WO2006022571A1 - Controller - Google Patents

Controller Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006022571A1
WO2006022571A1 PCT/RU2004/000466 RU2004000466W WO2006022571A1 WO 2006022571 A1 WO2006022571 A1 WO 2006022571A1 RU 2004000466 W RU2004000466 W RU 2004000466W WO 2006022571 A1 WO2006022571 A1 WO 2006022571A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
circuit
microprocessor
communication lines
voltage
diodes
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2004/000466
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Nikolay Valentinovich Tatarchenko
Original Assignee
Tatarchenko Nikolay Valentinov
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tatarchenko Nikolay Valentinov filed Critical Tatarchenko Nikolay Valentinov
Publication of WO2006022571A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006022571A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q9/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0264—Arrangements for coupling to transmission lines
    • H04L25/0278—Arrangements for impedance matching

Definitions

  • the invention relates to automatic means for collecting, processing and registering diagnostic and command notifications of various kinds, as well as for controlling acoustic, optic and other warning devices and various actua ⁇ tors, preferably in systems related to the address type and having a module distributed structure united with the digital interface (address bus).
  • controller comprising a circuit board with mounted thereon a microprocessor, and coupled with the latter a power supply, read only memory, time monitoring device, and power drive monitoring circuit.
  • controller comprising a circuit board with mounted thereon a microprocessor, and coupled with the latter a power supply, read only memory, time monitoring device, circuit for monitor ⁇ ing power relays, as well as communication, controlling and signaling lines.
  • Disadvantages of this controller are a narrow functionality that does not permit to use this device together with various kinds of warning devices (sen- sors) of several kinds, and a limited nature of permissible length of communi ⁇ cation lines.
  • the technical problem for the present group of inventions having the same purpose and united by the single technical plan is to provide a general- purpose effective controller having a broadened functionality, which ensures receiving and processing signals of warning devices (sensors) of several kinds and to broaden a store of address controllers.
  • the technical result ensuring the solution of the raised problem in all variants of invention is in broadening the functionality for interacting with warning devices (sensors) of various types differing in structure implementa ⁇ tion and monitored parameters and distributed along extensive communica- tion lines, and for controlling various kinds of actuators and signaling ele ⁇ ments, in increasing the reliability of electric-power supply, and also in in ⁇ creasing the reliability and operation accuracy in static and pulse interference condition.
  • the controller comprises a printed circuit board with a microprocessor mounted thereon and, coupled with the microprocessor, a power supply, read only memory, time monitoring device and circuit for controlling power relays, as well as communication lines connected to input/output channels of the mi ⁇ croprocessor, and controlling and signaling lines
  • the controller is provided with a circuit for matching and protecting communication lines, cir ⁇ cuit for matching with signaling elements, and line amplifier, all being con ⁇ nected to the microprocessor
  • the time monitoring device is made in the form of device for monitoring real time and date and is connected, along with the read only memory, to the microprocessor and circuit for matching and pro- tecting communication lines
  • the power supply is made in the form of al ⁇ ternating current / direct current (AC/DC) converter, diode, circuit for control ⁇ ling an external battery charging, and three direct current (DC) voltage con ⁇ verters, which first and second DC voltage converters are connected to the output of the AC/DC converter
  • the circuit for matching and protecting communication lines comprises suppressors which number is equal to the number of communica ⁇ tion lines, stabilizer diodes which number is equal to the number of commu ⁇ nication lines, and diodes which number is equal to the double number of communication lines, the input and output of each second one of the diodes are connected, respectively, to the neutral wire and to one of communication lines, the input and output of each one of other diodes are connected, respec ⁇ tively, to one of communication lines and to the second DC voltage converter, the input and output of each of suppressors and stabilizer diodes are con ⁇ nected, respectively, to the neutral wire and to one of communication lines which are connected through the resistors to the third DC voltage converter, the resistors being included in communication lines between the positions of connection of suppressors and stabilizer diodes.
  • the circuit for matching with signaling elements comprises transistors which number is greater by one than the number of signaling lines, and suppressors which number is equal to the number of signaling lines, the input and output of each of suppressors are connected, respectively, to the neutral wire and to one of transistors coupled through one resistor to the sec ⁇ ond DC voltage converter and through another resistor to the microprocessor.
  • the circuit for controlling power relays comprises, con ⁇ nected to the second DC voltage converter, transistors and power relays which numbers are equal to the number of actuators, in which circuit are included the contacts of power relays which control inputs are connected through the transistors to the microprocessor.
  • the line amplifier comprises a suppressor and diode con ⁇ nected in serial opposing and two comparators connected in opposition, the positive input of one comparator and the output of another comparator are coupled with the microprocessor, the negative inputs of comparators are con- nected to resistors, one of which is connected to the neutral wire and another resistor is connected to the second DC voltage converter.
  • the power supply is provided with a circuit for indicating an operation on main power-line or on battery, which circuit comprising a tran ⁇ sistor and two light-emitting diodes, the input of one light-emitting diode is coupled with the AC/DC converter, and another light-emitting diode is cou- pled, through the diode of power supply, with the output of the circuit for con ⁇ trolling an external battery charging and, through the transistor, with the AC/DC converter.
  • a circuit for indicating an operation on main power-line or on battery which circuit comprising a tran ⁇ sistor and two light-emitting diodes, the input of one light-emitting diode is coupled with the AC/DC converter, and another light-emitting diode is cou- pled, through the diode of power supply, with the output of the circuit for con ⁇ trolling an external battery charging and, through the transistor, with the AC/DC converter.
  • the controller is provided with a ventilator, each DC voltage converter comprises a voltage stabilizer, and the AC/DC converter comprises a rectifier bridge and is disposed on a radiator additionally mounted with ca ⁇ pability of forced air cooling by the ventilator, the first DC voltage converter comprising two diodes connected at the voltage stabilizer in parallel each other and in opposition to the parallel diodes of the circuit for controlling an external battery charging, and comprising two cut-outs connected to outputs of diodes, and the second DC voltage converter comprising a diode at the out ⁇ put of the voltage stabilizer, the first, second and third DC voltage converters having their output voltage 13.6 V, 12 v and 5 V, respectively.
  • the controller is provided with a ventilator, and the power supply is provided with a ventilator controlling circuit connected to the AC/DC converter and to the second and third DC voltage converters and con ⁇ sisting of serially connected thermal relay, comparator and transistor.
  • the controller comprises a printed circuit board with a microprocessor mounted thereon and, coupled with the microprocessor, a power supply, read only memory, time monitoring device and circuit for controlling power relays, as well as communication lines connected to input/output channels of the mi ⁇ croprocessor, and controlling and signaling lines
  • the controller is provided with a circuit for matching and protecting communication lines and circuit for matching with signaling elements, line amplifier and module for broadening controller functions, all being connected to the microprocessor
  • the time monitoring device is made in the form of device for monitoring real time and date and is connected, along with the read only memory, to the mi- croprocessor
  • the power supply is made in the form of alternating current / direct current (AC/DC) converter, diode, circuit for controlling an external battery charging, and three direct current (DC) voltage converters, which first and second DC voltage converters are connected to the output of the AC/DC converter, and which third DC voltage converter is connected to the micro- processor, read only memory
  • the module for broadening controller functions is made re- movable, having additional communication, controlling and signaling lines and comprises a serially connected multiplexer, two triggers, and two relays connected to the additional signaling lines, and also a voltage stabilizer cou ⁇ pled with the second DC voltage converter, and stabilizer diodes which num ⁇ ber is equal to the number of additional communication lines connected to in- puts of the multiplexer which outputs are connected to the microprocessor, wherein the input and output of each of stabilizer diodes are connected, re ⁇ spectively, to the neutral wire and to one of communication lines which are connected through resistors with the third DC voltage converter.
