WO2006103189A1 - Mdi herstellung mittels flüssigphasen- und gasphasenphosgenierung - Google Patents
Mdi herstellung mittels flüssigphasen- und gasphasenphosgenierung Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006103189A1 WO2006103189A1 PCT/EP2006/060940 EP2006060940W WO2006103189A1 WO 2006103189 A1 WO2006103189 A1 WO 2006103189A1 EP 2006060940 W EP2006060940 W EP 2006060940W WO 2006103189 A1 WO2006103189 A1 WO 2006103189A1
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- Prior art keywords
- reaction
- mmda
- pmda
- mixture
- separated
- Prior art date
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- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- YQYUWUKDEVZFDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N mmda Chemical compound COC1=CC(CC(C)N)=CC2=C1OCO2 YQYUWUKDEVZFDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- ANSXAPJVJOKRDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-f][2]benzofuran-1,3,5,7-tetrone Chemical compound C1=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=CC2=C1C(=O)OC2=O ANSXAPJVJOKRDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920000538 Poly[(phenyl isocyanate)-co-formaldehyde] Polymers 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 26
- YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=O YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- -1 Aromatic isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 13
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 11
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- JLVWYWVLMFVCDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl benzene-1,3-dicarboxylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(=O)OCC)=C1 JLVWYWVLMFVCDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 4
- OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229940117389 dichlorobenzene Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CKDWPUIZGOQOOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbamyl chloride Chemical group NC(Cl)=O CKDWPUIZGOQOOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003698 anagen phase Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- DYDNPESBYVVLBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N formanilide Chemical compound O=CNC1=CC=CC=C1 DYDNPESBYVVLBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007792 gaseous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008241 heterogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C263/00—Preparation of derivatives of isocyanic acid
- C07C263/10—Preparation of derivatives of isocyanic acid by reaction of amines with carbonyl halides, e.g. with phosgene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C265/00—Derivatives of isocyanic acid
- C07C265/14—Derivatives of isocyanic acid containing at least two isocyanate groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for the preparation of isocyanates, comprising the steps
- Aromatic isocyanates are important and versatile raw materials for polyurethane chemistry. MDI in particular is one of the most important technical isocyanates.
- the general term "MDI" is used in the field and within the scope of this application as a generic term for methylene (diphenyldiisocyanate) and polymethylene polyphenylene polyisocyanate Methylene (diphenyld ⁇ socyanat) includes the isomers 2,2'-methylene (d ⁇ phenyld ⁇ socyanat) (2,2'-MDI), 2,4'-methylene (d ⁇ phenyld ⁇ socyanat)
- MD In usual industrially relevant manufacturing processes, MD! The synthesis takes place in a two-stage process.
- aniline is treated with formaldehyde to form a mixture of monomeric methylene (diphonydiname) - referred to in the art and within the scope of this invention as "MMDA” - and polymethylene polyphenylene polyamines - referred to in the art and within the scope of this invention as "PMDA” - condensed into the so-called crude MDA
- the crude MDA usually produced by prior art processes contains about 70% MMDA and is preferred for an amine to formaldehyde behaviors of about 2.0 to 2.5
- the object of the invention was to provide a process for the preparation of isocyanates which has a better space-time yield compared to the process known in the prior art. Furthermore, a process should be provided which has a lower phosgene hold-up in the In addition, a process should be provided that allows a smaller reactor volume in the phosgenation Finally, a method should be provided that is advantageous from an energetic point of view
- the product mix of MMDI and PMDI should remain essentially unchanged from the processes known from the prior art Amount of discharged PMDI and MMDI understood
- step (1) is carried out in the presence of an acid as a catalyst, wherein the catalyst is preferably added in admixture with aniline.
- Preferred catalysts are mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid. Mixtures of acids can also be used. Hydrochloric acid is particularly preferred If hydrogen chloride is used as the catalyst, then it can also be used in gaseous form.
- the amount of catalyst can preferably be chosen so that a molar ratio of acid / aniline (S / A) of 0.05 to 0 T 5, particularly preferably of 0 , 08 to 0.3.
