WO2006030576A1 - コードncoおよびgps受信機 - Google Patents
コードncoおよびgps受信機 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006030576A1 WO2006030576A1 PCT/JP2005/012331 JP2005012331W WO2006030576A1 WO 2006030576 A1 WO2006030576 A1 WO 2006030576A1 JP 2005012331 W JP2005012331 W JP 2005012331W WO 2006030576 A1 WO2006030576 A1 WO 2006030576A1
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 40
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000007274 generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241001315609 Pittosporum crassifolium Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000689 upper leg Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/13—Receivers
- G01S19/24—Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/13—Receivers
- G01S19/24—Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system
- G01S19/29—Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system carrier including Doppler, related
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
- G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
- G01S19/13—Receivers
- G01S19/35—Constructional details or hardware or software details of the signal processing chain
- G01S19/37—Hardware or software details of the signal processing chain
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
- H04B1/7073—Synchronisation aspects
- H04B1/7075—Synchronisation aspects with code phase acquisition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S331/00—Oscillators
- Y10S331/03—Logic gate active element oscillator
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a code NCO that outputs a code enable signal used to generate a PN code that is a CZA code or a P (Y) code, and a GPS receiver that includes the code NCO.
- a GPS receiver demodulates a signal modulated by a saddle code to observe a carrier phase, a code phase, a navigation message, and the like included in the signal and use them for positioning.
- the received GPS signal is separated into an in-phase signal and a quadrature signal and then AZD converted.
- the baseband in-phase signal and quadrature signal are generated from the carrier phase signal output from the carrier NCO, and the carrier phase is obtained by correlating these signals with the code generated by the code generator. Play information such as code phase and navigation message.
- the GPS receiver is provided with a code NCO as a code generation unit that generates a code enable signal that gives a code generation timing to the code generator.
- FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a conventional general code NCO.
- the conventional code NCO includes a Karo arithmetic unit 101, a multiplexer ( ⁇ ) 102, a register 103, and a latch circuit 104.
- the adder 101 inputs a predetermined set value ⁇ and the integer output from the register 103, and outputs these added values to the multiplexer 102.
- the latch circuit 104 receives a phase adjustment value CPA (Code Phase Adjustment) for adjusting the phase of the code NCO and a write enable signal WE from a microprocessor (not shown), and performs phase adjustment at the timing of the write enable signal WE. Outputs the value CPA.
- CPA Code Phase Adjustment
- the multiplexer 102 receives the integer output from the adder 101 and the phase adjustment value CPA output from the latch circuit 104, and outputs one of them according to an adjustment timing signal AD (Adjust Timing).
- Register 103 is input from multiplexer 102 The signal is latched based on the sampling clock signal SCLK (hereinafter referred to as “clock signal”) and output to the adder 101, and also output as a code enable signal.
- SCLK sampling clock signal
- the set value P is not always an integer. In this case, a so-called rounding error occurs, which reduces the code resolution of the code NCO or generates a cumulative error.
- the problem of reduced resolution can be solved by increasing the number of bits in the adder or register, and the cumulative error can be solved by periodically inputting the phase adjustment value. There is a new problem that the process becomes larger and the control becomes complicated.
- Patent Document 1 An apparatus for solving such a problem is described in Patent Document 1, and a block diagram showing a schematic configuration thereof is shown in FIG.
- the code NCO of another conventional configuration includes a multiplexer 201 and an adder.
- Multiplexer 201 operates in either shift mode or normal mode.
- the multiplexer 201 inputs the phase control value (CONTROL) and outputs it to the adder 202.
- the phase control value (CONTROL) is expressed by the following equation when the number of bits of the adder 202 and the latch circuit 203 is L.
- SHIFT is a phase amount to which the current phase force is moved, and is expressed in units of a clock signal (SCLK).
- the multiplexer 201 selects and outputs the integer N or the integer M according to the value of Q12 of the latch circuit 203 input to the selector terminal (SELECT).
- SELECT selector terminal
- Adder 202 adds the value input from multiplexer 201 and the value output from latch circuit 203 and outputs the result to latch circuit 203.
- the latch circuit 203 latches and outputs the output from the adder 202 using the input clock signal SCLK. At this time, if Q12 is “1”, the output signal of the latch circuit 203 is externally output as the code enable signal CEC.
- the code NCO is optimally used under the following conditions.
- the condition is that the frequency f of the clock signal SCLK is 5 MHz, the number of bits L is 12, the integer N is 1023, and the integer M is 2619.
- the code enable The frequency f of the signal CEC is 10.23 MHz.
- Patent Literature l United States Patent, "5,663,733", Sep.2, 1997
- the frequency f power s of the code enable signal CEC is 10.23 MHz, whereas the frequency f power of the clock signal SCLK is 3 ⁇ 453 ⁇ 4.
- Optimum circuit conditions can be obtained only in the case of ⁇ . However, if the frequency f of the clock signal SCLK is increased to increase the resolution, the optimum conditions cannot be obtained.
