are illustrated, in certain embodiments only one processor is used, while in other embodiments two or more processors are implemented.
• Single or multiple processor(s) provide processed signals to one or more than one (multiple or plurality) of modulator Unit(s) 17.3 for modulation.
• the processed signal or processed multiple signals are provided to single or multiple modulator Unit(s) 17.3.
• the signal connection or multiple connections between the processor(s) 17.2 and modulator(s) 17.3 is/are under the control of a control unit 17.9 and or under the control of an operator.
• One or more of the modulated signals is provided to a first optional modulated signal selector (switch) and or combiner and or splitter unit 17.4.
• One or more outputs of Unit 17.4 are connected to one or a plurality of amplifiers 17.5.
• the amplified signal or signals are connected to the second optional selector, combiner or splitter unit 17.6.
• the outputs of Unit 17.6 are provided to an optional signal interface unit 17.7 and afterwards to one or more optional antennas, Unit 17.8.
• One or multiple quadrature modulator (QUAD mod) implementations and embodiments are used in the embodiments of the quadrature modulators, shown in Fig. 17.
• one or more non- quadrature (non-QUAD) modulators are implemented, in addition to QUAD modulators and or instead of QUAD modulators.
• Some of the non-quadrature modulation structures are known in the prior art as polar modulation, while other non-QUAD modulators are prior art Frequency Modulators (FM), Frequency Shift Keying ( FSK), Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying (GFSK), Amplitude Modulator (AM) systems and devices.
• FM Frequency Modulators
• FSK Frequency Shift Keying
• GFSK Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying
• AM Amplitude Modulator
• Fig.17b is based on Lindoff et al. US patent 6,101 ,224 and Black et al .US pat
• the illustrated non-QUAD modulation technique is also known as polar modulation, since it is based on a polar representation of the baseband signals.
• polar components i.e., amplitude (r) and phase (p) components are used, instead of in-phase (I) and quadrature-phase (Q) components used in quad modulation techniques.
• the source signal (or information signal) to be transmitted is present on connection 17.10.
• the phase component modulates the carrier signal in a phase modulator 17.13, resulting in a phase modulation with constant envelope.
• the amplitude component is converted to an analog signal in a D/A-converter and then fed through a regulator (Reg) 17.14 which adjusts the current or voltage of the signal controlling the power of a power amplifier (PA) 17.15, based on the signal and the output D/A converted signal 17.12 .
• the regulated analog signal modulates the phase modulated carrier signal in the power amplifier 17.15 by controlling the power of the power amplifier.
• the resulting amplified signal is then provided for transmission.
• Fig.l7c shows an exemplary other prior art Non-QUAD modulator.
• the source signal, present on lead 17.16 is provided to a Phase Modulator (PM) or Frequency Modulator (FM), Unit 17.17.
• the PM and/or FM modulated signal is provided to a subsequent Amplitude Modulator (AM) and the AM modulated signal is provided to the transmission medium interface on lead 17.19.
• AM Amplitude Modulator
• Fig. 18 is a location (position) finder, communication and or broadcast and Radio Frequency Identification Detection (RFID) single and or multimode system.
• Unit 18.1 contains one or a plurality of location finder (also designated as position finder) and or tracker interface units or systems, which are satellite based, or land based or based on or in water and or air based.
• location finder also designated as position finder
• tracker interface units or systems which are satellite based, or land based or based on or in water and or air based.
• On water based systems include ships, boats, vessels, buoys, swimmers, floating devices. In water systems include submarines, divers, fish, sharks, creatures and or their attached devices.
• Air based systems are in aircraft such as airplanes, helicopters, Unmanned Vehicles (UV) or in balloons or in birds or in other objects or air based items, including but not limited to rockets, missiles, space shuttles or other items.
• UV Unmanned Vehicles
• Unit 18.1 includes optional communication and or control devices, such as Remote Control (RC) devices.
• RC Remote Control
• One or multiple communication and or control devices are contained in one or more units shown in Fig.18.
• all Units 18.1 to 18.15 include interface and or processor circuits for single or multiple location finders, single or multiple communication and or single or multiple RFID and or single or multiple control.
• Unit 18.2 contains one or more interface and or processing and or modulation -demodulation units for GSM, GPRS, EDGE, TDMA, OFDMA,
• Units 18.3 contains single or multimode wireless or wired transceivers and interconnection between a multitude of units, shown in Fig.18.
• Optional interface units 18.10 and 18.11 provide signals for further processing to one or more interface connections 18.12, 18.13, 18.14 and or 18.15
• Fig. 19 is a Software Defined Radio (SDR), Multiple SDR (MSDR) and Hybrid Defined Radio (HDR) transmitter and receiver embodiment, with single or multiple processors, single and or multiple RF amplifiers and antennas and single or multiple SDR and or non-SDR implementation architectures. While SDR implementations, and embodiments have been disclosed in the prior art, including in exemplary cited references: book by Tuttlebee, W.:" Software Defined Radio: Baseband Technology for
• An exemplary prior art SDR contains an interface unit, such as Unit 19.1, a processor and a Digital to Analog (D/ A) converter,
• Unit 19.2 an RF subsystem consisting of transmit RF amplifier, Unit 19.3, signal connection to and from transmit and or receive antenna, Unit 19.4, in the received signal path an optional RF Band-Pass-Filter (BPF), Unit 19.9, an Analog to Digital Converter (AfD) , Unit 19.8, and a signal processor, Unit 19.7.
• BPF Band-Pass-Filter
• AfD Analog to Digital Converter
• SDR system
• the SDR receiver part consists of one or more SDR receivers and or one or more conventional (non SDR) receiver systems.
