WO2005124128A1 - Method and device for regulating the air/fuel ratio fed to an internal combustion engine according to the average level in the oxygen reservoir of an exhaust catalytic converter - Google Patents
Method and device for regulating the air/fuel ratio fed to an internal combustion engine according to the average level in the oxygen reservoir of an exhaust catalytic converter Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005124128A1 WO2005124128A1 PCT/EP2005/003691 EP2005003691W WO2005124128A1 WO 2005124128 A1 WO2005124128 A1 WO 2005124128A1 EP 2005003691 W EP2005003691 W EP 2005003691W WO 2005124128 A1 WO2005124128 A1 WO 2005124128A1
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- exhaust gas
- catalytic converter
- oxygen
- gas catalytic
- fuel ratio
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
- F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F02D41/0295—Control according to the amount of oxygen that is stored on the exhaust gas treating apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/08—Exhaust gas treatment apparatus parameters
- F02D2200/0814—Oxygen storage amount
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and a device for regulating the air / fuel ratio supplied to an internal combustion engine as a function of the average degree of filling of the oxygen reservoir of an exhaust gas catalytic converter arranged in the exhaust line of the internal combustion engine.
- lambda sensors are known from the prior art for regulating the air / fuel ratio supplied to an internal combustion engine.
- the solid electrolyte normally used for binary lambda sensors consists of a ZrO ceramic, which generates an electrical voltage at higher temperatures. This results in a galvanic voltage characteristic of the air / fuel ratio at the connections of the lambda sensor. Since the gradient of this voltage varies the most at an air / fuel ratio of 1, lambda probes are particularly suitable for monitoring an air / fuel ratio of 1.
- the average filling level of the oxygen reservoir is a highly meaningful quantity, so that the control of the air / fuel ratio supplied to the internal combustion engine should expediently take place as a function of the oxygen loading of the exhaust gas catalytic converter.
- DE 42 35 225 A1 describes a sensor arrangement for monitoring the conversion rate of an exhaust gas catalytic converter.
- This sensor device works with two pairs, each consisting of an infrared radiator and an infrared sensor diametrically opposite with respect to the exhaust gas flow, one pair being arranged on the input side and the other pair on the output side of the exhaust gas catalytic converter. A comparison of the infrared spectra recorded by the two pairs gives the reduction in the gases CO, CO 2 and NO x of the exhaust gas mixture which form the pollutant component and thus the conversion rate of the catalytic converter.
- stationary devices for exhaust gas analysis of motor vehicles which are used to carry out the legally prescribed exhaust gas tests. These devices are basically able to determine the concentration of oxygen O 2 in the exhaust gas, based on their size, their weight and that of them required supply voltage but are not used within a motor vehicle.
- an object of the present invention to provide an improved method and an improved device for regulating the air / fuel ratio supplied to an internal combustion engine as a function of the average filling level of the oxygen reservoir of an exhaust gas catalytic converter arranged in the exhaust line of the internal combustion engine.
- the object is achieved by regulating the air / fuel ratio using at least one oxygen loading sensor arranged in the exhaust gas catalytic converter, which directly determines the oxygen loading of the exhaust gas catalytic converter and derives the average degree of filling of the oxygen reservoir therefrom.
- the oxygen load it can be ensured, for example, that the exhaust gas catalytic converter is kept at around 50% of the average relative degree of filling of its oxygen store, in order to always be able to optimally convert the exhaust gas emissions NO x and HC that occur, the remaining activity of the oxygen store or the aging of the catalytic converter is taken into account.
- a further advantage of the method according to the invention is that the oxygen loading sensor for determining the oxygen loading can in principle also dispense with the lambda probe which is usually arranged downstream of the exhaust gas catalytic converter.
- the average degree of filling of the oxygen reservoir derived from the measurement signal of the oxygen loading sensor is expediently compared with a Compare the given target value and the comparison or difference value obtained from the comparison is used to control the air / fuel ratio supplied to the internal combustion engine, so that the average degree of filling of the oxygen reservoir is adjusted to the predetermined target value.
- the regulation of the air / fuel ratio can additionally take place as a function of the signal of a lambda probe connected downstream of the exhaust gas catalytic converter in order to enable a differentiated regulation of the air / fuel ratio, the weighting of the oxygen loading of the exhaust gas catalytic converter should be greater than the weighting of the lambda sensor signal.
- the oxygen loading sensor advantageously determines the oxygen loading of the exhaust gas catalytic converter inductively, capacitively, resistively, amperometrically, electrochemically, (infrared) spectrometrically and / or chromatographically.