  • the circuit for matching and protecting communication lines comprises suppressors which number is equal to the number of communica ⁇ tion lines of the controller, stabilizer diodes which number is equal to the number of communication lines, and diodes which number is equal to the double number of communication lines, the input and output of each second of the diodes are connected, respectively, to the neutral wire and to one of communication lines, the input and output of each of other diodes are con ⁇ nected, respectively, to one of communication lines and to the second DC voltage converter, the input and output of each of suppressors and stabilizer diodes are connected, respectively, to the neutral wire and to one of commu ⁇ nication lines which are connected through the resistors to the third DC volt- age converter, the resistors being included in communication lines between the positions of connection of suppressors and stabilizer diodes.
  • Fig. 1 depicts the general view of the controller in perspective
  • Fig. 2 is the block diagram of the controller
  • Fig. 3 shows the preferred embodiment of the circuit for matching and protecting communication lines and circuit for matching with signaling ele ⁇ ments
  • Fig. 4 shows the preferred embodiment of the power supply diagram
  • Fig. 5 shows the preferred embodiment of the time monitoring device and read only memory
  • Fig. 6 shows the preferred embodiment of the circuit for controlling power relays (and actuators);
  • Fig. 7 shows the preferred embodiment of the ventilator controlling cir ⁇ cuit
  • Fig. 8 shows the preferred embodiment of the diagram of the line am- plifier
  • Fig. 9 shows the preferred embodiment of the diagram of the module for broadening functions
  • Fig. 10 shows the preferred embodiment of the circuit diagram of guard device employed the controller.
  • the controller comprises the printed circuit board (not marked) on which there are mounted a microprocessor 1 , read only memory 2 in the form of non-volatile memory microcircuit, time monitoring device 3, circuit 4 for controlling power relays, circuit 5 for matching and protecting communica ⁇ tion lines, circuit 6 for matching with signaling elements, line amplifier 7, and module 14 for broadening controller functions.
  • the time monitoring device 3 is made in the form of device for monitoring real time and date (e.g., in the form of timepiece microcircuit) and, together with the read only memory 2, is connected to the microprocessor 1, and the power supply is made in the form of AC/DC converter 8, diode 9, circuit 10 for controlling an external battery charging (not incorporated into the controller and not shown), and three DC voltage converters 11, 12, 13.
  • the microprocessor 13 is connected to the microprocessor 1, read only memory 2, device 3 for monitoring real time and date, and circuit 5 for matching and protecting communication lines.
  • the microprocessor 1 is coupled with the circuit 10 for controlling an external battery charging, to which input is connected the first DC voltage converter 11, and which output is connected through the diode 9 to the second and third DC voltage converters 12, 13, line amplifier 7, circuit 6 for matching with signaling elements, circuit 4 for controlling power relays, and module 14 for broadening controller functions, which module 14 is a part of the controller in accordance with the second variant of the invention.
  • the components 1 to 13 of the controller are incorporated into the controller in ac ⁇ cordance with both variants of the invention.
  • the controller has the communication lines connected to the in ⁇ put/output channels of the microprocessor 1, the controlling and signaling lines, the neutral wire, and also the binding posts (not shown in drawings) for connecting wires.
  • the circuit has also balance resistors and other standard elements not incorporated into the necessary functional assemblies.
  • the employed elements and microcircuits (element base) depicted in drawings in accordance with the normative designation system are standard products and are employed in ac- cordance with the published catalogues.
  • the microprocessor 1 are preferably used the serially produced microcircuits, namely, the one-chip microcontrollers of the type PIC12C5, PICl 2C6 according to the catalogue «HH ⁇ opMai],H ⁇ HHbiH ⁇ a ⁇ ajior» ["Information catalogue” (in Russian)], Sanlct- Russia, GAMMA, 2002.
  • the microcircuits of the type Amtel and other could be used, too.
  • the circuit 5 for matching and protecting communication lines com ⁇ prises suppressors which number is equal to the number of communication lines, stabilizer diodes which number is equal to the number of communica ⁇ tion lines, and diodes which number is equal to the double number of com- m ⁇ nication lines, the input and output of each second one of the diodes are connected, respectively, to the neutral wire and to one of communication lines, the input and output of each one of other diodes are connected, respec ⁇ tively, to one of communication lines and to the second DC voltage converter
  • each of suppressors and stabilizer diodes are con- nected, respectively, to the neutral wire and to one of communication lines which are connected through the resistors to the third DC voltage converter
  • the circuit 6 for matching with signaling elements comprises transis ⁇ tors which number is greater by one than the number of signaling lines, and suppressors which number is equal to the number of signaling lines, the input and output of each of suppressors are connected, respectively, to the neutral wire and to one of transistors coupled through one resistor to the second DC voltage converter 12 and through another resistor to the microprocessor 1 .
  • the circuit 4 for controlling power relays comprises, connected to the second DC voltage converter 12, transistors and power relays which numbers are equal to the number of actuators (not shown), in which circuit are con- nected contacts of power relays which control inputs are connected through the transistors to the microprocessor 1.
  • the line amplifier 7 comprises a suppressor and diode connected in se ⁇ rial opposing and two comparators connected in opposition, the positive input of one comparator and the output of another comparator are coupled with the microprocessor 1, the negative inputs of comparators are connected to resis ⁇ tors, one of which is connected to the neutral wire and another resistor is con ⁇ nected to the second DC voltage converter 12.
  • the circuit 10 for controlling an external battery charging comprises two parallel diodes and control circuit which includes a serially connected self-restorable cut-out, third diode and relay having normally closed contacts, which control input is connected to the microprocessor 1 .
  • the power supply is provided with a circuit 15 for indicating an opera ⁇ tion on main power-line or on battery, which circuit 15 comprising a transis ⁇ tor and two light-emitting diodes of different colours, the input of one light- emitting diode is coupled with the AC/DC converter 8, and another light- emitting diode is coupled, through the diode 9, with the output of the circuit 10 for controlling an external battery charging and, through the transistor, with the AC/DC converter 8.
  • the controller could be provided with a ventilator (not shown).
  • the power supply includes a ventilator controlling circuit 16 connected to the AC/DC converter 8 and to the second and third DC voltage converters 12, 13 and consisting of serially connected thermal relay, compara- tor and transistor.
  • the DC voltage converter 11 comprises a voltage stabilizer being con ⁇ trolled
  • the AC/DC converter 8 comprises a rectifier bridge and is dis ⁇ posed on a radiator (not shown) additionally mounted with capability of forced air cooling by the ventilator
  • the first DC voltage converter 1 1 com- prising two diodes connected at the voltage stabilizer in parallel each other and in opposition to the parallel diodes of the circuit 10 for controlling an ex ⁇ ternal battery charging, and comprising two cut-outs connected to outputs of diodes
  • the second DC voltage converter 12 comprising a diode at the output of the voltage stabilizer, the first, second and third DC voltage con- verters 11, 12, 13 having their output voltages 13.6 V, 12 v and 5 V, respec ⁇ tively.