• one or more SDR transmitters and or SDR receivers are used in conjunction with one or more non-SDR transmitter or receiver implementations.
• Non- SDR systems are radio systems which are implemented by firmware and hardware components and may include software applications or software processors, such as Digital Signal Processors.
• Systems which incorporate SDR components as well as non- SDR components are designated as Hybrid
• Units 19.4 and 19.12 are transmit and or receive antennas. Additional antennas 19.6 and 19.13 transmit and or receive signals to the SDR and or MSDR and or HDR units.
• All units 19.1 to 19.13 are single units in some embodiments, while all units 19.1 to 19.13 are single or multiple units in other embodiments.
• Unit 19.5 is a control unit for control of one or more units. In certain implementations selected units in Fig.19 are BRA and MFS units, while in other embodiments single and or multiple units are used for transmission of the same bit rate and signal having the same specified modulation format.
• Control unit 19.4 generates and provides control signals to various transmitters and receivers and antennas for the selection and reception of specified signals.
• Fig. 20 contains an interface unit or multiple interface units, set of modulators, amplifiers, selection devices and or combiner devices which provide RF signals to the transmission medium.
• Single or multiple interface units, single or multiple modulation, single or multiple amplification, BRA and MFS structures and implementations are included.
• input lead 20.1 or multiple input leads 20.1 provide an input signal or multiple input signals to single or multiple interface and or processor unit
• Unit 20.2 At the output of Unit 20.2 on one or multiple signal leads quadrature or non- quadrature signals are provided.
• In-phase (I) and quadrature-phase(Q) baseband signals are provided to Unit 20.3a.
• Unit 20.3a is a quadrature modulator which provides in some embodiments cross-correlated I and Q (designated also as I/Q) baseband signals , while in other embodiments there is no cross-correlation provided for the I/Q baseband signals, which are quadrature modulated(QM) in Unit 20.3a.
• Unit 20.3b contains one or more quadrature modulators(QM).
• unit 20.3b The implementation of one or more of the QM, contained in unit 20.3b is in certain embodiments a SDR implementation structure, in some other embodiments it is a MSDR structure, while in certain other embodiments it is a HDR and or it is an other conventional prior art QM structure.
• Units 20.4a and 20.4b are non quadrature modulators.
• One or more of these modulators are embodied by conventional prior art non-quadrature modulators, such as FM, PM or AM or BPSK or FSK or other non SDR architectures, while in certain other embodiments the non-quadrature modulators are implemented by SDR and or by MSDR and or by HDR architectures and or by digital or analog polar modulation structures.
• 20.3b, 20.4a and or 20.4b in certain implementations operate at an Intermediate Frequency(IF) and contain an up-converter unit (frequency translation device) to the desired Radio Frequency (RF).
• One or more of the modulators 20.3a, 20.3b, 20.4a and or 20.4b in certain implementations are Bit Rate Agile or Bit Rate Adaptable(BRA) and or Modulation Format Selectable(MFS) and or Modulation Embodiment Selectable (MES) systems. In certain designs and or embodiments the same modulation format and same bit rate is used, however the modulation embodiment is different.
• a GMSK modulated system uses a Quadrature Modulation(QM) structure for low transmit power applications, while for a high transmit power application it uses a non-quadrature modulation(NQM) , e.g. polar implementation structure.
• QM Quadrature Modulation
• NQM non-quadrature modulation
• the same GMSK modulation format having the same bit rate (or a different bit rate) is switched (or selected) to be transmitted instead in the QM embodiment in a NQM embodiment.
• One or more of the modulators 20.3a, 20.3b, 20.4a and or 20.4b in certain implementations are IF and or RF agile, that is IF and or RF adaptable modulators, having selectable and or adaptable center frequency (and or center frequencies) of the modulated signal(s), which is (are)most suitable for the desired transmission frequency band.
• One or more of the modulators provides signals to one or more optional preamplifiers 20.5a, 20.5b, 20.6a and or 20.6b and or to one or more optional Power
• PA Amplifiers 20.7a, 20.7b, 20.8a and or 20.8b.
• the preamplifiers operate in a linearized or linearly amplified (LINA) mode or in a Non-
• Fig. 21 is an embodiment of a single or multiple transmitter architecture using single or multiple transmitters; the multiple transmitter implementations are also designated as a diversity transmitter. This figure contains some of the elements, disclosed in prior art cited reference Feher's U.S. pat. 6,665,348. On input lead 21.1 there is a single signal or there are multiple signals provided to Unit 21.2.
• Unit 21.2 contains one or more interface circuits and or one or more processors and or one or more splitters and or one or more Serial to Parallel(S/P) conversion circuits and or one or more signal switch (selector) circuits, one or more cross-correlator (XCor) circuits and one or more optional in-phase (I) and Quadrature -Phase (Q) signal processors and or generators.
• Unit 21.3 receives one or more I and Q signals from Unit 21.2.
• one or more signal processors and one or more optional Quadrature Modulators (QM) are implemented. The output processed and or modulated signals are provided to optional units 21.5, 21.7 and
• Amplifiers(PA) and provided to one or more antenna 21.9 and or one or more interface connections 21.12 to interface with one or more communication systems.
• Unit 21.4 receives one or more signals from Unit 21.2.
• Units 21.5, 21.6, 21.7, 21.8, 21.10 and 21.12 are optional amplifiers, antennas and or interface points.
• Fig.22 is a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) system.
• MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output
• the quadrature inputs are designated as I m and Q m
• the m subscript indicating that there are m input quadrature signals, where m is an integer m l,2,3...In unit 22.3
• the processor(s) process baseband signals into suitable baseband formats for subsequent single or plurality of signal selections for subsequent modulation of CDMA 5 WCDMA, EvDo, GSM, GPRS, EDGE, OFDM, TDMA or Video
• One or multiple modulators, implemented in Unit 22.3 receive one or more of these signals and modulate them in single or multiple non-quadrature or quadrature modulator embodiments.
• One or multiple optional amplifiers embodied in optional unit 22.4a are connected by optional single or multiple switching or splitting elements 22.4b, 22.5a or 22.5b to one or more antennas, shown as an antenna array, Unit 22.6 and or to an optional RF unit 22.7.
• Unit 22.7 contains an RF interface point and or one or more RF switching, combining, duplexer or diplexer and or splitter units.
• RF unit 22.7 is connected to output interface point 22.8 and
• I and Q inputs I/Q inputs
• processors modulators
• optional amplifiers RF combiners or RF switching elements and antennas, as embodied in one or more of the configurations and connection of selected elements of
• Fig.22 distinguishes the embodiments from prior art.
• Fig. 23 is a Single Input Multiple Output (SIMO), Multiple Input Multiple Output
• MIMO Multiple Input Single Output
• MISO Multiple Input Single Output
• the configuration with multiple antennas is also known as a system with antenna arrays and or a diversity system.
• On input lead or multiple input leads 23.1 one or multiple signals are connected to single or multiple interface Unit 23.2.
• BBP baseband processors
• One or plurality of signals is present on connections(or leads) designated as 1,2,..M.
• One or more of these signals are connected to one or more modulators, contained in Unit 23.3. These modulators designated as Mod.l, Mod.2...
• Mod.M modulate one or more input signals and provide the modulated signals to one or more optional amplifiers, contained in Unit 23.4 Through optional switching elements 23.6, designated as SwI, Sw2...SwM one or more modulated signals are provided to one or more optional antennas 23.5
• RF Unit 23.7 (Ant.l, Ant.2..Ant.N) and or RF Unit 23.7.
• the number of embodied modulators in certain implementations is the same as the number of switches and antennas in Unit 23.5, while in other embodiments it is different.
• In Unit 23.7 there is an RF interface and optional RF combiner, splitter or switch unit for providing one or more RF signals to the subsequent single or multiple RF interface unit 23.9 and or optional single or multiple antenna 23.8.
• Fig. 24 is an antenna array implementing Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and or Single Input Multiple Output (SIMO) and or Multiple Input Single Output (MISO) communication, position finding and broadcasting transmission-reception system, including transmit antenna diversity and receive antenna diversity systems. While the system contains elements of one or more Feher's prior art references, e.g. Feher's US pat.
• Unit 24.2 in certain embodiments includes transmit processors, while in other embodiments it includes transmit and or receive processors.
• the received RF modulated signals on connection 24.1 are provided by one or more disclosed embodiments in the description of previous or subsequent figures of this disclosure.
• One or multiple transmit antennas contained in Unit 24.3 are connected to one or more RF modulated signals.
• Single or multiple receivers have a single or multiple antennas, embodied in unit 24.4.
• transmit and receive components including connections /leads, interface units, processors and antennas are the same components, or are at the same location, while in other implementations the transmit and receive components are distinct physical units, while in some alternate implementations certain transmit and receive components are contained in the same physical units, while certain other transmit and receive components are distinct units.
• On receive single or multiple connections 24.5 one or more signals from the receiver antennas are connected to optional receive RF interface unit 24.6 which contains optional combiner, selector or switch or other RF signal processors and or RF processors combined with frequency down conversion components , IF processors and baseband processors.
• Single or multiple output signals are provided on output connection lead 24.7 Out 1 to Out N.
• Fig. 25 Software Defined Radio (SDR) and Hybrid Defined Radio (HDR) systems for
• MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output
• SIMO Single Input Multiple Output
• MISO Multiple Input Single Output
• units 25.1, 25.5 and or 25.9 receive signals from one or multiple sources, for example from a location finder and or tracker source, a communications device, a remote controller, multiple remote controllers, an RFID device, a patient monitoring device, a video source, a video broadcasting source, video conferencing source, a source providing video clips, cellevision (cellular television), mobile vision, WiFi , WiMax an alarm monitor, a camera, a source providing data for credit card verification and or credit card transactions, a source providing bank transactions , a source providing electronic commerce signals /data and or other sources.
• sources for example from a location finder and or tracker source, a communications device, a remote controller, multiple remote controllers, an RFID device, a patient monitoring device, a video source, a video broadcasting source, video conferencing source, a source providing video clips, cellevision (cellular television), mobile vision, WiFi , WiMax an alarm monitor, a camera, a source providing data for credit card verification and or credit card transactions, a source providing bank transactions ,
• SDR Digital to Analog
• DAC Digital to Analog
• DAC Digital to Analog
• one or more signals and or D/A converted signals are provided to one or multiple RF processing units 25.3 and/or 25.7 or 25.11.
• the RF processed and or RF amplified outputs, of the SDR units, are provided to single or multiple transmit interface units or single or multiple transmit antennas, designated as Out 25.4 and 25.8.
• IF Intermediate Frequency
• RF signals are further processed in optional unit 25.10 and provided to single or multiple transmit interface units or single or multiple transmit antennas, designated as Out 25.11.
• Units 25.9, 25.10 and 25.11 are part of a single or multiple conventional radio transmitter implementation, in other words these units are not part of a SDR. Since Units 25.1 to 25.8 are part of single or multiple SDR transmitters, and Units 25.9 to 25.11 of a conventional Radio Transmitter (Tx), the combinations of SDR and conventional radio transmitters are designated as Hybrid Defined Radio (HDR) systems.
