WO2006136380A1 - On-board motor-vehicle electrical system and method for operating an on-board vehicle electrical system of this type - Google Patents

On-board motor-vehicle electrical system and method for operating an on-board vehicle electrical system of this type Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006136380A1
WO2006136380A1 PCT/EP2006/005928 EP2006005928W WO2006136380A1 WO 2006136380 A1 WO2006136380 A1 WO 2006136380A1 EP 2006005928 W EP2006005928 W EP 2006005928W WO 2006136380 A1 WO2006136380 A1 WO 2006136380A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrical system
voltage
voltage converter
generator
vehicle electrical
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2006/005928
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Josef Winkler
Original Assignee
Audi Ag
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Publication date
Application filed by Audi Ag filed Critical Audi Ag
Publication of WO2006136380A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006136380A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
    • H02J7/1423—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle with multiple batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/08—Three-wire systems; Systems having more than three wires
    • H02J1/082—Plural DC voltage, e.g. DC supply voltage with at least two different DC voltage levels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/46—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for ICE-powered road vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vehicle electrical system for a motor vehicle with a Primärsys- tem, which has a generator, a vehicle electrical system battery and at least one consumer.
  • the electrical system also includes a secondary system having an energy storage unit and a voltage converter, wherein the voltage converter is electrically connected to the energy storage unit.
  • the invention further relates to a method for operating such a vehicle electrical system of a motor vehicle.
  • the electrical system usually has a generator which is driven by an internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle.
  • a vehicle electrical system also includes an additional on-board battery, which is required as an additional energy storage.
  • This vehicle electrical system battery is charged primarily during the starting process of the internal combustion engine.
  • the number of electrical consumers in the motor vehicle steadily increases.
  • additional displays and other energy consumers in the motor vehicle will be arranged in the future, which also increases the number of additional control devices.
  • the generator and the on-board battery must be dimensioned accordingly.
  • a vehicle electrical system for a motor vehicle is described in EP 0 082 867 B1, in which the power supply of a foil-coated electric windscreen heater is ensured by a unidirectional voltage converter with variable output voltage.
  • the voltage level depends on the degree of utilization of the generator.
  • DE 19 953 373 B4 a device for power supply in a motor vehicle is known.
  • a device for power supply or energy supply of at least two consumers which are designed such that they are never switched on at the same time, is a unidirectional DC / DC Converter with variable output voltage described, the output voltage is regulated depending on the needs of the consumer to be supplied.
  • DE 102 08 981 A1 and DE 102 08 982 A1 each describe motor vehicles each having two electrical systems of different voltage levels and correspondingly two batteries.
  • a higher voltage is generated by the generator and a lower voltage is generated via a voltage converter, wherein this voltage converter can also be bidirectional.
  • a vehicle electrical system for a motor vehicle having a primary system and a secondary system is described in EP 1 013 506 B1.
  • the primary system comprises a generator and an on-board battery and at least one consumer.
  • the secondary system includes a super-cap and a DC / DC converter which is connected to the super-cap and is controllable such that the super-cap is loaded in the overrun mode of the motor vehicle. All known systems are designed limited in their embodiments and therefore only allow a suboptimal power supply of consumers and components in a motor vehicle.
  • An electrical system according to the invention for a motor vehicle has a primary system which comprises a generator, a vehicle electrical system battery and at least one consumer.
  • the electrical system also has a secondary system, which comprises an energy storage unit and a voltage converter, wherein the voltage converter is electrically connected to the energy storage unit.
  • An essential idea of the invention is that the voltage converter is bidirectional and generates a demand-dependent higher voltage than that which can be generated by the generator Voltage is formed, wherein the secondary system also has a consumer, which is electrically connected to the voltage converter and can be supplied by the voltage generated by the voltage converter higher voltage with electrical voltage.
  • the bidirectional voltage converter can thus be used for the intermediate storage of electrical energy in the energy storage unit and, moreover, be used for the energy supply of a consumer which requires a higher voltage than the maximum voltage that can be generated by the generator.
  • the use of a bidirectional voltage converter for several functions is thus advantageously optimized in the vehicle electrical system according to the invention.
  • the consumer is in a preferred manner as a heating device, in particular as a disk heater, in particular as a windscreen heater, formed.
  • the bidirectional voltage converter is advantageously designed for recuperation in the electrical system and for supplying power to the heater. Since the power requirements for the recuperation and the voltage supply of a heating device are very similar, an effective energy management in the motor vehicle can be ensured with the invention.
  • the bidirectional voltage converter is formed after expiration of a period of power supply of the heater or in deactivated heating device for charging the energy storage unit with energy in coasting and / or braking phases of the motor vehicle.
  • the electrical system battery can be relieved and the fuel consumption of the motor vehicle can be reduced.
  • the bidirectional voltage converter is advantageously designed for discharging the at least partially charged energy storage unit for supplying energy to the consumer of the primary system.
  • the energy stored in the energy storage unit can thus be used to supply consumers, in particular of the primary system. This also ensures that the burden on the on-board battery of the primary system is relieved.
  • the energy stored in the energy storage unit is used at least partially for the energy supply of the at least one consumer of the secondary system.
  • the energy storage unit is preferably designed as a super-cap. It can be provided that a first switch is connected in the electrical connection between the energy storage unit and the voltage converter. Likewise it can be provided that in the electrical connection between the consumer of the secondary system, in particular the heater, and the voltage converter, a second switch is connected.
  • an electrical connection of the energy storage unit and / or of the at least one consumer of the secondary system to the voltage converter can thus be generated, wherein, in particular, the first switch for disconnecting the electrical connection is provided if damage to the electrical line or the electrical connection occurs Units may occur, for example, by arcing.
  • a method according to the invention for operating a vehicle electrical system of a motor vehicle which has a primary system with a generator, an on-board battery and at least one consumer, and with a secondary system, which has an energy storage unit and a voltage converter, which is electrically connected to the energy storage unit
  • the voltage converter bidirectional formed and generated by this voltage converter, a higher voltage than the voltage generated by the generator as needed.
