WO2006037588A1 - Method of heat treating an aluminium alloy member and apparatus therefor - Google Patents
Method of heat treating an aluminium alloy member and apparatus therefor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006037588A1 WO2006037588A1 PCT/EP2005/010636 EP2005010636W WO2006037588A1 WO 2006037588 A1 WO2006037588 A1 WO 2006037588A1 EP 2005010636 W EP2005010636 W EP 2005010636W WO 2006037588 A1 WO2006037588 A1 WO 2006037588A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- aluminium alloy
- heating plate
- heat treatment
- ageing
- alloy member
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
Definitions
- This invention relates to a method of heat treating an aluminium alloy member, comprising a pre-ageing heat treatment step, and to an apparatus therefor.
- Aluminium alloy members made of heat-treatable aluminium alloys are used in a number of applications involving relatively high strength, high toughness and corrosion resistance such as aircraft fuselages, vehicular members and other applications.
- aluminium alloy is either direct chill cast as ingots or continuous cast in the form of a thick strip material, and then hot rolled and/or cold rolled to the desired thickness.
- the member then undergoes solution heat treatment.
- Solution heat treatment involves heating the metal to a suitably high temperature (e.g. 450-580 0 C) to cause dissolution into solid solution of all the soluble alloying constituents that precipitated from the parent metal during hot and/or cold rolling. To retain these constituents in solid solution, the metal is rapidly quenched to ambient temperature to create a solid supersaturated solution.
- the metal is then aged or precipitation hardened by holding the metal at room temperature, or at a higher temperature to accelerate the effect, for a period of time to cause the spontaneous formation of fine precipitates through the diffusion of atoms in the supersaturated solid solution, whereby they form fine clusters or "zones".
- an aluminium alloy member may be further improved by subjecting the member to a further heat treatment after quenching.
- pre-ageing so called “pre-ageing” heat treatment, some of the atoms in the supersaturated solid solution come out of the lattice structure and form seeds for the formation of fine clusters. This serves to stabilize the microstructure.
- US-3, 135,633 discloses such a pre-ageing or "stabilizing" heat treatment to improve the mechanical properties of aluminium-magnesium-silicon alloys.
- wrought alloyed products are moved continuously through a first furnace to put the relevant alloying elements into solid solution, then through a quenching chamber and into a second furnace to be subjected to a stabilizing pre-ageing treatment. It is mentioned that the time interval between quenching and preliminary ageing should be less than ten minutes. To allow for rapid heating-up of the alloy, starting a few minutes after quenching, the second furnace is heated by forced hot air circulation.
- a pre-ageing heat treatment is further described in EP-0805879-B1.
- the metal is heated directly to a peak temperature in the range of 100 to 300 0 C, preferably in the range of 130 to 27O 0 C, is maintained at the peak temperature for a very short dwell time and is then cooled directly to below a defined final temperature.
- This treatment is therefore also referred to in the art as temperature "spiking", since the profile of the temperature versus time graph for such a process resembles a generally triangular, pointed, or slightly blunted spike.
- the treatment is reported to improve the ductility of alloys of a AA ⁇ xxx-series in the T4 temper while maximizing the paint bake response.
- the known process involves quenching an aluminium alloy sheet after solution heat treatment, allowing the sheet to hold still at room temperature for less than 60 minutes, and holding the sheet at a temperature of 50-150°C for a period of from 10-
- EP-0679199-A1 also discloses a pre-ageing or pre-tempering step at a temperature of 70 to 150 0 C in between the quenching after solution heat treatment and ageing steps.
- the present invention solves one or more of the above-mentioned objects.
- alloy designations and temper designations refer to the Aluminium Association designations in Aluminium Standards and Data and the Registration Records, as published by the Aluminium Association.
- a method of heat treating an aluminium alloy member having a main surface comprising the steps in succession of a) subjecting the member to a solution heat treatment, b) quenching the member, preferably by one of spray quenching or immersion quenching in water or other quenching media, and c) reheating the quenched member in a pre- ageing heat treatment step, and whereby the pre-ageing heat treatment is conducted by coupling the main surface of the aluminium alloy member to a main surface of a heating plate.