- These determination methods can be used for the analysis of a wide variety of substances and can also be used to determine the oxygen loading of the exhaust gas catalytic converter, taking into account the general conditions specified in motor vehicles. Of course, these methods can also be combined with one another.
- suitable exhaust gas catalysts for binding oxygen include cerium or cerium oxides for the present invention, for example, the oxygen loading of the exhaust gas catalyst could be detected thereby be that the oxygen load sensor the chemical binding reaction
- the above object is achieved by providing at least one oxygen loading sensor arranged in the exhaust gas catalytic converter for regulating the air / fuel ratio, by means of which the oxygen loading of the exhaust gas catalytic converter can be determined and the average degree of filling of the oxygen storage device can be derived therefrom.
- the at least one oxygen loading sensor arranged in the exhaust gas catalytic converter is advantageously positioned at a representative installation position in the exhaust gas catalytic converter or centrally in the oxygen store of the exhaust gas catalytic converter. Positioning in the exhaust gas catalytic converter not only enables the average filling level of the oxygen storage device to be determined, but also the lower and the upper filling limit of the oxygen storage device to be precisely determined.
- the oxygen loading sensor works inductively, capacitively, resistively, amperometrically, electrochemically, (infrared) spectrometrically and / or chromatographically, combinations also being conceivable If the at least one oxygen loading sensor arranged in the exhaust gas catalytic converter is part of a multi-sensor device for determining other chemical elements or molecules contained in the exhaust gas, this information can optionally be used in addition to effect an additional monitoring of the conversion rate.
- Fig. 1 An inventive device for controlling the air / fuel ratio supplied to an internal combustion engine in a simplified representation
- Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the inventive method for controlling the air / fuel ratio supplied to an internal combustion engine.
- the device shown in FIG. 1 comprises an internal combustion engine 1 with an intake line 2 and an exhaust line 3.
- a regulating device 4 for the air / fuel ratio supplied to the internal combustion engine 1 is arranged within the intake line 2 and a three-way exhaust gas catalytic converter 5 is also included in the exhaust line 3 an oxygen storage 6 arranged.
- At least one oxygen loading sensor 7 can be provided in the exhaust gas catalytic converter 5.
- the average degree of filling of the oxygen reservoir 6 of the exhaust gas catalytic converter 5 is derived from the oxygen loading determined by this at least one oxygen loading sensor 7.
- the average degree of filling of the oxygen storage 6 is thereupon determined in a computing unit 8 with a predetermined target value for the filling level of the oxygen storage 6 of, for example, 50% of its current storage capacity. capacity compared.
- the control device 4 is appropriately actuated for the air / fuel ratio supplied to the internal combustion engine 1 in order to obtain an optimized exhaust gas conversion.
- a lambda probe 9 which is connected downstream of the exhaust gas catalytic converter 5, can also be provided in this device for additional control of the air / fuel ratio supplied to the internal combustion engine 1.
- the method shown in FIG. 2 for regulating the air / fuel ratio supplied to the internal combustion engine 1 initially provides a lambda control according to the prior art, so that the air / fuel ratio is 1. Proceeding from this, not only during stationary operation of internal combustion engine 1, but in particular also during non-stationary operation of internal combustion engine 1, emission-laden exhaust gas is generated and passed to the catalytic converter 5 for conversion. The oxygen loading of the exhaust gas catalytic converter 5 is detected by means of the oxygen loading sensor 7, so that the average degree of filling of the oxygen storage device 6 can be concluded.
- the degree of filling of the oxygen reservoir 6 determined in this way is compared with a target value which is optimal for the conversion, and the air / fuel ratio supplied to the internal combustion engine 1 is regulated anew via the control device 4 on the basis of the resulting difference, so that the target value predetermined for the oxygen reservoir 6 is set.
- the regulation of the air / fuel ratio can optionally also be controlled or influenced by the signal of a conventional lambda probe 9 connected downstream of the exhaust gas catalytic converter 5.
Abstract
Disclosed are a method and a device for regulating the air/fuel ratio fed to an internal combustion engine (1) in accordance with the average level in the oxygen reservoir (6) of an exhaust catalytic converter (5) which is located in the exhaust manifold (3) of said internal combustion engine (1). According to the invention, the air/fuel ratio is regulated based on at least one fuel content sensor (7) which is disposed in the exhaust catalytic converter (5), directly determines the oxygen content in the exhaust catalytic converter (5), and derives the average level of the oxygen reservoir (6) therefrom. The invention thus creates an improved method and an improved device which take into account particularly also the age of the exhaust catalytic converter based on the average level of the oxygen reservoir, therefore permanently converting the exhaust gas emissions in an optimal manner.