- the reaction of step (1) is carried out in aqueous medium with HCl as catalyst. Further, the reaction can be carried out in the presence of a solvent. Particularly suitable are ethers, water and mixtures thereof. Examples of these are dimethylformamide (DMF), tetra hydrofuran (THF) and diethyl isophthalate (DEIP)
- DMF dimethylformamide
- THF tetra hydrofuran
- DEIP diethyl isophthalate
- Formaldehyde can be added to the process according to the invention in the form of monomeric formaldehyde and / or in the form of higher homologs, so-called poly (oxymethylene) glycols
- composition of the prepared polyamine mixture (crude MDA) is influenced, in addition to the acid concentration and the temperature, decisively by the molar use ratio of aniline molecules to formaldehyde molecules (A / F properties) within the MDA process, which can be operated both continuously and discontinuously
- a / F ratio chosen, the greater the MMDA content in the resulting crude MDA solution.
- MMDA 2-core Ante ⁇ l
- the 4-core MDA content decreases by -80%, if the A / F ratio increased from 2.4 to 5.9
- the molar ratio of aniline formaldehyde in the context of this invention is generally from 1.8 to 10 l, preferably from 2 to 6 l, more preferably from 2.1 to 5.5 l, in particular from 2.2 to 5 l
- reaction of aniline with formaldehyde can be carried out both continuously and discontinuously in a batch or semibatch process
- the separation of the crude MDA from step (2) can be carried out by conventional methods known in the art.
- the separation is carried out by distillation.
- the separation is carried out by two rectification columns in which one after the other in the first column aniline and in the second column MMDA is obtained as top product and PMDA accumulates in the second column as the bottom product
- the separation of the amine mixture is carried out in a so-called dividing wall column, wherein preferably a separation into the following three fractions takes place
- a crude MDA which contains PMDA in such small amounts that the amine workup in one apparatus, eg a rectification column, into the two fractions aniline (overhead product) and MMDA (bottom product ) can be carried out
- the purity (in terms of PMDA proportions) of the MMDA mixture separated in step (2) (fraction I) should be selected so that the MMDA mixture (fraction I) can be converted into the gas phase
- the resulting crude MDA can be converted from liquid to gaseous state of matter It is preferred that the MMDA separated off in step (2) can be completely converted into the gas phase.
- complete it is meant that a maximum of a residue of 2% by weight, preferably of at most 1% by weight, in particular of max 0.1 % By weight, which can not be converted into the gas phase
- the separation of the crude MDA mixture in step (2) is such that the separated MMDA (fraction I) has a PMDA content of from 0 to less than 12 weight percent (wt%), more preferably from 0, 1 to less than 6% by weight, more preferably from 0.5 to less than 3.5% by weight, based on the total weight of MMDA and PMDA.
- the purity (in terms of MMDA content) of the PMDA mixture separated in step (2) (fraction II) is not critical since the PMDA mixture does not have to be gasified.
- the purity (in terms of MMDA proportions) of the separated in step (2) PMDA mixture (fraction II) can be selected from an economic point of view
- the separation of the crude MDA mixture in step (2) takes place such that the separated PMDA (fraction II) has a content of MMDA of 0 to less than 50% by weight (% by weight), more preferably 0, From 5 to less than 30% by weight, more preferably from 1 to less than 20% by weight, in particular from 2 to less than 10% by weight, based on the total weight of PMDA and MMDA
- step (3) After separation of the crude MDA mixture in step (2), there are 2 fractions, firstly a fraction containing essentially PMDA (fraction II) and a fraction essentially containing MMDA (fraction I) fraction (II) is now in the process step (3a) phosgenated in the Flussigphase, (ie there is a reaction of the amine groups with phosgene to isocyanate groups) and fraction (I) is phosgenated in process step (3b) in the gas phase
- the separate phosgenations can be carried out in one plant or in different plants. If carried out in different facilities, these can also be located in different locations
- the isocyanates are usually prepared by reacting the corresponding primary amines from fraction (a) with phosgene, preferably an excess of phosgene. This process takes place in the liquid phase.
- phosgene preferably an excess of phosgene.
- This process takes place in the liquid phase.