- FIG. 20 shows the relationship between the machine state of the code NCO described in Patent Document 1 and the state space that can be realized from the number of bits of the circuit configuration.
- FIG. 20 is a state diagram showing the relationship between the machine state and the state space.
- (A) shows a state diagram before mapping the machine state to the state space, and
- (b) shows the machine state.
- the state diagram after mapping to the space is shown.
- the machine state has 2500 states from 0 to 2499.
- the code N CO shown in FIG. 19 has 1023 scans corresponding to the frequency f 10.23 MHz of the code enable signal CEC.
- Tate is located at the upper end of the machine state, and machine states 1477 to 2499 are used.
- the state 1023 corresponding to the code enable signal CEC is set to all states in the state space. (0-4095 (2 12 - 1)) shall be positioned in the upper half of the. That is, it must be in the state space state 2047 (2 U — 1) to 4095 (2 12 — 1). As a result, the 1 023 state corresponding to the code enable signal CEC must be located in the state space from 2047 (2 U — 1) to 3076.
- an object of the present invention is to perform an easy control with an optimum circuit scale according to the frequency even when a clock signal having a frequency higher than that of a conventional clock signal is input, and to accurately determine a predetermined code code.
- the object is to provide a code NCO that outputs a navel signal and a GPS receiver equipped with the same.
- a code NCO that generates a code enable signal used for code phase observation
- two integers that are relatively prime are input, and one of the two integers is output by a selection signal.
- a second multiplexer that outputs one of these based on the adjustment signal, a register that latches and outputs the output of the second multiplexer according to the sampling clock signal, and an output value from the register is preset.
- Selection signal generating means for detecting a predetermined integer value and outputting a selection signal, wherein the selection signal is a code enable signal. It is said.
- the selection signal is sent from the selection signal generation means to the first multiplexer. Is output. For example, if the output power of the adder is a predetermined integer value within a preset integer range, the Hi state “1” selection signal is output, and if it is not the predetermined integer value, the Low state “0” is selected. A signal is output.
- the first multiplexer outputs one of the two input integers to the adder according to the input selection signal. In other words, different integers are output to the adder for the low state “0” selection signal and the high state “1” selection signal.
- the selection signal output from the selection signal generation means has a predetermined periodicity.
- the two input integers and the specified integer value of the selection signal generation means should be set appropriately according to the frequency of the sampling clock signal to be used, the frequency of the code enable signal to be obtained, and the number of bits of the constituent circuit
- a selection signal of Hi state “1” is output at a predetermined frequency that is the frequency of the code enable signal. That is, a code enable signal having a predetermined frequency is output.
- the present invention is characterized in that the selection signal output means is constituted by a comparator that outputs a selection signal by comparing the output of the register force with a threshold value that also determines two integer forces.
- the comparator power is applied to the first multiplexer.
- a selection signal is output. For example, if the integer output from the adder is within the predetermined integer range set by the threshold value, the Hi state “1” selection signal is output, and if not within the predetermined integer range, the Low state “0” is selected.
- a signal is output.
- the first multiplexer outputs one of the two input integers to the adder according to the input selection signal. That is, different integers are output to the adder for the selection signal of the low state “0” and the selection signal of the high state “1”.
- the selection signal output from the comparator has a predetermined periodicity.
- the two integers input to the first multiplexer, the threshold value of the comparator, and the predetermined integer range are determined according to the frequency of the sampling clock signal to be used, the frequency of the code enable signal to be obtained, and the number of bits of the component circuit.
- the selection signal of the Hi state “1” is output at a predetermined frequency that is the frequency of the code enable signal. That is, a code enable signal having a predetermined frequency is output.
- the present invention is characterized in that the selection signal output means is composed of AND operation means for outputting a selection signal using a result obtained by ANDing a predetermined plurality of bits of a register.
- a selection signal is output from the AND operation means to the first multiplexer. For example, if the most significant bit of the register and the one lower-order bit are both in the Hi state “1”, the AND operation means outputs the Hi state “1”. If the most significant bit of the register and the one lower-order bit are not in the Hi state “1”, the selection signal in the Low state “0” is output.
- the first multiplexer outputs either of the two input integers to the adder according to the input selection signal. In other words, different integers are output to the adder for the low state “0” selection signal and the high state “1” selection signal.
- the selection signal output from the AND operation device has a predetermined periodicity.
- the two integers input to the first multiplexer and the bit of the register that is ANDed by the AND operation means, the frequency of the sampling clock signal to be used, the frequency of the code enable signal to be obtained, the bits of the component circuit
- a selection signal of Hi state “1” is output at a predetermined frequency which is the frequency of the code enable signal. That is, a code enable signal having a predetermined frequency is output.
- the present invention is characterized in that the selection signal output means is constituted by NOR operation means for outputting a selection signal using a result of NOR processing a predetermined plurality of bits of a register.
- a selection signal is output from the NOR operation means to the first multiplexer. For example, if the most significant bit of the register and the one lower-order bit are both in the low state “0”, the selection signal of the high state “1” is output from the NOR operation means. If the low-order bit is not Low state “0”, the Low state “0” selection signal is output.