• HDR Hybrid Defined Radio
• One or multiple input signals are connected to one or more SDR and or one or more conventional radio systems parts of the HDR.
• In the receiver section of the HDR on leads 25.12, 25.17 and 25.22 single or multiple RF signals are received from single or multiple antennas.
• BPF Band Pass Filters
• AIO Analog to Digital Converters
• ADC Analog to Digital Converters
• Units 25.16, 25.21 and 25.26 are single or multiple embodiments of signal interface processor elements which provide single or multiple output signals on output leads 25.16, 25.21 and 25.26 respectively.
• Fig. 26 is an information monitoring processing and communication system.
• This system in certain application may include a patient monitor system.
• This information processing and transmission of diagnostics signals, other signals including DNA, fingerprint information and or photo or video clips for single and or multiple systems is implemented in this figure.
• Signal sources include single or multiple sources including one or more of sensors, probes or resultant signals from medical procedures or other procedure provided signals to one or more interface Units 26.1 to 26.6.
• the signal sources could contain one or more devices which provide signals from medical devices, sensors, probes or equipment, from diagnostics and or measurement of blood pressure, or other blood diagnostics, skin diagnostics , diagnostics of internal medicine information, body temperature, ECG, Electro Cardiogram or other sensors, information signals obtained during surgery or post surgery, arterial blood, gas or heart pacemaker, glucose,
• MRI magnetic resonance imaging
• fingerprint other medical or diagnostics information signals
• DNA or other sources such as photo or video or sound signals or a combination of the signal sources.
• the signals and/or signal sources could also include: blood pressure or other blood diagnostics containing signals ,urine, stool, skin signals ECG, glucose body temperature arterial blood gas sensor provided signals, signals containing DNA, fingerprint or photo or video signals and or video clip signals.
• blood pressure or other blood diagnostics containing signals ,urine, stool, skin signals ECG, glucose body temperature arterial blood gas sensor provided signals, signals containing DNA, fingerprint or photo or video signals and or video clip signals.
• probes and other medical devices are attached and or connected or inserted in parts of the body of a patient and these devices, in certain implementations are integrated into one product.
• the said product could includes one or more or all the elements shown in Fig. 26 and such integrated product enables providing medical information containing signals by wireless means, instead the use of prior art cables and or other physical cumbersome devices.
• Units 26.7 to 26.11 are amplifier or signal processor or signal transformer devices or transducers , e.g.
• Unit 26.13 contains single or multiple processors and or single or multiple signal modulators for modulation and connection of one or more modulated signals to the single or multiple signal transmitters,
• Unit 26.14 Single or multiple signal transmitters 26.14 provide signals to one or more transmit interface output elements 26.15 and or 26.16.
• control and information signals are provided to various units of Fig.26.
• the purpose of this reverse path control signals is to enable changing some of the processing means of signal parameters, signal transmission formats and methods and in certain medically authorized cases to change the medical treatment, e.g. quantity or speed of oxygen flow or of pain relievers, medication or other.
• the reverse control signal path may include a push to talk (PTT) option and in certain cases includes other sets of signals, e.g. an emergency physician's orders regarding patient's treatment in a mobile emergency vehicle, or orders for patient care at a remote facility.
• PTT push to talk
• Fig. 27 is a Universal System including one or multiple Remote Control or Universal Remote Control(URC) devices, including wireless door opener and or ignition starter, or window opener of an automobile or motor cycle or of other mobile devices, garage door or home door opener and or locking control, control of home or office appliances, turn off or turn on of computers or other wired or wireless devices , alarm systems and of other systems including monitoring devices and or directivity and or recording parameters of monitoring devices.
• URC Remote Control
• Optional connection and or communication or control between devices, shown in Fig.27 and Units shown in Fig.16, and or other figures, e.g. medical devices shown in Fig. 26 is provided by wired or wireless connections 27.9.
• Unit 27.1 is an interface device and or a processor device and or sensor and or signal generator device and or a communication device for single or multiple signal transmission to and reception from single or multiple antennas 27.2.
• Unit 27.3 is a cellular phone (cellphone) and or other wireless or mobile or portable device containing signal interface units, processors, transmitters, receivers and connections to transmit and receive antennas (not shown in the figure) and providing /receiving signals on leads 27.4 containing audio and or television , radio or CD player and or video screen information
• Wired and or wireless connections 27.6 and 27.7 provide additional communication, processing and control means between units 27.3 and 27.5 and
• Unit 27.8 contains a Bluetooth or other wireless device.
• Unit 27.3 is equipped to provide signal repeater operations.
• the term signal repeater means that the repeater device processes and or amplifies the signal, received from an other transmitter; following reception of the transmitted signal, the signal is provided for processing and amplification for subsequent transmission.
• Fig. 28 is a test and measurement instrumentation system within a wireless multi-mode system.
• Single or plurality of antennas 28.1, 28.4, 28.6 and 28.8 receive /transmit signals from/to single or multiple transceivers 28.2, 28.5, 28.7 and 28.9 respectively. These transceivers are in certain cases parts of base station units and or of mobile units.
• Wired and or wireless connections 28.10 provide control and communications signals between one or more or all units shown in Fig.28.
• Test signals are generated in Unit 28.9. These test signals are for performance measurement, testing and verification of one or multiple system performance parameters and or system specifications. In certain cases entire Unit
• Fig. 29 is an implementation of single or multiple cellular phones, or of other mobile devices, communicating with single or multiple Base Station Transceiver (BST) having single or plurality of antennas.
