WO2007017017A1 - Procédé de lavage à contre-courant de membranes capillaires d’un système à membranes - Google Patents

Procédé de lavage à contre-courant de membranes capillaires d’un système à membranes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007017017A1
WO2007017017A1 PCT/EP2006/006433 EP2006006433W WO2007017017A1 WO 2007017017 A1 WO2007017017 A1 WO 2007017017A1 EP 2006006433 W EP2006006433 W EP 2006006433W WO 2007017017 A1 WO2007017017 A1 WO 2007017017A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
capillary membranes
fluid
backwashing
membranes
permeate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2006/006433
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Christoph Kullmann
Dirk Volmering
Klaus Vossenkaul
Original Assignee
Koch Membrane Systems Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Koch Membrane Systems Gmbh filed Critical Koch Membrane Systems Gmbh
Publication of WO2007017017A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007017017A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/02—Hollow fibre modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D65/08—Prevention of membrane fouling or of concentration polarisation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
    • B01D2311/14—Pressure control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2315/00—Details relating to the membrane module operation
    • B01D2315/06—Submerged-type; Immersion type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2317/00—Membrane module arrangements within a plant or an apparatus
    • B01D2317/04—Elements in parallel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2317/00—Membrane module arrangements within a plant or an apparatus
    • B01D2317/06—Use of membrane modules of the same kind
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
    • B01D2321/04—Backflushing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
    • B01D2321/12—Use of permeate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for backwashing capillary membranes of a membrane system that are connected with at least one open end that serves the permeate discharge with a permeate space of the membrane system, and, on the outside, are surrounded by a fluid that is to be filtrated.
  • Membrane systems for membrane filtration are used, among other things, for drinking water treatment and purification of municipal sewage and industrial wastewater.
  • the capillary membranes have a diameter of less than 5 mm, a diameter range between 0.5 mm and 3 mm being preferred for many applications.
  • a fluid that is to be purified flows around the outside of the capillary membranes or the capillary membranes are immersed in a tank containing the fluid to be purified.
  • the driving force for the membrane filtration is a pressure differential that can be realized by excess pressure on the side of the untreated water and/or by a pressure reduction on the side of the permeate.
  • the purified fluid, the permeate discharges on the inside of the capillary membranes and reaches a permeate space, that is designed with an outlet for the permeate, at the open end of the capillary membranes.
  • the capillary membranes soil in the course of the operating period.
  • a backwashing of the capillary membranes takes place in specified intervals.
  • a cleaning fluid is hereby supplied under pressure to the permeate space of the membrane system, streams into the capillary membranes, and permeates through the capillary membranes to the outside.
  • the backwashing that is the reversal of the permeate flow, covering layers that adhere to the capillary membranes are dissolved and soilings are removed from the pores of the membranes.
  • the cleaning action of the backwashing is not only dependent upon the duration of backwashing, the type and concentration of the cleaning chemicals, as well as the temperature, but also depends on the process conduct during backwashing. Particularly in practice, an operating mode is customary, wherein the permeate space is first filled with cleaning fluid and, subsequently, a specified fluid amount is displaced to the outside through the membrane walls of the capillary membranes by means of several short backwash pulses. An exposure time of several minutes without pressurization of the cleaning fluid is allowed for between the backwash pulses.
  • the cleaning cycle comprising several backwash pulses is mostly repeated in intervals between one week and several weeks.
  • the backwashing method operating by means of backwash pulses cannot prevent that the penetrability of the membranes, that is referred to as permeability, decreases in the course of time, significant differences with respect to the permeability in the longitudinal direction of the capillary membranes being noticeable.
  • the permeability of the capillary membranes decreases with increasing distance from the open end of the capillary membranes.
  • the invention starts with the realization that the changing permeability of the capillary membranes results from the operating mode during backwashing.
  • a bundle of capillary membranes has a larger membrane surface. During exposure time, a portion of the cleaning fluid leaves the membranes by diffusion or the concentration of the cleaning chemicals is diluted by fluid entering from outside.
  • the object to give a method for backwashing capillary membranes that guarantees an effective cleaning of the capillary membranes over their entire length with as low a consumption of cleaning fluid as possible.
  • the backwashing method should also be suitable for membrane modules, the capillary membranes of which are only open at one end.
  • Subject matter of the invention and solution of this object is a method for backwashing capillary membranes according to claim 1.
  • the permeate space is filled with a cleaning fluid containing cleaning chemicals, and the fluid contained in the capillary membranes is displaced.
  • a portion of the cleaning fluid is displaced through the membrane walls of the capillary membranes into the fluid to be filtrated, a small continuous backwash volume stream through the membranes being established that is adjusted in such a way that the concentration of the cleaning chemicals in the longitudinal direction of the capillary membranes remains essentially constant during the backwashing operation.
  • a constant backwash volume stream is established.