  • the module 14 for broadening controller functions is made removable, having additional communication, controlling and signaling lines and com ⁇ prises a serially connected multiplexer 17, two triggers, and two relays con- nected to the additional signaling lines, and also a voltage stabilizer coupled with the second DC voltage converter 12, and stabilizer diodes which number is equal to the number of additional communication lines connected to inputs of the multiplexer which outputs are connected to the microprocessor 1 , wherein the input and output of each of stabilizer diodes are connected, re- spectively, to the neutral wire and to one of communication lines which are connected through resistors with the third DC voltage converter 13.
  • the controller components relate to digital finite-state machines for which are known the techniques of structure synthesis according to the function content description (data about functions, set forth in the description), i.e., they could be synthesized using known rules and techniques by which an automatic device could be produced according to the requirements being made to this device.
  • warning devices could be employed, for example, a reader (from a card, key, etc.), a guard surface (window) warning device, guard magnet-contact warning devices, acoustic warning devices, movement sensors, level sensors, pressure sensors, liquid consumption sen- sors, sensors of other physical parameters, sealed-contact reed relays, thermal (fire-alarm) warning devices, smoke (fire-alarm) warning devices, combined fire-alarm and other warning devices/ all warning devices are connected to the address bus and input/output of the microprocessor 1 through the address mi- crocircuit modules 18.
  • the controller could be used, for example, in security and fire alarm or fire-fighting systems, access monitoring and control systems (turnstiles, gates, latches, turnpikes, doors), engineer equipment monitoring and control systems (air conditioning and ventilation, water supply, electric-power supply with re ⁇ gard to the water and/or electric power consumption), light control systems, and also in many other systems including the combined ones.
  • the controller operates as follows.
  • the first DC voltage converter 11 Upon applying power from the AC power network, the first DC voltage converter 11 produces the direct current with the voltage of 13.6 V, which DC is applied, through a diode, for charging the external stand-by battery (having capacity up to 7 A/hour), and, through another diode, for supplying controller circuits including the microprocessor 1.
  • the micro ⁇ processor 1 gives a command to close the relay.
  • the circuit 10 for con ⁇ trolling an external battery charging ensures device performance while charg ⁇ ing a battery and excludes a possibility of failures in controller operation.
  • the circuit 15 for indicating an operation on main power-line or on battery indicates on what manner is carried out the controller supply, by lighting one of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) of different colours, of which the green LED shines when operating on main power-line, and the red LED shines when operating on battery.
  • the first, second, and third DC voltage converters 1 1 , 12, 13 produces their output voltages in accordance with adjustment of their voltage stabiliz ⁇ ers: 13.6 V, 12 V, 5 V, respectively.
  • the voltage stabilizer of the first DC voltage converter 1 1 is made controlled.
  • the ventilator is turned on/off in ac ⁇ cordance with the operation of the thermal relay disposed on the radiator, ex- trading heat from the rectifier and converters 11 to 13, and thus ensuring a possibility of failure-free operation.
  • the microprocessor 1 In watching mode of the controller, with the voltage in the system, the microprocessor 1 produces a periodic interrogation of all sensors (warning devices). Sensors inform an object state. Address microcircuit modules moni- tor a state of sensors (warning devices) and transmit this information to the controller in the form of notification through the circuit 5 for matching com ⁇ munication lines. The transmission of notifications is usually carried out in the digital form. At a moment of action accomplishment, for example, applying a key to a certain reader (warning device), a signal is formed at the output of the cir ⁇ cuit 5 for matching and protecting communication lines. The circuit 5 for matching and protecting communication lines provides an information ex- change with the microprocessor 1 over input/output channels (logical inputs).
  • the resistors do not permit a generation of noise from switching and limit a current in communication lines.
  • Suppressors Schottky diodes having internal voltage drop lesser than the diodes, limit static positive and negative deviations of voltages above 12 V.
  • the stabilizer diodes limit static positive deviations of voltages above 5 V.
  • the diodes limit pulse positive de ⁇ viations of voltages above 12 V, transmitting the excessive energy to the power network.
  • the microprocessor 1 receives voltage normalized (5 V) signals over communication lines regardless of presence and duration of noise, and the controller as a whole can receive both the weakest useful sig- nals against background of strong interferences simultaneously acting over the whole range or at least one high-powered interference, and very strong signals without any overload and distortions. At the same time, the controller transmits voltage normalized (5 V) signals over communication lines.
  • the microprocessor 1 finds in the read only memory (ROM) 2 the number of key and the number of area being monitored, an access to which area is possible using this key. In accordance with the program being at its disposal and the information of the read only memory 2 and time monitoring device 3, the microprocessor 1 determines whether the person with this key the right to access that area at this time, date and month.
  • the time monitoring device 3 allows for the microprocessor 1 to determine the time admissibility of various signals based on the received data being compared with the data stored in the ROM 2 about the fixed working time during a day and about cal- endar rest-days, vacations, etc.
  • the microproces ⁇ sor 1 through the circuit 6 for matching with signaling elements, sends sig ⁇ nals for operating signal devices.
  • the circuit 6 ensures the permissible signal- ing (warning), i.e., a corresponding acoustic signal and a lighting of permissi ⁇ ble transparent or blinking of the green LED.
  • the circuit 6 ensures a matching of power being transmitted over signaling lines with a consumed power of signaling means owing to the conversion of signals (5 V in voltage) of the microprocessor 1 into output signals of transistors (12 V in voltage) and suppression in these lines, if necessary, an interference owing to operation of suppressors that limit static positive and negative deviations of voltages above 12 V.
  • the microprocessor 1, through the circuit 4 for controlling power relays using actuators performs operations for unlocking a door, and/or releasing a passage through a turnstile, and/or opening a gate, and/or switching on fire-fighting equipment, and/or switching on/off a ventilator or air-conditioner, etc.
  • the circuit 4 for controlling power relays ensures an op ⁇ eration of relays, and thus a switching of actuators.
  • signals (5 V in voltage) of the microprocessor 1 in controlling lines are converted into signals (12 V in voltage) at control inputs of power relays which could, in their turn, close actuator power circuits having voltage of 220 V, 380 V, and others.
  • the micro ⁇ processor 1 through the circuit 6 for matching with signaling elements, per ⁇ forms an alarm signaling: a sharp acoustic signal (siren), signal to a guard panel, and lighting of prohibitive transparent or blinking of the red LED.
  • the microprocessor 1 through the circuit 4 for controlling power relays using actuators, performs operations for blocking a door, and/or locking a passage through a turnstile, and/or closing a gate, and/or switching on fire-fighting equipment, and/or opening/closing a shutter, and/or switching on/off a ventilator or air-conditioner.
  • the microprocessor 1 through the circuit 6 for matching with signaling elements sends an alarm signaling of fire to all points, where the people have to be evacuated from, and to a guard premise as well as to an enterprise direction.
  • the microprocessor 1 through the circuit 4 for controlling power relays actuates fire-fighting de ⁇ vices: mechanisms for supplying water, foam, fire-extinguishing powders, etc., as well as isolates the burning premises from other premises by means of blocking or closing doors and windows, switching off lift and other means.
  • the signal of a pressure sensor indicating a pressure drop lower than the permissible level, which indicates on a break of pipeline or reservoir. Breaking an integrity of doors, door locks, window glazing, etc. results also in forming corresponding signals of warning devices, coming through the circuit 5 for matching and protecting communication lines to the microproces ⁇ sor 1.