- the first multiplexer outputs either of the two input integers to the adder according to the input selection signal. In other words, different integers are output to the adder for the low state “0” selection signal and the high state “1” selection signal.
- the selection signal output from the NOR operation means has a predetermined periodicity.
- the two integers input to the first multiplexer and the register bit that NOR processing means performs NOR processing the frequency of the sampling clock signal to be used, the frequency of the code enable signal to be obtained, the number of bits of the constituent circuit
- the selection signal of the Hi state “1” is output at a predetermined frequency which is the frequency of the code enable signal. That is, a code enable signal having a predetermined frequency is output.
- the code NCO for generating the code enable signal used for code phase observation two integers that are relatively prime are input, and one of these two integers is output by the selection signal.
- a second multiplexer that inputs the integer and code phase adjustment value output from the adder and outputs one of them based on the adjustment signal, and outputs the output of the second multiplexer according to the sampling clock signal
- a register for latching and outputting, and the selection signal is a code enable signal.
- the adder detects this and outputs a selection signal to the first multiplexer. . That is, the selection signal is output at the next timing according to this state depending on whether or not the addition value exists within a predetermined range in the direction opposite to the direction in which the integer changes by the upper limit and lower limit force calculations of the adder. For example, if the adder detects an upper limit or a lower limit, that is, if an added value exists within the predetermined range, a selection signal of Hi state “1” is output at the next timing. On the other hand, while the added value exists in the other range, the selection signal of Low state “0” is output.
- the first multiplexer outputs either of the two input integers to the adder according to the input selection signal. In other words, different integers are output to the adder for the low state “ 0 ” selection signal and the high state “1” selection signal.
- the selection signal has a predetermined periodicity.
- the two integers input to the first multiplexer are appropriately set in accordance with the frequency of the sample clock signal to be used, the frequency of the code enable signal to be obtained, and the number of bits of the constituent circuit, so that the code A selection signal of Hi state “1” is output at a predetermined frequency which is the frequency of the enable signal. That is, a code enable signal having a predetermined frequency is output.
- the GPS receiver of the present invention includes the above-described code NCO, and uses the PN code generated based on the code enable signal output from the code NCO force, and thereby the code phase of the GPS signal. It is characterized by capturing and tracking.
- the code enable signal is accurately output by the above-described code NCO, an accurate PN code is generated based on the code enable signal.
- correlation processing with GPS signals becomes highly accurate. As a result, code phase acquisition 'tracking is performed with high accuracy and relative positioning with high accuracy is performed.
- the code NCO that outputs a code enable signal with a desired frequency with high accuracy by an easy control according to the frequency of the input sampling clock signal is reduced in size.
- a code NCO that outputs a code enable signal with a simple control flow and high accuracy using circuit components formed with the minimum number of bits that are not affected by the frequency of the sample clock signal. Can be configured.
- the present invention by using the above-described code NCO, it is possible to generate a high-accuracy PN code and configure a GPS receiver that performs GPS signal correlation processing with high accuracy. wear.
- the GPS signal is subjected to high-precision correlation processing, so that the code phase can be reliably captured and tracked, and relative positioning can be performed with high accuracy and reliability.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a code NCO according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a state diagram showing the relationship between the state space, the machine state, and the state corresponding to the code enable signal in the code NCO of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a code NCO according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a state diagram showing a relationship among a state space, a machine state, and a state corresponding to a code enable signal in the code NCO of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a code NCO according to a third embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a state diagram showing the relationship among the state space, machine state, and state corresponding to the code enable signal in the code NCO of the third embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a code NCO according to a fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a state diagram showing the relationship among the state space, the machine state, and the state corresponding to the code enable signal in the code NCO of the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a code NCO according to the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a state diagram showing a relationship among a state space, a machine state, and a state corresponding to a code enable signal in the code NCO of the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the code NCO according to the sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a state diagram showing the relationship among the state space, machine state, and state corresponding to the code enable signal in the code NCO of the sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a code NCO according to a seventh embodiment.
- FIG. 14 is a state diagram showing the relationship among the state space, machine state, and state corresponding to the code enable signal in the code NCO of the seventh embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a code NCO according to the eighth embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a state diagram showing the relationship among the state space, machine state, and state corresponding to the code enable signal in the code NCO of the eighth embodiment.
- FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a GPS receiver according to the ninth embodiment.
- FIG.18 Block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a conventional general code NCO.
- FIG. 19 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of the code NCO described in Patent Document 1.
- FIG. 20 State diagram showing the relationship between machine state and state space of conventional code NCO
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the code NCO according to the present embodiment.
- the code NCO shown in FIG. 1 includes multiplexers (MPX) 1 and 4, a calorie calculator 2, a latch circuit 3, a register 5, and a comparator 6.
- the multiplexers 1 and 4, adder 2, latch circuit 3, and register 5 are composed of digital arithmetic circuits having a bit number L power.