- reaction in the liquid phase it is to be understood that at least one of the educt streams is in liquid Condition in the reaction is present.
- an additional inert solvent can be added.
- This additional inert solvent is usually an organic solvent or mixtures thereof.
- Chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, t-chlorobenzene, toluene, hexane, diethyl isophthalate (DEIP), tetrahydrofuran (THF), dimethylformamide (DMF), benzene and mixtures thereof are particularly preferred Solvent chlorobenzoi
- the content of amine based on the mixture amine / solvent is usually between 1 and 50% by mass, preferably between 2 and 40% by mass, particularly preferably between 3 and 30% by mass.
- step (3a) can be carried out in the customary state of the art reactors. It is preferably carried out in a tubular reactor
- the tube reactor is preferably heated either via its jacket surface or by means of heating elements contained in the tubular reactor, for example heating coils or heating tubes.
- the tubular reactor can be segmented through the perforated bottom.
- the tube reactor is defined by a length (L) to diameter ratio (D) of L / D> 6, preferably by L / D> 10.
- step (3a) of the process according to the invention the mixing of the reactants preferably takes place in a mixing device which is characterized by a high shear of the reaction stream passed through the mixing device.
- a mixing device is a rotary mixing device, a mixing pump or a mixing nozzle which precedes the reactor More preferably, a mixing nozzle is used.
- the mixing time in this mixing device is usually 0.0001 s to 5 s, preferably 0.0005 to 4 s, more preferably 0 T 001 s to 3 s
- the mixing time is to be understood as the time to be used by the mixer Beginning of the mixing process passes until 97.5% of the fluid elements of the resulting mixture have a mixing fraction which, based on the value of the theoretical final value of the mixture breakage of the resulting mixture on reaching the state of perfect mixture less than 2.5% of this final value of Mixture break deviate (to the concept of the Mixture Bruc hes see z BJ Warnatz, U Maas, RW dibble combustion, Springer Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg New York 1997, 2 edition, S 134)
- the step (3a) in the process according to the invention is preferably carried out in one stage.
- This is to be understood as meaning that the mixing and reaction of the reactants is carried out in one step in a temperature range from 60 to 200 ° C.
- many processes known from the prior art are used carried out in two stages, ie the starting materials are mixed at about 30.degree. C. (here carbamyl chloride forms, this stage is often referred to as cold phosgenation) and then the mixed starting materials are heated at about 120.degree. to 200.degree. bamyl chloride is cleaved to isocyanate, this step is often referred to as hot phosgenation)
- the step (3a) of the process according to the invention can be carried out continuously, semicontinuously or batchwise. It is preferably carried out continuously
- the mixture of substances is preferably separated by rectification into isocyanate (s), solvent, phosgene and hydrogen chloride. Small amounts of by-products remaining in the isocyanate can be separated from the desired isocyanate by means of additional rectification or else crystallization
- the product may contain inert solvent, carbamoyl chloride and / or phosgene and be further processed by the known methods (see, for example, WO 99/40059).
- the preparation of the isocyanates is usually carried out by reacting the corresponding primary amines from fraction (b) with phosgene, preferably an excess of phosgene. This process takes place in the gas phase. Under reaction in the gas phase, it is to be understood that the educt streams in the gaseous state are mitem- react differently
- reaction space which is generally arranged in a reactor, ie the reaction space is understood as meaning the space where the reaction of the reactants takes place.
- reaction space is understood to mean the technical apparatus which contains the Reaction space containing these can be all customary, known from the prior art Reaktsonsraume that for non-catalytic, single-phase gas reaction, preferably to the continuous non-catalytic Suitable materials for contact with the reaction mixture include metals such as steel, tantalum, silver or copper, glass, ceramics, enamels, or homogeneous or heterogeneous mixtures thereof
- the walls of the reactor can be smooth or profiled. For example, scratches or corrugations are suitable as profiles
- the mixing of the reactants in a mixing device which is characterized by a high shear of the guided through the mixer reaction stream are preferably used as Mischei ⁇ nchtung a static mixing device or Mischduse, which is the reactor vorge is particularly preferred a Mischduse is used
- the reaction of phosgene with amine in the reaction space is usually carried out at absolute pressures of more than 1 bar to less than 50 bar, preferably at more than 2 bar to less than 20 bar, more preferably between 3 bar and 15 bar, more preferably between 3, 5 bar and 12 bar, in particular from 4 to 10 bar
- the pressure in the feed lines to the mixing device is higher than the above-mentioned pressure in the reactor.