  • the microprocessor 1 through the cir ⁇ cuit 6 for matching with signaling elements sends an alarm signaling on tres- passer penetration to the guard premise as well as to enterprise direction.
  • the microprocessor 1 through the circuit 6 for controlling power relays closing actuators circuits, actuates security devices: lowers guard bars, closes a gate, supplies voltage onto barbed-wire entanglement, turns off a lighting and a water supply, locks safes, etc., as well as isolates the premise, in which the trespasser has come, from other premises by means of blocking or closing doors and windows and switching off lift.
  • the line amplifier 7 in a ramified system performs communication with operator's computer and also with other controllers serving separate groups of warning devices and actuators.
  • the resistors connected to the negative inputs of comparators carry out the functions of voltage dividers and ensure a form ⁇ ing of stepped, voltage normalized signals at the outputs of comparators re ⁇ gardless of form of input signal at the positive inputs.
  • the module 14 for broadening controller function when it is present, can receive notifications over additional communication lines, form (amplify, normalize) a signal for actuating a relay in circuits of additional actuators.
  • the module 14 for broadening controller functions could partly combine functions of one or more circuits: circuit 5 for matching and protect ⁇ ing communication lines, circuit 4 for controlling power relays, circuit 6 for matching with signaling elements.
  • the processing of signals coming over addi ⁇ tional communication lines is carried out similar to the aforementioned.
  • a general-purpose effective controller having a broadened func ⁇ tionality is provided, which controller ensures receiving and processing sig ⁇ nals of warning devices (sensors) of several kinds, as well as a store of ad- dress microcircuit modules is broadened.
  • the functionality is broadened for: interacting with warning devices (sensors) of various types differing in structure implementation and monitored parameters, and also for controlling various kinds of actuators and signaling elements; the reliability of electric-power supply is increased; and also is increased the reliability and operation accuracy in static and pulse in ⁇ terference condition.

Abstract

The controller comprises a microprocessor, read only memory (ROM), circuit for controlling power relays, circuit for matching and protecting communication lines, circuit for matching with signaling elements, line amplifier, module for broadening controller function, all being connected to the microprocessor, a device for monitoring real time and date all connected to the microprocessor and circuit for matching and protecting communication lines, and the power supply is made in the form of alternating current/direct current (AC/DC) converter, diode, circuit for controlling an external battery charging, and direct current (DC) voltage converters, which first and second DC voltage converters are connected to the output of the AC/DC converter, and which third DC voltage converter is connected to the microprocessor, ROM, device for monitoring real time and date, and circuit for matching and protecting communication lines. As a result, the controller functionality is broadened, a reliability and accuracy are increased.

Description

CONTROLLER
Field of the Invention
The invention relates to automatic means for collecting, processing and registering diagnostic and command notifications of various kinds, as well as for controlling acoustic, optic and other warning devices and various actua¬ tors, preferably in systems related to the address type and having a module distributed structure united with the digital interface (address bus).
Background of the Invention
From the patent sources, known is the controller comprising a circuit board with mounted thereon a microprocessor, and coupled with the latter a power supply, read only memory, time monitoring device, and power drive monitoring circuit. (1) Disadvantages of this controller are a narrow functionality that does not permit to use this device together with various kinds of warning devices (sen¬ sors) of several kinds, and a low reliability.
From the patent sources, known is the controller comprising a circuit board with mounted thereon a microprocessor, and coupled with the latter a power supply, read only memory, time monitoring device, circuit for monitor¬ ing power relays, as well as communication, controlling and signaling lines.
(2)
Disadvantages of this controller are a narrow functionality that does not permit to use this device together with various kinds of warning devices (sen- sors) of several kinds, and a limited nature of permissible length of communi¬ cation lines.
The technical problem for the present group of inventions having the same purpose and united by the single technical plan is to provide a general- purpose effective controller having a broadened functionality, which ensures receiving and processing signals of warning devices (sensors) of several kinds and to broaden a store of address controllers.
Summary of the Invention
The technical result ensuring the solution of the raised problem in all variants of invention is in broadening the functionality for interacting with warning devices (sensors) of various types differing in structure implementa¬ tion and monitored parameters and distributed along extensive communica- tion lines, and for controlling various kinds of actuators and signaling ele¬ ments, in increasing the reliability of electric-power supply, and also in in¬ creasing the reliability and operation accuracy in static and pulse interference condition.
The essence of the invention in accordance with the first variant is in that the controller comprises a printed circuit board with a microprocessor mounted thereon and, coupled with the microprocessor, a power supply, read only memory, time monitoring device and circuit for controlling power relays, as well as communication lines connected to input/output channels of the mi¬ croprocessor, and controlling and signaling lines, wherein the controller is provided with a circuit for matching and protecting communication lines, cir¬ cuit for matching with signaling elements, and line amplifier, all being con¬ nected to the microprocessor, the time monitoring device is made in the form of device for monitoring real time and date and is connected, along with the read only memory, to the microprocessor and circuit for matching and pro- tecting communication lines, and the power supply is made in the form of al¬ ternating current / direct current (AC/DC) converter, diode, circuit for control¬ ling an external battery charging, and three direct current (DC) voltage con¬ verters, which first and second DC voltage converters are connected to the output of the AC/DC converter, and which third DC voltage converter is con¬ nected to the microprocessor, read only memory, device for monitoring real time and date, and circuit for matching and protecting communication lines, the microprocessor being coupled with the circuit for controlling an external battery charging, to which input is connected the first DC voltage converter and which output is connected through the diode to the second and third DC voltage converters, line amplifier, circuit for matching with signaling ele¬ ments, and circuit for controlling power relays.
Preferably, the circuit for matching and protecting communication lines comprises suppressors which number is equal to the number of communica¬ tion lines, stabilizer diodes which number is equal to the number of commu¬ nication lines, and diodes which number is equal to the double number of communication lines, the input and output of each second one of the diodes are connected, respectively, to the neutral wire and to one of communication lines, the input and output of each one of other diodes are connected, respec¬ tively, to one of communication lines and to the second DC voltage converter, the input and output of each of suppressors and stabilizer diodes are con¬ nected, respectively, to the neutral wire and to one of communication lines which are connected through the resistors to the third DC voltage converter, the resistors being included in communication lines between the positions of connection of suppressors and stabilizer diodes.
Preferably, the circuit for matching with signaling elements comprises transistors which number is greater by one than the number of signaling lines, and suppressors which number is equal to the number of signaling lines, the input and output of each of suppressors are connected, respectively, to the neutral wire and to one of transistors coupled through one resistor to the sec¬ ond DC voltage converter and through another resistor to the microprocessor. Preferably, the circuit for controlling power relays comprises, con¬ nected to the second DC voltage converter, transistors and power relays which numbers are equal to the number of actuators, in which circuit are included the contacts of power relays which control inputs are connected through the transistors to the microprocessor.
Preferably, the line amplifier comprises a suppressor and diode con¬ nected in serial opposing and two comparators connected in opposition, the positive input of one comparator and the output of another comparator are coupled with the microprocessor, the negative inputs of comparators are con- nected to resistors, one of which is connected to the neutral wire and another resistor is connected to the second DC voltage converter.
Preferably, the circuit for controlling an external battery charging com¬ prises two parallel diodes and control circuit which includes a serially con¬ nected self-restorable cut-out, third diode and relay having normally closed contacts, which control input is connected to the microprocessor.
