Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
  • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
  • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
  • B29C65/24—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools characterised by the means for heating the tool
  • B29C65/245—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools characterised by the means for heating the tool the heat transfer being achieved contactless, e.g. by radiation
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
  • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
  • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
  • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
  • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
  • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
  • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
  • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
  • B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
  • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
  • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
  • B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
  • B29C66/5346—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat
  • B29C66/53461—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat joining substantially flat covers and/or substantially flat bottoms to open ends of container bodies
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
  • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
  • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
  • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
  • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
  • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
  • B29C66/816—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
  • B29C66/8163—Self-aligning to the joining plane, e.g. mounted on a ball and socket
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
  • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
  • B29C66/816—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
  • B29C66/8167—Quick change joining tools or surfaces
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
  • B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
  • B29C66/822—Transmission mechanisms
  • B29C66/8221—Scissor or lever mechanisms, i.e. involving a pivot point
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
  • B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
  • B29C66/822—Transmission mechanisms
  • B29C66/8227—Transmission mechanisms using springs
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
  • B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
  • B29C66/824—Actuating mechanisms
  • B29C66/8242—Pneumatic or hydraulic drives
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
  • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
  • B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
  • B29C66/8341—Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types
  • B29C66/83411—Roller, cylinder or drum types
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
  • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
  • B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
  • B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
  • B29C66/91211—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods
  • B29C66/91216—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature with special temperature measurement means or methods enabling contactless temperature measurements, e.g. using a pyrometer
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
  • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
  • B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
  • B29C66/9121—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature
  • B29C66/91231—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature of the joining tool
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
  • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
  • B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
  • B29C66/9131—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
  • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
  • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
  • B29C66/9161—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
  • B29C66/91651—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by controlling or regulating the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
  • B29C66/93—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the speed
  • B29C66/934—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the speed by controlling or regulating the speed
  • B29C66/93451—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the speed by controlling or regulating the speed by controlling or regulating the rotational speed, i.e. the speed of revolution
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
  • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
  • B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
  • B29C2035/0822—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using IR radiation
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/004—Preventing sticking together, e.g. of some areas of the parts to be joined
  • B29C66/0042—Preventing sticking together, e.g. of some areas of the parts to be joined of the joining tool and the parts to be joined
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
  • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
  • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
  • B29C66/8122—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
  • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
  • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
  • B29C66/8126—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
  • B29C66/81261—Thermal properties, e.g. thermal conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
  • B29C66/87—Auxiliary operations or devices
  • B29C66/874—Safety measures or devices
  • B29C66/8746—Detecting the absence of the articles to be joined
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
  • B29C66/96—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process
  • B29C66/961—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process involving a feedback loop mechanism, e.g. comparison with a desired value
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2101/00—Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
  • B29K2101/12—Thermoplastic materials
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
  • B29K2905/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, as mould material
  • B29K2905/02—Aluminium

Definitions

• TITLE "Hot roller device in particular for heat-sealing thermoplastic materials"
• the invention relates to a hot roller device for performing continuous operations involving heating or heat-sealing of thermoplastic materials.
• the roller in question is, for example, able to release heat to continuous films of plastic material unwound from a reel or to thermoplastic film packages which close in a sealed and adhesive manner trays with the product, as described for example in the Italian patent applications Nos. BO2003A-759 and BO2004A-350 in the name of the same Applicant or in order to perform the continuous heat-sealing, along the edge of trays with the product inside, of a lid of thermoplastic film obtained for example from a continuous film unwound from a reel, for forming packages of the so-called Top Seal or Tray Seal type.
• rollers or cylinders which are heated by internal electric resistances, which are usually integral with the said roller and which therefore rotate together with the latter and are connected to an external and fixed electric power supply source by means of a rotating coupling usually consisting of a slip ring with brushes.
• the welding roller also usually has, mounted thereon, heat sensors which are also connected to an external and fixed interface, for controlling the said resistances, via one path of the said slip ring with brushes.
• the invention aims to overcome these and other drawbacks of the known art by means of the following proposed solution which eliminates completely the use of the said slip ring.
• One or more heat sources are situated inside the roller and irradiate the said heat in a distributed manner over the whole working length of the said roller and radially, outwards, in at least one zone of the round angle, or in several zones which are angularly equidistant from each other, or over the entire round angle.
