WO2006045461A1 - Element palier ou positionneur en acier durci mecaniquement, pouvant etre soumis a des contraintes mecaniques - Google Patents

Element palier ou positionneur en acier durci mecaniquement, pouvant etre soumis a des contraintes mecaniques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006045461A1
WO2006045461A1 PCT/EP2005/011094 EP2005011094W WO2006045461A1 WO 2006045461 A1 WO2006045461 A1 WO 2006045461A1 EP 2005011094 W EP2005011094 W EP 2005011094W WO 2006045461 A1 WO2006045461 A1 WO 2006045461A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
functional surface
temperature
component
mechanically
treatment
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2005/011094
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ernst Strian
Werner Trojahn
Karl-Ludwig Grell
Original Assignee
Schaeffler Kg
Fag Kugelfischer Ag & Co. Ohg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schaeffler Kg, Fag Kugelfischer Ag & Co. Ohg filed Critical Schaeffler Kg
Priority to EP05804438A priority Critical patent/EP1805331A1/fr
Publication of WO2006045461A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006045461A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/06—Surface hardening
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
    • C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
    • C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
    • C21D7/06—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface by shot-peening or the like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/40—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rings; for bearing races
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2301/00—Using particular materials

Definitions

  • Mechanically load-bearing actuator or bearing component made of mechanically hardened steel
  • the invention relates to a mechanically load-bearing adjusting or bearing component, be ⁇ standing of an alloyed steel with an alloying content of at least 7% and a carbon content of 0.5 - 2.2%, with at least one mechanically charged in Ein ⁇ rate surface.
  • actuator or bearing components are known in different designs and are used in a variety of applications.
  • Engine elements such as towing or rocker arms, in particular mechanical actuated components which in turn provide other components, should be mentioned as the actuating element.
  • a bearing component for example, a rolling bearing or its parts or a plain bearing and its parts such as bearing bush, bearing ring, etc. may be mentioned.
  • actuating or bearing components have in common that they have at least one functionally mechanically loaded functional surface, via which, for example, an actuating element in the form of a rocker arm acts on a tappet or the like, or on which, in the case of a roller bearing, the rolling elements run ,
  • the components are exposed to high mechanical and tribological stresses, which is why it is necessary to harden these components after mechanical processing.
  • finishing such as grinding or hard turning is performed.
  • the heat treatment itself takes place once, depending on the steel quality, through hardening, for example at 100Cr6, or through case hardening, eg at 16MnCr5, or through various variants of nitriding treatments or Stratifications.
  • the main drawback of most such treatments is the so-called hardening distortion and the resulting dimensional change.
  • the component dimension therefore varies as a result of the different, in particular thermal treatments, between the shape or dimensioning originally present before the treatment and the parameters finally given after the implementation of the respective treatments.
  • the components are machined or chipless in the best possible microstructural and hardening state, subsequently hardened at high temperature and finally finished mechanically, ie by machining, and work-hardened, for example by shot blasting or rolling.
  • the implementation of the separate hardening step is also time-consuming and cost-consuming.
  • the invention is therefore based on the problem to provide a control or bearing element of the type mentioned that is easy to make and without the problems mentioned in terms of dimensional and shape retention.
  • a mechanically loadable actuator or bearing element consisting of the above-mentioned steel that at least in the region of a functional surface a metastable Austenite with a microstructure of at least 80% is present, which by machining the functional surface at least partly converted into martensite.
  • a steel which forms a metastable austenite phase is used to produce the positioning or bearing component.
  • This metastable Austenitphase can by a mechanical treatment of the Fu surface itself, so for example, the bearing surface of a towing or rocker arm or the tread of a plain bearing due to the mechanically induced Energy can be converted locally into martensite.
  • the mechanically induced structural change and thus hardening directly in the area of the functional surface is a mechanically induced structural change and thus hardening directly in the area of the functional surface.
  • steels with 0.5 to 2.2% carbon an alloy content of chromium between 5 to 20%, a manganese content of 2 to 8% and a nickel content of not more than 6% are used.
  • the fine granularity and corresponding microstructural characteristics are to be ensured by addition of, for example, molybdenum, aluminum, titanium or other alloying elements.
  • Conventional tool steels such as e.g. X210Cr12 or X165CrMoVI 21, as used in particular in Motoren ⁇ elements such as towing or rocker arms.
  • a second class of materials is the field of charge and tempering steels.
  • These high-alloyed case hardening steels such as 14NiCrMo14 or even higher alloying constituents with total values nickel-manganese chromium greater 7% and an edge carbon content / edge nitrogen content, produced by the usual case hardening or carbonization , of 0.5-1.5% of carbon or 0.1-0.6% of nitrogen also form a metastable austenite phase, which can be converted locally into mechanical stress by mechanical energy input.
  • the prerequisite is that the alloying elements must be adjusted so that the martensite formation temperature after carburization and / or nitriding during quenching is not or only marginally is followed, so that an intermediate stage conversion or a Perlitzer case is omitted.
  • Said materials are thus in principle able to operate at high hardening curing temperatures (direct orRockhärtung), for example more than 1000 0 C and a rapid quenching form a quasi of 80% or even higher austenite structure in the carbon-rich surface zone, wherein the aforementioned At least in this marginal zone, the carbon atom I is present; in the case of an attachment, the sum of nitrogen and carbon should likewise be in this range.
