Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
  • A23J3/00—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs
  • A23J3/14—Vegetable proteins
  • A23J3/18—Vegetable proteins from wheat
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
  • A23J3/00—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs
  • A23J3/14—Vegetable proteins
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
  • A23J3/00—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs
  • A23J3/14—Vegetable proteins
  • A23J3/16—Vegetable proteins from soybean
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23K—FODDER
  • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
  • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
  • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
  • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
  • A23L33/17—Amino acids, peptides or proteins
  • A23L33/185—Vegetable proteins
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
  • A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the field of the food, dietetics and cattle industry and in particular, it concerns a process for treating vegetable protein materials in order to obtain highly digestible de-texturized products.
• An object of the present invention is to provide vegetable protein materials having greater digestibility and solubility, as well as improved organoleptic properties, so as to make them apt for human and animal consumption.
• a turbo-reactor comprising a horizontal-axis cylindrical tubular body, provided with at least one opening for introducing reactants and for discharging the treated product, a heating jacket for bringing the inner wall of the tubular body to a predetermined temperature, a bladed rotor, rotatably supported in the cylindrical tubular body where it is put into rotation at peripheral speeds comprised between 15 and 40 m/s, so as to disperse said continuous flow of protein material into a flow of particles of the same,
• the treated protein material exiting the turbo-reactor generally has a temperature of about 40-80 0 C.
• the above-mentioned concentrated hydrogen peroxide solution preferably consists of an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide of at least 40-volumes and, advantageously, of about 120-140 volumes.
• the weight ratio of hydrogen peroxide to protein material generally varies between 1:4 and 1:20.
• the concentrated aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution can be introduced into the turbo-reactor right at the inlet, since in that case the bladed rotor carries out an effective nebulization and centrifugation thereof, thus ensuring its introduction into the turbulent dynamic thin layer of protein material particles to be treated in a highly dispersed condition.
• the hydrogen peroxide introduction may also be carried out through openings for the nebulization of hydrogen peroxide at different levels along the length of the cylindrical tubular body.
• the mean residence time of the protein material flow inside the turbo- reactor is of about 1-5 minutes.
• the above-mentioned maturation step at 50-100 0 C can be carried out in static conditions, for example inside heating silos with plate-type heat exchangers as those manufactured by the Bulkflow Technologies Inc. (Canada) company.
• the maturation at 50-10O 0 C is carried out in dynamic conditions, in order to prevent undesirable agglomeration and increase the homogeneity of the end product, for example by means of a slow continuous stirrer or a screw apparatus.
• This latter apparatus advantageously consists of a horizontal-axis cylindrical tubular body, provided with inlet and discharge openings, a heating jacket for bringing the inner wall of the tubular body to a predetermined temperature, and a screw supported in the cylindrical tubular body where it is put into rotation at low speeds.
• the drying step mentioned above can be carried out with any apparatus commonly used for drying powdery substances but it is preferably carried out with the aid of a turbo-dryer, which is an apparatus structurally similar to the turbo-reactor described above, also comprising a horizontal-axis cylindrical tubular body, provided with inlet and outlet openings, with heating jacket and with a bladed rotor rotatably and coaxially mounted inside the cylindrical tubular body.
• a turbo-dryer which is an apparatus structurally similar to the turbo-reactor described above, also comprising a horizontal-axis cylindrical tubular body, provided with inlet and outlet openings, with heating jacket and with a bladed rotor rotatably and coaxially mounted inside the cylindrical tubular body.
• the temperature of the heating wall is of about 120-160 0 C and, cocurrently with the flow of treated protein material entering the turbo-dryer, a hot and dry air flow is optionally fed at a temperature of 120-160 0 C.
• the mean residence time of the treated protein material inside the turbo-dryer is of about 1-5 minutes.
• the expression "vegetable protein material” includes, in particular, gluten from different sources (e.g. wheat, barley, maize, oats, rye) and soybean proteins.
• gluten With reference to gluten, following the treatment with hydrogen peroxide carried out according to the process of the present invention, it is substantially de-texturized and modified in the tertiary structure of the two components, gliadin and glutenin, more soluble and digestible than the starting gluten.
• gluten loses, to a great extent, its ability to cause food intolerances and can be suitable for the production of food for celiacs.
• soybean proteins following the treatment with hydrogen peroxide according to the process of the present invention, they are made more soluble and digestible and therefore particularly suitable for integration in cattle feeds.