Preferably, the power supply is provided with a circuit for indicating an operation on main power-line or on battery, which circuit comprising a tran¬ sistor and two light-emitting diodes, the input of one light-emitting diode is coupled with the AC/DC converter, and another light-emitting diode is cou- pled, through the diode of power supply, with the output of the circuit for con¬ trolling an external battery charging and, through the transistor, with the AC/DC converter.
Preferably, the controller is provided with a ventilator, each DC voltage converter comprises a voltage stabilizer, and the AC/DC converter comprises a rectifier bridge and is disposed on a radiator additionally mounted with ca¬ pability of forced air cooling by the ventilator, the first DC voltage converter comprising two diodes connected at the voltage stabilizer in parallel each other and in opposition to the parallel diodes of the circuit for controlling an external battery charging, and comprising two cut-outs connected to outputs of diodes, and the second DC voltage converter comprising a diode at the out¬ put of the voltage stabilizer, the first, second and third DC voltage converters having their output voltage 13.6 V, 12 v and 5 V, respectively. Preferably, the controller is provided with a ventilator, and the power supply is provided with a ventilator controlling circuit connected to the AC/DC converter and to the second and third DC voltage converters and con¬ sisting of serially connected thermal relay, comparator and transistor.
The essence of the invention in accordance with the second variant is in that the controller comprises a printed circuit board with a microprocessor mounted thereon and, coupled with the microprocessor, a power supply, read only memory, time monitoring device and circuit for controlling power relays, as well as communication lines connected to input/output channels of the mi¬ croprocessor, and controlling and signaling lines, wherein the controller is provided with a circuit for matching and protecting communication lines and circuit for matching with signaling elements, line amplifier and module for broadening controller functions, all being connected to the microprocessor, the time monitoring device is made in the form of device for monitoring real time and date and is connected, along with the read only memory, to the mi- croprocessor, and the power supply is made in the form of alternating current / direct current (AC/DC) converter, diode, circuit for controlling an external battery charging, and three direct current (DC) voltage converters, which first and second DC voltage converters are connected to the output of the AC/DC converter, and which third DC voltage converter is connected to the micro- processor, read only memory, device for monitoring real time and date, and circuit for matching and protecting communication lines, the microprocessor being coupled with the circuit for controlling an external battery charging, to which input is connected the first DC voltage converter, and which output is connected through the diode to the second and third DC voltage converters, line amplifier, circuit for matching with signaling elements, circuit for con¬ trolling power relays, and the module for broadening controller functions.
Preferably, the module for broadening controller functions is made re- movable, having additional communication, controlling and signaling lines and comprises a serially connected multiplexer, two triggers, and two relays connected to the additional signaling lines, and also a voltage stabilizer cou¬ pled with the second DC voltage converter, and stabilizer diodes which num¬ ber is equal to the number of additional communication lines connected to in- puts of the multiplexer which outputs are connected to the microprocessor, wherein the input and output of each of stabilizer diodes are connected, re¬ spectively, to the neutral wire and to one of communication lines which are connected through resistors with the third DC voltage converter.
Preferably, the circuit for matching and protecting communication lines comprises suppressors which number is equal to the number of communica¬ tion lines of the controller, stabilizer diodes which number is equal to the number of communication lines, and diodes which number is equal to the double number of communication lines, the input and output of each second of the diodes are connected, respectively, to the neutral wire and to one of communication lines, the input and output of each of other diodes are con¬ nected, respectively, to one of communication lines and to the second DC voltage converter, the input and output of each of suppressors and stabilizer diodes are connected, respectively, to the neutral wire and to one of commu¬ nication lines which are connected through the resistors to the third DC volt- age converter, the resistors being included in communication lines between the positions of connection of suppressors and stabilizer diodes. Brief Description of Drawings
Fig. 1 depicts the general view of the controller in perspective;
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of the controller;
Fig. 3 shows the preferred embodiment of the circuit for matching and protecting communication lines and circuit for matching with signaling ele¬ ments;
Fig. 4 shows the preferred embodiment of the power supply diagram;
Fig. 5 shows the preferred embodiment of the time monitoring device and read only memory; Fig. 6 shows the preferred embodiment of the circuit for controlling power relays (and actuators);
Fig. 7 shows the preferred embodiment of the ventilator controlling cir¬ cuit,
Fig. 8 shows the preferred embodiment of the diagram of the line am- plifier;
Fig. 9 shows the preferred embodiment of the diagram of the module for broadening functions;
Fig. 10 shows the preferred embodiment of the circuit diagram of guard device employed the controller.
Detailed Description of the Invention
The controller comprises the printed circuit board (not marked) on which there are mounted a microprocessor 1 , read only memory 2 in the form of non-volatile memory microcircuit, time monitoring device 3, circuit 4 for controlling power relays, circuit 5 for matching and protecting communica¬ tion lines, circuit 6 for matching with signaling elements, line amplifier 7, and module 14 for broadening controller functions. The time monitoring device 3 is made in the form of device for monitoring real time and date (e.g., in the form of timepiece microcircuit) and, together with the read only memory 2, is connected to the microprocessor 1, and the power supply is made in the form of AC/DC converter 8, diode 9, circuit 10 for controlling an external battery charging (not incorporated into the controller and not shown), and three DC voltage converters 11, 12, 13. The first converter 1 1 and the second converter
12 are connected to the output of AC/DC converter 8, and the third converter
13 is connected to the microprocessor 1, read only memory 2, device 3 for monitoring real time and date, and circuit 5 for matching and protecting communication lines. The microprocessor 1 is coupled with the circuit 10 for controlling an external battery charging, to which input is connected the first DC voltage converter 11, and which output is connected through the diode 9 to the second and third DC voltage converters 12, 13, line amplifier 7, circuit 6 for matching with signaling elements, circuit 4 for controlling power relays, and module 14 for broadening controller functions, which module 14 is a part of the controller in accordance with the second variant of the invention. The components 1 to 13 of the controller are incorporated into the controller in ac¬ cordance with both variants of the invention.
The controller has the communication lines connected to the in¬ put/output channels of the microprocessor 1, the controlling and signaling lines, the neutral wire, and also the binding posts (not shown in drawings) for connecting wires.
The circuit has also balance resistors and other standard elements not incorporated into the necessary functional assemblies.
The mentioned lines and the neutral wire as well as the below men- tioned standard elements: resistors, transistors, triggers, cut-outs, diodes, sta¬ bilizer diodes, suppressors, voltage stabilizers, relays, rectifiers, comparators, and their inputs/outputs (channels) have graphic and alphabetic designations in Fig. 2-10 in accordance with the FOCT 2.743-91 «O6θ3HaMeHHΛ yαπoBHbie rpaφHHecKHe B cxeMax. 3jτeMeHτ&i m-iφpoBOH τexHHKH» [State Standard "Schematic graphic designations for diagrams. Digital technique elements" (in Russian)] and in FOCT 2.709-89 «O6o3HaHeHHJi yαπoBHbie πpoBO^OB H κoHτaκτHBix COe1HHHeHHH 3JieκτpH4ecκHX 3JTeMeHTOB, oβopyAOBaHMfl H yqa- CTKOB u,eneii B 3JieκτpHHecκHx cxeMax» [State Standard "Schematic designa¬ tions of wires and contact couplings of electric elements, equipment and cir¬ cuit sections in electric diagrams" (in Russian)]. The employed elements and microcircuits (element base) depicted in drawings in accordance with the normative designation system are standard products and are employed in ac- cordance with the published catalogues. Particularly, as the microprocessor 1 are preferably used the serially produced microcircuits, namely, the one-chip microcontrollers of the type PIC12C5, PICl 2C6 according to the catalogue «HHφopMai],HθHHbiH κaτajior» ["Information catalogue" (in Russian)], Sanlct- Petersburg, GAMMA, 2002. The microcircuits of the type Amtel and other could be used, too.