• BST Base Station Transceiver
• the BST are collocated in some of the implementations, while in others they are at different locations.
• Single or multiple antennas 29.1 and or 29.4 transmit and or receive signals to/from single or multiple BST 29.2 and 29.5.
• 29.8 contains one or more cellular phones and or other wireless or other communication devices.
• Single or multiple antennas 29.7 receive and or transmit and connect signals to or from Unit 29.8, also designated here as the mobile unit.
• BST 29.2 and or BST 29.5 contain one or more transmitters-receivers(T/R or transceivers) for WCDMA signals and or CDMA signals and or transceivers for GSM or GPRS and or EDGE signals and or OFDM signals or other spread spectrum signals.
• Unit 29.8 contains one or more cellular phones and or other wireless or other communication devices.
• Single or multiple antennas 29.7 receive and or transmit and connect signals to or from Unit 29.8, also designated here as the mobile unit.
• BST 29.2 and or BST 29.5 contain one or more transmitters-receivers(T/R or transceivers) for WCDMA signals and or CDMA signals and or transceivers for GSM or GPRS and or EDGE signals and or OFDM signals or other spread spectrum signals.
• FIG. 29.8 contains one or more transceivers.
• mobile Unit 29.8 and or any of the BST units are connected in a repeater mode.
• the repeater mode is used to enhance signal coverage area by amplifying and retransmitting the received signal.
• Fig. 30 shows a cardiac stimulation device, a heart and a block diagram of a single - chamber and or a dual-chamber pacemaker with a single or multiple wireless communications and control systems of the present invention. Exemplary prior art single-chamber pacemaker and/or dual-chamber pacemaker and implantable cardiac stimulation devices are described in U.S. Pat.
• the pacemaker and implantable cardiac stimulation device is coupled to a heart 30.1 by way of leads 30.4a and 30.4b, lead 30.4a having an electrode 30.2 that is in contact with one of the atria of the heart, and lead 30.4b having an electrode 30.3 that is in contact with one of the ventricles of the heart.
• Leads 30.4a and 30.4b are connected to the pacemaker through a connection interface and or processor unit 30.5 that forms part of the pacemaker and implantable cardiac stimulation device.
• unit 30.1 contains other body parts or other body organs than the heart, for example unit 30.1 may be the kidney, limb, head, skin or a vessel while Unit 30.2 and Unit 30.3 a device or a medical probe or an other device than an electrode.
• Unit 30.6 contains single or multiple leads for connection of single or multiple signals between Unit 30.5 and 30.7.
• unit 30.5 represents an interface connector or connection, and or some signal processing between leads 30.4a and 30.4b and Unit 30.7, while in other embodiments unit 30.5 contains a microprocessor for detection of signals received from Unit 30.7, for generation of control signals for the operation and/or modification of the parameters of the cardiac stimulation device-heart pacemaker, pulse generator, amplifiers , processors , memory ,sensors, battery and other components for the operation , control and modification of operating conditions of the pacemaker and or of other medical parameters. In some implementations Unit 30.5 contains stimulating pulse generators for atrial pulse generation and ventricular pulse generation, one or more detection circuits and amplifiers.
• One of the amplifiers, contained in Unit 30.5 is typically configured to detect an evoked response from the heart 30.1 in response to an applied stimulus, thereby aiding in the detection of "capture.” Capture occurs when an electrical stimulus applied to the heart is of sufficient energy to depolarize the cardiac tissue, thereby causing the heart muscle to contract, or in other words, causing the heart to beat. Capture does not occur when an electrical stimulus applied to the heart is of insufficient energy to depolarize the cardiac tissue.
• Unit 30.5 of the current invention may contain a protection circuit for protecting the pacemaker from excessive shocks or voltages that could appear on the electrodes 30.2 and/or 30.3 in the event such electrodes were to come in contact with a high voltage signal, for example, from a defibrillation shock.
• Unit 30.7 comprises one or more transmitters or receivers and/or transmitters and receivers, also known as transceivers (T/R), for transmission and or reception of one or multiple signals connected by leads 30.8 and or 30.11 to Unit 30.10 and or Unit 30.12.
• T/R transceivers
• the single or multiple transceivers of Unit 30.7 contain in certain embodiments one or multiple modulation format selectable (MFS) and or/ code selectable embodiments, such as previously described, e.g. GSM, WCDMA, spread spectrum, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi EDGE or other system specified modulation formats.
• MFS modulation format selectable
• code selectable embodiments such as previously described, e.g. GSM, WCDMA, spread spectrum, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi EDGE or other system specified modulation formats.
• notch filter also known as band stop filter, having an input and output that blocks predetermined Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) signals .
• Unit 30.10 contains interface circuitry and or connection circuitry-leads to one or multiple antennas 30.9.
• Unit 30.12 is an interface connection for transmission and or reception of signals.
• the pacemaker further includes magnet detection circuitry. It is the purpose of the magnet detection circuitry to detect when a magnet is placed over the pacemaker, which magnet may be used by a physician or other medical personnel to perform various reset functions of the pacemaker.
• the prior art pacemaker control requires magnet detection circuit for magnet controlled pacemaker parameters.
• magnet dependent operation /change of parameters of pacemakers is in many cases causing difficulties and or even rendering impossible to have Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), and/or Magnetic Resonance
• the current invention magnetic detection and magnet control of pacemaker is replaced by wireless signal detection and based on the detected wireless signals and processing of said wireless detected signals (received from a physician operated wireless transmitter) control signals are generated to control the parameters and operation of the pacemaker.
