WO2006047416A2 - Produit alimentaire pour animaux ameliore au mangouste - Google Patents

Produit alimentaire pour animaux ameliore au mangouste Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006047416A2
WO2006047416A2 PCT/US2005/038183 US2005038183W WO2006047416A2 WO 2006047416 A2 WO2006047416 A2 WO 2006047416A2 US 2005038183 W US2005038183 W US 2005038183W WO 2006047416 A2 WO2006047416 A2 WO 2006047416A2
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Prior art keywords
food product
percent
weight
animal food
amount
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PCT/US2005/038183
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English (en)
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WO2006047416A3 (fr
Inventor
John W. Wadsworth
Stephen P. Story
Bing-Nan Zhou
Robert V. Ogden
Richard G. Godbee
Afa K. Palu
C. Jarakee Jensen
Original Assignee
Wadsworth John W
Story Stephen P
Bing-Nan Zhou
Ogden Robert V
Godbee Richard G
Palu Afa K
Jensen C Jarakee
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Application filed by Wadsworth John W, Story Stephen P, Bing-Nan Zhou, Ogden Robert V, Godbee Richard G, Palu Afa K, Jensen C Jarakee filed Critical Wadsworth John W
Publication of WO2006047416A2 publication Critical patent/WO2006047416A2/fr
Publication of WO2006047416A3 publication Critical patent/WO2006047416A3/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/40—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for carnivorous animals, e.g. cats or dogs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/116—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A23K20/121—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen or sulfur as hetero atom

Definitions

  • the field of the invention relates to animal food products, and more particularly to animal food products for domestic, exotic and companion animals.
  • the present invention relates to an improved animal food product and composition enhanced with Garcinia mangostana L. ("Mangosteen") or Mangosteen dietary fiber.
  • Animal food products designed for domestic animals, livestock, or pets, and particularly companion animals, such as dogs and cats, are generally and preferably prepared as full-feeding foods, which means that the particular composition contains all the necessary nutrients and supplements needed to maintain the health and vigor of the pet.
  • the food composition is balanced in nutrition so that a diet limited to that particular feed will fulfill all of the pet's nutritional needs.
  • Such food products are achievable in two ways. First, industry guidelines, as set and monitored by the Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO), are provided in order to ensure a proper balance of nutrients; and second, each animal food product is actually tested in its specific formulations in appropriate feeding studies.
  • AAFCO Association of American Feed Control Officials
  • the typical ingredients contained witliin a pet food formulation are protein, carbohydrates, fat, vitamins and minerals. Each of these is present in varying percentages by weight of the specific formulation or composition, sufficient to meet the complete nutritional requirements of the pet. In addition, other ingredients may be added depending upon the specific needs of the animal for which the food is intended.
  • a wide variety of different animal food formulations are commercially available. Most include either wet or dry type products. The definition of wet or dry is derived from the percentage of water existing in the formulation by weight.
  • animal food formulations are designed to be consumed by any breed.
  • the nutrients or ingredients in these formulations are not typically designed to provide specific advantages to a pet if desired or needed.
  • animal food formulations have been designed with a specific goal in mind.
  • Many animal food formulations available on the market today are specialized in that they may cater to animals of different ages, different breeds, or those with certain needs, such as obesity, bone loss, etc.
  • Other formulations address different energy requirements among animals.
  • An additional segment of "the animal food market incorporates differences in ingredient usage or product foam, which tend to lend themselves to more attractive tastes or varieties. Garcinia mangostana L.
  • Garcinia mangostana L. (“Mangosteen") is an evergreen tree about ten to twenty-five meters tall. Mangosteen fruit is often called “Queen of Fruits” due to its pleasant flavor.
  • the mangosteen fruit is round with slightly flattened ends and is about 6 to 7 cm in diameter. It has a smooth thick, firm rind that is pale green when immature and dark purple or red-purple when ripe. Enclosed by the rind is the edible pulp in four to eight white segments. Some fruits have no seeds (seedless) while others have 1-5 fully developed seeds.
  • the present invention is directed to a method of implementing Garicinia mangostana L., ("Mangosteen") into various compositions and formulas of animal food products.
  • Garicinia mangostana L. (“Mangosteen") into various compositions and formulas of animal food products.
  • a quantity of Garicinia mangostana L. fruit juice and pulp is obtained, using the process as described below.
  • the resulting fruit juice and dietary fiber is added to an animal food product for providing significant health advantages over prior art animal food products.
  • the Mangosteen fruit juice is obtained from the puree of the Mangosteen fruit and is further processed into fruit juice, wherein it may be added or mixed with other ingredients.