The circuit 5 for matching and protecting communication lines com¬ prises suppressors which number is equal to the number of communication lines, stabilizer diodes which number is equal to the number of communica¬ tion lines, and diodes which number is equal to the double number of com- mυnication lines, the input and output of each second one of the diodes are connected, respectively, to the neutral wire and to one of communication lines, the input and output of each one of other diodes are connected, respec¬ tively, to one of communication lines and to the second DC voltage converter
12, the input and output of each of suppressors and stabilizer diodes are con- nected, respectively, to the neutral wire and to one of communication lines which are connected through the resistors to the third DC voltage converter
13, the resistors being included in communication lines between the positions of connection of suppressors and stabilizer diodes. The circuit 6 for matching with signaling elements comprises transis¬ tors which number is greater by one than the number of signaling lines, and suppressors which number is equal to the number of signaling lines, the input and output of each of suppressors are connected, respectively, to the neutral wire and to one of transistors coupled through one resistor to the second DC voltage converter 12 and through another resistor to the microprocessor 1 .
The circuit 4 for controlling power relays comprises, connected to the second DC voltage converter 12, transistors and power relays which numbers are equal to the number of actuators (not shown), in which circuit are con- nected contacts of power relays which control inputs are connected through the transistors to the microprocessor 1.
The line amplifier 7 comprises a suppressor and diode connected in se¬ rial opposing and two comparators connected in opposition, the positive input of one comparator and the output of another comparator are coupled with the microprocessor 1, the negative inputs of comparators are connected to resis¬ tors, one of which is connected to the neutral wire and another resistor is con¬ nected to the second DC voltage converter 12.
The circuit 10 for controlling an external battery charging comprises two parallel diodes and control circuit which includes a serially connected self-restorable cut-out, third diode and relay having normally closed contacts, which control input is connected to the microprocessor 1 .
The power supply is provided with a circuit 15 for indicating an opera¬ tion on main power-line or on battery, which circuit 15 comprising a transis¬ tor and two light-emitting diodes of different colours, the input of one light- emitting diode is coupled with the AC/DC converter 8, and another light- emitting diode is coupled, through the diode 9, with the output of the circuit 10 for controlling an external battery charging and, through the transistor, with the AC/DC converter 8. The controller could be provided with a ventilator (not shown). Given the ventilator, the power supply includes a ventilator controlling circuit 16 connected to the AC/DC converter 8 and to the second and third DC voltage converters 12, 13 and consisting of serially connected thermal relay, compara- tor and transistor.
The DC voltage converter 11 comprises a voltage stabilizer being con¬ trolled, and the AC/DC converter 8 comprises a rectifier bridge and is dis¬ posed on a radiator (not shown) additionally mounted with capability of forced air cooling by the ventilator, the first DC voltage converter 1 1 com- prising two diodes connected at the voltage stabilizer in parallel each other and in opposition to the parallel diodes of the circuit 10 for controlling an ex¬ ternal battery charging, and comprising two cut-outs connected to outputs of diodes, and the second DC voltage converter 12 comprising a diode at the output of the voltage stabilizer, the first, second and third DC voltage con- verters 11, 12, 13 having their output voltages 13.6 V, 12 v and 5 V, respec¬ tively.
The module 14 for broadening controller functions is made removable, having additional communication, controlling and signaling lines and com¬ prises a serially connected multiplexer 17, two triggers, and two relays con- nected to the additional signaling lines, and also a voltage stabilizer coupled with the second DC voltage converter 12, and stabilizer diodes which number is equal to the number of additional communication lines connected to inputs of the multiplexer which outputs are connected to the microprocessor 1 , wherein the input and output of each of stabilizer diodes are connected, re- spectively, to the neutral wire and to one of communication lines which are connected through resistors with the third DC voltage converter 13.
The controller components (circuit 5 for matching and protecting sig¬ naling lines, circuit 4 for controlling power relays, circuit 6 for matching with signaling elements, circuit 10 for controlling an external battery charging, and circuit 15 for indicating an operation on main power-line or on battery), pre¬ sented in the block diagram at the level of functional generalization, relate to digital finite-state machines for which are known the techniques of structure synthesis according to the function content description (data about functions, set forth in the description), i.e., they could be synthesized using known rules and techniques by which an automatic device could be produced according to the requirements being made to this device.
Diagrams in Fig. 2 to 8 are depicted as preferable synthesis examples, but not excluding other implementation.
As warning devices (not shown in drawings) could be employed, for example, a reader (from a card, key, etc.), a guard surface (window) warning device, guard magnet-contact warning devices, acoustic warning devices, movement sensors, level sensors, pressure sensors, liquid consumption sen- sors, sensors of other physical parameters, sealed-contact reed relays, thermal (fire-alarm) warning devices, smoke (fire-alarm) warning devices, combined fire-alarm and other warning devices/ all warning devices are connected to the address bus and input/output of the microprocessor 1 through the address mi- crocircuit modules 18. The controller could be used, for example, in security and fire alarm or fire-fighting systems, access monitoring and control systems (turnstiles, gates, latches, turnpikes, doors), engineer equipment monitoring and control systems (air conditioning and ventilation, water supply, electric-power supply with re¬ gard to the water and/or electric power consumption), light control systems, and also in many other systems including the combined ones. The controller operates as follows.
Upon applying power from the AC power network, the first DC voltage converter 11 produces the direct current with the voltage of 13.6 V, which DC is applied, through a diode, for charging the external stand-by battery (having capacity up to 7 A/hour), and, through another diode, for supplying controller circuits including the microprocessor 1. In the case of sharp growth of current consumption by the battery, the self-restorable cut-out and relay operate, the relay contacts open, and battery charging cease. After 30 seconds the micro¬ processor 1 gives a command to close the relay. Thus, the circuit 10 for con¬ trolling an external battery charging ensures device performance while charg¬ ing a battery and excludes a possibility of failures in controller operation. In the absence of power from the power network, the stand-by supply of the de- vice is carried out from the battery. The circuit 15 for indicating an operation on main power-line or on battery indicates on what manner is carried out the controller supply, by lighting one of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) of different colours, of which the green LED shines when operating on main power-line, and the red LED shines when operating on battery. The first, second, and third DC voltage converters 1 1 , 12, 13 produces their output voltages in accordance with adjustment of their voltage stabiliz¬ ers: 13.6 V, 12 V, 5 V, respectively. The voltage stabilizer of the first DC voltage converter 1 1 is made controlled. The ventilator is turned on/off in ac¬ cordance with the operation of the thermal relay disposed on the radiator, ex- trading heat from the rectifier and converters 11 to 13, and thus ensuring a possibility of failure-free operation.