  • a small backflow volume stream is established which compensates for diffusion losses of cleaning chemicals and prevents a back-dilution of the cleaning fluid contained in the capillary membranes by fluid that enters from the outside to the inside through diffusion, defects in the membranes and the like.
  • the backflow volume stream should be adapted to the permeability of the membranes and the membrane surface.
  • a backflow volume stream that, based on the membrane surface loaded with cleaning fluid, is less than 20 l/(m 2 h) and preferably less than 10 l/(m 2 h).
  • a continuous backflow volume stream of less than 5 1/ (m 2 h) already proves to be sufficient .
  • a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention provides for the variation of the volume stream of cleaning fluid supplied to the permeate space, a large fluid volume stream for filling the permeate space and displacing the fluid contained in the capillary membranes being established first, which is afterwards reduced to a lower value for backwashing.
  • the pressure in the permeate space can be controlled in order to control the backwash volume stream.
  • the cleaning action can be further improved, when an air or gas stream is introduced into the fluid to be filtrated during backwashing of the capillary membranes, which generates flow turbulences on the outside of the capillary membranes.
  • the ascending gas bubbles improve the mass transfer on the outside of the capillary membranes and facilitate the removal of the deposits on the capillary membranes that dissolve as a result of the backwashing.
  • the permeate space can be backwashed with an explicitly higher backwashing rate and with pure permeate at the end of the backwashing operation.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically a membrane system with capillary membranes that is immersed and used for wastewater treatment
  • Fig. 2 shows schematically the time dependent backflow volume stream during backwashing of the membrane system.
  • the membrane system shown in Fig. 1 operates while immersed and has several modules 1, each with a bundle of capillary membranes 2.
  • the capillary membranes 2 are connected with an open end that serves the permeate discharge with a permeate space 3 of the membrane system and are surrounded on the outside by a fluid that is to be filtrated. It can be seen in Fig. 1 that, on their other end, the capillary membranes 2 end in the fluid to be filtrated in a freely moving fashion. On the free end, the capillary membranes 2 are individually sealed.
  • the method described in the following is also suitable for membrane modules, the capillary membranes of which are each connected to a permeate space on both ends .
  • the pressure on the side of the untreated water exceeds the pressure in the permeate space 3, and a permeate stream directed from the outside to the inside through the membrane walls of the capillary membranes 2 results.
  • the purified fluid, the permeate discharges on the inside of the capillary membranes and reaches the permeate space 3, from which the permeate is pumped off by means of a permeate pump 5, at the open end of the capillary membranes.
  • a deposit forms on the outside of the capillary membranes 2.
  • the pores of the capillary membranes soil. From time to time, the soilings are removed by a backwashing of the capillary membranes 2.
  • the permeate pump 5 is turned off and a valve 6 contained in the permeate pipe is closed. Thereafter, cleaning fluid 7 is pumped into the permeate space 3 of the membrane system from a cleaning storage tank, streams into the capillary membranes 2, and permeates through the capillary membranes to the outside.
  • the cleaning fluid contains cleaning chemicals that in the system scheme shown in Fig. 1 are supplied to the cleaning tank 8 via a pipe 9. In the following, the conduct of the backwashing process is explained in more detail.
  • the permeate space 3 is filled with the cleaning fluid 7, and the fluid contained in the capillary membranes is displaced by the cleaning fluid 7.
  • a portion of the cleaning fluid is displaced through the membrane walls of the capillary membranes 2 into the fluid 4 that is to be filtrated.
  • a small continuous backwash volume stream 10 through the membranes is established, and it is adjusted in such a way that the concentration of the cleaning chemicals in the longitudinal direction of the capillary membranes 2 remains essentially constant during the backwashing operation.
  • the backwash volume stream 10 is adjusted in such a way that losses of cleaning chemicals due to diffusion through the membrane walls are compensated for, and a dilution of the cleaning fluid contained in the capillary membranes by water, which enters by osmosis, diffusion, membrane defects and the like through the membrane walls of the capillary membranes into the capillary membranes 2, is prevented.
  • a backflow volume stream 10 that, based on the membrane surface loaded with cleaning fluid, is less than 20 l/(m 2 h) and preferably less than 10 1/ (m 2 h) .
  • Fig. 2 It can be seen in Fig. 2 that the volume stream of cleaning fluid supplied to the permeate space is varied, a large fluid volume stream 11 for filling the permeate space and displacing the fluid contained in the capillary membranes being established first, which thereafter is reduced to the lower value 10 for backwashing.
  • the backwash volume stream 10 of, for example, 3 l/(m 2 h) to 5 1/ (m 2 h) is maintained over a time period of 10 minutes to 120 minutes.
  • controlling the pressure in the permeate space is advantages.
  • an air or gas stream 12 into the fluid to be filtrated during backwashing of the capillary membranes, that generates flow turbulences on the outside of the capillary membranes and removes soilings that are dissolved from the membrane surface .
  • the backwashing pump 13 For termination of the backwashing, the backwashing pump 13 is turned off and the cleaning fluid that is contained in permeate space 3 and in the capillary membranes 2 is pumped off as well as returned to the cleaning storage tank 8. Subsequently, the membrane filtration is continued by switching on permeate pump 5 and opening valve 6.
  • a pump being able to operate bi-directionally can be used as backwashing pump 13. It is additionally possible to use the permeate pump 5 for backwashing, if it is able to operate bi-directionally.
  • the cleaning chemicals might be added to the liquid stream by a portioning inlet set-up.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