  • the wet pulp is filtered, from the juice, wherein the wet pulp has a fiber content of from about 10 to 40 percent, by weight.
  • the wet pulp is preferably pasteurized at a temperature of at least 181 0 F (83°C).
  • the wet pulp can be dried or used wet. Drying is preferably accomplished using conventional drying techniques, such as freeze drying, drum drying, tray drying, sun drying, and spray drying.
  • the dried Garicinia mangostana L. pulp preferably has a moisture content in the range from 0.1 to 15 percent by ⁇ veight and a fiber content in the range from 0.1 to 99 percent by weight.
  • the Garicinia mangostana L. pulp can be further processed into a high fiber dietary product containing additional ingredients, such as a supplemental dietary fiber, a sweetener, a flavoring agent, coloring agent, and/or a nutritional ingredient.
  • additional ingredients such as a supplemental dietary fiber, a sweetener, a flavoring agent, coloring agent, and/or a nutritional ingredient.
  • a quantity of Garicinia mangostana L. juice and pulp is obtained and pasteurized or enzymatically treated.
  • the juice and pulp mixture is then dried to a moisture content less than about 20%, by weight.
  • the dried juice and pulp contains protein from the Garicinia mangostana L. plant at a concentration typically from 0.1 to 15 percent by weight, and fiber at a concentration from 0.1 to 90 percent by weight. Additional ingredients are preferably mixed to the dried juice and pulp, such as a supplemental nutritional ingredient with the juice and pulp.
  • the preferred embodiments of the present invention provide an animal food product comprising Garicinia mangostana L., or Mangosteen.
  • the preferred embodiments of the present invention provide an animal food product having significant health benefits.
  • the present invention features an animal food product comprising protein, fats, vitamins, minerals, ⁇ vater, and carbohydrates, wherein the carbohydrates comprise Garicinia mangostana L. present in an amount by weight from about 1 to 50 percent of the total dietary fiber contained within the animal food product.
  • the present invention also features a process for feeding an animal comprising the step of feeding the animal a diet of an animal food product containing an effective amount of Garicinia mangostana L. dietary fiber comprising 1 to 50 percent by weight of the total dietary fiber composition contained therein.
  • Garcinia mangostana L. (“mangosteen") is one fruit from the family Guttiferae.
  • the mangosteen tree is very slow growing, erect, with a pyramidal crown.
  • the mangosteen tree reaches a height of between 20 to 82 ft (6-25 m).
  • the mangosteen tree has dark-brown or nearly black, flaking bark, the inner bark containing much yellow, gummy, bitter latex.
  • the evergreen, opposite, short-stalked leaves are ovate-oblong or elliptic, leathery and thick, dark-green, slightly glossy above, yellowish-green and dull beneath; 3 1/2 to 10 in (9-25 cm) long, 1 3/4 to 4 in (4.5-10 cm) wide, with conspicuous, pale midrib.
  • HSfew leaves are rosy. Flowers, 1 1/2 to 2 in (4-5 cm) wide and fleshy, may be male or hermaphrodite on the same tree.
  • the former are in clusters of 3-9 at the branch tips; tlxere are 4 sepals and 4 ovate, thick, fleshy petals, green with red spots on the outside, yellowish-red inside, and many stamens though the aborted anthers bear no pollen.
  • the hermaphrodite are borne singly or in pairs at the tips of young branchlets; their petals may be yellowish-green edged with red or mostly red, and are quickly shed.
  • the fruit capped by the prominent calyx at the stem end and with 4 to 8 triangular, flat remnants of the stigma in a rosette at the apex, is round, dark-purple to red-purple and smooth externally; 1 1/3 to 3 in (3.4-7.5 cm) in diameter.
  • the rind is 1/4 to 3/8 in (6-10 mm) thick, red in cross-section, purplish- white on the inside. It contains bitter yellow latex and a purple, staining juice.
  • the fruit may be seedless or have 1 to 5 fully developed seeds, ovoid-oblong, somewhat flattened, 1 in (2.5 cm) long and 5/8 in (1.6 cm) wide, that cling to the flesh.
  • the flesh is slightly acid and mild to distinctly acid in flavor and is deemed to be delicious.
  • mangosteens can be held 20 to 25 days. Longer periods cause the outer skin to toughen and the rind to become rubbery; later, the rind hardens and becomes difficult to open and the flesh turns dry.