• the current invention provides new structures and embodiments of multiuse and/or multimode wired and or wireless transmitters and receivers, without need of magnetic coupling for adjusting or resetting the parameters of cardiac stimulation e.g. heart pacemaker devices and or other medical devices.
• An advantage of the presented embodiments is that the stimulation devices can continue to operate even in emergency rooms or other environments where the patient is having Magnetic Resonant Imaging (MRI) diagnostic tests.
• MRI Magnetic Resonant Imaging
• a first embodiment (1) is a location finder and communication system comprising: two or more antennas or receive ports for receiving location determining signals from two or more location determining transmitters; two or more receivers for processing of said location determining signal; a selector or combiner device for selection or combining of one or more of the received location determining signals; two or more communication transmitters; connection circuitry for connecting the selected or the combined processed location determining signal to one or more communication transmitters; a control and selection device for selection and connection of said location determining signals to one or more of said communication transmitters.
• a second embodiment (2) provides a location finder and modulation-demodulation (modem) format selectable (MFS) and bit rate agile (BRA) communication system comprising: one or more receive ports for receiving location determining signals from one or more location determining transmitters; one or more receivers and demodulators for reception and demodulation of said location determining signals to baseband signals; a selector for selection of one or more of the baseband signals; connection circuitry for connecting the selected baseband signal to one or a plurality of transmitters; two or more communication transmitters; a baseband signal interface circuit for interfacing and receiving the selected baseband signal; a cross-correlator circuit for processing the baseband signal provided by said baseband interface circuit and for generation of cross- correlated baseband signals; a shaped Time Constrained Signal (TCS) wavelet processor and bit rate agile Long Response (LR) filter for providing shaped and filtered signals in in-phase and quadrature-phase baseband channels; a modulation-demodulation (modem) format selectable or code selectable baseband structure for providing
• a third embodiment (3) provides a location finding and communication system comprising: two or more receive ports for receiving either location finding signals and or other than location finding signals from either one or more location determining transmitters or from one or more other than location finding signal transmitters; one or more receivers and demodulators for receiving and demodulating said location finding signals to baseband signals; one or more receivers and demodulators for receiving and demodulating said other than location finding signals to baseband signals; a selector or combiner device for selection or combining of one or multiple baseband signals; two or more signal modulators; connection circuitry for connecting the selected or the combined single or multiple baseband signals to one or more of said signal modulators; a signal processing network for receiving the baseband signals from the connection circuitry and for providing cross-correlated in-phase and quadrature-phase baseband signals at a first specified bit rate; a signal processing network for receiving the selected or combined baseband signal and for providing a filtered signal at a second specified bit rate; and a selector for selecting either the cross-correlated signals, the filtered signal, or both the
• a fourth (4) implementation is a radio frequency identification (RFID) locator and communicator system comprising: one or more than one antennas for receiving Radio
• RFID radio frequency identification
• TCS Time Constrained Signal
• LR Long Response
• a fifth embodiment (5) is a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and communication system comprising a receiver for reception and demodulation of RFID transmitted signals to baseband signals; a cross-correlator for processing of said baseband signals for generation of cross-correlated in-phase and quadrature-phase baseband signals; and a modulator for quadrature modulation of the in-phase and quadrature-phase baseband signals.
• RFID Radio Frequency Identification
• a sixth embodiment (6) is a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and communication system, the improvement comprising: one or more receivers and one or more demodulators for reception and demodulation of RFID transmitted signals to baseband signals and for providing said baseband signals to a spread spectrum baseband processor and subsequent quadrature modulator for quadrature modulation of baseband spread spectrum signals and to a baseband filter and subsequent modulator for modulation of the said baseband filtered signal; and a connection circuit for providing either the spread spectrum modulated signal or the filtered modulated signal or both the modulated spread spectrum signal and the filtered modulated signals to one or more than one transmitters for transmission of the spread spectrum modulated and or the filtered modulated signals.
• a seventh embodiment (7) is a location finder and Radio Frequency Identification
• RFID Radio Frequency
• RFID Identification
• RFID signals from one or more than one location finder and or RFID transmitters; one or more receivers and demodulators for reception and demodulation of either said modulated RF or RFID signals to baseband signals; a signal processing network for receiving said baseband signals and for providing cross-correlated in-phase and quadrature-phase baseband signals at a first specified bit rate; a signal processing network for receiving said baseband signals and for providing a filtered signal at a second specified bit rate; a selector for selecting either the cross-correlated signals or the filtered signal or both the cross-correlated signals and the filtered signal; and a connection circuit for providing the selected signals to one or more modulators for signal modulation.
• An eighth embodiment (8) comprises a location finder and communication system having two or more antennas for receiving modulated Radio Frequency (RF) location finder signals and communication signals from three or more location finder and communication system transmitters; two or more receivers and demodulators for reception and demodulation of said modulated RF signals to baseband signals; a signal processing network for receiving said baseband signals and for providing cross-correlated in-phase and quadrature-phase baseband signals at a first specified bit rate; a signal processing network for receiving said baseband signals and for providing a filtered signal at a second specified bit rate; a selector for selecting either the cross-correlated signals or the filtered signal or both the cross-correlated signals and the filtered signal; a connection circuit for providing the selected signals to one or more than one modulators for signal modulation; and a connection circuit for providing the modulated signals to two or more than two amplifiers and two or more than two antennas for amplification and transmission of the amplified modulated signals.