Description
B E S C H R E I B U N G DESCRIPTION
„Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Regelung des einer Brennkraftmaschine zugeführten Luft/Kraftstoffverhältnisses in Abhängigkeit von dem mittleren Befullungsgrad des Sauerstoffspeichers eines Abgaskatalysators""Method and device for regulating the air / fuel ratio supplied to an internal combustion engine as a function of the average degree of filling of the oxygen store of an exhaust gas catalytic converter"
Die vorliegende Er indung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Regelung des einer Brennkraftmaschine zugefϋhrten Luft/Kraftstoffverhältnisses in Abhängigkeit von dem mittleren Befullungsgrad des Sauerstoffspeichers eines im Abgasstrang der Brennkraftmaschine angeordneten Abgaskatalysators.The present invention relates to a method and a device for regulating the air / fuel ratio supplied to an internal combustion engine as a function of the average degree of filling of the oxygen reservoir of an exhaust gas catalytic converter arranged in the exhaust line of the internal combustion engine.
Aus dem Stand der Technik sind zur Regelung des einer Brennkraftmaschine zugeführten Luft/Kraftstoffverhältnisses sogenannte Lambdasonden bekannt. Der normalerweise für binäre Lambdasonden verwendete Festkörperelektrolyt besteht aus einer ZrO-Keramik, die bei höheren Temperaturen eine e- lektrische Spannung erzeugt. Somit stellt sich an den Anschlüssen der Lambdasonde eine für das Luft/Kraftstoffverhältnis charakteristische galvanische Spannung ein. Da der Gradient dieser Spannung bei einem Luft/Kraftstoffverhältnis von 1 am stärksten variiert, eignen sich Lambdasonden insbesondere zur Überwachung eines Luft/Kraftstotfverhältnisses von 1. Darüber hinaus ist die Bestimmung des Sauerstoffbeladungsgrades des Abgaskatalysators anhand des Signals der dem Abgaskatalysator nachgeschalteten Lambdasonde nicht exakt möglich.
Für die optimale Konvertierung der im Abgas enthaltenen Emissionen stellt der mittlere Befullungsgrad des Sauerstoffspeichers jedoch eine höchst aussagekräftige Größe dar, so dass die Regelung des der Brennkraftmaschine zugeführten Luft/Kraftstoffverhältnisses zweckmäßigerweise in Abhängigkeit von der Sauerstoffbeladung des Abgaskatalysators erfolgen soll.So-called lambda sensors are known from the prior art for regulating the air / fuel ratio supplied to an internal combustion engine. The solid electrolyte normally used for binary lambda sensors consists of a ZrO ceramic, which generates an electrical voltage at higher temperatures. This results in a galvanic voltage characteristic of the air / fuel ratio at the connections of the lambda sensor. Since the gradient of this voltage varies the most at an air / fuel ratio of 1, lambda probes are particularly suitable for monitoring an air / fuel ratio of 1. In addition, it is not possible to exactly determine the degree of oxygen loading of the exhaust gas catalytic converter based on the signal from the lambda probe connected downstream of the exhaust gas catalytic converter. However, for the optimal conversion of the emissions contained in the exhaust gas, the average filling level of the oxygen reservoir is a highly meaningful quantity, so that the control of the air / fuel ratio supplied to the internal combustion engine should expediently take place as a function of the oxygen loading of the exhaust gas catalytic converter.
In der Druckschrift DE 42 35 225 A1 ist eine Sensoranordnung zur Überwachung der Konvertierungsrate eines Abgaskatalysators beschrieben. Diese Sensoreinrichtung arbeitet mit zwei Paaren bestehend aus jeweils einem Infrarotstrahler und einem in Bezug auf den Abgasstrom diametral gegenüberliegenden Infrarotsensor, wobei das eine Paar an der Eingangsseite und das andere Paar an der Ausgangsseite des Abgaskatalysators angeordnet ist. Aus einem Vergleich der von den beiden Paaren aufgenommenen Infrarotspektren wird die Reduktion der den Schadstoffanteil bildenden Gase CO, CO2 und NOx des Abgasgemisches und damit die Konvertierungsrate des Katalysators erhalten.DE 42 35 225 A1 describes a sensor arrangement for monitoring the conversion rate of an exhaust gas catalytic converter. This sensor device works with two pairs, each consisting of an infrared radiator and an infrared sensor diametrically opposite with respect to the exhaust gas flow, one pair being arranged on the input side and the other pair on the output side of the exhaust gas catalytic converter. A comparison of the infrared spectra recorded by the two pairs gives the reduction in the gases CO, CO 2 and NO x of the exhaust gas mixture which form the pollutant component and thus the conversion rate of the catalytic converter.
