WO2006091105A1 - Refractory compositions - Google Patents

Refractory compositions Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006091105A1
WO2006091105A1 PCT/NO2006/000040 NO2006000040W WO2006091105A1 WO 2006091105 A1 WO2006091105 A1 WO 2006091105A1 NO 2006000040 W NO2006000040 W NO 2006000040W WO 2006091105 A1 WO2006091105 A1 WO 2006091105A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
composition
aluminium
refractory
ash
total
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO2006/000040
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Stéphane BOUTEILLER
Original Assignee
Elkem As
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Elkem As filed Critical Elkem As
Publication of WO2006091105A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006091105A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/66—Monolithic refractories or refractory mortars, including those whether or not containing clay
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
    • C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
    • C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
    • C04B33/1328—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues without additional clay
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
    • C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
    • C04B33/135—Combustion residues, e.g. fly ash, incineration waste
    • C04B33/1355—Incineration residues
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
    • C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
    • C04B33/138—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues from metallurgical processes, e.g. slag, furnace dust, galvanic waste
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
    • C04B35/101—Refractories from grain sized mixtures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/62204—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products using waste materials or refuse
    • C04B35/62209—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products using waste materials or refuse using woody material, remaining in the ceramic products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
    • C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
    • C04B35/6303—Inorganic additives
    • C04B35/6316—Binders based on silicon compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
    • C04B2111/00551—Refractory coatings, e.g. for tamping
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to refractory compositions for use in the production of refractory articles such as furnace linings, ladle linings and linings for metallurgical vessels.
  • Refractory products are generally made using wet refractory compositions, however, it is preferable to use a dry technique in which the refractory composition is used in its dry state. This avoids the need for a separate drying step.
  • a dry technique is known, for example, from EP-A-64863.
  • One exothermic material known to be suitable for incorporation into a refractory composition is aluminium powder.
  • An example of such a composition is disclosed in EP-A-675862 in which the composition comprises 70 to 95 wt % particulate refractory material, 1 to 15 wt % inorganic binder with chemically or physically brand water, and 1 to 15 wt % of an exothermic material.
  • a refractory composition for the production of refractory articles comprising aluminium ash.
  • the aluminium ash may be a powder or granular material comprising elemental aluminium and other materials of a refractory nature, such as alumina.
  • the individual particles comprise an intimate admixture of these components.
  • the aluminium ash consists of aluminium particles surrounded by alumina. In the context of the refractory composition, this ash is exothermic.
  • aluminium ash is a troublesome by-product of aluminium smelting processes obtained when molten aluminium with salts, mainly fluorides to refine the molten aluminium Due to its content of salts the material is environmentally undesirable and costly measures need to be taken to ensure its safe disposal. Therefore, its use in the composition of the invention is particularly welcome.
  • the aluminium ash can be used in the present invention with its salt content, but preferably the salt content is reduced or removed.
  • the composition additionally includes a binder, preferably inorganic.
  • Suitable binders include silicates, sulphates, carbonates, nitrates and borates. Particularly preferred binders are sodium salts, such as metasilicates.
  • composition according to the invention may consists of only aluminum ash and binder, but preferably the composition also contains other particulate refractory materials.
  • the particulate refractory material can be any suitable material, such as, bauxite, chamotte, alumina, silica, zirconia, fosterite, mullite, magnesia, kyanite, andalusite, silicon carbide and any combination of these. Particularly preferred are bauxite and chamotte.
  • the ash preferably comprises largely elemental aluminium and alumina.
  • the elemental aluminium may represent from 10 to 30 wt % of the ash, preferably about 15 to 25 wt %, e.g. about 20 wt %.
  • the composition may also contain aluminium foil powder.
  • the amount present may be up to 8 wt % preferably in the range 3 to 7 wt %.
  • the total elemental aluminium present represents at least 15 wt % of the total composition.
  • the ash represents at least 30 wt % of the total composition.
  • the particulate refractory material represents from 10 to 50% wt % of the total composition.
  • At least one of the components has water either chemically or physically bound to it.
  • the water may be bound to the particulate material or may be bound to the binder. Most preferably, it is bound to the binder as water of crystallisation so that the binder is preferably a hydrated crystalline salt.
  • the composition may also include various other components which may be organic, such as wood flour, cellulose, fibres, granules and particles.
  • the refractory composition comprises:
  • the invention also extends to products made from these compositions and methods for their production using the compositions.
  • a refractory composition was made by mixing together the following components. The percentages are by weight of the total composition.
  • Aluminium foil powder 4,5%
  • the total elemental aluminium content was 18 wt %.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)

Abstract

A refractory composition for making refractory articles such as furnace linings, ladle linings and linings for metallurgical vessels. The composition includes aluminium ash, which acts as an exothermic material and as a refractory material.