• the heat source or sources are mounted on a fixed support structure on which the welding roller is rotatably mounted and this support structure protrudes from at least one end of the said roller for constraining to a support means, the said structure being axially hollow so as to allow the passage of the electric power supply cables of the said fixed heating source or sources.
• the roller is uniformly heated also as a result of the rotation which is imparted to it and maintained by suitable means, both during the welding stage and during the rest stage.
• the inner surface of the said roller is suitably blacked so as to absorb more easily the infrared rays of the heating source or sources and the outer surface of the said roller is suitably treated so as to be non-adhesive with respect to the plastic material to be heat-welded.
• the heating roller is moreover designed to be able to perform a slight oscillation about at least one outer axis, perpendicular to the centre of its axis of rotation, so as to be able to adhere uniformly to the material to be heat-welded, even if it is not perfectly flat.
• the outer structure which supports the welding roller is normally arranged so as to be able to perform a controlled movement for moving the said roller towards or away from the material to be welded.
• the heat irradiated by the welding roller is sensed by at least one infrared ray temperature sensor, situated externally and at a short distance from the hot side surface of the said roller and supported by means associated with those which support the said welding roller.
• Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of the welding roller viewed frontally and partly sectioned along its axis of rotation
• - Fig. 2 shows other details of the welding roller according to Figure 1 , sectioned transversely along the line M-Il; - Figs. 3 and 4 show a side elevation view of the details relating to possible means for transmitting the rotational movement to the welding roller;
• - Fig. 5 shows a front elevation view, with parts sectioned, of the means for rotation of the welding roller as per the preceding claims and according to a variation of embodiment
• - Fig. 6 shows a constructional variation of the welding roller, viewed frontally and partly sectioned along the axis of rotation;
• FIG. 7 shows other details of the roller according to Figure 6, sectioned transversely along the line VII-VII.
• Figures 1 and 2 illustrate the technical problem which the invention aims to solve and its possible industrial application, which consists in heat-sealing in a uniformly distributed manner a horizontal sheet of film 1 of thermoplastic material unwound for example from a reel by suitable means, not shown, onto the horizontal edge 102 of a tray 2 with the product inside, which sits inside the seat 103 of a horizontal and flat counter-die 3 fixed to a carriage 4 and which with its edge 102 rests on a slightly raised rim 203 of this counter-die, made for example of a suitable silicone rubber.
• the carriage 4 with the counter-die 3 and with the tray 2 are fed forwards in the same direction F1 and at the same speed, and the said film is welded onto the edge 102 of the tray by means of a hot roller 5 with a width suitably greater than the width of the tray to be sealed, including the edge 102, this roller 5 being situated with its axis perpendicular to the displacement F1 , parallel with the said counter-die and being made to rotate on the film in a rolling manner by suitable means, with a peripheral speed F2 equal to and in the same direction as the linear speed of displacement F1 , while the same roller 5 is pushed by other means downwards with an appropriate pressure and with a sufficient degree of freedom of transverse oscillation (see below) so as to cause the film to adhere uniformly onto the edge 102 of the tray, even if this edge is not arranged perfectly and uniformly on a horizontal plane, also in view of the resilient reaction of the resilient rim 203 of the counter-
• the welding roller 5 is formed by a tubular sleeve with a round cross-section 105, having a wall about 4 mm thick, made of any suitable material which is a good heat conductor and has a good mechanical strength, for example an aluminium alloy, the inner side surface of which is blackened by means of a suitable process, for example anodization, so as to be able to absorb more easily the infrared rays emitted by the internal heat source, as described further below.
• the outer side surface of the sleeve 105 is instead treated in any way so as to be heat-resistant and non-adhesive in relation to the thermoplastic material 1 to be welded, for example using a material and a process known by the registered trademark Plasmacoat® or using equivalent materials and techniques.
• the larger-diameter flanges of bushes 6, 7 which are made of any heat- insulating material with a good mechanical strength, for example any suitable synthetic material reinforced with heat-insulating fibres (glass, rock wool or the like), are inserted inside the ends of the sleeve 105 with a high degree of precision, and the said ends of the sleeve 105 are fixed to the flanges of these bushes for example by means of small screws 8 which are uniformly distributed.
