WO2006033647A1 - System of multilayer masonry constructions - Google Patents

System of multilayer masonry constructions Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2006033647A1
WO2006033647A1 PCT/SK2005/000019 SK2005000019W WO2006033647A1 WO 2006033647 A1 WO2006033647 A1 WO 2006033647A1 SK 2005000019 W SK2005000019 W SK 2005000019W WO 2006033647 A1 WO2006033647 A1 WO 2006033647A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
building blocks
masonry construction
following
hollows
specified
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SK2005/000019
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Igor Niko
Original Assignee
Igor Niko
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Igor Niko filed Critical Igor Niko
Publication of WO2006033647A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006033647A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/04—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements
    • E04B2/06—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/08—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0215—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with separate protrusions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to masonry constructions used mainly in civil engineering in the erection of buildings and constructions for various purposes.
  • Masonry constructions used now are built from bricks and building blocks the shape of which is designed for their linear placing in masonry. Their shape is without treatment - solid brick or designed in the way of groove and tongue, plough, joggle. Their shape does not enable mutual connection in the masonry construction without the final static weakening of the masonry construction and reduction of load-bearing capacity of the joint. There is no other building system using advantages of masonry constructions with joggles for foundation mats, lintels, girts, joists comprehensively.
  • the essence of the invention is a building system consisting of building blocks, foundation mats, lintels, girts, joists, bond beams, stair steps, slabs with dowels on one, two or more pairs of opposite walls of loading areas /for example, see Slovak Technical Standard No. 731201, Art. 10.3.3. and the following/ - hollows which are able to transfer tangential forces affecting the masonry construction after pouring out with mortar.
  • Building blocks under the invention have in the basic module - M (aM*aM*bM) at least one pair of opposite walls the shape of which is symmetrical according to each plane which passes through each diagonal and the centre of the building block.
  • the building blocks can consist of one or more basic modules put next to each other, above each other or mutually firmly linked by a space structure, draw bar, rod, joining beam, in given distance from each other.
  • the major advantage of the system under the invention is reliable transfer of loading - static forces and exactly defined position of the elements and the building blocks in masonry construction, which enables also the formation of sandwich masonry constructions with maximum effective use of thermal and noise insulation, with the minimalization of thermal and noise bridges, exactly defined positions of frames for panes, stair steps and other construction and architectonic elements.
  • the building blocks under the invention enable to make maximum uses of load-bearing capacity of bearing structures, to make maximum use of the properties of insulationg materials, they enable to speed up the erection of masonry construction substantially, to eliminate the consumption of mortar and reduce demands on surface finish.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of the building block (10) in the basic modular dimension
  • Figure 2 is a top view of the building block (10) in the basic modular dimension M*M*M
  • Figure 3 is a A-A sectional view of the building block (10) in the basic modular dimension M*M*M
  • Figure 4 is a detailed view of the building block (10) in vertical section with the hollow (2)
  • Figure 5 is a view of the building block (20) formed from a few modules.
  • Figure 6 is a top view of the building block (30) treated for mutual connection of two separate walls -joint.
  • Figure 7 is a side view of the building block (30) treated for mutual connection of two separate walls —joint.
  • Figure 8 is a longitudinal section of the building block (30) treated for mutual connection of two separate walls -joint.
  • Figure 9 is a top view of the building block (40) - anchor, their shape is treated for placing of the building block (30) by the means of the hollow, connected with a joining building block(30) -joint.
  • Figure 10 is a section of the building blocks (40) treated for mutual connection of two separate walls with the building block — joint(30).
  • Figure 11 is a side view of the slab (50) with bearing areas with hollows (1) and (2).
  • Figure 12 is a side and top view and a section through the prefabricated ring beam (60) with the bearing areas and hollows (1) and (2).
  • Figure 13 is a top view and a section through the prefabricated foundation mat (70) with bearing areas and hollows (1) and (2).
  • Figure 14 is a side view and a section through the prefabricated lintel (80) with bearing areas and hollows (1) and (2).
  • Figure 15 is a side view of the prefabricated joist (90) with bearing areas (1) and hollows (2).
  • An example of utilisation of the invention is the external masonry of a dwelling house with the thickness of 500 mm where ceilings and ancons are laid.
  • the masonry is of sandwich construction from two walls with the thickness of 100 mm, formed from the concrete building blocks under the invention with the dimension of 100 100 500 mm, I 5 L 5 U, T - shaped building blocks mutually linked and of an insulating layer with the thickness of 300 mm.
  • Thermal resistance of such construction while using common heat-insulating materials can reach more than double values the best commonly used single or multi-layer masonry constructions. Current masonry constructions would reach such values of thermal resistance with the thickness of the masonry approaching 900 to 1000 mm.
  • the system can be used in the erection of external walls of sandwich construction, bearing and separating walls, columns, lintels, window ledges, cornices, stairs, joists, shafts and other buildings and constructions.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)