  • the secondary system has at least one consumer which is electrically connectable to the voltage converter and is supplied with electrical voltage by the voltage which can be generated by the voltage converter.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a vehicle electrical system according to the invention.
  • the primary system 1 shows a vehicle electrical system according to the invention of a motor vehicle, which has a primary system 1 and a secondary system 2. has.
  • the primary system 1 comprises in the exemplary embodiment a generator G, which is designed to generate voltages up to about 14V.
  • the generator G has a generator controller 11, with which the generator G is regulated.
  • the generator controller 11 is electrically connected via a resistor 12 to ground potential.
  • the primary system 1 has a vehicle power supply battery 13, which is electrically connected to the output of the generator G.
  • the electrical system battery 13 is designed to generate voltages up to about 12V.
  • the primary system 1 also includes an internal combustion engine M, which can be electrically connected to the output of the generator G via a starter 14 shown symbolically as a switch.
  • the primary system 1 in the exemplary embodiment comprises a further consumer 15, which is electrically connected via a switch 16 to the output of the generator G and thus to the output voltage of the generator G.
  • the secondary system 2 of the vehicle electrical system has a voltage converter, which is designed in the embodiment as a DC / DC converter 21.
  • the DC / DC converter 21 is electrically connected to the primary system 1, in particular to the load 15, the motor M, the onboard power supply battery 13 and the generator G.
  • the secondary system 2 comprises an energy storage unit, which in the exemplary embodiment is designed as a super-cap 22 and is electrically connected to the DC / DC converter 21 via a first switch 23.
  • the secondary system 2 comprises a load, which is designed in the embodiment as a foil-coated electric windscreen heater 24, said film-coated electric windscreen heater 24 via a second switch 25 to the output of the DC / DC converter 21 is electrically connected.
  • the DC / DC converter 21 is bidirectional and designed to generate output voltages in the range of about 14V to 42V.
  • a control signal 3 can be applied, wherein in addition, a signal 4 of the generator controller 11 to the DC / DC converter 21 is transferable.
  • the signal 4 can characterize the degree of utilization of the generator G, wherein the voltage level of the DC / DC converter 21 can be generated as a function of this.
  • an output voltage is generated by the DC / DC converter 21, which value value is higher than the voltage which can be generated by the generator G maximum.
  • the DC / DC converter 21 is used according to the invention by its bidirectional design both for power supply of the film-coated electric windscreen heater 24 and for recuperation in the electrical system of the motor vehicle. The operation of the embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 1 will be described in more detail below.
  • the regulation of the output voltage of the DC / DC converter 21 is performed by signals 3 and 4, which are transmitted to the DC / DC converter 21 via corresponding signal lines.
  • the regulation of this output voltage of the DC / DC converter 21 can be made dependent on several parameters, in this regard, for example, the generator utilization can be used as a basis.
  • the DC / DC converter 21 is activated in such a way that the supercap 22 is charged.
  • the foil-coated electric windscreen heater 24 may be disconnected from the output of the DC / DC converter 21 during such a charging phase of the super-cap 22.
  • the second switch 25 is at least temporarily closed during the charging phase of the super-cap 22.
  • the stored in the super-cap 22 electrical energy can be discharged regardless of the state of charge of this super-cap 22 by appropriate control to that output of the DC / DC converter 21, which is electrically connected to the primary system 1.
  • the DC / DC converter 21 is driven such that the super-cap 22 is discharged.
  • excessive load on the vehicle electrical system battery 13 can be prevented.
  • the utilization of the generator G is detected by the generator controller 11 and a corresponding signal 4 is transmitted to the DC / DC converter 21.
  • the at least partial delivery of the energy stored in the supercap 22 via the DC / DC converter 21 to the primary system 1 takes place in a preferred manner following a coasting and / or braking phase of the motor vehicle. It can also be provided that at least part of the energy stored in the super-cap 22 gie after a push and / or brake phase of the motor vehicle is transmitted directly to the foil-coated electric windscreen heater 24.
  • the energy stored in the supercap 22 can thus be output to the primary system 1 via the DC / DC converter 21 as needed.
  • the load of the internal combustion engine M is reduced by the generator G in acceleration phases of the motor vehicle in order to achieve a better acceleration of the motor vehicle can.
  • the DC / DC converter 21 is driven in such a way that the supercap 22 is at least partially discharged. Depending on how much energy is stored in the super cap 22, this can thus take over the entire energy supply of the primary system 1 in the short term. As a result, the load on the generator G can be prevented and thus no engine power is lost at the generator G.

Abstract

The present invention relates to an on-board motor-vehicle electrical system having a primary system (1), which has a generator (G), an on-board vehicle electrical system battery (13) and at least one load (M, 15), and a secondary system (2), which has an energy-store unit (22) and a voltage converter (21) which is electrically connected to the energy-store unit (22), with the voltage converter (21) being of bidirectional design and being designed to generate a higher voltage than the voltage which can be generated by the generator (G) when required, with the secondary system (2) having at least one load (24) which can be electrically connected to the voltage converter (21) and can be supplied with electrical voltage by the higher voltage which can be generated by the voltage converter (21). The invention also relates to a method for operating an on-board motor-vehicle electrical system.

Description

Bordnetz für ein Kraftfahrzeug und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines derartigen Bordnetzes Vehicle electrical system for a motor vehicle and method for operating such a vehicle electrical system
BESCHREIBUNGDESCRIPTION
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Bordnetz für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Primärsys- tem, welches einen Generator, eine Bordnetzbatterie und mindestens einen Verbraucher aufweist. Darüber hinaus umfasst das Bordnetz auch ein Sekundärsystem, welches eine Energiespeichereinheit und einen Spannungswandler aufweist, wobei der Spannungswandler mit der Energiespeichereinheit elektrisch verbunden ist. Die Erfindung betrifft des Weiteren ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines derartigen Bordnetzes eines Kraftfahrzeugs.The invention relates to a vehicle electrical system for a motor vehicle with a Primärsys- tem, which has a generator, a vehicle electrical system battery and at least one consumer. In addition, the electrical system also includes a secondary system having an energy storage unit and a voltage converter, wherein the voltage converter is electrically connected to the energy storage unit. The invention further relates to a method for operating such a vehicle electrical system of a motor vehicle.