• the bushes 6 and 7 are rotatably supported, via bearings 9, by the ends 1 10, 210, axially aligned with each other, of a structure 10 for example in the form of a cradle, which is made of any suitable heat-insulating material with a good mechanical strength and which has, for example in the middle part, a seat 1 1 inside which it is possible to fix with screws 12 the middle lug 1 13 of the ceramic and reflective screen of an infrared ray source 13, this screen having a rectilinear form, with a cross-section in the form of a circle, parallel to the sleeve 105 and being directed towards the material to be welded 1 with its concave surface, on which there are arranged, in a known manner, electric resistances which produce the infrared radiation necessary for heating, in a uniformly distributed manner and along the whole of its length, part of the circumference of the said sleeve 105 and therefore for
• the structure 10 may be usefully equipped with end flanges 310 which form protective screens for the inner ends of the bushes 6 and 7, so as to prevent heat passing to the outside via the bearings 9 which will in any case be of the type able to withstand the heat.
• the heating device 13, 1 13 is, for example, a ceramic infrared irradiator of the ROTFIL make.
• the ends 1 10 and 210 of the structure 10 project from the bushes 6 and 7 with sections having a sufficient length such that they may be fixed to the uprights of a small gantry structure 14 of the composite type which, with its beam 1 14, is situated parallel to and above the roller 5, at an appropriate distance from the latter, and which is made completely or at least lined over its part which is most exposed to the heat with any suitable heat-insulating material.
• the middle of the said beam 1 14 is pivotably hinged transversely at 15, with the possibility of performing a small oscillation about the said pivot 15, on a fork member 16 fixed to the end of an arm 17 which is parallel to the roller 5 and which at the other end is fixed to a slide 18 sliding on a vertical guide 19 in turn fixed to the frame 20 of the machine, the said slide being biased upwards by a spring 21 and being designed so that it may be lowered, and if necessary also raised in the case where the said spring 21 has only the function of balancing the weight of the entire moving part, by means of a pneumatic cylinder and piston unit 22 which is fixed with its body for example to a cross member 1 19 of the said guide 19 and connected to means which, during the active working stroke of the welding roller, supply it with air at appropriate pressure values for performing retraction of its stem.
• the welding roller 5 may in this way act on the surface to be welded with the pressure necessary for correctly performing heat- sealing and may be adapted to this surface even if the latter is not absolutely flat, owing to the possibility of performing a slight oscillation about the said pivot 15.
• the arm 17 is axially hollow so that it may be passed through by a first electric cable 23 which emerges laterally from the said arm via a cable muff 24 and which passes through the axial cavity 25 of the end 210 of the structure 10 inside the roller 5 so as to pass through a channel 26 of this structure and be connected to terminals of the electric power supply circuit for the electric resistances associated with the infrared ray source 13.
• the axial cavity of the arm 17 also has, passing through it, an electric cable 27 which emerges through an end cable muff 28 and which is connected to an infrared ray temperature-measuring probe 29 which is fixed onto the beam 1 14 of the gantry 14 and directed with its sensitive end perpendicularly in the direction of the sleeve 105 of the roller 5, so as to detect the heat irradiated by the latter.
• the cable 27 is connected to an external and fixed interface, not shown in the drawings, to which the cable 23 is connected, for controlling operation of the electric heating resistances of the source 13.
• the roller 5 may be caused to rotate in the working direction indicated by the arrow F2 by the following means illustrated in Figure 1 and in Figures 3 and 4.
• a toothed wheel 30 is keyed or formed integrally on one of the end bushes of the roller 5, for example onto the bush 7, while the close end 210 of the fixed structure which supports the heating structure has, hinged thereon, the end of a toggle 31 which is pivotably hinged with the other end, at 32, on a part 120 fixed to the frame 20 of the machine and which on this pivot 32 supports, rotatably and integral with each other (see below), a pair of toothed wheels 33 and 34, the outer one 33 of which meshes with an idle wheel 35 which is rotatable on the middle hinged joint 131 of the toggle 31 and which meshes with the toothed wheel 30 of the welding roller 5, while the inner toothed wheel 34 meshes permanently with a horizontal rack 36 fixed laterally to a side of the carriage 4.
• the diameter of the toothed wheels 30, 35, 33, 34 is related to the outer diameter of the roller 5 so that, when the carriage 4 performs its active working stroke with displacement in the direction of the arrow F1 of Figure 2 and when the said roller is lowered onto the material to be heat-welded, as shown in Figures 2 and 4, the same roller 5 rotates in the direction of the arrow F2 rolling forwards on the carriage during this displacement, rotating at a peripheral speed strictly the same as the linear advancing speed of the product to be welded 1 , 102 situated on the counter-die 3 associated with the said carriage 4 so as to avoid any relative movements and ensure that the weld formed is without folds and with sealing properties.