Aus der Druckschrift DE 43 44 961 A1 ist eine Auswertevorrichtung für ein Sondensignal einer beheizten amperometrischen Sauerstoffsonde bekannt, die in der Strömung des Abgases aus einem Verbrennungsmotor angeordnet ist. Diese Sauerstoffsonde wird mit einer vorgegebenen Heizspannung betrieben, so dass ihr Innenwiderstand konstant bleibt. Dabei wird der Effekt, dass mit zunehmender Alterung der Sauerstoffsonde eine immer höhere Sondentemperatur bzw. Heizspannung erforderlich ist, mathematisch korrigiert, um bei der Angabe der im Abgas enthaltenen Sauerstoffkonzentration temperatur- und alterungsbedingte Fehler zu vermeiden.From document DE 43 44 961 A1 an evaluation device for a probe signal of a heated amperometric oxygen probe is known, which is arranged in the flow of the exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine. This oxygen probe is operated with a predetermined heating voltage so that its internal resistance remains constant. The effect that an increasingly higher probe temperature or heating voltage is required with increasing aging of the oxygen probe is corrected mathematically in order to avoid temperature and aging errors when specifying the oxygen concentration contained in the exhaust gas.
Darüber hinaus sind stationäre Einrichtungen zur Abgasanalyse von Kraftfahrzeugen bekannt, die zur Durchführung der gesetzlich vorgeschriebenen Abgasuntersuchungen verwendet werden. Diese Einrichtungen sind grundsätzlich dazu in der Lage, die Konzentration an Sauerstoff O2 im Abgas zu bestimmen, können aufgrund ihrer Größe, ihres Gewichts und der von ihnen
benötigten Versorgungsspannung aber nicht innerhalb eines Kraftfahrzeuges eingesetzt werden.In addition, stationary devices for exhaust gas analysis of motor vehicles are known, which are used to carry out the legally prescribed exhaust gas tests. These devices are basically able to determine the concentration of oxygen O 2 in the exhaust gas, based on their size, their weight and that of them required supply voltage but are not used within a motor vehicle.
Vor diesem Hintergrund ist es Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ein verbessertes Verfahren und eine verbesserte Vorrichtung zur Regelung des einer Brennkraftmaschine zugeführten Luft/Kraftstoffverhältnisses in Abhängigkeit von dem mittleren Befullungsgrad des Sauerstoffspeichers eines im Abgasstrang der Brennkraftmaschine angeordneten Abgaskatalysators bereitzustellen.Against this background, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved method and an improved device for regulating the air / fuel ratio supplied to an internal combustion engine as a function of the average filling level of the oxygen reservoir of an exhaust gas catalytic converter arranged in the exhaust line of the internal combustion engine.
Verfahrensgemäß wird die Aufgabe gelöst, indem die Regelung des Luft/Kraftstoffverhältnisses anhand wenigstens eines im Abgaskatalysator angeordneten Sauerstoffbeladungssensors erfolgt, welcher die Sauerstoffbeladung des Abgaskatalysators direkt bestimmt und daraus den mittleren Befullungsgrad des Sauerstoffspeichers ableitet. Durch die Kenntnis der Sauerstoffbeladung kann zum Beispiel gewährleistet werden, dass der Abgaskatalysator bei etwa 50 % des mittleren relativen Befüllungsgrades seines Sauerstoffspeichers gehalten wird, um stets eine optimale Konvertierung der auftretenden Abgasemissionen NOx und HC durchführen zu können, wobei die verbliebene Aktivität des Sauerstoffspeichers bzw. die Alterung des Katalysators berücksichtigt werden. Zudem kann durch die genaue Kenntnis der Sauerstoffbeladung während des instationären Betriebs der Brennkraftmaschine auch schnell auf etwaige Störgrößen wie Lastwechsel, Schub oder Schaltvorgänge reagiert werden, so dass der mittlere Befullungsgrad des Sauerstoffspeichers in kürzester Zeit wieder auf seinen optimalen Wert eingeregelt werden kann. Ein weiterer Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist, dass durch den Sauerstoffbeladungssensor zur Bestimmung der Sauerstoffbeladung grundsätzlich auch auf die üblicherweise stromab des Abgaskatalysators angeordnete Lambdasonde verzichtet werden kann.According to the method, the object is achieved by regulating the air / fuel ratio using at least one oxygen loading sensor arranged in the exhaust gas catalytic converter, which directly determines the oxygen loading of the exhaust gas catalytic converter and derives the average degree of filling of the oxygen reservoir therefrom. By knowing the oxygen load, it can be ensured, for example, that the exhaust gas catalytic converter is kept at around 50% of the average relative degree of filling of its oxygen store, in order to always be able to optimally convert the exhaust gas emissions NO x and HC that occur, the remaining activity of the oxygen store or the aging of the catalytic converter is taken into account. In addition, due to the precise knowledge of the oxygen loading during the transient operation of the internal combustion engine, it is also possible to react quickly to any disturbance variables such as load changes, thrust or switching operations, so that the average filling level of the oxygen storage device can be adjusted to its optimum value again in the shortest possible time. A further advantage of the method according to the invention is that the oxygen loading sensor for determining the oxygen loading can in principle also dispense with the lambda probe which is usually arranged downstream of the exhaust gas catalytic converter.