• RF Radio Frequency
• a ninth embodiment (9) provides a location finder and communication system comprising: one or more receive ports for receiving modulated location finder signals from one or more location finder and communication system transmitters; one or more receivers and demodulators for reception and demodulation of said modulated signals to baseband signals; a signal processing network for receiving said baseband signals and for providing cross-correlated in-phase and quadrature-phase baseband signals at a first specified bit rate; a first quadrature modulator for quadrature modulating the cross- correlated signal; a filter for filtering a second bit rate signal, said second bit rate signal having a different bit rate than the first bit rate signal, and providing a filtered baseband signal; a second modulator for modulating the filtered baseband signal; and switch circuitry for selecting and connecting either the cross-correlated first bit rate modulated signal or the filtered second bit rate modulated signal to a transmitter.
• a tenth embodiment (10) is a barcode reader, location finder and communication system comprising: a barcode reader for reading bar-coded information and processing said bar-coded information into electrical signals; one or more receive ports for receiving modulated location finder signals from one or more location finder and communication system transmitters; one or more receivers and demodulators for reception and demodulation of said modulated signals to baseband signals; a signal processing network for receiving and processing said baseband signals and said bar-coded electrical signals and for providing in-phase and quadrature-phase baseband signals; a filter for filtering said baseband signals and said bar-coded electrical signals and for providing filtered baseband signals and said bar-coded electrical signals; a first quadrature modulator for quadrature modulating the in-phase and quadrature-phase baseband signals; a second modulator for modulating the said filtered baseband and said bar-coded electrical signals; and switch circuitry for selecting and connecting either the quadrature modulated or the filtered modulated signal to a transmitter.
• An eleventh embodiment (11) is a stimulation device and communication system comprising: leads for carrying stimulation pulses to and or from one or more electrodes; a pulse generator configured to generate stimulation pulses and for providing said pulses by said leads to the electrodes; an interface circuit and/or processor for connection of said stimulation pulses to and/or from one or more wireless transmitter-receiver (T/R) circuits for transmission and/or reception ot one or more wireless signals; and a control circuit coupled to one or more of said wireless transmitter-receiver circuits, said control circuit comprising a control signal generator for generating control signals for controlling operation parameters of the implantable cardiac stimulation device .
• T/R wireless transmitter-receiver
• a twelfth embodiment (12) provides a cardiac stimulation and communication system comprising: a pulse generator and processor for processing the stimulation pulses to and/or from one or more electrodes, said electrodes located in a heart; a signal processing network for receiving said stimulation pulses and for providing cross- correlated in-phase and quadrature-phase baseband signals; a signal processing network for receiving said stimulation pulses and for providing a filtered baseband signal; and a selector for selecting either the cross-correlated signals or the filtered signal or both the cross-correlated signals and the filtered signal; and providing the selected signals to one or more modulators for signal modulation. 13.
• a thirteenth embodiment (13) provides an implantable cardiac stimulation and modulation system comprising: a processor for processing stimulation pulses to and/or from one or more electrodes; a signal processing network for receiving said stimulation pulses and for providing in-phase and quadrature-phase baseband signals; a signal processing network for receiving said stimulation pulses and for providing a filtered baseband signal; and a selector for selecting either the in-phase and quadrature-phase baseband signals or the filtered signal or both the in-phase and quadrature-phase baseband signals and the filtered signal; and providing the selected signals to one or more modulators for signal modulation.
• a fourteenth embodiment (14) provides a medical diagnostic and communication system comprising: a processor for processing signals received from one or more medical diagnostic devices; a first signal processing network for receiving said processed signals and for providing in-phase and quadrature-phase baseband signals; a second signal processing network for receiving said processed signals and for providing a filtered baseband signal; and a selector for selecting either the in-phase and quadrature-phase baseband signals or the filtered baseband signal or both the in-phase and quadrature- phase baseband signals and the filtered signal; and providing the selected signals to one or more modulators for signal modulation.
• a processor for processing signals received from one or more medical diagnostic devices
• a first signal processing network for receiving said processed signals and for providing in-phase and quadrature-phase baseband signals
• a second signal processing network for receiving said processed signals and for providing a filtered baseband signal
• a selector for selecting either the in-phase and quadrature-phase baseband signals or the filtered baseband signal or both the in-phase and quadrature- phase
• a fifteenth embodiment is a medical diagnostic and communication system comprising: a processor for processing signals received from one or more medical diagnostic devices; a first signal processing network for receiving said processed signals and for providing baseband signals having a first specified bit rate; a second signal processing network for receiving said processed signals and for providing baseband signals having a second specified bit rate; and a selector for selecting either the first specified bit rate signal or the second specified bit rate signal or both the first specified bit rate signal and the second specified bit rate signal; and providing the selected signals to one or more modulators for signal modulation. 16.
• a sixteenth embodiment (16) is a medical and diagnostic communication system, the improvement comprising: a transmitter of signals generated by a medical device; a receiver for reception and processing of said medical device generated signals to baseband signals; circuitry for processing said baseband signals for generation of in- phase and quadrature-phase spread spectrum baseband signals; and a modulator for quadrature modulation of the in-phase and quadrature-phase baseband spread spectrum signals.
• a seventeenth embodiment (17) is a stimulation device and communication system comprising: leads for carrying stimulating pulses to and or from one or more electrodes; a pulse generator configured to generate stimulation pulses and for providing said pulses by said leads to the electrodes; an interface circuit and/or processor for connection of said stimulating pulses to and/or from one ore more spread spectrum transmitter-receiver (T/R) circuits for transmission and/or reception of one or more spread spectrum signals; a control circuit coupled to one or more of said spread spectrum transmitter-receiver circuits and the said pulse generator and further arranged to process and detect one or more received signals; and said control circuit having a control signal generator for controlling the operation parameters of the stimulation device.