- the invention is based on the realisation that the pre-ageing heat treatment is particularly effective when if it is performed directly after the quenching step of the member terminating the solution heat treatment to obtain a more stabilised microstructure of the aluminium alloy member without substantial natural age hardening taking place. More preferably, the pre-ageing treatment is carried out within one hour of the quenching step and the time delay is usually reduced to a matter of minutes and possibly even to seconds. For this reason, conducting the heat treatment in a furnace will not yield ideal results, because the member has to be moved into the furnace, and will take some time to reach the desired temperature.
- the invention therefore proposes a method without utilising a furnace for the pre-age treatment of the aluminium alloy member as the pre-aging treatment is carried out outside any furnace.
- the aluminium alloy member is held close to or coupled to a heating plate and is thereby rapidly heated up to achieve a pre-ageing treatment.
- the maximum pre-ageing temperature may be reached within a few minutes, since heat is transferred from the heating plate to the aluminium alloy member.
- the heating plate is preferably already heated up to the desired temperature prior to the pre-ageing step.
- the aluminium alloy member on which this method is performed is preferably a rolled product, typically a thin plate or a sheet having a thickness of at most 15 mm and preferably in the range of 1.5 to 6 mm.
- the method may be used for the treatment of any heat-treatable aluminium alloy, in particular those of the AA ⁇ xxx, AA2xxx, or AA7xxx-series aluminium alloys.
- the aluminium alloy member is selected from the group consisting of AA6013, AA6056, AA6011 , AA6016, AA2024, AA2524, AA2219, AA7074, AA7075, AA7050 and AA7055.
- the heating plate is preferably also made of an aluminium alloy having a large heat capacity and a higher melting point relative to the heat treated aluminium alloy member.
- aluminium alloys of the AA ⁇ xxx-series such as for example AA5026, and the AA3xxx-series can be used.
- the thickness of the heating plate is at least the thickness of the thickness of the aluminium alloy member. The skilled person will be able to optimize the thickness of the heating plate depending of the thickness of the aluminium alloy member and the desired pre-ageing treatment temperature and time.
- the heating plate is made from a steel.
- the heating plate is being placed in the furnace used for the solution heat treatment together with the aluminium alloy member. This method has the advantage that no extra equipment or time is needed to heat up the heating plate.
- the aluminium alloy member and the heating plate are both held substantially horizontal, and the aluminium alloy member is simply placed on top of the heating plate before entering the furnace used for solution heat treatment.
- the heating plate and the member are held with their main surfaces close to each other during all three steps of solution heat treatment, quenching and pre-ageing.
- the member may be quenched by spraying or cooling from one side only.
- this has the advantage that the member will be re ⁇ heated to achieve a pre-ageing treatment immediately after quenching has been finished by a heat flow from the non-quenched heating plate to the aluminium alloy member.
- the aluminium plate is quenched on both sides and it is placed on the heating plate to achieve the desired pre-ageing treatment.
- the heating plate may be placed in the furnace used for the solution heat treatment before the aluminium alloy member is solution heat treated. Once it has been heated up, the heating plate may be kept near the quenching apparatus during the solution heat treatment and quenching of the aluminium alloy member. Since the maximum temperature of the pre-ageing treatment is typically lower than the temperature of the solution heat treatment, it may even be advantageous to let the heating plate cool down before it receives the aluminium alloy member. After quenching, the aluminium alloy member is preferably lifted on top of the heating plate.
- a further alternative concerns heating the heating plate electrically, for example by means of heating coils disposed inside the heating plate. In this embodiment, it is preferred to heat up the plate to the desired pre-ageing temperature before the pre- ageing heat treatment is conducted.
- a protective layer is placed between each aluminium alloy member and each heating plate to couple them together.
- This layer has a thickness preferably up to 5 mm, and typically a thickness of about 2 mm, and is made from a cloth or web made of an isolating material such as glass fabric, ceramics, glass wool, mineral wool or, for lower temperatures, a polymer fabric.
- the use of the protective layer will also result into a small delay of the reheating of the aluminium alloy member resulting that in the quenching operation the member is allowed to cool down fast to below 1OfJ 0 C prior to receiving the heat from the heating plate to achieve a pre-ageing heat treatment.
- the aluminium alloy member is held sandwiched between two heating plates during the pre-ageing step. This arrangement serves to straighten the member, so that no further levelling or stretching operation may be required.
- two aluminium alloy members are being heat treated at the same time by being held close to opposite sides of one heating plate.