Zweckmäßig wird der aus dem Messsignal des Sauerstoffbeladungssensors abgeleitete mittlere Befullungsgrad des Sauerstoffspeichers mit einem vor-
gegebenen Sollwert verglichen und wird der aus dem Vergleich erhaltene Vergleichs- oder Differenzwert zur Regelung des der Brennkraftmaschine zugeführten Luft/Kraftstoffverhältnisses verwendet, so dass der mittlere Befullungsgrad des Sauerstoffspeichers auf den vorgegebenen Sollwert eingeregelt wird.The average degree of filling of the oxygen reservoir derived from the measurement signal of the oxygen loading sensor is expediently compared with a Compare the given target value and the comparison or difference value obtained from the comparison is used to control the air / fuel ratio supplied to the internal combustion engine, so that the average degree of filling of the oxygen reservoir is adjusted to the predetermined target value.
Die Regelung des Luft/Kraftstoffverhältnisses kann zusätzlich in Abhängigkeit von dem Signal einer dem Abgaskatalysator nachgeschalteten Lambdasonde erfolgen, um eine differenzierte Regelung des Luft/Kraftstoffverhältnisses zu ermöglichen, wobei die Gewichtung der Sauerstoffbeladung des Abgaskatalysators größer sein sollte als die Gewichtung des Lambdasondensig- nals.The regulation of the air / fuel ratio can additionally take place as a function of the signal of a lambda probe connected downstream of the exhaust gas catalytic converter in order to enable a differentiated regulation of the air / fuel ratio, the weighting of the oxygen loading of the exhaust gas catalytic converter should be greater than the weighting of the lambda sensor signal.
Die Regelung des Luft/Kraftstoffverhältnisses sollte ferner auch in Abhängigkeit von der Last der Brennkraftmaschine bzw. in Abhängigkeit von der den Abgasstrang durchströmenden Abgasmasse erfolgen. Denn durch die mit hohen Lasten verbundenen großen Abgasmassen verändert sich bei einer Abweichung von Lambda = 1 auch der mittlere Befullungsgrad des Sauer- stoffspeichers des Abgaskatalysators entsprechend schnell, während sich dieser bei geringen Lasten vergleichsweise langsam verändert.The regulation of the air / fuel ratio should also take place as a function of the load of the internal combustion engine or as a function of the exhaust gas mass flowing through the exhaust system. Because of the large exhaust gas masses associated with high loads, if the deviation from Lambda = 1, the average degree of filling of the oxygen storage of the exhaust gas catalytic converter changes correspondingly quickly, while this changes comparatively slowly at low loads.
Vorteilhaft bestimmt der Sauerstoffbeladungssensor die Sauerstoffbeladung des Abgaskatalysators induktiv, kapazitiv, resistiv, amperometrisch, elektrochemisch, (infrarot-) spektrometrisch und/oder chromatographisch. Diese Bestimmungsverfahren sind für die Analyse verschiedenster Stoffe anwendbar und können unter Berücksichtigung der bei Kraftfahrzeugen vorgegebenen Rahmenbedingungen auch zur Bestimmung der Sauerstoffbeladung des Abgaskatalysators verwendet werden. Selbstverständlich können diese Verfahren dabei auch miteinander kombiniert werden.The oxygen loading sensor advantageously determines the oxygen loading of the exhaust gas catalytic converter inductively, capacitively, resistively, amperometrically, electrochemically, (infrared) spectrometrically and / or chromatographically. These determination methods can be used for the analysis of a wide variety of substances and can also be used to determine the oxygen loading of the exhaust gas catalytic converter, taking into account the general conditions specified in motor vehicles. Of course, these methods can also be combined with one another.