  • Ripe mangosteens keep well for 3 to 4 weeks in storage at 40° to 55° F (4.44°- 12.78° C). Trials in have shown that optimum conditions for cold storage are temperatures of 39° to 42° F (3.89°-5.56° C) and relative humidity of 85 to 90%, which maintain quality for 49 days. It is recommended that the fruits be wrapped in tissue paper and packed 25-to-the-box in light wooden crates with padding. Fruits picked slightly unripe have been shipped at 50° to 55° F (1OM2.78 0 C). In a currently preferred process of producing Garicinia mangostana L. juice, the fruit is either hand picked or picked by mechanical equipment. The fruit is thoroughly cleaned after harvesting and before any processing occurs.
  • the fruit is allowed to ripen or age from zero to 14 days, with most fruit being held from two to 3 days.
  • the fruit is ripened or aged by being placed on equipment so it does not contact the ground. It is preferably covered with a cloth or netting material during aging, but can be aged without being covered.
  • the fruit is inspected for spoilage or for excessively green color and hard firmness. Spoiled and hard green fruit is separated from the acceptable fruit.
  • the ripened and aged fruit is preferably placed in plastic lined containers for further processing and transport.
  • the containers of aged fruit can be held from zero to 30 days. Most fruit containers are held for 7 to 14 days before processing.
  • the containers can optionally be stored under refrigerated conditions prior to further processing.
  • the fruit is unpacked from the storage containers and is processed through a manual or mechanical separator. The seeds and peel are separated from the juice and pulp.
  • the juice and pulp can be packaged into containers for storage and transport. Alternatively, the juice and pulp can be immediately processed into finished juice product.
  • the containers can be stored in refrigerated, frozen, or room temperature conditions.
  • the Garicinia mangostana L. juice and puree are preferably blended in a homogenous blend, after which they may be mixed with other ingredients, such as flavorings, sweeteners, nutritional ingredients, botanicals, and colorings.
  • the finished juice product is preferably heated and pasteurized at a minimum temperature of 181 0 F (83 0 C) or higher up to 212°F (100°C).
  • the product is filled and sealed into a final container of plastic, glass, or another suitable material that can withstand the processing temperatures.
  • the containers are maintained at th.e filling temperature or may be cooled rapidly and then placed in a shipping container.
  • the shipping containers are preferably wrapped with a material and in a manner to maintain or control the temperature of the product in the final containers.
  • the juice and pulp are further processed by separating the pulp from the juice through filtering equipment.
  • the filtering equipment preferably consists of, but is not limited to, a centrifuge decanter, a screen filter with a size from 0.01 micron up to 2000 microns, more preferably less than 500 microns, a filter press, reverse osmosis filtration., and any other standard commercial filtration devices.
  • the operating filter pressure preferably ranges from 0.1 psig up to about 1000 psig.
  • the flow rate preferably ranges from 0.1 g.p.m. up to 1000 g.p.m., and more preferably between 5 and 50 g.p.m.
  • the wet pulp is washed and filtered at least once and up to 10 times to remove any juice from the pulp.
  • the wet pulp typically has a fiber content of 10 to 40 percent by weight.
  • the wet pulp is preferably pasteurized at a temperature of 181 0 F (83 0 C) minimum and then packed in drums for further processing or made into a high fiber product.
  • the wet pulp may be further processed by drying.
  • the methods of drying consist of but are not limited to freeze drying, drum drying, tray drying, sun drying, and spray drying.
  • the dried Garicinia mangostana L. pulp preferably has a moisture content in the range from 5 to 9O percent by weight and more preferably from 5 to 10 percent by weight.
  • the dried pulp preferably has a fiber content in the range from 0.1 to 30 percent by weight, and more preferably from 5 to 15 percent by weight.
  • the high fiber product typically includes, but is not limited to, wet or dry Garicinia mangostana L. pulp, supplemental fiber ingredients, water, sweeteners, flavoring agents, coloring agents, and nutritional ingredients.
  • the supplemental fiber ingredients can include, but are not limited to plant based fiber products, either commercially available or developed privately. Examples of some typical fiber products are guar gum, gum arabic, soy bean fiber, oat fiber, pea fiber, fig fiber, citrus pulp sacs, hydroxymethylcellulose, cellulose, seaweed, food grade lumber or wood pulp, hemicellulose, etc.
  • Other supplemental fiber ingredients may be derived from grains or grain products. The concentrations of these other fiber raw materials typically range from 0 up to 30 percent, by weight, and more preferably from 10 to 30 percent by weight.
  • Typical sweeteners typically include, but are not limited to, natural sugars derived from corn, sugar beet, sugar cane, potato, tapioca, or other starch-containing sources that can be chemically or enzymatically converted to crystalline chunks, powders, and/or syrups.