  • the metastable austenite formed is therefore also present at room temperature, but can be converted into martensite with sufficient energy supply, the conversion capacity according to the invention depending on the mechanical processing.
  • the mechanical finishing of the already formed, but me ⁇ unstable austenite component by turning, milling or slaving takes place.
  • a mechanically induced martensitic transformation of the metastable austenite arises in the corresponding action depths.
  • the depth of the transformation zone depends on the tool contact geometry (eg rake angle adjustment), the contour to be generated, the duration and the magnitude of the applied force and the prevailing temperature in the mechanical processing.
  • the forming of the steel used for component production preferably takes place during the heat treatment for high-temperature austenitization.
  • An additional high-temperature step for hardening the material, as provided in the prior art, is omitted after curing by martensitic transformation takes place in the component according to the invention solely by the mechanically induced energy.
  • the functional surface should have a martensitic hardness of at least 55 HRC, in particular of at least 58 HRC, for which purpose a sufficiently high carbon content, which is in the range claimed according to the invention, is necessary.
  • the steel itself may, as described, be a fusible alloy which exhibits the metastable austenite, but it may also be produced by a separate nitration, ie in the context of an electrochemical treatment.
  • the invention itself is a process for producing such a Stel I or bearing component, which is characterized in that the component first of an alloyed steel with an alloy content of at least 7% and a carbon content of 0 , 5-2.2%, during or after which the component is subjected to a temperature treatment, and then the component is subsequently quenched so that at least in the area of a functional surface of the component a metastable austenite with a microstructure proportion of at least 80 % forms, after which the functional surface is machined so that forms a marginal zone having at least partially martensite.
  • the mechanical processing for martensite formation temperature may preferably up to about 500 0 C, at room temperature or at a reduced temperature of preferably up to a maximum at elevated Tempe ⁇ - 200 ° C carried out.
  • the Tief ⁇ temperature treatment is advantageous for martensite formation. If the mechanical treatment takes place at elevated temperature or at room temperature, it is expedient to connect a deep-freeze treatment, preferably a maximum of -20 ° C., to improve the formation of martensite. In general, after a deep-freeze treatment, a temperature treatment for starting the component can take place up to a maximum of 600 ° C.
  • the functional surface as well as the remaining component surfaces can be mechanically post-treated after the mechanical treatment for martensite formation, in particular by shot peening or rolling.
  • a final finish such as grinding or honing can optionally also be provided.
  • the method according to the invention offers the advantage that the hardening distortion is canceled once by the processing state and a double machining is not required, as in the conventional method by soft machining and hard machining.
  • the figure shows an inventive control element 1 in the form of a tiltable about its bearing eye rocker arm 2, on the front arm 3 ons simulation 4 funkti ⁇ is provided over which the rocker arm engages, for example on a plunger.
  • the rocker arm was produced from a material which forms a metastable austenite phase after the high-temperature austenitization during which temperature treatment of the rocker arm was worked out during the subsequent ab initiation.
  • a mechanical processing of the functional surface takes place in the context of which processing, which is represented by the arrow B, directly on the function, unlike in the prior art If mechanical energy is introduced, this induces the folding-over processes, ie the conversion of the metastable austenite into martensite. As is indicated by the dashed line, an area M is formed in which a high content of martensite is present, while metastable austenite is present in the remaining component body. As a result of the mechanically induced martensite formation so no further temperature treatment for curing of the component, which would adversely affect the dimensional and dimensional accuracy. Rather, the component retains the exact shape and dimensions given in the course of its original forming.
  • the mechanical treatment for the formation of martensite can be as beschrie ⁇ ben subzero treatment connect, under which the Bau ⁇ part, for example, -200 0 C cooled, whereby the formation of the martensitic structure in the edge zone part M is further promoted.
  • the processing can be carried out even at a reduced temperature, so that a separate freezing is not necessary. In the context of a subsequent start, any tensions can be reduced.
  • the rocker arm 2 shown in Fig. 1 is only a Ausdust! example. It is conceivable to harden other actuating or bearing components by mechanically induced martensite formation. Mention may be made here, for example, of sliding bearings in which the running surfaces of the sliding bearings, which are also formed of metastable austenite, are mechanically induced to be converted into martensite.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément palier ou positionneur pouvant être soumis à des contraintes mécaniques, lequel élément est constitué d'un acier allié présentant une teneur en alliage d'au moins 7 % et une teneur en carbone de 0,5 à 2,2 % ainsi qu'au moins une surface fonctionnelle pouvant être soumise à des contraintes mécaniques en application. Selon la présente invention, une austénite métastable est présente en proportion d'au moins 80 % au moins dans la zone d'une surface fonctionnelle (4), laquelle austénite est au moins partiellement transformée en martensite par un traitement mécanique de la surface fonctionnelle (4).
PCT/EP2005/011094 2004-10-26 2005-10-15 Element palier ou positionneur en acier durci mecaniquement, pouvant etre soumis a des contraintes mecaniques WO2006045461A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05804438A EP1805331A1 (fr) 2004-10-26 2005-10-15 Element palier ou positionneur en acier durci mecaniquement, pouvant etre soumis a des contraintes mecaniques