Da für die vorliegende Erfindung geeignete Abgaskatalysatoren zur Bindung von Sauerstoff unter anderem Cerium bzw. Ceroxide aufweisen, könnte die Sauerstoffbeladung des Abgaskatalysators beispielsweise dadurch erfasst
werden, dass der Sauerstoffbeladungssensor den Ablauf der chemischen BindungsreaktionSince suitable exhaust gas catalysts for binding oxygen include cerium or cerium oxides for the present invention, for example, the oxygen loading of the exhaust gas catalyst could be detected thereby be that the oxygen load sensor the chemical binding reaction
2 Ce2O3 + O2 < > 4 CeO2 2 Ce 2 O 3 + O 2 <> 4 CeO 2
überwacht und anhand von Art und Menge der auftretenden Ceroxide auf die Sauerstoffbeladung des Abgaskatalysators schließt.monitored and concludes on the type and amount of cerium oxides occurring on the oxygen loading of the catalytic converter.
Vorrichtungsgemäß wird die vorstehende Aufgabe gelöst, indem zur Regelung des Luft/Kraftstoffverhältnisses wenigstens ein im Abgaskatalysator angeordneter Sauerstoffbeladungssensor vorgesehen ist, durch welchen die Sauerstoffbeladung des Abgaskatalysators bestimmbar ist und daraus der mittlere Befullungsgrad des Sauerstoffspeichers ableitbar ist. Denn die genaue Kenntnis der Sauerstoffbeladung des Abgaskatalysators erlaubt im Gegensatz zum Stand der Technik eine weitaus bessere Berücksichtigung der Alterung des Abgaskatalysators und somit auch eine bessere Konvertierung schädlicher Emissionen bei einem optimalen mittleren relativen Befullungsgrad des Sauerstoffspeichers des Abgaskatalysators.According to the device, the above object is achieved by providing at least one oxygen loading sensor arranged in the exhaust gas catalytic converter for regulating the air / fuel ratio, by means of which the oxygen loading of the exhaust gas catalytic converter can be determined and the average degree of filling of the oxygen storage device can be derived therefrom. This is because, in contrast to the prior art, the precise knowledge of the oxygen loading of the exhaust gas catalytic converter allows a far better consideration of the aging of the exhaust gas catalytic converter and thus also a better conversion of harmful emissions with an optimal average relative degree of filling of the oxygen storage of the exhaust gas catalytic converter.
Günstigerweise ist der wenigstens eine im Abgaskatalysator angeordnete Sauerstoffbeladungssensor an einer repräsentativen Einbaulage im Abgaskatalysator bzw. zentral im Sauerstoffspeicher des Abgaskatalysators positioniert. Durch die Positionierung im Abgaskatalysator kann nicht nur der mittlere Befullungsgrad des Sauerstoffspeichers, sondern können auch die untere sowie die obere Befüllungsgrenze des Sauerstoffspeichers präzise bestimmt werden.The at least one oxygen loading sensor arranged in the exhaust gas catalytic converter is advantageously positioned at a representative installation position in the exhaust gas catalytic converter or centrally in the oxygen store of the exhaust gas catalytic converter. Positioning in the exhaust gas catalytic converter not only enables the average filling level of the oxygen storage device to be determined, but also the lower and the upper filling limit of the oxygen storage device to be precisely determined.
Zur Bestimmung der Sauerstoffbeladung des Abgaskatalysators arbeitet der Sauerstoffbeladungssensor induktiv, kapazitiv, resistiv, amperometrisch, e- lektrochemisch, (infrarot-)spektrometrisch und/oder chromatographisch, wobei auch Kombinationen denkbar sind
Ist der wenigstens eine im Abgaskatalysator angeordnete Sauerstoffbeladungssensor Teil einer Multisensoreinrichtung zur Bestimmung anderer im Abgas enthaltener chemischer Elemente bzw. Moleküle, so kann diese Information gegebenenfalls ergänzend herangezogen werden, um eine zusätzliche Überwachung der Konvertierungsrate zu bewirken.To determine the oxygen loading of the exhaust gas catalytic converter, the oxygen loading sensor works inductively, capacitively, resistively, amperometrically, electrochemically, (infrared) spectrometrically and / or chromatographically, combinations also being conceivable If the at least one oxygen loading sensor arranged in the exhaust gas catalytic converter is part of a multi-sensor device for determining other chemical elements or molecules contained in the exhaust gas, this information can optionally be used in addition to effect an additional monitoring of the conversion rate.
Die vorliegende Erfindung wird unter Bezugnahme auf die nachfolgenden Zeichnungsfiguren näher erläutert. Es zeigen:The present invention is explained in more detail with reference to the following drawing figures. Show it:
Fig. 1 Eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur Regelung des einer Brennkraftmaschine zugeführten Luft/Kraftstoffverhältnisses in vereinfachter Darstellung; undFig. 1 An inventive device for controlling the air / fuel ratio supplied to an internal combustion engine in a simplified representation; and
Fig. 2 eine Prinzipdarstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zur Regelung des einer Brennkraftmaschine zugeführten Luft/Kraftstoffverhältnisses.Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the inventive method for controlling the air / fuel ratio supplied to an internal combustion engine.