  • sweeteners can consist of artificial or high intensity sweeteners, some of which are aspartame, sucralose, stevia, saccr ⁇ arin, etc.
  • the concentration of sweeteners is preferably between from 0 to 50 percerxt by weight, of the formula, and more preferably between about 1 and 5 percent by weight.
  • Typical flavors can include, but are not limited to, artificial and/or natural flavor or ingredients that contribute to palatability.
  • concentration of flavors is preferably from 0 up to 15 percent by weight, of the formula.
  • Colors prefexably include, but are not limited to, food grade artificial or natural coloring agents having a concentration ranging from O up to 10 percent by weight, of the formula.
  • Typical nutritional ingredients consist of but are not limited to vitamins, minerals, trace elements, herbs, botanical extracts, bioactive chemicals and compounds at concentrations from 0 up to 10 percent by weight.
  • vitamins one can add to the fiber composition include, but are not limited to, vitamins A, Bl through B 12, C, D, E, Folic Acid, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, etc.
  • minerals and trace elements one can add to the fiber composition include, but are not limited to, calcium, chromium, copper, cobalt, boron, magnesium, iron, selenium, manganese, molybdenum, potassium, iodine, zinc, phosphorus, etc.
  • Herbs and botanical extracts include, but are not limited to, alfalfa grass, bee pollen, ctilorella powder, Dong Quai powder, Ecchinacea root, Gingko Biloba extract, Horsetail herb, Indian mulberry, Shitake mushroom, spirulina seaweed, grape seed extract, etc.
  • Typical bioactive chemicals can include, but are not limited to, caffeine, ephedrine, L- carnitine, creatine, lycopene, etc.
  • the juice and pulp can be dried using a variety of methods.
  • the juice and 5 pulp mixture can be pasteurized or enzymatically treated prior to drying.
  • the enzymatic process begins with heating the product to a temperature between 75°F and 135°F. It is then treated with either a single enzyme or a combination of enzymes. These enzymes include, bizt are not limited to, amylase, lipase, protease, cellulase, bromelin, etc.
  • the juice and pulp can also be dried with other ingredients, such as
  • the typical nutritional profile of the dried juice and pulp is 1 to 20 percent moisture, 0.1 to 15 percent protein, 0.1 to 80 percent fiber, and the vitamin and mineral content.
  • the filtered juice and the water from washing the wet pulp are preferably mixed together.
  • the filtered juice is preferably vacuum evaporated to a brix of 40 to
  • the resulting concentrated Garicinia mangostana L. juice may or may not be pasteurized.
  • the juice would not be pasteurized in circumstances where the sugar content or water activity was sufficiently IO ⁇ V enough to prevent microbial growth. It is packaged for storage, transport and/or further processing.
  • Mangosteen plant is rich in natural ingredients. Those ingredients that have been discovered include xanthones.
  • the rind of partially ripe fruits yields a polyhydroxy-xanthone derivative termed mangostin, also ⁇ -mangostin. That of fully ripe fruits contains the xanthones, gartanin, 8-disoxygartanin, and normangostin.
  • a derivative of mangostin, mangostin-e, 6-di-O-glucoside, is a central nervous system
  • the methanol extract of the fruit hulls of mangosteen exhibits potent radical scavenging effect.
  • the antioxidative activity of xanthones present in mangosteen is more potent antioxidative activity than BHA and alpha-tocopherol.
  • the mangosteen fruit contains a compound called xanthones, which Is
  • Mangosteen has been known to provide a number of anecdotal effects for antioxidant protection against free radicals, maintains immune system health, promotes joint flexibility, provides positive mental support, reduces allergies, reduces joint inflammation, and prevents cancer and others.
  • Free radicals are atoms or groups of atoms with an odd number of (unpaired) electrons. Free radicals are very unstable and react quickly with other compounds. Once formed, free radicals can start a chain reaction of cell damage finally resulting in death of the cell.
  • Antioxidants such as vitamins A, C, and E, and selenium, are chemicals found in whole foods (especially fruits and vegetables) that help to protect the body's cells from the harmful effects of free radicals.
  • Xanthone is a compound found in mangosteen fruit that may have antioxidant properties. A variety of xanthones can be isolated from mangosteen plants and fruits including the hull, rind, heartwood, and flesh.
  • xanthones found in the mangosteen fruit were isolated from the fruit peel. These xanthones were then tested in vitro (in a test tube) on various tissue cell carcinomas. Of the six xanthones isolated, garcinone E was found to have potent cytotoxic (cancer fighting) effects on cancer cells of the liver, stomach, and lung.