- the multiplexer 1 receives two integers N and M that are relatively prime and a selection signal that is an output signal of the comparator 6. Then, either one of two integers N or M is output according to this selection signal. For example, in the present embodiment, an integer N is output when the selection signal is in the Hi state “1”, and an integer M is output when the selection signal is in the Low state “0”.
- the multiplexer 1 corresponds to the “first multiplexer” of the present invention.
- the adder 2 adds the integer output from the multiplexer 1 and the output value from the register and outputs the result.
- the latch circuit 3 inputs a phase adjustment value CPA (Code Phase Adjustment) for controlling the code phase and a write enable signal WE, and outputs a phase adjustment value CPA at the timing of the write enable signal WE.
- CPA Code Phase Adjustment
- the multiplexer 4 receives the output value of the adder 2 and the output value (phase adjustment value CPA) from the latch circuit 3 and the adjustment timing signal AD (Adjust Timing). Then, at the timing given by the adjustment timing signal AD, one of the output values from the output value latch circuit 3 from the adder 2 is output. Specifically, the phase adjustment value CPA is output at the timing when the adjustment timing signal AD is input (shift mode). At other timings, the output value from adder 2 is output (normal mode).
- the multiplexer 4 corresponds to the “second multiplexer” of the present invention.
- the register 5 receives the output value of the multiplexer 4 and the sampling clock signal SCLK (hereinafter referred to as “clock signal”).
- the register 5 outputs the output s of the multiplexer 4 according to the frequency of the sampling clock signal SCLK (hereinafter referred to as “clock frequency”) f.
- the value is latched and output. This output value is input to the comparator 6 and input to the adder 2.
- Comparator 6 inputs the output value of register 5, compares it with a preset threshold value, and selects either of the values of Hi state "1" or Low state “0” according to the comparison result. Outputs a selection signal. This threshold depends on the clock frequency f and the frequency s of the code enable signal to be obtained.
- the output signal from the comparator 6 is in the Hi state “ If the output value of register 5 is less than the threshold set by (M, 1 N – 1), the output signal from comparator 6 will be in the low state “0”.
- the comparator 6 corresponds to “selection signal generation means” of the present invention.
- the selection signal goes from the comparator 6 to the Hi state “1” with a period corresponding to the frequency f (specifically, Movement
- a 0 code enable signal can be output.
- the phase adjustment is performed by adjusting the amount of state movement according to the amount of code phase shift.
- Equation (4) setting integer N to 1023 sets integer M 'to 4000. Also, since Equation (5) defines L such that M is the smallest integer not exceeding 2 L , L is set to 12 because M and force 000. From Equation (6), M is set to 1119.
- FIG. 2 shows the relationship among the state space, the machine state, and the state corresponding to the code enable signal in such a case.
- FIG. 2 is a state diagram showing the relationship among the state space, machine state, and state corresponding to the code enable signal in the code NCO of this embodiment.
- the code NCO shown in FIG. 1 has 4096 (2 12 ) states as the entire state space because the number of bits L of the circuit components is 12, and the clock frequency f force ⁇ s Since it is, the total number of machine states is 000. And this machine state 4000 starts from state 0 of the state space. It corresponds to the frequency f of the code enable signal.
- the number of states is represented by 1023 states in the 4000 machine states.
- the code NCO of this embodiment outputs this selection signal as a code enable signal. Therefore, the state corresponding to the code enable signal is represented by a state of the threshold value 2977 or more (2977 to 3999) in the machine state 4000. That is, it corresponds to the highest 1023 state of the machine state 4000.
- the multiplexer 1 outputs an integer N (1023) to the adder 2 when the selection signal of the low state “0” is input, and the integer M when the selection signal of the high state “1” is input.
- multiplexer 1 outputs the integer 1023 when the value of S state number 0 to 2976 is obtained when latching the output of adder 2 at the clock frequency, and latches the output of adder 2 at the clock frequency. If the value takes state numbers 2977 to 3999, the integer 1119 is output.
- Adder 2 adds the input 1023, 11191 /, whichever integer, to the output of register 5. For this reason, the state of the machine state transitions in an increasing direction.
- a state that outputs a code enable signal is arranged in a state space that is not located in the center of the state space, like the code NCO shown in FIG. 15 of the prior art. Since it is located at the end of the machine state, it is possible to reliably realize a state in which a code enable signal having a predetermined frequency is output according to the input clock frequency. At this time, the number of states in the state space, that is, the number of bits of the constituent circuit elements is set so that the number of states set by the clock frequency does not exceed the number of states obtained by the number of bits. A circuit configuration can always be realized.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the code NCO according to the present embodiment.
- the code NCO of this embodiment is different from the integer input to the multiplexer 1 and the threshold condition of the comparator 6, and the other configurations are the same as the code NCO shown in FIG. is there.
- the comparator 6 corresponds to “selection signal generating means” of the present invention.