Description

Title of Invention
Refractory compositions.
Field of Invention
The present invention relates to refractory compositions for use in the production of refractory articles such as furnace linings, ladle linings and linings for metallurgical vessels.
Background Art
Refractory products are generally made using wet refractory compositions, however, it is preferable to use a dry technique in which the refractory composition is used in its dry state. This avoids the need for a separate drying step. Such a technique is known, for example, from EP-A-64863.
It is often desirable to prolong the time the refractory composition remains in a molten state during formation into the desired product. This can be achieved by incorporating an exothermic material in the refractory composition. Such a technique is known, for example, from WO 97/35677.
One exothermic material known to be suitable for incorporation into a refractory composition is aluminium powder. An example of such a composition is disclosed in EP-A-675862 in which the composition comprises 70 to 95 wt % particulate refractory material, 1 to 15 wt % inorganic binder with chemically or physically brand water, and 1 to 15 wt % of an exothermic material.
While aluminium powder is effective, it may suffer the drawback that in its elemental form, it is difficult to obtain a homogeneous distribution of the aluminium powder in the refractory mixture and thereby an even temperature and curing of the mixture when it is heated. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an exothermic material which will be more easy to mix homogeneously with other refractory materials and with binders. Disclosure of Invention
According to the present invention, there is provided a refractory composition for the production of refractory articles, comprising aluminium ash.
The aluminium ash may be a powder or granular material comprising elemental aluminium and other materials of a refractory nature, such as alumina. The individual particles comprise an intimate admixture of these components. Normally the aluminium ash consists of aluminium particles surrounded by alumina. In the context of the refractory composition, this ash is exothermic.
It is also notable that the aluminium ash is a troublesome by-product of aluminium smelting processes obtained when molten aluminium with salts, mainly fluorides to refine the molten aluminium Due to its content of salts the material is environmentally undesirable and costly measures need to be taken to ensure its safe disposal. Therefore, its use in the composition of the invention is particularly welcome. The aluminium ash can be used in the present invention with its salt content, but preferably the salt content is reduced or removed.
Preferably the composition additionally includes a binder, preferably inorganic. Suitable binders include silicates, sulphates, carbonates, nitrates and borates. Particularly preferred binders are sodium salts, such as metasilicates.
The composition according to the invention may consists of only aluminum ash and binder, but preferably the composition also contains other particulate refractory materials.
The particulate refractory material can be any suitable material, such as, bauxite, chamotte, alumina, silica, zirconia, fosterite, mullite, magnesia, kyanite, andalusite, silicon carbide and any combination of these. Particularly preferred are bauxite and chamotte.
The ash preferably comprises largely elemental aluminium and alumina. The elemental aluminium may represent from 10 to 30 wt % of the ash, preferably about 15 to 25 wt %, e.g. about 20 wt %. The composition may also contain aluminium foil powder. The amount present may be up to 8 wt % preferably in the range 3 to 7 wt %. Preferably, the total elemental aluminium present represents at least 15 wt % of the total composition.
Preferably, the ash represents at least 30 wt % of the total composition. Preferably, the particulate refractory material represents from 10 to 50% wt % of the total composition.
Preferably at least one of the components has water either chemically or physically bound to it. The water may be bound to the particulate material or may be bound to the binder. Most preferably, it is bound to the binder as water of crystallisation so that the binder is preferably a hydrated crystalline salt.
The composition may also include various other components which may be organic, such as wood flour, cellulose, fibres, granules and particles.
Preferably, the refractory composition comprises:
60-75 wt % aluminium ash
10-30 wt % particulate refractory material
2-10 wt % inorganic binder
and up to 8 wt % aluminium foil powder
up to a total of 100 wt %.
The invention also extends to products made from these compositions and methods for their production using the compositions.
The invention may be carried into practice in various ways and one embodiment will now be described in the following non-limiting Example. Example
A refractory composition was made by mixing together the following components. The percentages are by weight of the total composition.
Aluminium foil powder 4,5%
Aluminium ash 65,0%
Bauxite 16,0%
Chamotte 8,0%
Wood flour 1 ,2%
Sodium metasilicate 5,3%
The total elemental aluminium content was 18 wt %.