Zur Energieversorgung eines Bordnetzes für ein Kraftfahrzeug weist das Bordnetz in der Regel einen Generator auf, der von einem Verbrennungsmotor des Kraftfahrzeugs angetrieben wird. Neben dem Generator umfasst ein derartiges Bordnetz auch eine zusätzliche Bordnetzbatterie, welche als zusätzlicher Energiespeicher erforderlich ist. Diese Bordnetzbatterie wird vorrangig beim Startvorgang des Verbrennungsmotors belastet. Bei modernen Kraftfahrzeugen nimmt die Anzahl der elektrischen Verbraucher im Kraftfahrzeug stetig zu. Neben den herkömmlichen elektrischen Verbrauchern, wie Lichteinheiten, Klima- anlagen und Audiosystemen, werden zukünftig auch zusätzliche Displays sowie andere Energieverbraucher im Kraftfahrzeug angeordnet sein, wodurch außerdem auch die Anzahl von zusätzlichen Steuergeräten ansteigt. Um einer Energieversorgung dieser Geräte und Komponenten gerecht zu werden, müssen der Generator sowie die Bordnetzbatterie entsprechend dimensioniert werden.To supply energy to a vehicle electrical system for a motor vehicle, the electrical system usually has a generator which is driven by an internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle. In addition to the generator such a vehicle electrical system also includes an additional on-board battery, which is required as an additional energy storage. This vehicle electrical system battery is charged primarily during the starting process of the internal combustion engine. In modern motor vehicles, the number of electrical consumers in the motor vehicle steadily increases. In addition to conventional electrical consumers, such as lighting units, air conditioning systems and audio systems, additional displays and other energy consumers in the motor vehicle will be arranged in the future, which also increases the number of additional control devices. In order to meet the energy requirements of these devices and components, the generator and the on-board battery must be dimensioned accordingly.
Aus der EP 0 082 867 B1 ist ein Bordnetz für ein Kraftfahrzeug beschrieben, bei dem die Energieversorgung einer folienbeschichteten elektrischen Frontscheibenheizung durch einen unidirektionalen Spannungswandler mit variabler Aus- gangsspanπung gewährleistet wird. Die Spannungshöhe ist dabei abhängig vom Auslastungsgrad des Generators.A vehicle electrical system for a motor vehicle is described in EP 0 082 867 B1, in which the power supply of a foil-coated electric windscreen heater is ensured by a unidirectional voltage converter with variable output voltage. The voltage level depends on the degree of utilization of the generator.
Des Weiteren ist aus der DE 19 953 373 B4 eine Vorrichtung zur Spannungsversorgung in einem Kraftfahrzeug bekannt. Zur Spannungsversorgung bzw. Energieversorgung von zumindest zwei Verbrauchern, welche derart ausgelegt sind, dass sie nie gleichzeitig eingeschaltet sind, ist ein unidirektionaler DC/DC- Wandler mit variabler Ausgangsspannung beschrieben, dessen Ausgangsspannung abhängig von den Erfordernissen des zu versorgenden Verbrauchers geregelt wird.Furthermore, from DE 19 953 373 B4 a device for power supply in a motor vehicle is known. For power supply or energy supply of at least two consumers, which are designed such that they are never switched on at the same time, is a unidirectional DC / DC Converter with variable output voltage described, the output voltage is regulated depending on the needs of the consumer to be supplied.
Aus der DE 102 08 981 A1 und der DE 102 08 982 A1 sind jeweils Kraftfahrzeuge mit jeweils zwei Bordnetzen unterschiedlicher Spannungshöhe und entsprechend zwei Batterien beschrieben. Bei den in diesen Offenlegungsschriften beschriebenen Zweispannungsbordnetzen wird eine höhere Spannung durch den Generator erzeugt und über einen Spannungswandler eine niedrigere Spannung generiert, wobei dieser Spannungswandler auch bidirektional ausgeführt sein kann.DE 102 08 981 A1 and DE 102 08 982 A1 each describe motor vehicles each having two electrical systems of different voltage levels and correspondingly two batteries. In the two-voltage on-board networks described in these publications, a higher voltage is generated by the generator and a lower voltage is generated via a voltage converter, wherein this voltage converter can also be bidirectional.
Des Weiteren ist aus der EP 1 013 506 B1 ein Bordnetz für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Primärsystem und einem Sekundärsystem beschrieben. Das Primär- System umfasst einen Generator sowie eine Bordnetzbatterie und mindestens einen Verbraucher. Das Sekundärsystem umfasst einen Super-Cap und einen DC/DC-Wandler der mit dem Super-Cap verbunden ist und derart ansteuerbar ist, dass der Super-Cap im Schubbetrieb des Kraftfahrzeugs geladen wird. Alle bekannten Systeme sind in ihren Ausführungen beschränkt ausgebildet und ermöglichen daher nur eine suboptimale Energieversorgung von Verbrauchern und Komponenten in einem Kraftfahrzeug.Furthermore, a vehicle electrical system for a motor vehicle having a primary system and a secondary system is described in EP 1 013 506 B1. The primary system comprises a generator and an on-board battery and at least one consumer. The secondary system includes a super-cap and a DC / DC converter which is connected to the super-cap and is controllable such that the super-cap is loaded in the overrun mode of the motor vehicle. All known systems are designed limited in their embodiments and therefore only allow a suboptimal power supply of consumers and components in a motor vehicle.