- the pre-ageing treatment according to the invention is carried out prior to bringing the aluminium alloy member to its final temper by means of artificial ageing.
- Typical final temper would be a temper selected from the group comprising T6, T79, T78, T77, T74, T73 and T8.
- a suitable T73 temper would be a T7351 temper
- a suitable T74 temper would be the T7451 temper.
- the aluminium alloy member may optionally be stretched or compressed or otherwise cold worked to relieve stresses or to improve mechanical properties, for example levelling of the sheet or thin plate products.
- the stretching operation involves not more than 8% of the length just prior to the stretching operation, and is preferably in a range of 1 to 5%.
- aluminium alloy members of the AA6xxx-and AA2xxx-series alloys can be subjected also to a cold rolling operation with a cold rolling reduction in a range of up to 20% to improve achievable mechanical properties in the final temper.
- the invention relates to a product obtained by the method according to this invention.
- the final product may for example be used for the outer skin of aircraft fuselages.
- the invention in another aspect provides an apparatus for heat treating an aluminium alloy member comprising of a) a solution heat treatment furnace, b) a quenching station, c) a heating plate for reheating the member in a pre-ageing heat treatment step by coupling a main surface of the member to a main surface of the heating plate.
- This apparatus has the advantage that it does not require a second furnace for the pre-ageing heat treatment.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a heat treatment facility according to the prior art
- Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a heat treatment facility using a method according to a first embodiment of the invention
- Fig. 3 is a temperature versus time graph for the method according to the first embodiment
- Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view of an arrangement of aluminium alloy member and heating plate according to the first embodiment
- Fig. 5 is a cross sectional view of an arrangement of two members and the heating plate according to a second embodiment
- Fig. 6 is a schematic representation of a heat treatment facility using a method according to a third embodiment of the invention
- Fig. 7 is a cross sectional view of member/heating plate arrangement according to a further embodiment.
- Fig. 1 shows a state of the art facility for heat treating an aluminium alloy member 1.
- the member 1 coming from the rolling mill is solution heat treated in a continuous horizontal furnace 4.
- the member 1 is conveyed through the furnace on rollers 6.
- the member 1 is quenched by means of nozzles 8a, 8b, which spray quenching water onto be upper and lower surfaces of the member.
- nozzles 8a, 8b which spray quenching water onto be upper and lower surfaces of the member.
- a further horizontal furnace 10 is provided at the end of the line.
- the pre-ageing furnace 10 must be specially equipped with forced hot air circulation to ensure rapid reheating of the member 1.
- FIG. 2 A facility implementing the method according to the first embodiment of the invention is shown in Fig. 2.
- the plate 1 coming from the mill is again heat treated in a horizontal furnace 4. However, it is disposed on top of a heating plate 12 during the treatment. After the solution heat treatment, the member 1 remains on the heating plate while undergoing quenching. Hence, only the upper nozzles 8a are used to quench member 1.
- the member/plate arrangement is then further conveyed on rollers 6. Since plate 12 is as thick as or thicker than member 1 and made of a material of high heat capacity and good heat conductivity, plate 12 will reheat the member 1 immediately after quenching has stopped. The heating rate and the maximum temperature reached by the member will depend on the thickness and composition of the heating plate 12 in relation to the thickness and composition of the member 1.
- the heating plate is about 40 mm thick, i.e. thicker than the member 1 , and is preferably made of an aluminium alloy of the AA ⁇ xxx-series or AA3xxx-series.
- the temperature profile experience by the member 1 is shown in Fig. 3.
- the member 1 is heated to a first temperature T 1 , which is between 450 0 C and 580 0 C, and typically about 530°C.
- the metal is held at this temperature for some time as known in the art.
- the metal is rapidly cooled down to a temperature of 100°C or less, preferably to room temperature RT.
- T 2 a pre-ageing temperature in the range of 100°C to 250 0 C, preferably in the range of 150 to 25O 0 C.
- the member will reach T 2 within a few minutes and will preferably be held at this temperature for a time required to achieve the desired pre-ageing effect, and the holding time would typically be in the range of up the 30 minutes, preferably 10 to 20 minutes.
- the selected pre-ageing temperature and holding time will be dependent on the alloy composition of the aluminium alloy member.