- An integer (M, 1 N) and an integer (2 and N) are input to the multiplexer 1 of the code NCO of the present embodiment, and when a selection signal of Hi state “0” is input from the comparator 6 , integer - outputs (Micromax 'New), the selection signal of the Low state “1” from the comparator 6 is input and outputs the integer (2 L -N). Further, the comparator 6 of this embodiment outputs a Hi state “1” when the output value from the register 5 is smaller than the integer N, and a Low state “0” when the output value from the register 5 is equal to or greater than the integer N. Is output.
- FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the state space, the machine state, and the state corresponding to the code enable signal in the code NCO having such a configuration.
- FIG. 4 is a state diagram showing the relationship among the state space, machine state, and state corresponding to the code enable signal in the code NCO of the present embodiment.
- L is 1 2.
- ampnore clock frequency f is 40MHz
- code enable signal frequency f is 10.23 s 0
- integer N is 1023
- integer M ' is 4000.
- the code NCO shown in Fig. 3 has the same basic circuit configuration as the code NCO shown in Fig. 1.Therefore, the machine state 4000 starting from state 0 is included in the state space consisting of 4096 states. Be placed.
- the comparator 6 if the integer value output from the register 5 is less than the threshold value 1023, the comparator 6 outputs the selection signal of the Hi state “1” and is equal to or higher than the threshold value 1023. If this is the case, a low state “0” selection signal is output.
- the code NCO outputs this selection signal as a code enable signal. Therefore, the state corresponding to the code enable signal is represented by a state less than the threshold value 1023 (0 to 1022) in the machine state 4000. That is, it corresponds to the lowest 1023 state of the machine state 4000.
- the setting conditions can be changed according to the specifications of the GPS receiver used in the past.
- high-precision code phase observation can be easily realized, making it easy to improve the conventional GPS receiver.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the code NCO of the present embodiment.
- the code NCO shown in FIG. 5 is obtained by replacing the comparator 6 of the code NCO shown in FIG. 1 of the first embodiment with an AND operation unit 61.
- Other configurations are the same as the code NCO shown in FIG. is there.
- the AND operation unit 61 inputs the output of the most significant bit L of the register 5 and the output of the one lower bit (L 1), and outputs these AND operation results to the multiplexer 1.
- the AND operation unit 61 is in the Hi state only when the input signal from the most significant bit L of the register 5 and the input signal having the least significant bit (L-1) are both in the Hi state “1”.
- the signal “1” is output to multiplexer 1.
- a low state “0” signal is output to multiplexer 1.
- the code NCO of this embodiment outputs this signal output from the AND operation unit 61 as a code enable signal.
- the AND calculation unit 61 corresponds to the “selection signal generation means” of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a state diagram showing the relationship among the state space, machine state, and state corresponding to the code enable signal in the code NCO of the present embodiment.
- L is 12
- the sample frequency f is 40 MHz
- the frequency f of a single signal is 10.23
- the code enable signal in the Hi state “1” is output when the most significant bit and the one lower bit are in the Hi state as described above, the code enable signal is output.
- Multiplexer 1 outputs an integer 1023 when a low state “0” signal is input, and outputs an integer 1119 when a high state “1” signal is input.
- multiplexer 1 outputs integer 1023 when the value obtained by latching the output of adder 2 at the clock frequency takes states 95 to 3071, and the value obtained by latching the output of adder 2 at the clock frequency. Force state 307 When taking 2 to 4094, the integer 1119 is output.
- Adder 2 adds the input 1023, 11191 /, whichever integer, to the output of register 5. For this reason, the state of the machine state transitions in an increasing direction.
- the code NCO can be realized in an optimum circuit configuration with a simpler structure without using a comparator.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the code NCO according to the present embodiment.
- the code NCO of the present embodiment is obtained by replacing the AND operation unit 61 of the code NCO shown in the third embodiment with a NOR operation unit 62.
- the other configuration is a value input to the multiplexer 1 Except for, it is the same as the code NCO shown in Fig. 5.
- M′—N and 2 L —N are input to the multiplexer 1 shown in FIG. 7 instead of M and N, respectively.
- the NOR operation unit 62 inputs the output of the most significant bit L of the register 5 and the output of the lower bit L-1 of the register 5, and outputs these NOR operation results to the multiplexer 1.
- the NOR operation unit 62 is in the Hi state only when the input signal from the most significant bit L of the register 5 and the input signal from the lower bit L-1 are both in the low state “0”.
- a low state “0” signal is output to multiplexer 1.
- the code NCO of this embodiment outputs this signal output from the NOR operation unit 62 as a code enable signal.
- the NOR calculation unit 62 corresponds to the “selection signal generating means” of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 shows the state space, machine state, and code rice in the code NCO of the present embodiment. It is a state diagram which shows the relationship with the state corresponding to a bull signal.
- L is 12
- the sample frequency f is 40 MHz
- the frequency f of the code enable signal is 10. 23 s 0
- integer N is 1023
- integer M ' is 4000.
- the code enable signal is output when the most significant bit and the next lower bit are in the low state "0" as described above.
- the machine state is positioned from 1 to 4000.