Daher ist es Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ein Bordnetz für ein Kraftfahrzeug sowie ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines derartigen Bordnetzes bereitzu- stellen, welches ein effektiveres und effizienteres Energiemanagement im Bordnetz eines Kraftfahrzeugs angeordneten Verbraucher und Komponenten ermöglicht.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an electrical system for a motor vehicle and a method for operating such a vehicle electrical system, which enables a more effective and efficient energy management in the electrical system of a motor vehicle arranged consumers and components.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Bordnetz, welches die Merkmale nach Patentan- Spruch 1 aufweist, und ein Verfahren, welches die Merkmale nach Patentanspruch 10 aufweist, gelöst.This object is achieved by a vehicle electrical system having the features according to patent claim 1, and a method having the features according to claim 10.
Ein erfindungsgemäßes Bordnetz für ein Kraftfahrzeug weist ein Primärsystem auf, weiches einen Generator, eine Bordnetzbatterie und mindestens einen Verbraucher umfasst. Darüber hinaus weist das Bordnetz auch ein Sekundärsystem auf, welches eine Energiespeichereinheit und einen Spannungswandler umfasst, wobei der Spannungswandler mit der Energiespeichereinheit elektrisch verbunden ist. Ein wesentlicher Gedanke der Erfindung besteht darin, dass der Spannungswandler bidirektional ausgebildet ist und zum Erzeugen einer bedarfsabhängigen höheren Spannung als die vom Generator erzeugbare Spannung ausgebildet ist, wobei das Sekundärsystem auch einen Verbraucher aufweist, welcher mit dem Spannungswandler elektrisch verbindbar ist und durch die vom Spannungswandler erzeugbare höhere Spannung mit elektrischer Spannung versorgbar ist. Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Bordnetz kann somit eine effektive und effiziente Energieversorgung von Verbrauchern und Komponenten im Kraftfahrzeug gewährleistet werden. Der bidirektionale Spannungswandler kann somit für die Zwischenspeicherung von elektrischer Energie in der Energiespeichereinheit verwendet werden und darüber hinaus für die E- nergieversorgung eines Verbrauchers herangezogen werden, welcher eine hö- here Spannung benötigt, als die maximal vom Generator erzeugbare Spannung. In vorteilhafter Weise ist somit bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Bordnetz die Verwendung eines bidirektionalen Spannungswandlers für mehrere Funktionen optimiert.An electrical system according to the invention for a motor vehicle has a primary system which comprises a generator, a vehicle electrical system battery and at least one consumer. In addition, the electrical system also has a secondary system, which comprises an energy storage unit and a voltage converter, wherein the voltage converter is electrically connected to the energy storage unit. An essential idea of the invention is that the voltage converter is bidirectional and generates a demand-dependent higher voltage than that which can be generated by the generator Voltage is formed, wherein the secondary system also has a consumer, which is electrically connected to the voltage converter and can be supplied by the voltage generated by the voltage converter higher voltage with electrical voltage. With the vehicle electrical system according to the invention can thus be ensured an effective and efficient power supply of consumers and components in the motor vehicle. The bidirectional voltage converter can thus be used for the intermediate storage of electrical energy in the energy storage unit and, moreover, be used for the energy supply of a consumer which requires a higher voltage than the maximum voltage that can be generated by the generator. The use of a bidirectional voltage converter for several functions is thus advantageously optimized in the vehicle electrical system according to the invention.
Der Verbraucher ist in bevorzugter Weise als Heizeinrichtung, insbesondere als Scheibenheizung, insbesondere als Frontscheibenheizung, ausgebildet. Der bidirektionale Spannungswandler ist in vorteilhafter Weise zur Rekuperation im Bordnetz und zur Spannungsversorgung der Heizeinrichtung ausgebildet. Da die Leistungsanforderungen für die Rekuperation und die Spannungsversor- gung einer Heizeinrichtung sehr ähnlich sind, kann mit der Erfindung ein effektives Energiemanagement im Kraftfahrzeug gewährleistet werden.The consumer is in a preferred manner as a heating device, in particular as a disk heater, in particular as a windscreen heater, formed. The bidirectional voltage converter is advantageously designed for recuperation in the electrical system and for supplying power to the heater. Since the power requirements for the recuperation and the voltage supply of a heating device are very similar, an effective energy management in the motor vehicle can be ensured with the invention.
In bevorzugter Weise ist der bidirektionale Spannungswandler nach Ablauf einer Zeitdauer der Spannungsversorgung der Heizeinrichtung oder bei deakti- vierter Heizeinrichtung zum Aufladen der Energiespeichereinheit mit Energie in Schub- und/oder Bremsphasen des Kraftfahrzeugs ausgebildet. Dadurch kann die Bordnetzbatterie entlastet werden und der Kraftstoffverbrauch des Kraftfahrzeugs reduziert werden.Preferably, the bidirectional voltage converter is formed after expiration of a period of power supply of the heater or in deactivated heating device for charging the energy storage unit with energy in coasting and / or braking phases of the motor vehicle. As a result, the electrical system battery can be relieved and the fuel consumption of the motor vehicle can be reduced.