In watching mode of the controller, with the voltage in the system, the microprocessor 1 produces a periodic interrogation of all sensors (warning devices). Sensors inform an object state. Address microcircuit modules moni- tor a state of sensors (warning devices) and transmit this information to the controller in the form of notification through the circuit 5 for matching com¬ munication lines. The transmission of notifications is usually carried out in the digital form. At a moment of action accomplishment, for example, applying a key to a certain reader (warning device), a signal is formed at the output of the cir¬ cuit 5 for matching and protecting communication lines. The circuit 5 for matching and protecting communication lines provides an information ex- change with the microprocessor 1 over input/output channels (logical inputs). In so doing, the resistors do not permit a generation of noise from switching and limit a current in communication lines. Suppressors (Schottky diodes) having internal voltage drop lesser than the diodes, limit static positive and negative deviations of voltages above 12 V. The stabilizer diodes limit static positive deviations of voltages above 5 V. The diodes limit pulse positive de¬ viations of voltages above 12 V, transmitting the excessive energy to the power network. As a result, the microprocessor 1 receives voltage normalized (5 V) signals over communication lines regardless of presence and duration of noise, and the controller as a whole can receive both the weakest useful sig- nals against background of strong interferences simultaneously acting over the whole range or at least one high-powered interference, and very strong signals without any overload and distortions. At the same time, the controller transmits voltage normalized (5 V) signals over communication lines.
Thus, at inputs of the microprocessor 1, acting as logical inputs, there is excluded a receipt of false signals and ensured a passage of normalized valid signals. By this, there is ensured a possibility of interaction with warning de¬ vices (sensors) of various types differing in structure implementation and monitored parameters and distributed over elongated communication lines.
The microprocessor 1 finds in the read only memory (ROM) 2 the number of key and the number of area being monitored, an access to which area is possible using this key. In accordance with the program being at its disposal and the information of the read only memory 2 and time monitoring device 3, the microprocessor 1 determines whether the person with this key the right to access that area at this time, date and month. The time monitoring device 3 allows for the microprocessor 1 to determine the time admissibility of various signals based on the received data being compared with the data stored in the ROM 2 about the fixed working time during a day and about cal- endar rest-days, vacations, etc.
Tn the case, when the data stored in the read only memory 2 and in the program of the microprocessor 1 indicate a rightful access, the microproces¬ sor 1, through the circuit 6 for matching with signaling elements, sends sig¬ nals for operating signal devices. The circuit 6 ensures the permissible signal- ing (warning), i.e., a corresponding acoustic signal and a lighting of permissi¬ ble transparent or blinking of the green LED. In this way, the circuit 6 ensures a matching of power being transmitted over signaling lines with a consumed power of signaling means owing to the conversion of signals (5 V in voltage) of the microprocessor 1 into output signals of transistors (12 V in voltage) and suppression in these lines, if necessary, an interference owing to operation of suppressors that limit static positive and negative deviations of voltages above 12 V.
Moreover, the microprocessor 1, through the circuit 4 for controlling power relays using actuators, performs operations for unlocking a door, and/or releasing a passage through a turnstile, and/or opening a gate, and/or switching on fire-fighting equipment, and/or switching on/off a ventilator or air-conditioner, etc. The circuit 4 for controlling power relays ensures an op¬ eration of relays, and thus a switching of actuators. For this purpose, signals (5 V in voltage) of the microprocessor 1 in controlling lines are converted into signals (12 V in voltage) at control inputs of power relays which could, in their turn, close actuator power circuits having voltage of 220 V, 380 V, and others. In the case, when the data stored in the read only memory 2 and in the program of the microprocessor 1 do not confirm a rightful access, the micro¬ processor 1 , through the circuit 6 for matching with signaling elements, per¬ forms an alarm signaling: a sharp acoustic signal (siren), signal to a guard panel, and lighting of prohibitive transparent or blinking of the red LED.
Moreover, the microprocessor 1, through the circuit 4 for controlling power relays using actuators, performs operations for blocking a door, and/or locking a passage through a turnstile, and/or closing a gate, and/or switching on fire-fighting equipment, and/or opening/closing a shutter, and/or switching on/off a ventilator or air-conditioner.
At the same time, a registration of presence/absence of worker in a cer¬ tain area during working time, and hence, registration of actually worked time could be carried out. Additionally, in the case of presence of worker in certain areas, it is possible to block/unblock supply of water, electric power (for ex- ample, lighting), details for assembling and other materials. In necessary cases it is possible a more complicated information exchange of access codes, for example, by repeated applying the same or another key or by dialing nu¬ merical (alphabetic) codes (parole) on keyboard etc.
Appearance of smoke and increase of temperature leads to forming cor- responding signals of warning devices, coming through the circuit 5 for matching and protecting communication lines to the microprocessor 1. In ac¬ cordance with the program, the microprocessor 1 through the circuit 6 for matching with signaling elements sends an alarm signaling of fire to all points, where the people have to be evacuated from, and to a guard premise as well as to an enterprise direction. At the same time, the microprocessor 1 through the circuit 4 for controlling power relays actuates fire-fighting de¬ vices: mechanisms for supplying water, foam, fire-extinguishing powders, etc., as well as isolates the burning premises from other premises by means of blocking or closing doors and windows, switching off lift and other means. In the same way could be processed the signal of a pressure sensor indicating a pressure drop lower than the permissible level, which indicates on a break of pipeline or reservoir. Breaking an integrity of doors, door locks, window glazing, etc. results also in forming corresponding signals of warning devices, coming through the circuit 5 for matching and protecting communication lines to the microproces¬ sor 1. In accordance with the program, the microprocessor 1 through the cir¬ cuit 6 for matching with signaling elements sends an alarm signaling on tres- passer penetration to the guard premise as well as to enterprise direction. At the same time, the microprocessor 1 , through the circuit 6 for controlling power relays closing actuators circuits, actuates security devices: lowers guard bars, closes a gate, supplies voltage onto barbed-wire entanglement, turns off a lighting and a water supply, locks safes, etc., as well as isolates the premise, in which the trespasser has come, from other premises by means of blocking or closing doors and windows and switching off lift.
The line amplifier 7 in a ramified system performs communication with operator's computer and also with other controllers serving separate groups of warning devices and actuators. The resistors connected to the negative inputs of comparators carry out the functions of voltage dividers and ensure a form¬ ing of stepped, voltage normalized signals at the outputs of comparators re¬ gardless of form of input signal at the positive inputs. Thus, in the case of cor¬ responding programming the microprocessors 1 of a group of controllers, it is possible to operate actuators or signaling means associated with one controller upon operating a warning device (sensor) associated with another controller.
The module 14 for broadening controller function, when it is present, can receive notifications over additional communication lines, form (amplify, normalize) a signal for actuating a relay in circuits of additional actuators. For this purpose, the module 14 for broadening controller functions could partly combine functions of one or more circuits: circuit 5 for matching and protect¬ ing communication lines, circuit 4 for controlling power relays, circuit 6 for matching with signaling elements. In the case of using the module 14 for broadening controller functions, the processing of signals coming over addi¬ tional communication lines is carried out similar to the aforementioned.
Thus, a general-purpose effective controller having a broadened func¬ tionality is provided, which controller ensures receiving and processing sig¬ nals of warning devices (sensors) of several kinds, as well as a store of ad- dress microcircuit modules is broadened.
In so doing: the functionality is broadened for: interacting with warning devices (sensors) of various types differing in structure implementation and monitored parameters, and also for controlling various kinds of actuators and signaling elements; the reliability of electric-power supply is increased; and also is increased the reliability and operation accuracy in static and pulse in¬ terference condition.
Information sources: 1. RU 35898 Ul , 10.02.2004. 2. RU 2032214 Cl, 1995 (prior art).