- Multiplexer 1 outputs an integer 29 77 when a low state “0” signal is input, and outputs an integer 3072 when a high state “1” signal is input. Specifically, multiplexer 1 outputs integer 2977 when the value obtained by latching the output of adder 2 at the clock frequency takes states 1024 to 4000, and the value obtained by latching the output of adder 2 at the clock frequency. If the state takes states 1 to 1023, the integer 3072 is output.
- the Karo arithmetic unit 2 adds the input integer of 2977 or 3072 to the output of register 5. For this reason, the state of the machine state transitions in a decreasing direction.
- the code NCO can be realized in an optimal circuit configuration with a simpler structure without using a comparator, as in the third embodiment described above.
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the code NCO of this embodiment.
- the code NCO shown in FIG. 9 includes multiplexers (MPX) 1 and 4, a calorie calculator 7, a latch circuit 3, a register 5, and a comparator 6. Then, multiplexers 1 and 4, adder 7, The touch circuit 3 and the register 5 are composed of digital arithmetic circuits having the number of bits and L force.
- the multiplexer 1 receives two integers N and M that are relatively prime, and also receives a carrier signal for the adder 7. Then, according to this carrier signal, one of two integers N and M is output. For example, in the present embodiment, an integer N is output when the carrier signal is in the Hi state “1”, and an integer M is output when the carrier signal is in the carrier signal power ow state “0”.
- the multiplexer 1 corresponds to the “first multiplexer” of the present invention
- the carrier signal corresponds to the “selection signal” of the present invention.
- Adder 7 adds the integer output from multiplexer 1 and the output value from the register, and outputs the result.
- the adder 7 outputs to the multiplexer 1 a carrier signal consisting of two values, a Hi state and a Low state, according to the addition result. Specifically, when the adder 7 reaches the upper limit of the state space represented by the addition result force S bits and moves to the lower side, the adder 7 outputs the carrier signal in the Hi state “1” to the multiplexer 1 and adds it. If the result does not reach the upper limit of the state space expressed in bits, a carrier signal in the low state “0” is output to multiplexer 1.
- the carrier signal in the Hi state “1” is output, and if the integer after the addition is larger than the integer before the addition, the carrier in the Low state “0” is output. Signal is output.
- the latch circuit 3 inputs a phase adjustment value CPA (Code Phase Adjustment) for controlling the code phase and the write enable signal WE, and outputs the phase adjustment value CPA by the timing of the write enable signal WE. Output.
- CPA Code Phase Adjustment
- the multiplexer 4 receives the output value of the adder 2 and the output value (phase adjustment value CPA) from the latch circuit 3 and the adjustment timing signal AD (Adjust Timing). Then, at the timing given by the adjustment timing signal AD, one of the output values from the output value latch circuit 3 from the adder 2 is output. Specifically, the phase adjustment value CPA is output at the timing when the adjustment timing signal AD is input (shift mode), and the output value from the adder 2 is output at other timings (normal mode).
- the multiplexer 4 corresponds to the “second multiplexer” of the present invention.
- the register 5 receives the output value of the multiplexer 4 and the clock signal. Then, register 5 latches the output value of multiplexer 4 according to clock frequency f, and adds it to adder 7. Output.
- the integers N and M and the number of bits L are derived from the clock frequency f and the frequency f of the code enable signal to be obtained from the first embodiment described above.
- the carrier signal is set to Hi state “1” from the calorimeter 7 in a cycle corresponding to the frequency f (specifically, Movement
- the phase adjustment is performed by adjusting the state movement amount according to the code phase shift amount.
- integer N M
- number of bits L L
- frequency f of clock signal frequency f of code enable signal
- Equation (4) setting integer N to 1023 sets integer M 'to 4000. Also, since Equation (5) defines L such that M is the smallest integer not exceeding 2 L , L is set to 12 because M and force 000. From Equation (6), M is set to 1119.
- FIG. 10 shows the relationship among the state space, machine state, and state corresponding to the code enable signal in such a case.
- FIG. 10 is a state diagram showing the relationship among the state space, machine state, and state corresponding to the code enable signal in the code NCO of this embodiment.
- the code NCO shown in FIG. 9 has 4096 (2 12 ) states as a whole of the state space because the number of bits L of the circuit components is 12, and the clock frequency f force ⁇ s Since it is, the total number of machine states is 000.
- the number of states corresponding to the frequency f of the code enable signal is represented by 1023 states in the 4000 machine states.
- the adder 7 detects the most significant bit (upper limit of the state space), it generates a carrier signal in the Hi state “1” and the most significant force of the bit also shifts to the least significant bit, so that the most significant machine state 4 000 The upper level is located at the top 4095 of the state space.
- the code of this embodiment The NCO outputs this carrier signal as a code enable signal. Therefore, the state corresponding to the code enable signal is represented by a state of the threshold value 2977 or more (2977 to 3999) in the machine state 4000. This corresponds to the 1023 states at the top of the state space, ie 3073-4095.
- multiplexer 1 outputs integer N (1023) to adder 7 when a selection signal of low state “0” is input, and integer M when a selection signal of high state “1” is input. (1119) is output to the adder 7.