Der bidirektionale Spannungswandler ist in vorteilhafter Weise zum Entladen der zumindest teilweise aufgeladenen Energiespeichereinheit zur Energieversorgung des Verbrauchers des Primärsystems ausgebildet. In effektiver Weise kann somit die in der Energiespeichereinheit gespeicherte Energie zur Versorgung von Verbrauchern insbesondere des Primärsystems herangezogen wer- den. Auch dadurch kann gewährleistet werden, dass die Belastung der Bordnetzbatterie des Primärsystems entlastet wird. Es kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass die in der Energiespeichereinheit gespeicherte Energie zumindest teilweise für die Energieversorgung des zumindest einen Verbrauchers des Sekundärsystems verwendet wird. Die Energiespeichereinheit ist in bevorzugter Weise als Super-Cap ausgebildet. Es kann vorgesehen sein, dass in die elektrische Verbindung zwischen der E- nergiespeichereinheit und dem Spannungswandler ein erster Schalter geschaltet ist. Ebenso kann vorgesehen sein, dass in die elektrische Verbindung zwischen dem Verbraucher des Sekundärsystems, insbesondere der Heizeinrichtung, und dem Spannungswandler ein zweiter Schalter geschaltet ist. Situa- tions- und bedarfsabhängig kann somit eine elektrische Verbindung der Energiespeichereinheit und/oder des zumindest einen Verbrauchers des Sekundärsystems mit dem Spannungswandler erzeugt werden, wobei insbesondere der erste Schalter zum Trennen der elektrischen Verbindung dann vorgesehen ist, wenn Beschädigungen der elektrischen Leitung oder der elektrischen Einheiten, beispielsweise durch eine Lichtbogenbildung, auftreten können.The bidirectional voltage converter is advantageously designed for discharging the at least partially charged energy storage unit for supplying energy to the consumer of the primary system. In an effective manner, the energy stored in the energy storage unit can thus be used to supply consumers, in particular of the primary system. This also ensures that the burden on the on-board battery of the primary system is relieved. It can also be provided that the energy stored in the energy storage unit is used at least partially for the energy supply of the at least one consumer of the secondary system. The energy storage unit is preferably designed as a super-cap. It can be provided that a first switch is connected in the electrical connection between the energy storage unit and the voltage converter. Likewise it can be provided that in the electrical connection between the consumer of the secondary system, in particular the heater, and the voltage converter, a second switch is connected. Depending on the situation and demand, an electrical connection of the energy storage unit and / or of the at least one consumer of the secondary system to the voltage converter can thus be generated, wherein, in particular, the first switch for disconnecting the electrical connection is provided if damage to the electrical line or the electrical connection occurs Units may occur, for example, by arcing.
Bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Bordnetzes ei- nes Kraftfahrzeugs, welches ein Primärsystem mit einem Generator, einer Bordnetzbatterie und mindestens einem Verbraucher aufweist, und mit einem Sekundärsystem, welches eine Energiespeichereinheit und einen Spannungswandler aufweist, welcher mit der Energiespeichereinheit elektrisch verbunden ist, wird als wesentlicher Gedanke der Erfindung, der Spannungswandler bidi- rektional ausgebildet und durch diesen Spannungswandler eine höhere Spannung als die vom Generator erzeugte Spannung bedarfsabhängig erzeugt. Das Sekundärsystem weist zumindest einen Verbraucher auf, welcher mit dem Spannungswandler elektrisch verbindbar ist und durch die vom Spannungswandler erzeugbare höhere Spannung mit elektrischer Spannung versorgt wird. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ermöglicht einen effizienten und effektiven Energieverteilungsprozess in dem Bordnetz des Kraftfahrzeugs und gewährleistet darüber hinaus die Verwendung eines bidirektionalen Spannungswandlers, welcher quasi multifunktional ausgebildet bzw. eingesetzt ist.In a method according to the invention for operating a vehicle electrical system of a motor vehicle, which has a primary system with a generator, an on-board battery and at least one consumer, and with a secondary system, which has an energy storage unit and a voltage converter, which is electrically connected to the energy storage unit is As an essential idea of the invention, the voltage converter bidirectional formed and generated by this voltage converter, a higher voltage than the voltage generated by the generator as needed. The secondary system has at least one consumer which is electrically connectable to the voltage converter and is supplied with electrical voltage by the voltage which can be generated by the voltage converter. The inventive method enables an efficient and effective energy distribution process in the electrical system of the motor vehicle and also ensures the use of a bidirectional voltage converter, which is quasi multi-functional designed or used.
Bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben. Vorteilhafte Ausführungen des erfindungsgemäßen Bordnetzes sind, soweit übertragbar, auch als vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens anzusehen.Preferred embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims. Advantageous embodiments of the electrical system according to the invention are, insofar as transferable, to be regarded as advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand einer schematischen Zeichnung näher erläutert. Die einzige Fig. 1 zeigt ein schematisches Blockschaltbild eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Bordnetzes.The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a schematic drawing. The only Fig. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a vehicle electrical system according to the invention.
In der Darstellung in Fig. 1 ist ein erfindungsgemäßes Bordnetz eines Kraftfahr- zeugs gezeigt, welches ein Primärsystem 1 und ein Sekundärsystem 2 auf- weist. Das Primärsystem 1 umfasst im Ausführungsbeispiel einen Generator G, welcher zur Erzeugung von Spannungen bis etwa 14V ausgebildet ist. Der Generator G weist einen Generatorregler 11 auf, mit welchem der Generator G geregelt wird. Der Generatorregler 11 ist über einen Widerstand 12 mit Masse- potential elektrisch verbunden. Darüber hinaus weist das Primärsystem 1 eine Bordnetzbatterie 13 auf, welche mit dem Ausgang des Generators G elektrisch verbunden ist. Die Bordnetzbatterie 13 ist zur Erzeugung von Spannungen bis etwa 12V ausgebildet. Darüber hinaus umfasst das Primärsystem 1 auch einen Verbrennungsmotor M, welcher über einen als Schalter symbolisch dargestell- ten Starter 14 mit dem Ausgang des Generators G elektrisch verbindbar ist. Ferner umfasst das Primärsystem 1 im Ausführungsbeispiel einen weiteren Verbraucher 15, welcher über einen Schalter 16 mit dem Ausgang des Generators G und somit mit der Ausgangsspannung des Generators G elektrisch verbindbar ist.1 shows a vehicle electrical system according to the invention of a motor vehicle, which has a primary system 1 and a secondary system 2. has. The primary system 1 comprises in the exemplary embodiment a generator G, which is designed to generate voltages up to about 14V. The generator G has a generator controller 11, with which the generator G is regulated. The generator controller 11 is electrically connected via a resistor 12 to ground potential. In addition, the primary system 1 has a vehicle power supply battery 13, which is electrically connected to the output of the generator G. The electrical system battery 13 is designed to generate voltages up to about 12V. In addition, the primary system 1 also includes an internal combustion engine M, which can be electrically connected to the output of the generator G via a starter 14 shown symbolically as a switch. Furthermore, the primary system 1 in the exemplary embodiment comprises a further consumer 15, which is electrically connected via a switch 16 to the output of the generator G and thus to the output voltage of the generator G.