- the pre-ageing treatment is finalised by taking off the aluminium alloy member from the heating plate. The member is then cooled down to ambient temperature by means of water cooling, forced air or left on for example a roller table to cool down by free air convention. The cooling rate after the pre-ageing treatment has been found not to be very critical.
- reheating to achieve the pre-ageing effect will begin within one or two minutes, preferably within 0 to 20 seconds, after quenching from solution heat treatment.
- the heating rate is preferably in the range of 10 to 50°C/min., so that the final pre-ageing temperature will be reached within 1 to 10 minutes, preferably 5 minutes.
- Fig. 4 shows an enlarged cross sectional view of the member/plate arrangement.
- a protective layer 14 to space the member 1 and the plate 12 from each other, and to provide a heat isolating layer between the member 1 and the plate 12.
- the protective layer 14 is about 2 mm thick and made of a heat isolating fabric such as glass fabric, glass wool, mineral wool or polymer fabric.
- a protective layer may be present in each case between each member 1 and each heating plate 12.
- one heating plate 12 will be sandwiched between two aluminium alloy members 1 , V as shown in Fig. 5.
- the arrangement according to Fig. 5 allows the pre-ageing treatment of two members 1 , V simultaneously.
- the heating plate 12 must be thick enough to store sufficient heat for re-heating both members to achieve the required pre-ageing treatment.
- These first two embodiments are suitable for continuous heat treatment, in which the heating plate(s) and the aluminium alloy member(s) are held adjacent to each other during all steps of solution heat treatment, quenching and pre-ageing.
- the plate 12 will be heated before the solution heat treatment of member 1 in the horizontal furnace 4 and then placed aside. After quenching, the member 1 will be lifted on top of the heating plate 12.
- the member 1 may be fed through the solution heat treatment furnace before the heating plate 12.
- the embodiment shown in Fig. 6 also allows to use a self-heating plate 12 provided e.g. with electrical coils, which need not be heated up in a furnace.
- two heating plates 12, 12' will be heated prior to the pre-ageing step, and one heating plate 12' will be placed on top of member 1. This will straighten the member 1 , so that further stretch forming may not be necessary.
- the member After the member has cooled down to ambient temperature the member will undergo a further ageing treatment to produce an age-hardened material with the desired set of properties for its application.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05794460A EP1797210A1 (en) | 2004-10-05 | 2005-09-30 | Method of heat treating an aluminium alloy member and apparatus therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04077719 | 2004-10-05 | ||
EP04077719.5 | 2004-10-05 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006037588A1 true WO2006037588A1 (en) | 2006-04-13 |
Family
ID=34928546
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2005/010636 WO2006037588A1 (en) | 2004-10-05 | 2005-09-30 | Method of heat treating an aluminium alloy member and apparatus therefor |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1797210A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN100584986C (en) |
DE (1) | DE102005045340B4 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2878258B1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2388843C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006037588A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
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US9314826B2 (en) | 2009-01-16 | 2016-04-19 | Aleris Rolled Products Germany Gmbh | Method for the manufacture of an aluminium alloy plate product having low levels of residual stress |
EP2907881B1 (en) | 2014-02-07 | 2019-04-24 | Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH | Hot forming line and method for the preparation of hot formed sheet metal products |
CN110714176A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-01-21 | 天津大学 | Heat treatment method capable of realizing rapid aging of aluminum alloy |
TWI712695B (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-12-11 | 中國鋼鐵股份有限公司 | Method of fabricating high temperature resistant and impact resistant aluminum alloy |
CN115927982A (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2023-04-07 | 福建祥鑫新材料科技有限公司 | Heat treatment method for improving corrosion performance of 7-series aluminum alloy |
CN115927982B (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2024-04-19 | 福建祥鑫新材料科技有限公司 | Heat treatment method for improving corrosion performance of 7-series aluminum alloy |
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EP2014777B1 (en) | 2007-07-11 | 2013-01-09 | Neue Materialien Bayreuth GmbH | Method and device for thermal treatment of metal sheet |
DE102007042506B4 (en) * | 2007-09-07 | 2010-06-17 | Norbert Gatzweiler | Process for quenching aluminum components |