  • gamma-mangostin was found to directly inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme activity in rat glioma cells. The COX enzyme catalyzes the first step in the creation of prostaglandins from a common fatty acid.
  • the present invention contemplates utilizing various parts of the mangosteen plant.
  • Raw materials and potential raw materials that the present invention contemplates using may be chosen from a list comprising: peel or rind extract (e.g., Xanthone), fruit juice fiber, peel or rind fiber, fruit juice concentrate, single strength juice, rind and fruit concentrate combination, and rind and fruit fiber combination. II.
  • Animal food products, and particularly companion or exotic animal foods are generally classified into three types distinguished by their water content, namely (1) dry pet foods which generally have a water content of less than about 15% by weight, (2) soft and wet pet foods which generally have a water content of 20 to 45% by weight, and (3) pet foods which have a high water content of more than 45*% by weight.
  • the animal food products (3) having a high water content are generally sold in canned form. These canned foods require retorting because the high content of water is suitable for growth of microorganisms. Moreover, after can opening, the canned foods should be stored in a refrigerated state because they undergo spoilage very soon. Thus, the foods containing a high water content in canned form require high costs for processing and canning, and are inconvenient to store.
  • Foods (1) and (2) are easy to pack and transport, and do not need to b>e refrigerated after unpacking. They are easy to give to animals, and are convenient to animal keepers.
  • Animal food products are primarily comprised of several common ingredients. These ingredients may be present in varying amounts depending upon the targeted animal for which the food is intended.
  • several nutritional supplements and dietary additives may be included in an animal food product.
  • the types and amounts of the ingredients and dietary supplements existing in a particular animal food, product largely depends upon the animal for which the food is intended. For instance, depending upon an animal's age, weight, or species, the animal food product may comprise differing compositions or amounts by weight of ingredients and/or dietary supplements. Other factors might include whether an animal is sick, or is known to possess a genetic defect or disease, or whether an animal is allergic or prone to adverse reactions to certain kinds of ingredients.
  • Still other animal food products are designed to increase the nutritional value of the food product. This may be accomplished by various means such as providing a food product that is high in protein, low in calories, or that provides a greater number of essential vitamins and minerals, etc. a. Common Animal Food Product Ingredients
  • ingredients or nutrients found in animal food products can be divided into several subcategories. These categories, which are discussed in greater detail below, include protein, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and minerals, and water. Several different types of these ingredients are available and one ordinarily skilled in the art will be able to recognize that several different types may be present in a particular composition depending upon the targeted animal.
  • Protein Common animal food protein sources include meat, fish, and some plant ingredients. Protein has many functions in the body, but is best known for supplying amino acids, or protein subunits, to build hair, skin, nails, muscles, tendons, ligaments, and cartilage. Protein also plays a main role in hormone production. Animals, particularly dogs and felines, require essential amino acids, such as taurine for cats, that are not all found in single plant protein sources. In addition, for a protein source they may contain poultry meal, by-product meat, meat and bone meal, or other animal or fish meal by-products. At times as well, grain protein supplements such as corn gluten, soybean meal or other oil seed meals may be added.
  • grain protein supplements such as corn gluten, soybean meal or other oil seed meals may be added.
  • Carbohydrates Common carbohydrate sources are plants and grains. Carbohydrates, also categorized as starches (sugars) and fibers, provide energy and bulk, respectively. Starches are made up of various types of sugar, such as glucose or fructose. Sugar can be easily converted by the dog or cat through digestion into usable energy.
  • Fiber may or may not be fermented — broken down into short-chain fatty acids ⁇ by bacteria in an animal's intestines.
  • Highly fermentable fiber sources such as vegetable gums, provide high amounts of short-chain fatty acids.
  • Moderately fermentable fibers, such as beet pulp provide short-chain fatty acids and bulk for moving waste.
  • Slightly fermentable fibers, such as cellulose provide mainly bulk for moving waste through the digestive tract and only a few short-chain fatty acids.
  • Selected fibers comprising the total dietary fiber content may comprise:
  • Fats are found in meats, fish, and plant oils, such as flax and vegetable oils. Fat, for all its bad press, fulfills many vital body functions. Animal cell membranes are made of fat. Fat is also responsible for helping maintain body temperature, controlling inflammation, and more. Fat is the primary form, of stored energy in the body — providing twice as much energy as carbohydrates ox proteins. Fats also provide the important fat subunits, omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids. Omega-6 fatty acids are essential for maintenance of skin and coat and proper membrane structure. Omega-3 fatty acids have been shown to be important in blood clotting and decreasing inflammation. Vitamins &. Minerals. Vitamins are responsible for aiding functions such as bone growth, blood clotting, energy production, and oxidant protection.