- the adder 7 adds the input integer of either 1023 or 1119 to the output of register 5. For this reason, the state of the machine state usually transitions in an increasing direction.
- the calorie calculation value reaches the upper limit (4095) of the state space, so that the adder 7 outputs the carrier signal of the Hi state “1”, and newly adds to the integer latched in the register 6.
- the machine moves to the state of the state 96 to L 118 from the state state of the state 3073 to 4095.
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the code NCO of this embodiment.
- the code NCO shown in FIG. 11 is provided with an inverter circuit 8 in the carrier signal output section of the adder 7, and an integer ( ⁇ '— ⁇ ) and an integer (2 L —N) are input to the multiplexer 1.
- Other configurations are the same as the code NCO shown in FIG. 9 of the fifth embodiment.
- An integer (M, 1 N) and an integer (2 L — N) are input to the multiplexer 1 of the code NCO of the present embodiment, and a selection signal of Hi state “1” is input from the inverter 8. And an integer ( ⁇ '— ⁇ ) is output, and when a low state “0” selection signal is input from inverter 8, an integer (2 L — ⁇ ) is output.
- FIG. 12 shows the relationship between the state space, the machine state, and the state corresponding to the code enable signal in the code NCO having such a configuration.
- FIG. 12 is a state diagram showing the relationship among the state space, machine state, and state corresponding to the code enable signal in the code NCO of this embodiment.
- L is 12 and the sample frequency f is 40 MHz, and the frequency f of the code enable signal is 10. 23 s 0
- integer N is 1023
- integer M ' is 4000.
- the number of states corresponding to the frequency f of the code enable signal is 1023 in the 4000 machine states.
- the adder 7 since the adder 7 detects the most significant bit (upper limit of the state space), it generates a carrier signal in the Hi state “1” and the most significant force of the bit also shifts to the least significant bit.
- the selection signal of low state “0” is input from the inverter 8 to the multiplexer 1.
- adder 7 does not detect the most significant bit (the upper limit of the state space), When the carrier signal is not generated, that is, when the low state “0” carrier signal is output from the adder 7, the Hi state “1” selection signal is input from the inverter 8 to the multiplexer 1.
- M integer latched in register 6
- a carrier signal in Hi state “1” selection signal in Low state “0”
- register 6 When a latched integer exists in states 0 to 1022, a carrier signal in the low state “0” (selection signal in the high state “1”) is output to multiplexer 1.
- the least significant 0 of the machine state 4000 is located at the least significant 0 of the state space, and the state corresponding to the code enable signal is represented by a state less than the threshold value 1023 (0 to 1022) in the machine state 4000.
- the This corresponds to 1023 states at the bottom of the state space, ie, 0 to 1022 states.
- the setting conditions that is, the input integer and threshold conditions. You can reverse the direction of state movement by simply changing it.
- high-precision code phase observation can be performed easily and more easily by using the configurations of the two embodiments of the present invention. Can be realized with a structure.
- high-precision code phase observation can be easily realized simply by changing the setting conditions according to the specifications of the GPS receiver used in the past. Therefore, it is easy to improve the conventional GPS receiver.
- FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the code NCO of this embodiment
- FIG. 14 is a state showing the relationship between the state space of the code NCO shown in FIG. 13, the machine state, and the state corresponding to the code enable signal.
- L is 12
- the sample clock frequency f is 40 MHz
- the frequency f of the code enable signal is 10.23 MHz
- the integer N is 10 s 0
- the integer M is 4000.
- the code NCO of this embodiment has a structure in which the carrier signal output from the adder 7 is latched by the register 6 and then output to the multiplexer 1, and the other configuration is the fifth embodiment. This is the same as the code NCO shown in.
- FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the code NCO of this embodiment
- FIG. 16 is a state showing the relationship between the state space of the code NCO shown in FIG. 15, the machine state, and the state corresponding to the code enable signal.
- L is 12
- the sample clock frequency f is 40 MHz
- the frequency f of the code enable signal is 10.23 MHz
- the integer N is 10 s 0
- the integer M is 4000.
- the code NCO of this embodiment has a structure in which the selection signal output from the inverter 8 is latched by the register 6 and then output to the multiplexer 1, and the other configuration is the same as in the fourth embodiment.
- the code shown is the same as NCO.
- a code enable signal having a predetermined frequency can be used.
- the code NCO that uses a high-frequency sampling clock signal can be realized with an optimal circuit configuration according to the frequency conditions set for each.
- FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a GPS receiver according to the present embodiment.
- the GPS receiver of this embodiment includes an antenna 11, an RF processing unit 12, an AZD converter 13, a phase rotator 14, a correlator 15, and a PN code generator 16. , Code NC017, carrier NC018, and microprocessor 19.
- the antenna 11 receives GPS signals of L1 wave and L2 wave power, and outputs them to the RF processing unit 12.
