WO2006108626A1 - Sustained energy release compositions - Google Patents
Sustained energy release compositions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006108626A1 WO2006108626A1 PCT/EP2006/003357 EP2006003357W WO2006108626A1 WO 2006108626 A1 WO2006108626 A1 WO 2006108626A1 EP 2006003357 W EP2006003357 W EP 2006003357W WO 2006108626 A1 WO2006108626 A1 WO 2006108626A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- glucopyranosyl
- tetritol
- energy release
- erythritol
- feed
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- -1 glucopyranosyl tetritol Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erythritol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000004386 Erythritol Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000019414 erythritol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- 229940009714 erythritol Drugs 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-QWWZWVQMSA-N D-Threitol Natural products OC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-QWWZWVQMSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 20
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 20
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 20
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 10
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 10
- 125000005640 glucopyranosyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 description 6
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N beta-maltose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000002791 glucosyl group Chemical group C1([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O1)CO)* 0.000 description 6
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 6
- PVXPPJIGRGXGCY-TZLCEDOOSA-N 6-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-fructofuranose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C(O)(CO)O1 PVXPPJIGRGXGCY-TZLCEDOOSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 208000013016 Hypoglycemia Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 201000001421 hyperglycemia Diseases 0.000 description 4
- NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N insulin Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CN)C(C)CC)CSSCC(C(NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CCC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CSSCC(NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2NC=NC=2)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)CNC2=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)NC(C(C)O)C(=O)N3C(CCC3)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(C)C(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(C(C)O)NC(=O)C1CSSCC2NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(C)C)CC1=CN=CN1 NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 3
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019621 digestibility Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N erythritol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 241000819038 Chichester Species 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000004877 Insulin Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090001061 Insulin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229920002774 Maltodextrin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 208000001145 Metabolic Syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 201000000690 abdominal obesity-metabolic syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 206010012601 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940125396 insulin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000075 primary alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000000813 small intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 235000014268 sports nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- HNSDLXPSAYFUHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S(O)(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC HNSDLXPSAYFUHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010011485 Aspartame Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010006895 Cachexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920002307 Dextran Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000002705 Glucose Intolerance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000004547 Hallucinations Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010019233 Headaches Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010021113 Hypothermia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010022489 Insulin Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010028813 Nausea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920001218 Pullulan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004373 Pullulan Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004376 Sucralose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000577 adipose tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000036626 alertness Effects 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N alpha-D-galactose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000605 aspartame Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010357 aspartame Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IAOZJIPTCAWIRG-QWRGUYRKSA-N aspartame Chemical compound OC(=O)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)OC)CC1=CC=CC=C1 IAOZJIPTCAWIRG-QWRGUYRKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003438 aspartame Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036772 blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000019577 caloric intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000023852 carbohydrate metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003915 cell function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003169 central nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940109275 cyclamate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HCAJEUSONLESMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylsulfamic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)NC1CCCCC1 HCAJEUSONLESMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015897 energy drink Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037149 energy metabolism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003743 erythrocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019525 fullness Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930182830 galactose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000004190 glucose uptake Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002641 glycemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000869 headache Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000008123 high-intensity sweetener Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003054 hormonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000003642 hunger Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002631 hypothermal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021125 infant nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006362 insulin response pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037356 lipid metabolism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036997 mental performance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000030159 metabolic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000214 mouth Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=2OC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=C1 SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008693 nausea Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013615 non-nutritive sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036314 physical performance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002980 postoperative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000009104 prediabetes syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000019423 pullulan Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019204 saccharin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N saccharin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2=C1 CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940081974 saccharin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000901 saccharin and its Na,K and Ca salt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019553 satiation Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036186 satiety Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019627 satiety Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003198 secondary alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019408 sucralose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BAQAVOSOZGMPRM-QBMZZYIRSA-N sucralose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](Cl)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@]1(CCl)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CCl)O1 BAQAVOSOZGMPRM-QBMZZYIRSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/52—Adding ingredients
- A23L2/60—Sweeteners
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L27/30—Artificial sweetening agents
- A23L27/33—Artificial sweetening agents containing sugars or derivatives
- A23L27/34—Sugar alcohols
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/30—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing carbohydrate syrups; containing sugars; containing sugar alcohols, e.g. xylitol; containing starch hydrolysates, e.g. dextrin
- A23L29/37—Sugar alcohols
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/20—Reducing nutritive value; Dietetic products with reduced nutritive value
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
- A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the use of certain specified carbohydrate materials in the preparation of sustained glucose and energy release food, feed and drink compositions and to compositions containing such materials.