  • Vitamins A, D, E, and K require fat for absorption into the body, while vitamins such as the B- complex vitamins and vitamin C, need water to be absorbed into the body.
  • Minerals provide skeletal support and aid in nerve transmission and muscle contractions. Water. Water is the single most important nutrient for the body. Without it, the body cannot transport nutrients, digest nutrients for energy, regulate temperature, or eliminate waste.
  • compositions or amounts present by weight of each of these ingredients varies from product to product. However, for the most part, the percentages by weight are: Protein from 14% to 50%, usually 20% to 25%; fat from 5% to 25%; carbohydrates, where fiber is typically present in the range of from about 3% to 14%, usually about 5% to 7%; vitamins and minerals from 1% to 10%; and water or other moisture ingredients making up the remainder.
  • Protein from 14% to 50% usually 20% to 25%
  • fat from 5% to 25%
  • carbohydrates where fiber is typically present in the range of from about 3% to 14%, usually about 5% to 7%
  • vitamins and minerals from 1% to 10% and water or other moisture ingredients making up the remainder.
  • water or other moisture ingredients making up the remainder.
  • EXAMPLE ONE hi one composition ingredients are designed and included to improve several important clinical indicators in an animal suffering from renal disease. These needs are met by providing a pet food composition, which improves several important clinical indicators in the renal patient and includes adequate protein, has low phosphorus levels, improves metabolic buffering, and lowers blood triglyceride levels in the animal.
  • the animal is fed a composition comprising 17 to about 22 percent crude protein, about 13 to about 15 percent fat, about 7 to about 12 percent total dietary fiber, and fermentable fibers which have an organic matter disappearance of 15 to 60 percent when fermented by fecal bacteria for a 24 hour period, the fibers being present in amounts from about 1 to 11 weight percent of supplemental total dietary fiber.
  • the animal is maintained on the diet for a sufficient period of time to reduce BUN and creatinine levels in the animal.
  • the fermentable fibers are selected from the group consisting of beet pulp, gum arabic, gurn talha, psyllium, rice bran, carob bean gum, citrus pulp, pectin, fructooligosaccliarides, mannanoligosaccharides and mixtures thereof. Most preferably, the fermentable fibers are beet pulp or a blend of beet pulp, gum talha or gum arabic, and fructooligosaccharides.
  • the composition may also have a phosphorus content of less than about 0.50%, and preferably less than about 0.25%, by weight to prevent hyperphosphatemia.
  • the composition may also optionally contain potassium citrate as a metabolic buffering agent. Inclusion of potassium citrate has been found to ameliorate metabolic acidosis in animals with renal disease.
  • Pets similar to humans, exhibit significant genetic diversity, which affects their overall health and nutritional requirements. Ingredient tolerance and nutrient metabolism differ among breeds. Breed-specific dog food formulations that comprise chicken meat as the major ingredient, rice as the predominant (or sole) grain source, fruit and/or vegetable fiber as the primary or sole fiber source, unique fat and antioxidant blend, vitamins, herbs and spices, carotenoids, and no corn or artificial colors, preservatives, flavors or sugars may be provided to cater to these specific needs.
  • breeding-specific dog food formulations may comprise the following unique combination of ingredients and features: (i) chicken meat and/or n ⁇ eal as the primary ingredient (and only meat source); (ii) rice as the primary grain source; (iii) unique antioxidant blend; (iv) unique fat blend; (v) organic minerals; (vi) xmique fiber blend; (vii) specific combinations of herbs and species; (viii) no added artificial colors or preservatives, flavors or sugars; and (ix) nutrition substantiation through AAFCO feeding studies.
  • pet food formulations having the above ingredients and features, provide: (1) total digestibility ranges from 85-90%; (2) no meat products other than chicken meat and/or meal; (3) absence of any corn; (4) a blend of ⁇ vitamins including tocopherols, vitamin C (ascorbic acid), minerals (copper, zinc and iron in inorganic and organic complex form), carotenoids (e.g., beta carotene and lutein), and herbs (including rosemary); (5) a fat blend including canola oil, salmon oil and evening primrose oil; (6) fruit and/or vegetable fiber rather than grains, such as tomato pomace, as the primary fiber source; (7) herbs and spices including spearmint, ginger, ginseng, ginkgo, parsley and Yucca schidigera extract; and (8) kib> ⁇ ble size, shape, feed recommendations tailored to specific breed.