WO2010081889A1 (en) * | 2009-01-16 | 2010-07-22 | Aleris Aluminum Koblenz Gmbh | Method for the manufacture of an aluminium alloy plate product having low levels of residual stress |
CN101537466B (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2010-10-13 | 西南铝业(集团)有限责任公司 | Method for manufacturing aluminium alloy rings with high performance and low residual stress |
CN101984127A (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2011-03-09 | 西南铝业(集团)有限责任公司 | Online treatment device and process for 6xxx series aluminum alloy for automobile |
DE102012017711B4 (en) | 2011-09-10 | 2018-10-18 | Audi Ag | Method for heat treating a component |
DE102011053672B4 (en) * | 2011-09-16 | 2017-08-10 | Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh | Method and arrangement for heating a metal plate |
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RU2487961C2 (en) * | 2011-10-24 | 2013-07-20 | Открытое акционерное общество "Раменское приборостроительное конструкторское бюро" (ОАО "РПКБ") | Method of quenching blanks from d16 aluminium alloy |
CN104164635A (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2014-11-26 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Method for improving room temperature strength and high-temperature performance of Al-Cu-Mg alloy for aluminum alloy drilling rod |
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CN110952011B (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2021-01-05 | 天津忠旺铝业有限公司 | 2-series high-damage-tolerance aluminum alloy plate and preparation method thereof |
CN113512632B (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2022-04-26 | 湖南有色金属职业技术学院 | Aluminum alloy heat treatment device based on metal material |
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CN2215495Y (en) * | 1994-12-26 | 1995-12-20 | 杨兴全 | Tempering press for controlling heat treatment deformation of thin steel sheet |
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2005
- 2005-09-22 DE DE102005045340A patent/DE102005045340B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-09-29 FR FR0509943A patent/FR2878258B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-09-30 WO PCT/EP2005/010636 patent/WO2006037588A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-09-30 RU RU2007116978/02A patent/RU2388843C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-09-30 EP EP05794460A patent/EP1797210A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-09-30 CN CN200580033964A patent/CN100584986C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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GB292690A (en) * | 1927-03-25 | 1928-06-25 | Henry Winder Brownsdon | Improvements in and relating to the annealing of metal |
US3135633A (en) * | 1959-09-08 | 1964-06-02 | Duralumin | Heat treatment process improving the mechanical properties of aluminiummagnesium-silicon alloys |
GB1258147A (en) * | 1969-11-25 | 1971-12-22 | ||
EP0480402A1 (en) * | 1990-10-09 | 1992-04-15 | Sumitomo Light Metal Industries Limited | Process for manufacturing aluminium alloy material with excellent formability, shape fixability and bake hardenability |
EP0679199A1 (en) * | 1993-11-17 | 1995-11-02 | Pechiney Rhenalu | Aluminium-silicon-magnesium alloy having improved ductility and deep-drawing properties, and method for producing same |
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9314826B2 (en) | 2009-01-16 | 2016-04-19 | Aleris Rolled Products Germany Gmbh | Method for the manufacture of an aluminium alloy plate product having low levels of residual stress |
EP2907881B1 (en) | 2014-02-07 | 2019-04-24 | Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH | Hot forming line and method for the preparation of hot formed sheet metal products |
EP2907881B2 (en) † | 2014-02-07 | 2021-11-10 | Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH | Thermoforming line and method for the preparation of thermoformed sheet metal products |
CN110714176A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-01-21 | 天津大学 | Heat treatment method capable of realizing rapid aging of aluminum alloy |
TWI712695B (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-12-11 | 中國鋼鐵股份有限公司 | Method of fabricating high temperature resistant and impact resistant aluminum alloy |
CN115927982A (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2023-04-07 | 福建祥鑫新材料科技有限公司 | Heat treatment method for improving corrosion performance of 7-series aluminum alloy |
CN115927982B (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2024-04-19 | 福建祥鑫新材料科技有限公司 | Heat treatment method for improving corrosion performance of 7-series aluminum alloy |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2878258A1 (en) | 2006-05-26 |
DE102005045340B4 (en) | 2010-08-26 |
RU2007116978A (en) | 2008-11-20 |
EP1797210A1 (en) | 2007-06-20 |
CN100584986C (en) | 2010-01-27 |
DE102005045340A1 (en) | 2006-04-06 |
FR2878258B1 (en) | 2008-05-16 |
RU2388843C2 (en) | 2010-05-10 |
CN101061247A (en) | 2007-10-24 |
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