Das Sekundärsystem 2 des erfindungsgemäßen Bordnetzes weist einen Spannungswandler auf, welcher im Ausführungsbeispiel als DC/DC-Wandler 21 ausgebildet ist. Der DC/DC-Wandler 21 ist mit dem Primärsystem 1 , insbesondere mit dem Verbraucher 15, dem Motor M, der Bordnetzbatterie 13 und dem Gene- rator G elektrisch verbunden. Darüber hinaus umfasst das Sekundärsystem 2 eine Energiespeichereinheit, welche im Ausführungsbeispiel als Super-Cap 22 ausgebildet ist und über einen ersten Schalter 23 mit dem DC/DC-Wandler 21 elektrisch verbunden ist. Ferner umfasst das Sekundärsystem 2 einen Verbraucher auf, welcher im Ausführungsbeispiel als folienbeschichtete elektrische Frontscheibenheizung 24 ausgebildet ist, wobei diese folienbeschichtete elektrische Frontscheibenheizung 24 über einen zweiten Schalter 25 mit dem Ausgang des DC/DC-Wandlers 21 elektrisch verbindbar ist. Der DC/DC-Wandler 21 ist bidirektional ausgebildet und zur Erzeugung von Ausgangsspannungen im Bereich von etwa 14V bis 42V ausgebildet. An dem DC/DC-Wandler 21 ist ein Steuersignal 3 anlegbar, wobei darüber hinaus auch ein Signal 4 des Generatorreglers 11 an den DC/DC-Wandler 21 übertragbar ist. Das Signal 4 kann dabei den Auslastungsgrad des Generators G charakterisieren, wobei abhängig davon die Spannungshöhe des DC/DC-Wandlers 21 generierbar ist.The secondary system 2 of the vehicle electrical system according to the invention has a voltage converter, which is designed in the embodiment as a DC / DC converter 21. The DC / DC converter 21 is electrically connected to the primary system 1, in particular to the load 15, the motor M, the onboard power supply battery 13 and the generator G. In addition, the secondary system 2 comprises an energy storage unit, which in the exemplary embodiment is designed as a super-cap 22 and is electrically connected to the DC / DC converter 21 via a first switch 23. Furthermore, the secondary system 2 comprises a load, which is designed in the embodiment as a foil-coated electric windscreen heater 24, said film-coated electric windscreen heater 24 via a second switch 25 to the output of the DC / DC converter 21 is electrically connected. The DC / DC converter 21 is bidirectional and designed to generate output voltages in the range of about 14V to 42V. At the DC / DC converter 21, a control signal 3 can be applied, wherein in addition, a signal 4 of the generator controller 11 to the DC / DC converter 21 is transferable. The signal 4 can characterize the degree of utilization of the generator G, wherein the voltage level of the DC / DC converter 21 can be generated as a function of this.
Gemäß der Erfindung wird durch den DC/DC-Wandler 21 eine Ausgangsspannung erzeugt, welche wertmäßig höher liegt, als die Spannung, welche maximal vom Generator G erzeugt werden kann. Der DC/DC-Wandler 21 wird gemäß der Erfindung durch seine bidirektionale Ausbildung sowohl zur Energieversorgung der folienbeschichteten elektrischen Frontscheibenheizung 24 als auch zur Rekuperation im Bordnetz des Kraftfahrzeugs herangezogen. Die Funktionsweise des in Fig. 1 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung wird nachfolgend näher beschrieben. Wie bereits erwähnt, wird die Regelung der Ausgangsspannung des DC/DC-Wandlers 21 durch Signale 3 und 4 durch- geführt, welche über entsprechende Signalleitungen an den DC/DC-Wandler 21 übertragen werden. Die Regelung dieser Ausgangsspannung des DC/DC- Wandlers 21 kann dabei von mehreren Parametern abhängig gemacht werden, wobei diesbezüglich beispielsweise die Generatorauslastung zu Grunde gelegt werden kann. Es kann auch die Generatorspannung, die Geschwindigkeit des Kraftfahrzeugs, der Ladezustand des Super-Cap 22, die Umgebungstemperatur oder aber auch die Heizungsanforderung berücksichtigt werden. Anstatt oder ergänzend dazu kann auch ein Bremssignal und/oder ein Signal, welches den Schubbetrieb des Kraftfahrzeugs charakterisiert, berücksichtigt werden. Diese Signale werden durch nicht dargestellte Steuergeräte bereitgestellt und an den DC/DC-Wandler 21 übertragen.According to the invention, an output voltage is generated by the DC / DC converter 21, which value value is higher than the voltage which can be generated by the generator G maximum. The DC / DC converter 21 is used according to the invention by its bidirectional design both for power supply of the film-coated electric windscreen heater 24 and for recuperation in the electrical system of the motor vehicle. The operation of the embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 1 will be described in more detail below. As already mentioned, the regulation of the output voltage of the DC / DC converter 21 is performed by signals 3 and 4, which are transmitted to the DC / DC converter 21 via corresponding signal lines. The regulation of this output voltage of the DC / DC converter 21 can be made dependent on several parameters, in this regard, for example, the generator utilization can be used as a basis. It is also the generator voltage, the speed of the motor vehicle, the state of charge of the super-cap 22, the ambient temperature or even the heating requirement are taken into account. Instead of or in addition to this, a brake signal and / or a signal which characterizes the coasting operation of the motor vehicle can also be taken into account. These signals are provided by control devices, not shown, and transmitted to the DC / DC converter 21.