L’invention concerne un procédé de lavage à contre-courant de membranes capillaires (2) d’un système à membranes que l’on connecte à au moins une extrémité ouverte servant à la décharge de produits d’infiltration avec un espace d’infiltration (3) du système à membranes, et qui sont, à l’extérieur, entourés d’un fluide (4) à filtrer. Tout d’abord, on remplit l’espace d’infiltration (3) et l’on déplace le fluide contenu dans les membranes capillaires (2) avec un fluide de nettoyage (7) contenant des produits chimiques de nettoyage. En établissant une pression dans l’espace d’infiltration supérieure à la pression exercée à l’extérieur des membranes capillaires, dans une opération de lavage à contre-courant, une portion du fluide de nettoyage est déplacée à travers les parois des membranes capillaires dans le fluide (4) à filtrer. Selon l’invention, un petit courant continu de volume de lavage à contre-courant à travers les membranes est établi, puis réglé pour que la concentration des produits chimiques de nettoyage dans la direction longitudinale des membranes capillaires (2) reste sensiblement constante pendant l’opération de lavage à contre-courant.
PCT/EP2006/006433 2005-07-27 2006-07-01 Procédé de lavage à contre-courant de membranes capillaires d’un système à membranes WO2007017017A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005035044A DE102005035044A1 (de) 2005-07-27 2005-07-27 Verfahren zum Rückspülen von Kapillarmembranen einer Membrananlage
DE102005035044.5 2005-07-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007017017A1 true WO2007017017A1 (fr) 2007-02-15

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2006/006433 WO2007017017A1 (fr) 2005-07-27 2006-07-01 Procédé de lavage à contre-courant de membranes capillaires d’un système à membranes

Country Status (2)

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DE (1) DE102005035044A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007017017A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2492000A1 (fr) * 2009-10-22 2012-08-29 Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation Procédé pour le lavage de type à immersion d'un dispositif à membrane de séparation et système pour le lavage de type à immersion d'un dispositif à membrane de séparation
EP2703066A1 (fr) * 2011-04-25 2014-03-05 Toray Industries, Inc. Procédé de nettoyage d'un module membranaire

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008037118B4 (de) * 2008-08-08 2012-10-04 Vws Deutschland Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Aufbereitung von Wasser unter Verwendung von Nanofiltration
DE102015107455B3 (de) 2015-05-12 2016-06-09 Vovo-Tec Gmbh Verfahren zur chemischen Reinigung eines getauchten Membranfilters und Vorrichtung zur Anwendung des Verfahrens

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993002779A1 (fr) * 1991-08-07 1993-02-18 Memtec Limited Concentration de matieres solides dans une suspension a l'aide de membranes a fibres creuses
US6045698A (en) * 1995-11-22 2000-04-04 Omnium De Traitements Et De Valorization (Otv) Method for cleaning a filtration installation of the type with immersed membranes
US6547968B1 (en) * 1999-07-30 2003-04-15 Zenon Environmental Inc. Pulsed backwash for immersed membranes

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5403479A (en) * 1993-12-20 1995-04-04 Zenon Environmental Inc. In situ cleaning system for fouled membranes
JPH07313850A (ja) * 1994-05-30 1995-12-05 Kubota Corp 浸漬型セラミック膜分離装置の逆洗方法
JP2000070685A (ja) * 1998-08-27 2000-03-07 Daicel Chem Ind Ltd 固液分離膜の洗浄方法
DE10301860A1 (de) * 2003-01-17 2004-07-29 Puron Ag Membrananlage und Verfahren zur permeatseitigen Reinigung dieser Anlage

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993002779A1 (fr) * 1991-08-07 1993-02-18 Memtec Limited Concentration de matieres solides dans une suspension a l'aide de membranes a fibres creuses
US6045698A (en) * 1995-11-22 2000-04-04 Omnium De Traitements Et De Valorization (Otv) Method for cleaning a filtration installation of the type with immersed membranes
US6547968B1 (en) * 1999-07-30 2003-04-15 Zenon Environmental Inc. Pulsed backwash for immersed membranes

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2492000A1 (fr) * 2009-10-22 2012-08-29 Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation Procédé pour le lavage de type à immersion d'un dispositif à membrane de séparation et système pour le lavage de type à immersion d'un dispositif à membrane de séparation
EP2492000A4 (fr) * 2009-10-22 2014-08-13 Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp Procédé pour le lavage de type à immersion d'un dispositif à membrane de séparation et système pour le lavage de type à immersion d'un dispositif à membrane de séparation
EP2703066A1 (fr) * 2011-04-25 2014-03-05 Toray Industries, Inc. Procédé de nettoyage d'un module membranaire
EP2703066A4 (fr) * 2011-04-25 2014-12-03 Toray Industries Procédé de nettoyage d'un module membranaire

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102005035044A1 (de) 2007-02-01

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