Die in Fig. 1 gezeigte Vorrichtung umfasst eine Brennkraftmaschine 1 mit einem Ansaugstrang 2 und einem Abgasstrang 3. Innerhalb des Ansaugstrangs 2 ist eine Regelungseinrichtung 4 für das der Brennkraftmaschine 1 zugeführte Luft/Kraftstoffverhältnis angeordnet und innerhalb des Abgasstrangs 3 ist ein Dreiwege-Abgaskatalysator 5 mit einem Sauerstoffspeicher 6 angeordnet.The device shown in FIG. 1 comprises an internal combustion engine 1 with an intake line 2 and an exhaust line 3. A regulating device 4 for the air / fuel ratio supplied to the internal combustion engine 1 is arranged within the intake line 2 and a three-way exhaust gas catalytic converter 5 is also included in the exhaust line 3 an oxygen storage 6 arranged.
Zur direkten Bestimmung der Sauerstoffbeladung des Abgaskatalysators 5 kann wenigstens ein Sauerstoff beladungssensor 7 im Abgaskatalysator 5 vorgesehen sein. Aus der von diesem wenigstens einen Sauerstoffbeladungssensor 7 ermittelten Sauerstoffbeladung wird der mittlere Befullungsgrad des Sauerstoffspeichers 6 des Abgaskatalysators 5 abgeleitet. Der mittlere Befullungsgrad des Sauerstoffspeichers 6 wird daraufhin in einer Recheneinheit 8 mit einem vorgegebenen Sollwert für den Befullungsgrad des Sauerstoffspeichers 6 von beispielsweise 50 % seiner aktuellen Speicherka-
pazität verglichen. Und anhand des von der Recheneinheit 8 ausgegebenen Vergleichs- bzw. Differenzwertes erfolgt schließlich eine entsprechende An- steuerung der Regelungseinrichtung 4 für das der Brennkraftmaschine 1 zugeführte Luft/Kraftstoffverhältnis, um eine optimierte Abgaskonvertierung zu erhalten.For direct determination of the oxygen loading of the exhaust gas catalytic converter 5, at least one oxygen loading sensor 7 can be provided in the exhaust gas catalytic converter 5. The average degree of filling of the oxygen reservoir 6 of the exhaust gas catalytic converter 5 is derived from the oxygen loading determined by this at least one oxygen loading sensor 7. The average degree of filling of the oxygen storage 6 is thereupon determined in a computing unit 8 with a predetermined target value for the filling level of the oxygen storage 6 of, for example, 50% of its current storage capacity. capacity compared. And finally, on the basis of the comparison or difference value output by the computing unit 8, the control device 4 is appropriately actuated for the air / fuel ratio supplied to the internal combustion engine 1 in order to obtain an optimized exhaust gas conversion.
Gegebenenfalls kann bei dieser Vorrichtung außerdem noch eine dem Abgaskatalysator 5 nachgeschaltete Lambdasonde 9 zur ergänzenden Regelung des der Brennkraftmaschine 1 zugeführten Luft/Kraftstoffverhältnisses vorgesehen sein.If necessary, a lambda probe 9, which is connected downstream of the exhaust gas catalytic converter 5, can also be provided in this device for additional control of the air / fuel ratio supplied to the internal combustion engine 1.