- the RF processing unit 12 converts the input GPS signal into an in-phase signal and a quadrature signal of an intermediate frequency and outputs them to the AZD converter 13. Further, the RF processing unit 12 detects the input GPS signal power sample clock signal and outputs it to each block.
- the AZD converter 13 performs AZD conversion on the input in-phase signal and quadrature signal and outputs the result to the phase rotator 14.
- the phase rotator 14 converts the input digital in-phase signal and quadrature signal into a baseband in-phase signal and an orthogonal signal based on the carrier phase input from the carrier NC018 and correlator.
- Output to 15 includes a number of correlation processing units corresponding to the number of GPS satellites, performs correlation processing based on the PN code output from PN code generator 16 and estimates and calculates the carrier phase error and code phase error.
- Microprocessor 19 estimates and calculates the carrier phase and code phase (pseudorange) using the input carrier phase error and code phase error. And output to a display unit (not shown).
- the code NC017 follows the control signal related to the code phase error input from the microprocessor 19 and generates a code enable signal having a predetermined frequency by a predetermined loop process and outputs the code enable signal to the PN code generator 16. .
- the PN code generator 16 outputs a CZA code or a P (Y) code stored in advance according to the code enable signal to each correlation processing unit of the correlator 15.
- Carrier NC 018 calculates the carrier phase based on the control signal related to the carrier phase error input from microprocessor 19 and outputs the result to phase rotator 14.
- the code NCO shown in the above-described embodiments is used as the code NC017 of such a GPS receiver.
- the PN code generator 16 can output a highly accurate and accurate PN code to the correlator 15.
- the correlator 15 can estimate and calculate the code phase and the carrier phase with high accuracy and accuracy, and the positioning accuracy is improved.
- the code NCO configuration can be realized with the minimum and optimum circuit configuration according to the desired frequency conditions, GPS reception with high accuracy and the optimum circuit configuration according to the desired conditions is possible.
- the machine can be made compact.
- the power described by taking a GPS system using a GPS receiver as an example All radio navigation systems (GNSS) using other PN codes as signals, such as G ALILEO system can also be applied to the GLONASS system, and the above-described effects can be achieved.
- the above-described configuration can be applied to a general wireless communication system that receives a wireless signal modulated with a PN code and a wireless communication device used therefor, and the above-described effects can be achieved.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Stabilization Of Oscillater, Synchronisation, Frequency Synthesizers (AREA)
- Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
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US11/663,147 US7573337B2 (en) | 2004-09-16 | 2005-07-04 | Code NCO and GPS receiver |
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JP2004-269583 | 2004-09-16 | ||
JP2004269583A JP4339215B2 (ja) | 2004-09-16 | 2004-09-16 | コードncoおよびgps受信機 |
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US (1) | US7573337B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4339215B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006030576A1 (ja) |
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RU2008151749A (ru) * | 2008-12-26 | 2010-07-10 | Андрей Владимирович Вейцель (RU) | Метод построения виброустойчивого навигационного приемника спутниковых сигналов |
GB2527014B8 (en) | 2013-04-11 | 2018-07-04 | Topcon Positioning Systems Llc | Common coordinate-quartz loop for reducing the impact of shock and vibration on global navigation satellite system measurements |
US11483025B2 (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2022-10-25 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd | System and method for providing a unified global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receiver |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5663733A (en) * | 1995-08-28 | 1997-09-02 | Trimble Navigation Limited | Digital bandwidth compression for optimum tracking in satellite positioning system receiver |
US6067328A (en) * | 1996-12-12 | 2000-05-23 | Alliedsignal | High precision hardware carrier frequency and phase aiding in a GPS receiver |
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US4556984A (en) * | 1983-12-27 | 1985-12-03 | Motorola, Inc. | Frequency multiplier/divider apparatus and method |
JPH07191274A (ja) * | 1993-12-27 | 1995-07-28 | Canon Inc | 画像表示装置 |
US6125325A (en) * | 1996-04-25 | 2000-09-26 | Sirf Technology, Inc. | GPS receiver with cross-track hold |
US7281025B2 (en) * | 2003-12-18 | 2007-10-09 | Tektronix, Inc. | Triggered DDS pulse generator architecture |
-
2004
- 2004-09-16 JP JP2004269583A patent/JP4339215B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-07-04 US US11/663,147 patent/US7573337B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-07-04 WO PCT/JP2005/012331 patent/WO2006030576A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US5663733A (en) * | 1995-08-28 | 1997-09-02 | Trimble Navigation Limited | Digital bandwidth compression for optimum tracking in satellite positioning system receiver |
US6067328A (en) * | 1996-12-12 | 2000-05-23 | Alliedsignal | High precision hardware carrier frequency and phase aiding in a GPS receiver |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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THOMPSON M.: "Low-latency, high-speed numerically controlled oscillator using progression-of-states technique", SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS, IEEE JOURNAL, vol. 27, no. 1, January 1992 (1992-01-01), XP000278599 * |
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US20070263701A1 (en) | 2007-11-15 |
JP4339215B2 (ja) | 2009-10-07 |
US7573337B2 (en) | 2009-08-11 |
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