Abstract

The system of multi-layer masonry construction formed from building blocks, prefabricated grid foundations, lintels, beams, stair steps, slabs, joists, ring beams and supplementary elements, the connection of which is solved by a uniform type of hollows - joggles found on every element so that each element can be connected with other elements of masonry construction with a bearing joint by the means of hollows, and which form one dowel or a system of dowels in the joint of building blocks and elements placed in masonry construction after filling with the jointing material.

Description

System of multi-layer masonry constructions
Technical field
The invention relates to masonry constructions used mainly in civil engineering in the erection of buildings and constructions for various purposes.
Prior art
Masonry constructions used now are built from bricks and building blocks the shape of which is designed for their linear placing in masonry. Their shape is without treatment - solid brick or designed in the way of groove and tongue, plough, joggle. Their shape does not enable mutual connection in the masonry construction without the final static weakening of the masonry construction and reduction of load-bearing capacity of the joint. There is no other building system using advantages of masonry constructions with joggles for foundation mats, lintels, girts, joists comprehensively.
Essence of the invention
The essence of the invention is a building system consisting of building blocks, foundation mats, lintels, girts, joists, bond beams, stair steps, slabs with dowels on one, two or more pairs of opposite walls of loading areas /for example, see Slovak Technical Standard No. 731201, Art. 10.3.3. and the following/ - hollows which are able to transfer tangential forces affecting the masonry construction after pouring out with mortar.
Advantageous are all shapes symmetrical accroding to vertical planes passing through the centre of the building block. Advantages of such building blocks in comparison with known solutions is non- weakening of the section, extension of contact surface between the building blocks, distribution of horizontal forces in vertical direction (positive effect of the own mass on the transfer of horizontal forces), simple production, storage, transportation and assembling. Building blocks under the invention have in the basic module - M (aM*aM*bM) at least one pair of opposite walls the shape of which is symmetrical according to each plane which passes through each diagonal and the centre of the building block. The building blocks can consist of one or more basic modules put next to each other, above each other or mutually firmly linked by a space structure, draw bar, rod, joining beam, in given distance from each other. The major advantage of the system under the invention is reliable transfer of loading - static forces and exactly defined position of the elements and the building blocks in masonry construction, which enables also the formation of sandwich masonry constructions with maximum effective use of thermal and noise insulation, with the minimalization of thermal and noise bridges, exactly defined positions of frames for panes, stair steps and other construction and architectonic elements. The building blocks under the invention enable to make maximum uses of load-bearing capacity of bearing structures, to make maximum use of the properties of insulationg materials, they enable to speed up the erection of masonry construction substantially, to eliminate the consumption of mortar and reduce demands on surface finish.
Brief description of the drawings
The invention is explained in more details by means of drawings of which:
Figure 1 is a perspective view of the building block (10) in the basic modular dimension
M*M*M.
Figure 2 is a top view of the building block (10) in the basic modular dimension M*M*M
Figure 3 is a A-A sectional view of the building block (10) in the basic modular dimension M*M*M
Figure 4 is a detailed view of the building block (10) in vertical section with the hollow (2)
Figure 5 is a view of the building block (20) formed from a few modules.
Figure 6 is a top view of the building block (30) treated for mutual connection of two separate walls -joint.
Figure 7 is a side view of the building block (30) treated for mutual connection of two separate walls —joint.
Figure 8 is a longitudinal section of the building block (30) treated for mutual connection of two separate walls -joint.
Figure 9 is a top view of the building block (40) - anchor, their shape is treated for placing of the building block (30) by the means of the hollow, connected with a joining building block(30) -joint.
Figure 10 is a section of the building blocks (40) treated for mutual connection of two separate walls with the building block — joint(30).
Figure 11 is a side view of the slab (50) with bearing areas with hollows (1) and (2).
Figure 12 is a side and top view and a section through the prefabricated ring beam (60) with the bearing areas and hollows (1) and (2).
Figure 13 is a top view and a section through the prefabricated foundation mat (70) with bearing areas and hollows (1) and (2).
Figure 14 is a side view and a section through the prefabricated lintel (80) with bearing areas and hollows (1) and (2).
Figure 15 is a side view of the prefabricated joist (90) with bearing areas (1) and hollows (2).
Examples of application
An example of utilisation of the invention is the external masonry of a dwelling house with the thickness of 500 mm where ceilings and ancons are laid.
The masonry is of sandwich construction from two walls with the thickness of 100 mm, formed from the concrete building blocks under the invention with the dimension of 100 100 500 mm, I5 L5 U, T - shaped building blocks mutually linked and of an insulating layer with the thickness of 300 mm. Thermal resistance of such construction while using common heat-insulating materials can reach more than double values the best commonly used single or multi-layer masonry constructions. Current masonry constructions would reach such values of thermal resistance with the thickness of the masonry approaching 900 to 1000 mm.
Industrial applicability
The system can be used in the erection of external walls of sandwich construction, bearing and separating walls, columns, lintels, window ledges, cornices, stairs, joists, shafts and other buildings and constructions.