- Carbohydrates are formed of monomer units such as glucose, fructose and galactose. Many carbohydrates are linked to each other by ⁇ -l,4-glucosidic bonds that are easily hydrolysed during the early stages of digestion in both humans and animals (i.e. in the mouth, stomach and small intestine). Examples of such carbohydrates include the commercially available hydrolysis products of starch, such as maltose and maltodextrins. It is common knowledge that oral ingestion of such carbohydrates leads to a rapid increase in blood glucose concentration and therefore to an elevated insulin response. This is typically followed by a sharp decrease in blood glucose and, because insulin levels remain high, can result in so called "rebound hypoglycaemia". Symptoms of hypoglycaemia include nausea, weakness, hallucinations, headaches, hypothermia and fainting.
- hypoglycaemia blood glucose
- tissue insulin sensitivity tissue insulin sensitivity
- Such prolonged hyperglycaemia induces undesired effects on metabolism in the body often referred to as metabolic syndrome, a combination of several disease risk factors such as elevated blood pressure, impaired glucose tolerance, elevated fasting blood glucose and impaired blood lipid levels, often together with weight gain. Being exposed to these risk factors is known to lead to a significant increase in morbidity and mortality.
- carbohydrate compounds that can be safely ingested whilst retaining the desirable properties (such as sweetness) of more conventional carbohydrates (e.g. glucose, maltose, maltodextrins and sucrose).
- a number of high intensity sweeteners have been proposed for helping to reduce the increase in blood glucose, when being substituted for absorbable glucose sources, including, for example, aspartame, saccharin, sucralose or cyclamate.
- these sweeteners cannot be used as effective sources of glucose and energy required for maintenance of a normal cellular function of the central nervous system and red blood cells.
- a consistent supply of glucose is an important characteristic, e.g. in nutritional compositions used by highly active people (such as sports men and women) or by certain categories of patients that have a particularly high energy turnover (burn patients, for example).
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is therefore the provision of a carbohydrate material that does not cause rebound hypoglycaemia whilst nevertheless having high sweetness and being a consistent source of glucose and energy.
- Proposed solutions include carbohydrates such as isomaltulose, certain dextrans and pullulan. All of these carbohydrates, however, have a number of drawbacks. Taking isomaltulose by way of example, although its digestion results in a slow release of glucose into the blood it only has a relatively low sweetness (42% the sweetness of sucrose), it is not very heat or acid stable (stability being a particularly desirable characteristic for compounds used in food compositions) and it has a relatively high Maillard reactivity (meaning that it can lead to undesirable browning).
- the present invention therefore aims to provide an alternative to these known, slow- release carbohydrates which does not suffer from the drawbacks associated with the prior art.
- a glucopyranosyl tetritol in the preparation of a sustained energy release food, feed or drink composition.
- a sustained energy release food, feed or drink composition characterised in that it comprises a glucopyranosyl tetritol.
- a process for the preparation of a sustained energy release food, feed or drink composition characterised in that it comprises the step of adding a glucopyranosyl tetritol to said composition.
- Figure 1 shows the in-vitro digestibility of O- ⁇ -D-Glucopyranosyl erythritol obtained according to Example 3.
- the present invention provides, in a first aspect, the use of a glucopyranosyl tetritol in the preparation of a sustained energy release food, feed or drink composition.
- Glucopyranosyl tetritols are carbohydrate compounds composed of a glucose unit and C4 sugar alcohol unit.
- Sugar alcohols also known as polyols
- They have the general formula C n H 2n+2 O n . - A -
- the glucopyranosyl tetritol of the present invention will preferably be selected from the group consisting of glucopyranosyl erythritol, glucopyranosyl D-threitol, glucopyranosyl L-threitol and mixtures of two or more thereof. Most preferably, the glucopyranosyl tetritol will be glucopyranosyl erythritol, preferably in the form O- ⁇ - D-glucopyranosyl erythritol.
- O- ⁇ - D-glucopyranosyl erythritol can exist as 1-O- ⁇ -D-glucopyranosyl erythritol (when the glucose unit is linked to the primary alcohol group of erythritol) or as 2-0- ⁇ -D- glucopyranosyl erythritol (when the glucose unit is linked to the secondary alcohol group of erythritol).