• the welding roller 5 is raised into the rest position as shown in Figure 3, special means intervene in order to raise the tray from the opening 103 of the counter-die and then the carriage 4 with the said counter-die moves in a direction opposite to the previous direction, as shown in Figure 3, so as to return into the start-of-cycle station and receive a new tray to be sealed.
• the welding roller 5 receives from the rack 36 and from the gearing 34, 33, 35, 30 the torque necessary for being kept rotating about its axis, even though with a rotation in the opposite direction to that of the active stroke, but still necessary for ensuring that the heat supplied by the source 13 is distributed uniformly over the entire side wall 105 of the said roller.
• programming means are envisaged for operating the said carriage so as to reverse immediately rotation and perform an idle working stroke, with the welding roller 5 raised, with the sole purpose of keeping this component rotating, for uniform distribution of the heat onto its side wall 105.
• the welding roller 5 is kept rotating by a small electric motor 38 which is mounted with its body for example on the support 120 (see Figure 5) and is such as to act on the wheel 33, so that the latter and the wheel 5 rotate in the appropriate direction and with sufficient speed.
• a small electric motor 38 which is mounted with its body for example on the support 120 (see Figure 5) and is such as to act on the wheel 33, so that the latter and the wheel 5 rotate in the appropriate direction and with sufficient speed.
• the welding roller 5 may be made to rotate and kept rotating by an electric motor with electronic speed and phase control, connected via an electric shaft to the motor for displacing the carriage 4.
• the core 39 is in turn made of or lined at least externally with any suitable heat- insulating material and by means of the bearings 9 supports the bushes 6 and 7 to which the ends of the sleeve 105 of the welding roller 5 are fixed.
• Vertical cross- pieces 42 made of any heat-insulating material are fixed, by means of screws 41 , in an equidistant position from the pivot pins 40, onto the core 39, said cross-pieces forming with their ends pairs of opposite supports for the reflectors of corresponding infrared ray sources 13, 13' which heat along the whole length diametrically opposite zones of the sleeve 105 of the welding roller and which are fixed to the said cross- members by means of small brackets 43, 43' and corresponding screws 44, 44'.
• the middle lugs 1 13, 113' of the heating sources 13, 13' pass with play through windows 45, 45' in the arm 17 and the core 39 and the terminals of the respective electric resistances are connected to the electric power supply cable 23 which enters via the hollow arm 17, as in the previous solution.
• the temperature sensor 29, which differently from that shown in Figure 6 is preferably positioned adjacent to the sleeve 105 of the roller 5 in an arrangement parallel to the pivot pins 40, so as not to modify its distance from the said sleeve when the said roller oscillates on the pivots 40, is supported by a small arm 46 which is fixed to the slide 18 and which also acts as a guide and protective heat-insulating screen for the electric cable 27 joined at its end to the said heat sensor.
• the end bush 7 of the welding roller supports, fixed laterally with screws 46, the toothed wheel 30 with which the toothed wheel 35 of the device for driving the said roller 5 meshes, which device may be of the type described with reference to the preceding solution or may consist of a small electric motor 47 with electronic speed and phase control, which is mounted with its body on the slide 18 and on the spindle of which the said toothed wheel 35 is keyed and which is connected via its electric shaft to the motor for displacement of the carriage 4 according to Figures 1 and 2.
• the toothed wheels 30 and 35 are formed with specially profiled teeth which allow a sufficient degree of relative axial oscillation of these wheels, while they remain meshed with a predetermined and constant transmission ratio.
• the protective scope of the invention also extends to alternative solutions according to which the tray and the film remain stationary, while the welding roller 5 moves and rotates in a rolling manner on the latter, or also to composite solutions according to which the tray and the film are displaced horizontally and the welding roller rotates in the appropriate direction and also moves horizontally and in the opposite direction.
• the relative movement of the welding roller and the material to be welded towards and away from each may also envisage the mobility of the said material to be welded in this connection.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

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Citations (5)

• 2005
  • 2005-02-10 IT IT000066A patent/ITBO20050066A1/it unknown
• 2006
  • 2006-01-31 WO PCT/EP2006/050554 patent/WO2006084805A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation

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