• the treatment according to the present invention further produces a sterilization of soybean proteins from the microbiological standpoint, the destruction of any alpha-toxins present therein and a deodorization thereof, which makes them especially suitable for being used in foods for human consumption.
• the present invention concerns a plant for carrying out the process illustrated above, which comprises a turbo- reactor of the type described above, a screw apparatus for the maturation of the treated protein material as described above, and a dryer, preferably a turbo-dryer.
• Figure 1 schematically shows a plant for treating vegetable protein material in order to increase its solubility and digestibility according to the process of the invention.
• the turbo-reactor A essentially consists of a cylindrical tubular body 1, closed at the opposed ends by end walls 2, 3 and coaxially provided with a heating jacket 4 intended to be run through by a fluid, for example diathermic oil, for keeping the inner wall of body 1 at a predetermined temperature.
• a fluid for example diathermic oil
• the tubular body 1 is provided with inlet openings 5, 6 for the protein material to be treated and for the concentrated aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, respectively, as well as a discharge opening 7 for the treated protein material.
• a bladed rotor 8 Inside the tubular body 1 is rotatably supported a bladed rotor 8 , the blades 9 of which are helically arranged and are oriented for centrifuging and concurrently conveying the protein material subjected to treatment towards the outlet.
• a motor M is provided for driving the bladed rotor at peripheral speeds varying between 20 and 40 meters per second.
• Openings 10 are provided in the inner wall of the cylindrical tubular body 1 for introducing concentrated aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution in nebulized form.
• a plant for obtaining vegetable protein material with higher solubility and digestibility characteristics comprises, in addition to the turbo-reactor A, a maturation apparatus B and a turbo-dryer C.
• the maturation apparatus B shown in a very schematic manner, comprises a cylindrical tubular body 21, closed at the opposed ends by end walls 22, 23 and coaxially provided with a heating jacket 24 intended to be run through by a fluid, for example diathermic oil, for keeping the inner wall of the body 1 at a predetermined temperature.
• the tubular body 21 is provided with an inlet opening 25 for the protein material coming from the turbo-reactor A and with a discharge opening 27 for the protein material at the end of the maturation step.
• a screw 28 is rotatably supported in the tubular body 21, driven in rotation at low speed by a motor N and intended for conveying the protein material subjected to maturation towards the outlet.
• turbo-dryer C is not described in detail as it has a structure entirely similar to that of turbo-reactor A, except for the absence of openings for the introduction of liquid reactants.
• the components of turbo-dryer C that are the same as those of the turbo-reactor A are indicated with same reference numerals increased by 100.
• a flow of powdered wheat gluten (humidity content of about 5%) is continuously fed, at a flow rate of 100 kg/hour.
• 40 1/hour of a 1:1 mixture of 130 V hydrogen peroxide and water are continuously fed through opening 6 and openings 10.
• the powdery gluten flow is mechanically dispersed into very small particles, which are immediately centrifuged against the inner wall of the turbo-reactor itself, where they form a dynamic tubular thin layer.
• the aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution entering through opening 6 is mechanically finely nebulized by the blades 9 of rotor 8, which also readily centrifuge the very small droplets obtained. These are thus introduced into the dynamic tubular thin layer of gluten particles with which they can interact.
• the hydrogen peroxide solution introduced in nebulized form through the openings 10 further increases the interaction of the hydrogen peroxide with the gluten particles.
• treated gluten is continuously discharged from opening 7 with a humidity content of about 25% and a temperature of about 60 0 C.
• the flow of treated gluten exiting the turbo-reactor A is continuously fed to the maturation device B, through the inlet opening 25.
• the gluten is made to slowly progress up to the discharge opening 27 by the slowly rotating screw 28, after a mean residence time of about 2 hours at a temperature of about 70 0 C (which is also the temperature at which the inner wall is stabilized by the heating jacket 24).
• the gluten flow coming out of the maturation device B is continuously fed into turbo-dryer C, through the inlet opening 105, along with a cocurrent air flow at about 140 0 C.
• the gluten is discharged through the discharge opening 107.
• the resulting gluten has a humidity content of about 5%.

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• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Food Science & Technology (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Nutrition Science (AREA)
• Biochemistry (AREA)
• Mycology (AREA)
• Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
• Biotechnology (AREA)
• Botany (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Physiology (AREA)
• Animal Husbandry (AREA)
• Zoology (AREA)
• Fodder In General (AREA)
• Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)

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Cited By (3)

Citations (6)

• 2005
  • 2005-04-06 IT IT000579A patent/ITMI20050579A1/it unknown
  • 2005-06-29 CN CNA2005100811695A patent/CN1843148A/zh active Pending
• 2006
  • 2006-04-05 WO PCT/EP2006/003114 patent/WO2006105959A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation

Patent Citations (6)

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