Claims

Claims
1. A refractory composition for the production of refractory articles, comprising aluminium ash.
2. A composition as claimed in Claim 1, additionally comprising at least one particulate refractory material.
3. A composition as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, comprising at least 30 wt % aluminium ash.
4. A composition as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, additionally comprising a binder.
5. A composition as claimed in Claim 2, in which the binder is inorganic.
6. A composition as claimed in Claim 3 in which the binder is sodium metasilicate.
7. A composition as claimed in any preceding Claim, in which the particulate refractory material is bauxite and/or chamotte.
8. A composition as claimed in any preceding Claim, in which the aluminium ash comprises elemental aluminium and oxide.
9. A composition as claimed in Claim 8, in which the elemental aluminium content of the ash is from 10 to 25 wt %.
10. A composition as claimed in any preceding Claim, additionally comprising aluminium foil powder.
11. A composition as claimed in Claim 8, in which the total elemental aluminium present represents at least 15 wt % of the total composition.
12. A composition as claimed in any preceding Claim, in which the aluminium ash represents from 50 to 90 wt % of the total composition.
13. A composition as claimed in any preceding Claim, in which particulate refractory material represents at least 30 wt % of the total composition.
14. A composition as claimed in any preceding Claim, in which at least one of the components has water either chemically or physically bound to it.
15. A composition as claimed in Claim 1 , comprising
60-75 wt % aluminium ash
10-30 wt % particulate refractory material
2-10 wt % inorganic binder
and up to 8 wt % aluminium foil powder
up to a total of 100 wt %.
PCT/NO2006/000040 2005-02-03 2006-01-30 Refractory compositions WO2006091105A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20050614A NO325204B1 (en) 2005-02-03 2005-02-03 Dry exothermic composition for making refractory products
NO20050614 2005-02-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006091105A1 true WO2006091105A1 (en) 2006-08-31

Family

ID=35229553

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO2006/000040 WO2006091105A1 (en) 2005-02-03 2006-01-30 Refractory compositions

Country Status (2)

Country Link
NO (1) NO325204B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2006091105A1 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008060160A1 (en) * 2006-11-17 2008-05-22 Elkem As Refractory dry powder for ladle and furnace linings for metallurgical vessels
WO2008060161A1 (en) * 2006-11-13 2008-05-22 Elkem As Refractory compositions
CN109111234A (en) * 2018-08-10 2019-01-01 河南弘盛再生资源利用有限公司 Aluminium scrap ash reprocesses the formula and preparation method that homogeneous refractory raw material is made
CN114229859A (en) * 2022-01-18 2022-03-25 大连易舜绿色科技有限公司 Method for producing electrofused mullite by using industrial aluminum ash
CN116573921A (en) * 2023-07-10 2023-08-11 中国环境科学研究院 Large-size high-strength light ceramsite based on solid waste and preparation method thereof

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3326273A (en) * 1965-12-28 1967-06-20 Foseco Int Exothermic hot top
GB1469790A (en) * 1973-07-10 1977-04-06 Aikoh Co Method of making a steel ingot
JPS61261256A (en) * 1985-05-14 1986-11-19 三新産業株式会社 Alumina refractory heat insulating brick and manufacture
JPH11130515A (en) * 1997-10-21 1999-05-18 Daiki Aluminium Industry Co Ltd Production of ceramic product from aluminum residual ash
US6284688B1 (en) * 1992-12-22 2001-09-04 Foseco International Limited Refractory compositions

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3326273A (en) * 1965-12-28 1967-06-20 Foseco Int Exothermic hot top
GB1469790A (en) * 1973-07-10 1977-04-06 Aikoh Co Method of making a steel ingot
JPS61261256A (en) * 1985-05-14 1986-11-19 三新産業株式会社 Alumina refractory heat insulating brick and manufacture
US6284688B1 (en) * 1992-12-22 2001-09-04 Foseco International Limited Refractory compositions
JPH11130515A (en) * 1997-10-21 1999-05-18 Daiki Aluminium Industry Co Ltd Production of ceramic product from aluminum residual ash

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Week 198701, Derwent World Patents Index; Class L02, AN 1987-002545 *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008060161A1 (en) * 2006-11-13 2008-05-22 Elkem As Refractory compositions
WO2008060160A1 (en) * 2006-11-17 2008-05-22 Elkem As Refractory dry powder for ladle and furnace linings for metallurgical vessels
CN109111234A (en) * 2018-08-10 2019-01-01 河南弘盛再生资源利用有限公司 Aluminium scrap ash reprocesses the formula and preparation method that homogeneous refractory raw material is made
CN114229859A (en) * 2022-01-18 2022-03-25 大连易舜绿色科技有限公司 Method for producing electrofused mullite by using industrial aluminum ash
CN116573921A (en) * 2023-07-10 2023-08-11 中国环境科学研究院 Large-size high-strength light ceramsite based on solid waste and preparation method thereof
CN116573921B (en) * 2023-07-10 2023-10-13 中国环境科学研究院 Large-size high-strength light ceramsite based on solid waste and preparation method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO20050614L (en) 2006-08-04
NO325204B1 (en) 2008-02-25
NO20050614D0 (en) 2005-02-03

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