Befindet sich nun das Kraftfahrzeug im Brems- und/oder Schubbetrieb, so wird der DC/DC-Wandler 21 derart angesteuert, dass der Super-Cap 22 geladen wird. Wie im Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 1 gezeigt, kann die folienbe- schichtete elektrische Frontscheibenheizung 24 während einer derartigen Aufladephase des Super-Cap 22 von dem Ausgang des DC/DC-Wandlers 21 getrennt sein. Es kann jedoch auch vorgesehen sein, dass der zweite Schalter 25 während der Aufladephase des Super-Cap 22 zumindest zeitweise geschlossen ist.If the motor vehicle is now in braking and / or coasting mode, then the DC / DC converter 21 is activated in such a way that the supercap 22 is charged. As shown in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, the foil-coated electric windscreen heater 24 may be disconnected from the output of the DC / DC converter 21 during such a charging phase of the super-cap 22. However, it can also be provided that the second switch 25 is at least temporarily closed during the charging phase of the super-cap 22.
Die im Super-Cap 22 gespeicherte elektrische Energie kann unabhängig vom Ladezustand dieses Super-Cap 22 durch entsprechende Steuerung an denjenigen Ausgang des DC/DC-Wandlers 21 abgegeben werden, welcher mit dem Primärsystem 1 elektrisch verbunden ist. Insbesondere in Phasen in denen der Generator G eine ausreichende Energieversorgung des gesamten Bordnetzes des Kraftfahrzeugs nicht gewährleisten kann, wird der DC/DC-Wandler 21 derart angesteuert, dass der Super-Cap 22 entladen wird. Dadurch kann eine ü- bermäßige Belastung der Bordnetzbatterie 13 verhindert werden. Die Auslastung des Generators G wird über den Generatorregler 11 erkannt und ein ent- sprechendes Signal 4 an den DC/DC-Wandler 21 übertragen. Die zumindest teilweise Abgabe der im Super-Cap 22 gespeicherten Energie über den DC/DC- Wandler 21 an das Primärsystem 1 erfolgt in bevorzugter Weise im Anschluss an eine Schub- und/oder Bremsphase des Kraftfahrzeugs. Es kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass zumindest ein Teil der im Super-Cap 22 gespeicherten Ener- gie nach einer Schub- und/oder Bremsphase des Kraftfahrzeugs unmittelbar an die folienbeschichtete elektrische Frontscheibenheizung 24 übertragen wird.The stored in the super-cap 22 electrical energy can be discharged regardless of the state of charge of this super-cap 22 by appropriate control to that output of the DC / DC converter 21, which is electrically connected to the primary system 1. In particular, in phases in which the generator G can not ensure a sufficient power supply of the entire vehicle electrical system of the motor vehicle, the DC / DC converter 21 is driven such that the super-cap 22 is discharged. As a result, excessive load on the vehicle electrical system battery 13 can be prevented. The utilization of the generator G is detected by the generator controller 11 and a corresponding signal 4 is transmitted to the DC / DC converter 21. The at least partial delivery of the energy stored in the supercap 22 via the DC / DC converter 21 to the primary system 1 takes place in a preferred manner following a coasting and / or braking phase of the motor vehicle. It can also be provided that at least part of the energy stored in the super-cap 22 gie after a push and / or brake phase of the motor vehicle is transmitted directly to the foil-coated electric windscreen heater 24.
Nach dem Beenden einer derartigen Schub- und/oder Bremsphase des Kraft- fahrzeugs kann somit bedarfsabhängig die im Super-Cap 22 gespeicherte E- nergie an das Primärsystem 1 über den DC/DC-Wandler 21 abgegeben werden. In vorteilhafter Weise wird die Belastung des Verbrennungsmotors M durch den Generator G in Beschleunigungsphasen des Kraftfahrzeugs verringert um dadurch eine bessere Beschleunigung des Kraftfahrzeugs erreichen zu können. Dazu wird der DC/DC-Wandler 21 derart angesteuert, dass der Super- Cap 22 zumindest teilweise entladen wird. Abhängig davon, wie viel Energie im Super-Cap 22 gespeichert ist, kann dieser somit kurzfristig die gesamte Energieversorgung des Primärsystems 1 übernehmen. Dadurch kann die Belastung des Generators G verhindert werden und es geht somit am Generator G keine Motorleistung verloren.After termination of such a pushing and / or braking phase of the motor vehicle, the energy stored in the supercap 22 can thus be output to the primary system 1 via the DC / DC converter 21 as needed. Advantageously, the load of the internal combustion engine M is reduced by the generator G in acceleration phases of the motor vehicle in order to achieve a better acceleration of the motor vehicle can. For this purpose, the DC / DC converter 21 is driven in such a way that the supercap 22 is at least partially discharged. Depending on how much energy is stored in the super cap 22, this can thus take over the entire energy supply of the primary system 1 in the short term. As a result, the load on the generator G can be prevented and thus no engine power is lost at the generator G.
Weitere Möglichkeiten in denen der Super-Cap 22 geladen werden kann, sind darin zu sehen, dass dieser Super-Cap 22 kennfeldabhängig geladen werden kann. Dies bedeutet, dass sich sobald der Verbrennungsmotor M in einem un- günstigen Betriebszustand hinsichtlich Wirkungsgrad und Abgasverhalten befindet, dieser Super-Cap 22 geladen wird. Other possibilities in which the super-cap 22 can be loaded are to be seen in the fact that this super-cap 22 can be loaded depending on the map. This means that as soon as the internal combustion engine M is in an unfavorable operating state with regard to efficiency and exhaust gas behavior, this supercap 22 is charged.