• T/R spread spectrum transmitter-receiver
• An eighteenth embodiment (18) provides a multiple modulator system comprising: a fingerprint sensor, detection, identification and processing device for processing one or multiple fingerprint information to activate one or multiple modulators for signal transmission; a location information receiver and processor for receiving and processing the location of the user; a processor device for processing and combining the location information and fingerprint information activated signals with an additional user signal, said user signal comprising a signal generated by a user and providing the processed signals to a first and or to a second modulator; a first modulator for spread spectrum encoding and modulating the processed baseband signals; a second modulator for filtering and modulating the processed baseband signals; a connection circuit for providing either the spread spectrum modulated signal or the filtered modulated signal or both the spread spectrum modulated signal and the filtered modulated signal to one or more transmitters for signal transmission.
• a nineteenth embodiment (19) is a dual modulation transmitter apparatus comprising: a fingerprint sensor, detection, identification and processing device for processing one or multiple fingerprints to activate a modulator for signal transmission; a location information receiver and processor for receiving and processing the location of the user; a processor device for processing and combining the location information and fingerprint activated signals with additional user signals and providing the processed, r baseband signals to a first and to a second modulator; a first modulator for spread spectrum encoding and modulating the processed baseband signals; a second modulator for filtering and modulating the processed baseband signals; a connection circuit for providing either the spread spectrum modulated signal or the filtered modulated signal or both the modulated spread spectrum signal and the modulated filtered signals to one or more antennas for signal transmission.
• a twentieth embodiment (20) provides a multiple purpose system comprising: a fingerprint sensor, detection, identification and processing device for processing one or multiple fingerprints to activate one or multiple fingerprint generated signals for modulation and for signal transmission; a location information receiver and processor for receiving and processing the location of the user; a processor device for processing and combining the location information and fingerprint activated signals with additional user signals, said user signals comprising a signal generated by a user, and providing a processed baseband signal to a first and to a second modulator; a first modulator for quadrature modulating the processed baseband signals; a second modulator for filtering and modulating the processed baseband signals; a connection circuit for providing either the quadrature modulated signal or the filtered modulated signal or both the quadrature modulated signal and the modulated tiltered signals to one or more antennas for signal transmission.
• a twenty-first embodiment (21) is a multiple path transmitter system comprising: a fingerprint sensor, detection, identification and processing device for processing one or multiple fingerprints to activate one or multiple modulators for signal transmission; a location information receiver and processor for receiving and processing the location of the user; a processor device for processing and combining the location information and fingerprint activated signals with additional user signals and providing the processed, baseband signals to a first and to a second modulator; a first modulator cross-correlating and for quadrature modulating the processed baseband signals; a second modulator for filtering and modulating the processed baseband signals; a connection circuit for providing either the quadrature modulated signal or the filtered modulated signal or both the quadrature modulated signal and the modulated filtered signals to one or more antennas for signal transmission.
• a twenty-second embodiment (22) provides a multiple modulator system comprising: a fingerprint sensor, detection, identification and processing device for processing one or multiple fingerprint information to activate one or multiple modulators for signal transmission; a location information receiver and processor for receiving and processing the location of the user; a processor device for processing and combining the location information and fingerprint information activated signals with an additional user signal, said user signal comprising a signal generated by a user and providing the processed signals to a first and to a second modulator; a first modulator cross-correlating and for quadrature modulating the processed signals; a second modulator for filtering and modulating the processed signals; a connection circuit for providing either the quadrature modulated signal or the filtered modulated signal or both the quadrature modulated signal and the modulated filtered signals to two or more transmitters for signal transmission.
• a twenty-third embodiment (23) is a multi path communication apparatus comprising: a user detection and authentication device for identifying a user, processing the detected authentication identification of the user, and generating authentication information signals; a first signal path including a modulator coupled to said information signals and to an other user generated input signal, said input signal comprising a signal generated by a user; a second signal path including a cross-correlator for generation of in-phase (I) and quadrature-phase (Q) cross-correlated baseband signals from said information signals and or from said user generated signals, and a quadrature modulator coupled to said cross-correlated baseband signals; a third signal path coupled to a transmitter; and a switch or combiner configured to couple the third signal path to the first signal path under a first condition, to couple the third signal path to the second signal path under a second condition, or to couple the third signal path to both the first signal path and the second signal path under a third condition.
• a twenty-fourth embodiment (24) is system comprising: a user detection and authentication device for identifying a user, processing the detected authentication identification of the user, and generating authentication information signals; a first signal path including a modulator coupled to said information signals and to an other user generated input signal, said input signal comprising a signal generated by a user; a second signal path including a quadrature modulator coupled to said information and or other user generated signal; and a switch or combiner configured to couple the first signal path under a first condition, or the second signal path under a second condition, or the third signal path under a third condition to the transmitter for signal transmission.
• the invention further provides methods and procedures performed by the structures, devices, apparatus, and systems described herein before, as well as other embodiments incorporating combinations and subcombinations of the structures highlighted above and described herein.
• All publications including patents, pending patents and reports listed or mentioned in these publications and/or in this patent/invention are herein incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each publication or report, or patent or pending patent and/or references listed in these publications, reports, patents or pending patents were specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference.

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• 2005
  • 2005-10-06 AU AU2005335219A patent/AU2005335219B2/en not_active Ceased
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  • 2005-10-06 KR KR1020087002382A patent/KR20080031348A/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2005-10-06 DE DE212005000081U patent/DE212005000081U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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  • 2005-10-06 WO PCT/US2005/035931 patent/WO2007018566A2/en active Application Filing
• 2008
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