  • a healthy immune system plays an important role both in preventing and fighting disease. Enhancing immune response and improving the overall health of companion animals, such as felines and dogs, is achievable through, a pet food supplement and process, which includes beneficial amounts of .beta.-carotene in the animal's diet. Some studies have reported only low to undetectable amounts of .beta.- carotene in the circulating blood and organs of dogs. Further, because of the known inability of cats to convert .beta.-carotene to vitamin A, their diets liave not included .beta.-carotene supplements.
  • the animal is fed a diet, which includes from about 1 to about 50 mg/day of .beta.-carotene (from about 6 to about 315 mg .beta.-carotene/kg diet).
  • a diet which includes from about 1 to about 50 mg/day of .beta.-carotene (from about 6 to about 315 mg .beta.-carotene/kg diet).
  • Such a diet provides sufficient .beta.-carotene to be absorbed by the animal and. supplied to the blood and blood leukocytes and neutrophils in the animal.
  • Obesity is the most common nutritional disease of companion pets in an affluent society. It in fact exceeds by far all deficiency diseases combined. Obesity generally is considered present when body weight of the companion pet is 15% or more greater than optimum, which is the point at which health problems begin increasing with increasing weight. It has, for example, been reported that in affluent societies from 24% to 44% of the dogs are obese. Generally spealcing, the incidence of obesity in companion pets increases with the age of the pet. Similar to humans, as the animals age body fat increases, and the amount of lean body mass decreases.
  • a dog food composition may be provided, which contains a small, but effective amount of simmondsin component to provide a simmondsin activity within the range of about 0.1 to about 1.5 percent by weight of the composition.
  • Weight reduction and obesity prevention is accomplished by adding pet food that contains the above-defined range of simmondsin activity, contributed by simmondsin analogues or mixtures thereof such as that synthesized or derived from jojoba seeds or defatted jojoba seed meal, to a companion pets diet on a regular and sustained basis until sufficient weight reduction occurs, and obesity occurrence or recurrence is prevented.
  • Pet food compositions may comprise from about 0.75 to 0.95 percent by weight calcium and from about 0.62 to 0.72 percent by weight phosphorus on a total weight basis.
  • the ratio of calcium to phospliorus is greater than about 1 : 1 and is preferably about 1.2:1 to 1.3:1.
  • the composition further comprises a source of protein, a source of fiber, and a source of fat.
  • Diarrhea is defined as an increase in fecal water content with an accompanying increase in the frequency, fluidity or volume of bowel movements, hi addition, diarrhea is the primary clinical sign of intestinal disease in the dog and one of the most common presenting signs in veterinary medicine.
  • Several approaches may be taken to improve the gastrointestinal diets of companion animals to address the problem.
  • compositions use reduced fiber and fat as methods to help alleviate the diarrhea.
  • Others use high quantities of cellulose fiber to overwhelm the gastrointestinal tract with an insoluble fiber.
  • the end product of this approach is an increase in fecal bulk.
  • Another method is to provide a composition that uses moderate levels of dietary fermentable fibers to provide the intestinal tract with an ample supply of preferred oxidative fuel sources.
  • This approach seeks to relieve symptoms of chronic diarrhea by "feeding" the cells, which line the gastrointestinal tract of the animal.
  • Epithelial cells such as enterocytes and colonocytes, depend upon respiratory fuels to maintain cellular turnover and function. These respiratory fuels can either be derived from the bowel lumen or from systemic circulation. Colonocytes derive more than 70% of their energy from lumenal nutrition supplied by short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs).
  • SCFAs short-chain fatty acids
  • the present invention provides significant advantages over prior art animal food products due to the inclusion of Garicinia mangostana L. ("mangosteen ”) within the animal food product composition. These advantages are based on the known biological activities of xanthones and polysaccharides in particular and fruit juices in general. Some of the advantages imparted by the use of Mangosteen include: antioxidant, anti-ATDS, anti-cancer, anti inflammatory, analgesic properties, stool softener (fiber), flavoring, COX-2 inhibitor, anticancer, antimycobaterial, antihepatocellular, antihistamine (for respiratory problems), 5HT2A Receptor antagonist (this might be helpful in calming animals particularly horses with anxiety), antimicrobial (systemic and topically), and antifungal.
  • Garicinia mangostana L. Garicinia mangostana L.
  • the present invention features an animal food product containing an amount or percent by weight of Garicinia mangostana L. dietary fiber as part of the total dietary fiber content in an animal food product.