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS
1. The system of multi-layer masonry construction formed from building blocks, prefabricated foundation mats, lintels, girts, stair steps, slabs, joists, ring beams and supplementary elements, characterized by the following: the connection of the building blocks and elements is solved by a uniform type of the hollo w( 1,2) or joggles found on every element so that each of them could be connected with other elements of masonry construction by the means of hollows (1,2).
2. The system of multi-layer masonry construction as specified in claim 1 characterized by the following: hollows (1,2) are in the basic module - M (M*M*M) symmetrical according to direct and lateral axis of the bed face of the building block.
3. The system of multi-layer masonry construction as specified in claim 1 and 2, characterized by the following: hollows (1,2) found on every building block and element form one dowel or a system of dowels in the joint of building blocks after pouring out the jointing material.
4. The system of multi-layer masonry construction as specified in claims 1 and 2, characterized by the following: hollows (1,2) have the shape according to the picture No.4, formed from the truncated cone with the inclination of walls 1:1 and 1:9 and the truncated sphere with the radius equal to the smaller one of the truncated sphere radiuses.
5. The system of multi-layer masonry construction as specified in claims 1,2,3 characterized by the following: the builing block or element consists of one or more modules put next to each other, above each other or mutually firmly linked by a draw bar, rod, slab, wall or framing structure in given distance from each other.
6. The system of multi-layer masonry construction as specified in claims 1 to 4 characterized by the following: anchor building blocks have the hollow (5) for fitting a building block (3) according to the pictures 8 to 11, however, facing - opposite side of the building block (4) is unfaulted by this hollow.
7. The system of multi-layer masonry construction as specified in claims 1 to 5 characterized by the following: jointing building blocks (30) have the hollows (1,2) on distant sides, joined by the construction according to the pictures 5 to 9, which is possible to put into the hollow (5) of anchor building blocks (40).
8. The system of multi-layer masonry construction as specified in claims 1 to 6 characterized by the following: upper surface of the hollow (1) of building blocks (30) is the same as for building blocks according to picture 1 and enables the placing of the building blocks (10) or (30) or (40) in the following line in the masonry construction without a change of load-bearing capacity.
9. The system of multi-layer masonry construction as specified in claims lto 7 characterized by the following: foundation mats, lintels, girts, stair steps, slabs, joists, floor slabs, ring beams and supplementary elements have the hollows (1,2) for their mutual connection.
10. The system of multi-layer masonry construction as specified in claims 1 to 8 characterized by the following: connection of building blocks with hollows (40) and filling of hollows (1) and building blocks (30) in masonry construction according to the picture 8 and 9 forms a static bearing joint which is able to transfer the loading.
PCT/SK2005/000019 2004-09-21 2005-09-20 System of multilayer masonry constructions WO2006033647A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SK363-2004A SK3632004A3 (en) 2004-09-21 2004-09-21 System for building multi-layer construction
SKPP0363-2004 2004-09-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006033647A1 true WO2006033647A1 (en) 2006-03-30

Family

ID=35478887

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SK2005/000019 WO2006033647A1 (en) 2004-09-21 2005-09-20 System of multilayer masonry constructions

Country Status (2)

Country Link
SK (1) SK3632004A3 (en)
WO (1) WO2006033647A1 (en)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000015916A1 (en) * 1998-09-17 2000-03-23 Igor Niko Building block with four vertical planes of symmetry
US6592961B1 (en) * 1998-12-11 2003-07-15 Norsk Hydro Asa Brick made of refractory material

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000015916A1 (en) * 1998-09-17 2000-03-23 Igor Niko Building block with four vertical planes of symmetry
US6592961B1 (en) * 1998-12-11 2003-07-15 Norsk Hydro Asa Brick made of refractory material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SK3632004A3 (en) 2006-04-06

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