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE
1. Bordnetz für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Primärsystem (1), welches einen Generator (G), eine Bordnetzbatterie (13) und mindestens einen Verbraucher (M, 15) aufweist, und - einem Sekundärsystem (2), welches eine Energiespeichereinheit1. vehicle electrical system for a motor vehicle with a primary system (1), which has a generator (G), an electrical system battery (13) and at least one consumer (M, 15), and - a secondary system (2), which is an energy storage unit
(22) und einen Spannungswandler (21) aufweist, welcher mit der E- nergiespeichereinheit (22) elektrisch verbunden ist,(22) and a voltage converter (21) which is electrically connected to the energy storage unit (22),
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dasscharacterized in that
der Spannungswandler (21 ) bidirektional ausgebildet ist und zum Erzeugen einer bedarfsabhängigen höheren Spannung als die vom Generator (G) erzeugbare Spannung ausgebildet ist, wobei das Sekundärsystem (2) zumindest einen Verbraucher (24) aufweist, welcher mit dem Spannungs- wandler (21 ) elektrisch verbindbar ist und durch die vom Spannungswandler (21 ) erzeugbare höhere Spannung mit elektrischer Spannung versorgbar ist.the voltage converter (21) is bidirectional and is designed to generate a demand-dependent higher voltage than the voltage that can be generated by the generator (G), the secondary system (2) having at least one load (24) connected to the voltage converter (21). is electrically connected and by the voltage converter (21) producible higher voltage can be supplied with electrical voltage.
2. Bordnetz nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Verbraucher eine Heizeinrichtung (24) ist und der bidirektionale Spannungswandler (21) zur Rekuperation im Bordnetz und zur Spannungsversorgung eines Heizverbrauchers (24) ausgebildet ist.2. Vehicle electrical system according to claim 1, characterized in that the consumer is a heating device (24) and the bidirectional voltage converter (21) for recuperation in the electrical system and for powering a Heizverbrauchers (24) is formed.
3. Bordnetz nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der bidirektionale Spannungswandler (21) nach Ablauf einer Zeitdauer ü- ber die eine Spannungsversorgung der Heizeinrichtung (24) erfolgt oder bei deaktivierter Heizeinrichtung (24) zum Aufladen der Energiespeichereinheit (22) mit Energie in Schub- und/oder Bremsphasen des Kraftfahrzeugs ausgebildet ist. 3. electrical system according to claim 2, characterized in that the bidirectional voltage converter (21) after a period of time ü over the one power supply to the heater (24) or with deactivated heater (24) for charging the energy storage unit (22) with energy in Thrust and / or braking phases of the motor vehicle is formed.
4. Bordnetz nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der bidirektionale Spannungswandler (21) zum Entladen der zumindest teilweise aufgeladenen Energiespeichereinheit (22) zur Energieversorgung des Verbrauchers (M, 15) des Primärsystems (1) ausgebildet ist.4. Vehicle electrical system according to claim 3, characterized in that the bidirectional voltage converter (21) for discharging the at least partially charged energy storage unit (22) for supplying energy to the consumer (M, 15) of the primary system (1) is formed.
5. Bordnetz nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Heizeinrichtung als Scheibenheizung, insbesondere als Frontscheibenheizung (24), ausgebildet ist.5. Vehicle electrical system according to claim 2, characterized in that the heating device is designed as a disk heater, in particular as a windscreen heater (24).
6. Bordnetz nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Energiespeichereinheit als Super-Cap (22) ausgebildet ist.6. Vehicle electrical system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the energy storage unit is designed as a super-cap (22).
7. Bordnetz nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in die elektrische Verbindung zwischen der Energiespeichereinheit (22) und dem Spannungswandler (21) ein erster Schalter (23) geschaltet ist.7. Vehicle electrical system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the electrical connection between the energy storage unit (22) and the voltage converter (21), a first switch (23) is connected.
8. Bordnetz nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in die elektrische Verbindung zwischen dem Verbraucher (24) des Sekundärsystems (2) und dem Spannungswandler (21) ein zweiter Schalter (25) geschaltet ist.8. electrical system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the electrical connection between the load (24) of the secondary system (2) and the voltage converter (21), a second switch (25) is connected.
9. Bordnetz nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Generator (G) zur Erzeugung von Spannungen bis zu etwa 14V ausgebildet ist und der Spannungswandler (21) zur Erzeugung von Spannungen von etwa 14V bis etwa 42V ausgebildet ist. 9. electrical system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the generator (G) for generating voltages up to about 14V is formed and the voltage converter (21) for generating voltages of about 14V to about 42V is formed.
10. Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Bordnetzes eines Kraftfahrzeugs mit einem Primärsystem (1), welches einen Generator (G), eine Bordnetzbatterie (13) und mindestens einen Verbraucher (M, 15) aufweist, und - einem Sekundärsystem (2), welches eine Energiespeichereinheit10. A method for operating a vehicle electrical system of a motor vehicle having a primary system (1), which has a generator (G), a vehicle electrical system battery (13) and at least one consumer (M, 15), and - a secondary system (2), which is an energy storage unit
(22) und einen Spannungswandler (21) aufweist, welcher mit der E- nergiespeichereinheit (22) elektrisch verbunden ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Spannungswandler (21) bidirektional ausgebildet ist und eine höheren Spannung als die vom Generator (G) erzeugbare Spannung bedarfsabhängig erzeugt, wobei das Sekundärsystem (2) zumindest einen Verbraucher (24) aufweist, welcher mit dem Spannungswandler (21 ) elektrisch verbindbar ist und durch die vom Spannungswandler (21) erzeugbare höhere Spannung mit elektrischer Spannung versorgt wird. (22) and a voltage converter (21), which is electrically connected to the energy storage unit (22), characterized in that the voltage converter (21) is bidirectional and a higher voltage than the voltage generated by the generator (G) dependent on demand generated, wherein the secondary system (2) has at least one consumer (24) which is electrically connected to the voltage converter (21) and is supplied by the higher voltage from the voltage converter (21) can be supplied with electrical voltage.
PCT/EP2006/005928 2005-06-23 2006-06-21 On-board motor-vehicle electrical system and method for operating an on-board vehicle electrical system of this type WO2006136380A1 (en)

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