- the pressure in the feed lines is preferably from 20 to 1000 mbar, more preferably from 30 to 200 mbar higher than in the reaction space.
- the pressure in the Auusedstungsvor ⁇ chtung lower than in the reaction chamber is preferably the pressure by 50 to 500 mbar, more preferably 80 to 150 mbar, lower than in the reaction space
- step (3b) of the process according to the invention can be carried out in the presence of an additional inert medium.
- the inert medium is a medium which is gaseous in the reaction space at the reaction temperature and does not react with the educts.
- the inert medium generally undergoes reaction
- nitrogen, noble gases such as helium or argon or aromatics such as chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene or xylene can be used.
- Nitrogen is preferably used as the inert medium. Particular preference is given to monochlorobenzene or a mixture of monochlorobenzene and nitrogen
- the inert medium is used in an amount such that the molar ratio of inert medium to amine is more than 2 to 30, preferably 2.5 to 15.
- the inert medium is introduced into the reaction space together with the amine
- the temperature in the reaction space is chosen so that it is below the boiling point of the most heavily used amine, based on the pressure conditions prevailing in the reaction space.
- the Am ⁇ n used (gem ⁇ sch) and set pressure usually results in a favorable temperature Reaction space of more than 200 0 C to less than 600 ° C, preferably from 28O 0 C to 400 0 C.
- step (3b) it may be advantageous to preheat the stream of Reaktan- th prior to mixing, usually at temperatures of 100 to 600 0 C, preferably from 200 to 400 0 C.
- the average contact time of the reaction mixture in step (3b) of the process according to the invention is generally between 0.1 second and less than 5 seconds, preferably from more than 0.5 seconds to less than 3 seconds, particularly preferably more than 0.6 seconds to less than 1, 5 seconds.
- Mean contact time is understood to be the time from the start of the mixing of the starting materials until they leave the reaction space
- the dimensions of the reaction space and the flow rates are such that a turbulent flow, ie a flow having a Reynolds number of at least 2300, preferably at least 2700, is present, the Reynolds number with the hydraulic diameter of Reaction space is formed.
- the gaseous reactants pass through the reaction space at a flow rate of 3 to 180 meters / second, preferably from 10 to 100 meters / second
- the molar ratio of phosgene to amino groups used is usually 1: 1 to 15: 1, preferably 1.2: 1 to 10: 1, more preferably 1.5: 1 to 6: 1
- the reaction conditions are selected so that the reaction gas at the outlet from the reaction space has a phosgene concentration of more than 25 mol / m 3 , preferably from 30 to 50 mol / m 3 .
- an inert medium concentration of more than 25 mol / m 3 preferably from 30 to 100 mol / m 3, is generally present at the outlet from the reaction space
- the reaction conditions are selected so that the reaction gas at the outlet from the Reaktio ⁇ sraum a phosgene concentration of more than 25 mol / m 3 , in particular from 30 to 50 mol / m 3 , and at the same time has an inert medium concentration of more than 25 mol / m 3 , in particular from 30 to 100 mol / m 3
- the reaction volume is usually tempered via its outer surface.
- several reactor tubes can be connected in parallel
- the process according to the invention is preferably carried out in one stage. This is to be understood as meaning that the mixing and reaction of the educts take place in one step and in a temperature range, preferably in the abovementioned temperature range. Furthermore, the process according to the invention is preferably carried out continuously
- the gaseous reaction mixture is preferably washed with a solvent at temperatures of greater than 150X.
- Suitable solvents are preferably hydrocarbons which are optionally substituted by halogen atoms, for example chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, and toluene. It is particularly preferred as solvent Monochlorobenzene used.
- the isocyanate is selectively converted into the wash solution.