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004051885.8 2004-10-26
DE102004051885A DE102004051885A1 (de) 2004-10-26 2004-10-26 Mechanisch belastbares Stell- oder Lagerbauteil aus mechanisch gehärtetem Stahl

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006045461A1 true WO2006045461A1 (fr) 2006-05-04

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Family Applications (1)

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PCT/EP2005/011094 WO2006045461A1 (fr) 2004-10-26 2005-10-15 Element palier ou positionneur en acier durci mecaniquement, pouvant etre soumis a des contraintes mecaniques

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Country Link
EP (1) EP1805331A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102004051885A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006045461A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113667810A (zh) * 2021-08-18 2021-11-19 江苏大学 一种提高钢质冷作模具尺寸稳定性的方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009036718A1 (de) 2009-08-08 2010-03-25 Daimler Ag Verfahren zur Erhöhung der Betriebsfestigkeit
DE102012003791B3 (de) * 2012-02-25 2013-08-14 Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Verfahren zur Herstellung hochfester Formteile aus Stahlguss mit TRIP-Effekt und mit austenitisch-martensitischem Gefüge

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB903801A (en) * 1958-04-04 1962-08-22 Ford Motor Co High strength steel
JPH05195070A (ja) * 1992-01-24 1993-08-03 Koyo Seiko Co Ltd 軸受部品の製造方法
JP2000018256A (ja) * 1998-07-02 2000-01-18 Ntn Corp 車両用差動装置の歯車軸支持装置
WO2001068933A2 (fr) * 2000-03-14 2001-09-20 The Timken Company Acier inoxydable de carburation a hautes performances pour utilisation sous hautes temperatures
EP1138795A1 (fr) * 1999-08-27 2001-10-04 Koyo Seiko Co., Ltd. Materiau brut pour elements de roulement

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FR2666352B1 (fr) * 1990-08-30 1992-12-11 Ugine Savoie Sa Procede d'elaboration de produits a tres haute charge a la rupture a partir d'un acier austhenitique instable, et produits en resultant.
US6221183B1 (en) * 1992-11-16 2001-04-24 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. High-strength and low-thermal-expansion alloy, wire of the alloy and method of manufacturing the alloy wire
DE4323167C1 (de) * 1993-07-10 1994-05-19 Leifeld Gmbh & Co Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Hohlkörpers aus Stahl mit einer Innen- und/oder Außenprofilierung
DE19633789C2 (de) * 1995-10-10 1999-12-16 Rasmussen Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Federbandschelle
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB903801A (en) * 1958-04-04 1962-08-22 Ford Motor Co High strength steel
JPH05195070A (ja) * 1992-01-24 1993-08-03 Koyo Seiko Co Ltd 軸受部品の製造方法
JP2000018256A (ja) * 1998-07-02 2000-01-18 Ntn Corp 車両用差動装置の歯車軸支持装置
EP1138795A1 (fr) * 1999-08-27 2001-10-04 Koyo Seiko Co., Ltd. Materiau brut pour elements de roulement
WO2001068933A2 (fr) * 2000-03-14 2001-09-20 The Timken Company Acier inoxydable de carburation a hautes performances pour utilisation sous hautes temperatures

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PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2000, no. 04 31 August 2000 (2000-08-31) *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113667810A (zh) * 2021-08-18 2021-11-19 江苏大学 一种提高钢质冷作模具尺寸稳定性的方法
CN113667810B (zh) * 2021-08-18 2023-02-03 江苏大学 一种提高钢质冷作模具尺寸稳定性的方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1805331A1 (fr) 2007-07-11
DE102004051885A1 (de) 2006-04-27

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