- the glucopyranosyl tetritols of the present invention will be in their primary form (i.e.
- the glucopyranosyl tetritol of the present invention will be 1-O- ⁇ -D-glucopyranosyl erythritol.
- Glucopyranosyl sugar alcohols such as glucopyranosyl erythritol
- Glucopyranosyl sugar alcohols are known in the art. They were thought, however, to be indigestible or only very slightly digestible. They were therefore characterised as being low calorie compounds (see EP0404964, for instance) with only a small proportion of the glucose units ingested being released into the blood-stream.
- glucopyranosyl tetritols, and glucopyranosyl erythritol undergo a slow but total or near- total hydrolysis in the small intestine resulting, for several hours after ingestion, in a continuous low-level release of glucose into the blood. This effect is referred to herein as "sustained energy release”.
- the present invention further provides a sustained energy release food, feed or drink composition characterised in that it comprises a glucopyranosyl tetritol.
- a sustained energy release food, feed or drink composition characterised in that it comprises a glucopyranosyl tetritol.
- compositions could be used, for example, to deliver carbohydrates to diabetic patients without causing clinically significant hyperglycaemia. They could also be added to the diet of overweight or elderly people suffering from reduced glucose tolerance. In the domain of sports nutrition, glucopyranosyl tetritols could be used to supply athletes with a steady and constant carbohydrate supply during physical exercise. They could also be used in foods or supplements for growing children and in so-called “energy drinks” or “energy bars”. This is, of course, a non-exhaustive list and many other potential embodiments of the present invention will be apparent to the skilled person.
- the present invention provides a process for the preparation of a sustained energy release food, feed or drink composition characterised in that it comprises the step of adding a glucopyranosyl tetritol to said composition.
- the glucopyranosyl tetritol will typically be added in an amount of at least 5% by weight. Preferably, it will be added in an amount of at least 15%, even more preferably in an amount of at least 20% by weight based on the total weight of the composition.
- the exact amount to be added will of course depend on various factors - such as type of application (food, feed or drink), target consumer (sports people, young children, diabetics, etc.), desired level of sweetness and caloric value of the final composition, etc. - and will easily be calculated by the skilled person.
- the glucopyranosyl tetritol may be added to the food, feed or drink composition at any stage during its production.
- glucopyranosyl tetritols have been found to have a good level of sweetness.
- the glucopyranosyl tetritol will be added in lieu of or in combination with other carbohydrate materials or sweeteners.
- glucopyranosyl tetritols can nonetheless be used as a sustained energy release ingredient. Such sustained supply of energy is known to result in hormonal patterns that favour the feeling of fullness (satiation) and induce less hunger.
- glucopyranosyl tetritols have been found to have good sweetness and low cariogenicity when compared to sucrose. Their ingestion leads to only low glycemic and insulinemic responses and therefore presents a significantly reduced risk, if any, of causing either rebound hypoglycaemia or persistent strong hyperglycaemia.
- a low insulinemic response is also known to promote a high rate of fatty acid mobilisation from adipose (fat) tissue resulting in a high rate of fatty acid oxidation in energy metabolism (Newsholme E.A., Leech A.R. (eds): Integration of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. In: Biochemistry for the medical sciences. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester 1983, pp 336-35, Newsholme E. A., Start C. (eds): Adipose tissue and the regulation of fat metabolism. In: Regulation in Metabolism. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester 1973a, pp 195-246).
- - food, feed and drink compositions aimed at supporting physical and mental performance (e.g. in fitness/sports nutrition, infant nutrition, nutrition for the elderly, in so-called "brain foods” directed, for example, at students or people whose jobs require consistently high levels of concentration and/or alertness such as pilots);
- - food, feed and drink compositions aimed at individuals requiring slow but continuous carbohydrate energy delivery, for example in conditions that require medical nutrition and/or enteral feeding (e.g. for cachexia patients, burn patients), or for post-operative nutrition;
- - food, feed and drink compositions aimed at inducing satiety, reducing overall energy intake and/or increasing fat metabolism (e.g. slimming products, drinks for children, etc.); and - food, feed and drink compositions aimed at individuals suffering from particular metabolic disorders (such as diabetes, low glucose tolerance and metabolic syndrome (syndrome X) patients).
- metabolic disorders such as diabetes, low glucose tolerance and metabolic syndrome (syndrome X) patients.
- a mixture of 58 g water, 40 g erythritol, 100 g maltose and 2 g of transglucosidase (AMANO) was prepared.