  • the Garicinia. mangostana L. is added or mixed into the animal food product composition, along with the other ingredients comprised therein.
  • pet foods are normally classified as wet, semi-wet (or soft), and dry. These classifications largely depend upon the amount of moisture or water that is added to the pet food form/ulation or composition.
  • the present invention features an animal food product containing rnangosteen and may also include (percentage by weight) one or more ingredients chosen from a list of ingredients comprised of: 0 - 80% protein, 0 - 80% carbohydrates, 0 - 80% fat, vitamins A to Z, minerals, electrolytes, amino acids, fatty acids, herbs, botanicals, nutraceuticals, and adaptogens.
  • the following animal food formulation is concentrated on providing improved muscle and bone support.
  • the following animal food formulation is concentrated on providing improved immune system support.
  • the Garicinia mangostana L. dietary fiber may be contained in various other animal food products, such as pet food snack, biscuits, etc.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne l'amélioration de produits alimentaires issus des techniques actuelles et destinés aux animaux avec un produit alimentaire pour animaux formulé avec Garcinia mangostana L., ou mangouste, provenant du mangoustan. L'addition du mangouste au produit alimentaire pour animaux procure des avantages considérables au niveau de la santé que l'on ne trouve pas dans les produits alimentaires actuels destinés aux animaux.
PCT/US2005/038183 2004-10-25 2005-10-24 Produit alimentaire pour animaux ameliore au mangouste WO2006047416A2 (fr)

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US60/621,732 2004-10-25

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WO2006047416A3 WO2006047416A3 (fr) 2006-11-16

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WO2007128465A1 (fr) * 2006-05-10 2007-11-15 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Nouvelle utilisation de composés organiques
EP1889615A2 (fr) * 2006-08-04 2008-02-20 Rottapharm S.p.A. Formulations pour l'administration orale avec un effet de promotion de la santé sur les articulations osseuses et les muscles squelettiques
WO2008031572A1 (fr) * 2006-09-12 2008-03-20 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Nouvelles compositions nutraceutiques et pharmaceutiques et utilisation de celles-ci pour le traitement, le co-traitement ou la prévention de la dégradation du cartilage ou de la lésion du cartilage dans les articulations
WO2008035756A1 (fr) * 2006-09-22 2008-03-27 Heimat Co., Ltd. Composition anti-angiogénique comportant un extrait ayant une activité anti-angiogénique et une lécithine
WO2013129334A1 (fr) * 2012-02-28 2013-09-06 キッコーマン株式会社 AGONISTE QUI IMITE L'EFFET CINÉTIQUE, ET CO-ACTIVATEUR POUR AMPK ET PPARδ
GB2546511A (en) * 2016-01-20 2017-07-26 Dodson & Horrell Ltd Horse food supplement

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007128465A1 (fr) * 2006-05-10 2007-11-15 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Nouvelle utilisation de composés organiques
JP2009536167A (ja) * 2006-05-10 2009-10-08 ディーエスエム アイピー アセッツ ビー．ブイ． 筋肉障害の治療のためのキサントン誘導体
EP1889615A2 (fr) * 2006-08-04 2008-02-20 Rottapharm S.p.A. Formulations pour l'administration orale avec un effet de promotion de la santé sur les articulations osseuses et les muscles squelettiques
EP1889615A3 (fr) * 2006-08-04 2008-09-10 Rottapharm S.p.A. Formulations pour l'administration orale avec un effet de promotion de la santé sur les articulations osseuses et les muscles squelettiques
WO2008031572A1 (fr) * 2006-09-12 2008-03-20 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Nouvelles compositions nutraceutiques et pharmaceutiques et utilisation de celles-ci pour le traitement, le co-traitement ou la prévention de la dégradation du cartilage ou de la lésion du cartilage dans les articulations
WO2008035756A1 (fr) * 2006-09-22 2008-03-27 Heimat Co., Ltd. Composition anti-angiogénique comportant un extrait ayant une activité anti-angiogénique et une lécithine
JP5215858B2 (ja) * 2006-09-22 2013-06-19 株式会社ハイマート 抗血管新生作用を有する抽出物とレシチンを含有する抗血管新生組成物
WO2013129334A1 (fr) * 2012-02-28 2013-09-06 キッコーマン株式会社 AGONISTE QUI IMITE L'EFFET CINÉTIQUE, ET CO-ACTIVATEUR POUR AMPK ET PPARδ
GB2546511A (en) * 2016-01-20 2017-07-26 Dodson & Horrell Ltd Horse food supplement

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