- the remaining gas and the resulting wash solution are then preferably separated by rectification into isocyanate (s), solvent, phosgene and hydrogen chloride. Small amounts of by-products remaining in the isocyanate (mixture) can be removed by means of additional rectification or crystallization of the desired isocyanate (gem ⁇ sch) are separated
- the products of MMDI and PMDI may be mixed (in whole or in part) and marketed as a mixture and / or they may be marketed as individual products.
- FIG. 1 A preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is illustrated in FIG. 1,
- aqueous saline solution e.g., NaCl, using HCl and NaOH as the base
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2008503483A JP2008534550A (ja) | 2005-03-30 | 2006-03-22 | 液相及び気相ホスゲン化によるmdiの製造方法 |
US11/908,363 US20080200721A1 (en) | 2005-03-30 | 2006-03-22 | Mdi Production By Means of Liquid Phase and Gas Phase Phosgenation |
EP06725224A EP1866282A1 (de) | 2005-03-30 | 2006-03-22 | Mdi herstellung mittels flüssigphasen- und gasphasenphosgenierung |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102005014846A DE102005014846A1 (de) | 2005-03-30 | 2005-03-30 | MDI Herstellung mittels Flüssigphasen- und Gasphasenphosgenierung |
DE102005014846.8 | 2005-03-30 |
Publications (1)
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WO2006103189A1 true WO2006103189A1 (de) | 2006-10-05 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2006/060940 WO2006103189A1 (de) | 2005-03-30 | 2006-03-22 | Mdi herstellung mittels flüssigphasen- und gasphasenphosgenierung |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080200721A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1866282A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2008534550A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20070116676A (de) |
CN (1) | CN101137617A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102005014846A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2006103189A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2010539210A (ja) * | 2007-09-19 | 2010-12-16 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | イソシアネートの製造方法 |
EP3640238A1 (de) | 2018-10-17 | 2020-04-22 | Covestro Deutschland AG | Verfahren zur herstellung von di- und polyaminen der diphenylmethanreihe |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8212069B2 (en) | 2006-10-26 | 2012-07-03 | Ralf Boehling | Process for preparing isocyanates |
WO2008071564A1 (de) * | 2006-12-11 | 2008-06-19 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung von isocyanaten |
DE102007061688A1 (de) | 2007-12-19 | 2009-06-25 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Verfahren und Mischaggregat zur Herstellung von Isocyanaten durch Phosgenierung primärer Amine |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1999040059A1 (de) * | 1998-02-07 | 1999-08-12 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur herstellung von methylendi(phenylamin) und methylendi (phenylisocyanat) |
WO2002070581A1 (de) * | 2001-03-08 | 2002-09-12 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur herstellung von mdi, insbesondere von 2,4'-mdi |
-
2005
- 2005-03-30 DE DE102005014846A patent/DE102005014846A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-03-22 WO PCT/EP2006/060940 patent/WO2006103189A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-03-22 JP JP2008503483A patent/JP2008534550A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-03-22 EP EP06725224A patent/EP1866282A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-03-22 KR KR1020077025101A patent/KR20070116676A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-03-22 CN CNA2006800080141A patent/CN101137617A/zh active Pending
- 2006-03-22 US US11/908,363 patent/US20080200721A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1999040059A1 (de) * | 1998-02-07 | 1999-08-12 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur herstellung von methylendi(phenylamin) und methylendi (phenylisocyanat) |
WO2002070581A1 (de) * | 2001-03-08 | 2002-09-12 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur herstellung von mdi, insbesondere von 2,4'-mdi |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2010539210A (ja) * | 2007-09-19 | 2010-12-16 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | イソシアネートの製造方法 |
EP3640238A1 (de) | 2018-10-17 | 2020-04-22 | Covestro Deutschland AG | Verfahren zur herstellung von di- und polyaminen der diphenylmethanreihe |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN101137617A (zh) | 2008-03-05 |
KR20070116676A (ko) | 2007-12-10 |
US20080200721A1 (en) | 2008-08-21 |
DE102005014846A1 (de) | 2006-10-05 |
JP2008534550A (ja) | 2008-08-28 |
EP1866282A1 (de) | 2007-12-19 |
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