- the pH was adjusted to 4.6 with hydrochloric acid.
- the mixture was then heated to 50°C for 24h. After filtration and passing through a strong cation exchanger followed by a weak anion exchanger (elution with demi-water), the syrup was vacuum concentrated to 35% dry substance.
- the total yield of O- ⁇ -D-glucopyranosyl erythritol was 18% as compared to the starting materials (using HPLC analysis).
- Example 2 5ml of the mixture obtained in Example 1 was diluted to 25% Brix and loaded on 1.51 Bio-Gel Polyacrylamide P2-fine (BIORAD) resin and eluted with demineralised water at 1.5ml/min at room temperature. 170mg O- ⁇ -D-glucopyranosyl erythritol was obtained at a purity of 86%.
- the enriched O- ⁇ -D-glucopyranosyl erythritol of Example 2 was used as substrate in in-vitro digestibility studies.
- 1% substrate solutions (w/w) of maltose (from Merck), isomaltulose (from ICN) and O- ⁇ -D-glucopyranosyl erythritol were prepared in a 0.05 M phosphate buffer at pH 6 and equilibrated at 37°C for 10 minutes.
- a suspension of 30% rat intestinal acetone powder (supplied by Sigma) was prepared in 0.05M phosphate buffer (from Merck) at pH 6 and equilibrated at 37°C for 10 minutes.
- 0.6 ml rat intestinal acetone powder suspension was added to 6 ml of each of the substrate solutions and mixed. The mixtures were incubated at 37°C and a 1 ml sample was taken (0 hours incubation time). Further samples were taken after 2, 4 and 6 hours of incubation. The samples were diluted with 4 ml of demineralised water and boiled for 5 minutes. After the denaturation step, each sample was filtered through a 0.45 ⁇ m filter.
- the filtrate was send through a Dionex OnGuard-ATM filter. Glucose content was determined by HPLC.
- O- ⁇ -D-glucopyranosyl erythritol is digested, in-vitro, at a substantially lower rated than maltose.
- the digestion rate is in fact close to that of isomaltulose which is known in the art as being a sustained energy release carbohydrate.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BRPI0608174-6A BRPI0608174A2 (en) | 2005-04-15 | 2006-04-12 | use of a glycopyranosyl tetritol, food composition, feed or prolonged energy release drink, and process for preparing it |
EP06761896A EP1868450B1 (en) | 2005-04-15 | 2006-04-12 | Sustained energy release compositions |
DE602006007969T DE602006007969D1 (en) | 2005-04-15 | 2006-04-12 | COMPOSITIONS FOR THE DELAYED ENERGY TRANSFER |
JP2008505802A JP2008545620A (en) | 2005-04-15 | 2006-04-12 | Sustainable energy release composition |
US11/911,649 US20080206423A1 (en) | 2005-04-15 | 2006-04-12 | Sustained Energy Release Compositions |
PL06761896T PL1868450T3 (en) | 2005-04-15 | 2006-04-12 | Sustained energy release compositions |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05252368A EP1712139A1 (en) | 2005-04-15 | 2005-04-15 | Sustained energy release compositions |
EP05252368.5 | 2005-04-15 |
Publications (1)
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WO2006108626A1 true WO2006108626A1 (en) | 2006-10-19 |
Family
ID=34940858
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/EP2006/003357 WO2006108626A1 (en) | 2005-04-15 | 2006-04-12 | Sustained energy release compositions |
Country Status (8)
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US (1) | US20080206423A1 (en) |
EP (2) | EP1712139A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2008545620A (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0608174A2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE602006007969D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2326691T3 (en) |
PL (1) | PL1868450T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006108626A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP2098124A1 (en) | 2008-03-03 | 2009-09-09 | Nestec S.A. | Carbohydrate gel |
EP2332426A1 (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2011-06-15 | Technische Universität Graz | Prebiotic |
EP2366292A1 (en) * | 2010-03-15 | 2011-09-21 | Nestec S.A. | Artificial sweeteners and performance |