Claims

Claims
1. A controller comprising a printed circuit board with a microproces¬ sor mounted thereon and, coupled with the microprocessor, a power supply, read only memory, time monitoring device and circuit for controlling power relays, as well as communication lines connected to input/output channels of the microprocessor, and controlling and signaling lines, characterized in that the controller is provided with a circuit for matching and protecting commu¬ nication lines, circuit for matching with signaling elements, and line ampli¬ fier, all being connected to the microprocessor, the time monitoring device is made in the form of device for monitoring real time and date and is con¬ nected, along with the read only memory, to the microprocessor and circuit for matching and protecting communication lines, and the power supply is made in the form of alternating current / direct current (AC/DC) converter, diode, circuit for controlling an external battery charging, and three direct cur- rent (DC) voltage converters, which first and second DC voltage converters are connected to the output of the AC/DC converter, and which third DC volt¬ age converter is connected to the microprocessor, read only memory, device for monitoring real time and date, and circuit for matching and protecting communication lines, the microprocessor being coupled with the circuit for controlling an external battery charging, to which input is connected the first DC voltage converter and which output is connected through the diode to the second and third DC voltage converters, line amplifier, circuit for matching with signaling elements, and circuit for controlling power relays.
2. The controller according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the circuit for matching and protecting communication lines comprises suppressors which number is equal to the number of communication lines, stabilizer di¬ odes which number is equal to the number of communication lines, and di¬ odes which number is equal to the double number of communication lines, the input and output of each second one of the diodes are connected, respectively, to the neutral wire and to one of communication lines, the input and output of each one of other diodes are connected, respectively, to one of communica¬ tion lines and to the second DC voltage converter, the input and output of each of suppressors and stabilizer diodes are connected, respectively, to the neutral wire and to one of communication lines which are connected through the resistors to the third DC voltage converter, the resistors being included in communication lines between the positions of connection of suppressors and stabilizer diodes.
3. The controller according to any of Claim 1, 2, characterized in that the circuit for matching with signaling elements comprises transistors which number is greater by one than the number of signaling lines, and suppressors which number is equal to the number of signaling lines, the input and output of each of suppressors are connected, respectively, to the neutral wire and to one of transistors coupled through one resistor to the second DC voltage con¬ verter and through another resistor to the microprocessor.
4. The controller according to any of Claim 1 , 2, characterized in that the circuit for controlling power relays comprises, connected to the second DC voltage converter, transistors and power relays which numbers are equal to the number of actuators, in which circuit are included the contacts of power relays which control inputs are connected through the transistors to the mi¬ croprocessor.
5. The controller according to any of Claim 1 , 2, characterized in that the line amplifier comprises a suppressor and diode connected in serial oppos- ing and two comparators connected in opposition, the positive input of one comparator and the output of another comparator are coupled with the micro¬ processor, the negative inputs of comparators are connected to resistors, one of which is connected to the neutral wire and another resistor is connected to the second DC voltage converter.
6. The controller according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the circuit for controlling an external battery charging comprises two parallel diodes and control circuit which includes a serially connected self-restorable cut-out, third diode and relay having normally closed contacts, which control input is connected to the microprocessor.
7. The controller according to any of Claim 1, 2, characterized in that the power supply is provided with a circuit for indicating an operation on main power-line or on battery, which circuit comprising a transistor and two light-emitting diodes, the input of one light-emitting diode is coupled with the AC/DC converter, and another light-emitting diode is coupled, through the diode of power supply, with the output of the circuit for controlling an exter¬ nal battery charging and, through the transistor, with the AC/DC converter.
8. The controller according to any of Claim 1, 2, characterized in that the controller is provided with a ventilator, each DC voltage converter com¬ prises a voltage stabilizer, and the AC/DC converter comprises a rectifier bridge and is disposed on a radiator additionally mounted with capability of forced air cooling by the ventilator, the first DC voltage converter comprising two diodes connected at the voltage stabilizer in parallel each other and in op¬ position to the parallel diodes of the circuit for controlling an external battery charging, and comprising two cut-outs connected to outputs of diodes, and the second DC voltage converter comprising a diode at the output of the voltage stabilizer, the first, second and third DC voltage converters having their out- put voltage 13.6 V, 12 v and 5 V, respectively.
9. The controller according to any of Claim 1 , 2, characterized in that the controller is provided with a ventilator, and the power supply is provided with a ventilator controlling circuit connected to the AC/DC converter and to the second and third DC voltage converters and consisting of serially con¬ nected thermal relay, comparator and transistor.
10. A controller comprising a printed circuit board with a microproces¬ sor mounted thereon and, coupled with the microprocessor, a power supply, read only memory, time monitoring device and circuit for controlling power relays, as well as communication lines connected to input/output channels of the microprocessor, and controlling and signaling lines, characterized in that the controller is provided with a circuit for matching and protecting commu¬ nication lines and circuit for matching with signaling elements, line amplifier and module for broadening controller functions, all being connected to the microprocessor, the time monitoring device is made in the form of device for monitoring real time and date and is connected, along with the read only memory, to the microprocessor, and the power supply is made in the form of alternating current / direct current (AC/DC) converter, diode, circuit for con- trolling an external battery charging, and three direct current (DC) voltage converters, which first and second DC voltage converters are connected to the output of the AC/DC converter, and which third DC voltage converter is con¬ nected to the microprocessor, read only memory, device for monitoring real time and date, and circuit for matching and protecting communication lines, the microprocessor being coupled with the circuit for controlling an external battery charging, to which input is connected the first DC voltage converter, and which output is connected through the diode to the second and third DC voltage converters, line amplifier, circuit for matching with signaling ele¬ ments, circuit for controlling power relays, and the module for broadening controller functions.
1 1. The controller according to Claim 10, characterized in that the module for broadening controller functions is made removable, having addi¬ tional communication, controlling and signaling lines and comprises a serially connected multiplexer, two triggers, and two relays connected to the addi¬ tional signaling lines, and also a voltage stabilizer coupled with the second DC voltage converter, and stabilizer diodes which number is equal to the number of additional communication lines connected to inputs of the multi- plexer which outputs are connected to the microprocessor, wherein the input and output of each of stabilizer diodes are connected, respectively, to the neu¬ tral wire and to one of communication lines which are connected through re¬ sistors with the third DC voltage converter.
12. The controller according to any of Claim 10, 1 1, characterized in that the circuit for matching and protecting communication lines comprises suppressors which number is equal to the number of communication lines of the controller, stabilizer diodes which number is equal to the number of com¬ munication lines, and diodes which number is equal to the double number of communication lines, the input and output of each second of the diodes are connected, respectively, to the neutral wire and to one of communication lines, the input and output of each of other diodes are connected, respectively, to one of communication lines and to the second DC voltage converter, the input and output of each of suppressors and stabilizer diodes are connected, respectively, to the neutral wire and to one of communication lines which are connected through the resistors to the third DC voltage converter, the resistors being included in communication lines between the positions of connection of suppressors and stabilizer diodes.
PCT/RU2004/000466 2004-07-08 2004-11-26 Controller WO2006022571A1 (en)

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CN107272431A (en) * 2017-07-19 2017-10-20 深圳源广安智能科技有限公司 A kind of smart home Electrical Safety monitoring system
RU208023U1 (en) * 2021-06-07 2021-11-30 Акционерная Компания "АЛРОСА" (публичное акционерное общество) (АК "АЛРОСА" (ПАО)) TOURSIST CONTROLLER

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