DK3780975T3 (en) | 2018-04-17 | 2022-10-31 | Protea Biopharma N V | COMPOSITION THAT ENSURES PROTECTION AGAINST FREE RADICALS AND PROVIDES CONTINUOUS RELEASE OF ENERGY |
Citations (6)
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DE2264394A1 (en) * | 1972-04-12 | 1973-10-31 | Sueddeutsche Zucker Ag | Isomaltite - by hydrogenation of isomaltose |
EP0404964A1 (en) * | 1988-12-16 | 1991-01-02 | Showa Denko Kabushiki Kaisha | Production of sugar compounds |
US20040086615A1 (en) * | 2002-11-04 | 2004-05-06 | Cargill, Inc. & Cerestar Holding Bv | Reduced calorie confectionery compositions |
JP2004331576A (en) * | 2003-05-08 | 2004-11-25 | Noevir Co Ltd | Blood glucose level suppressant and food inhibiting sharp increase in blood glucose level |
US20050008678A1 (en) * | 1996-05-31 | 2005-01-13 | Howard Alan N. | Food compositions containing creatine |
US20050095350A1 (en) * | 2003-09-22 | 2005-05-05 | Grain Processing Corporation | Nutritive food source including controlled energy release carbohydrate |
Family Cites Families (6)
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US3856775A (en) * | 1969-07-14 | 1974-12-24 | Ajinomoto Kk | {62 -(1{43 3)-glucans |
PT722277E (en) * | 1994-07-01 | 2001-04-30 | Quaker Oats Co | PROLONGED ACTION FOOD POWER SOURCE |
US6455096B1 (en) * | 1998-04-28 | 2002-09-24 | Kabushiki Kaisha Hayashibara Seibutsu Kagaku Kenkyujo | Hard candy with a relatively-high moisture and hardness, and process of the same |
DE19818842C1 (en) * | 1998-04-28 | 2000-01-05 | Suedzucker Ag | Cold remedy containing sugar alcohol mixture such as Isomalt, having immunostimulant and antimicrobial activity |
KR20050115927A (en) * | 2003-03-24 | 2005-12-08 | 세레스타 홀딩 비.브이. | Comestibles containing isomaltulose and trehalose for sustained carbohydrate energy release and reduced glycemic/insulinemic responses, and for preserving osmolality |
JP3732501B2 (en) * | 2004-03-30 | 2006-01-05 | 辰馬本家酒造株式会社 | α-D-Glucopyranosylglycerols, method for producing the same, and use thereof |
-
2005
- 2005-04-15 EP EP05252368A patent/EP1712139A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-04-12 EP EP06761896A patent/EP1868450B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2006-04-12 US US11/911,649 patent/US20080206423A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-04-12 PL PL06761896T patent/PL1868450T3/en unknown
- 2006-04-12 JP JP2008505802A patent/JP2008545620A/en active Pending
- 2006-04-12 ES ES06761896T patent/ES2326691T3/en active Active
- 2006-04-12 WO PCT/EP2006/003357 patent/WO2006108626A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-04-12 BR BRPI0608174-6A patent/BRPI0608174A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-04-12 DE DE602006007969T patent/DE602006007969D1/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
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DE2264394A1 (en) * | 1972-04-12 | 1973-10-31 | Sueddeutsche Zucker Ag | Isomaltite - by hydrogenation of isomaltose |
EP0404964A1 (en) * | 1988-12-16 | 1991-01-02 | Showa Denko Kabushiki Kaisha | Production of sugar compounds |
US20050008678A1 (en) * | 1996-05-31 | 2005-01-13 | Howard Alan N. | Food compositions containing creatine |
US20040086615A1 (en) * | 2002-11-04 | 2004-05-06 | Cargill, Inc. & Cerestar Holding Bv | Reduced calorie confectionery compositions |
JP2004331576A (en) * | 2003-05-08 | 2004-11-25 | Noevir Co Ltd | Blood glucose level suppressant and food inhibiting sharp increase in blood glucose level |
US20050095350A1 (en) * | 2003-09-22 | 2005-05-05 | Grain Processing Corporation | Nutritive food source including controlled energy release carbohydrate |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 200501, Derwent World Patents Index; Class B03, AN 2005-002844, XP002337315 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2008545620A (en) | 2008-12-18 |
EP1868450A1 (en) | 2007-12-26 |
DE602006007969D1 (en) | 2009-09-03 |
BRPI0608174A2 (en) | 2010-11-09 |
EP1868450B1 (en) | 2009-07-22 |
PL1868450T3 (en) | 2010-01-29 |
EP1712139A1 (en) | 2006-10-18 |
ES2326691T3 (en) | 2009-10-16 |
US20080206423A1 (en) | 2008-08-28 |
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