Das in Fig. 2 gezeigte Verfahren zur Regelung des der Brennkraftmaschine 1 zugeführten Luft/Kraftstoffverhältnisses sieht zunächst gemäß dem Stand der Technik eine Lambdaregelung vor, so dass das Luft/Kraftstoffverhältnis bei 1 liegt. Ausgehend hiervon wird nicht nur beim stationären Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine 1 , sondern wird insbesondere auch beim instationären Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine 1 emissionsbehaftetes Abgas erzeugt und zur Konvertierung in den Abgaskatalysator 5 geleitet. Die Sauerstoffbeladung des Abgaskatalysators 5 wird mittels des Sauerstoffbeladungssensors 7 erfasst, so dass auf den mittleren Befullungsgrad des Sauerstoffspeichers 6 geschlossen werden kann. Der so ermittelte Befullungsgrad des Sauerstoffspeichers 6 wird mit einem für die Konvertierung optimalen Sollwert verglichen und anhand der daraus resultierenden Differenz wird das der Brennkraftmaschine 1 zugeführte Luft/Kraftstoffverhältnis über die Regelungseinrichtung 4 neu geregelt, so dass sich der für den Sauerstoffspeicher 6 vorgegebene Sollwert einstellt.The method shown in FIG. 2 for regulating the air / fuel ratio supplied to the internal combustion engine 1 initially provides a lambda control according to the prior art, so that the air / fuel ratio is 1. Proceeding from this, not only during stationary operation of internal combustion engine 1, but in particular also during non-stationary operation of internal combustion engine 1, emission-laden exhaust gas is generated and passed to the catalytic converter 5 for conversion. The oxygen loading of the exhaust gas catalytic converter 5 is detected by means of the oxygen loading sensor 7, so that the average degree of filling of the oxygen storage device 6 can be concluded. The degree of filling of the oxygen reservoir 6 determined in this way is compared with a target value which is optimal for the conversion, and the air / fuel ratio supplied to the internal combustion engine 1 is regulated anew via the control device 4 on the basis of the resulting difference, so that the target value predetermined for the oxygen reservoir 6 is set.
Wie in Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 durch die gestrichenen Linien angedeutet, kann die Regelung des Luft/Kraftstoffverhältnisses gegebenenfalls noch zusätzlich durch das Signal einer dem Abgaskatalysator 5 nachgeschalteten konventionellen Lambdasonde 9 kontrolliert bzw. beeinflusst werden.
Liste der Bezugszeichen:As indicated in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 by the dashed lines, the regulation of the air / fuel ratio can optionally also be controlled or influenced by the signal of a conventional lambda probe 9 connected downstream of the exhaust gas catalytic converter 5. List of reference numerals:
1 Brennkraftmaschine1 internal combustion engine
2 Ansaugstrang2 intake line
3 Abgasstrang Regelungseinrichtung3 Exhaust line control device
5 Abgaskatalysator5 catalytic converter
6 Sauerstoffspeicher6 oxygen stores
7 Sauerstoffbeladungssensor Recheneinheit Lambdasonde
7 Oxygen loading sensor processing unit lambda probe
Claims
1. Verfahren zur Regelung des einer Brennkraftmaschine zugeführten Luft/Kraftstoffverhältnisses in Abhängigkeit von dem mittleren Befullungsgrad des Sauerstoffspeichers eines im Abgasstrang der Brennkraftmaschine angeordneten Abgaskatalysators, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Regelung des Luft/Kraftstoffverhältnisses anhand wenigstens eines im Abgaskatalysator (5) angeordneten Sauerstoffbeladungssensors (7) erfolgt, welcher die Sauerstoffbeladung des Abgaskatalysators (5) direkt bestimmt und daraus den mittleren Befullungsgrad des Sauerstoffspeichers (6) ableitet.1. A method for regulating the air / fuel ratio supplied to an internal combustion engine as a function of the average degree of filling of the oxygen reservoir of an exhaust gas catalytic converter arranged in the exhaust line of the internal combustion engine, characterized in that the control of the air / fuel ratio is based on at least one oxygen loading sensor (7) arranged in the exhaust gas catalytic converter (5) ), which directly determines the oxygen loading of the exhaust gas catalytic converter (5) and derives the average degree of filling of the oxygen store (6).
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass aus dem Messsignal des Sauerstoffbeladungssensors (7) abgeleitete mittlere Befullungsgrad des Sauerstoffspeichers (6) mit einem vorgegebenen Sollwert verglichen wird und der aus diesem Vergleich erhaltene Vergleichs- bzw. Differenzwert zur Regelung des Luft/Kraftstoffverhältnisses verwendet wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the average filling level of the oxygen reservoir (6) derived from the measurement signal of the oxygen loading sensor (7) is compared with a predetermined target value and the comparison or difference value obtained from this comparison for regulating the air / fuel ratio is used.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Regelung des Luft/Kraftstoffverhältnisses in Abhängigkeit von dem Signal einer dem Abgaskatalysator (5) nachgeschalteten Lambdasonde (8) erfolgt. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the regulation of the air / fuel ratio takes place in dependence on the signal of a lambda probe (8) connected downstream of the exhaust gas catalytic converter (5).
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Regelung des Luft/Kraftstoffverhältnisses zudem in Abhängigkeit von der Last der Brennkraftmaschine (1) bzw. in Abhängigkeit von der den Abgasstrang (3) durchströmenden Abgasmasse erfolgt.4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the regulation of the air / fuel ratio also takes place as a function of the load of the internal combustion engine (1) or as a function of the exhaust gas mass flowing through the exhaust line (3).
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sauerstoffbeladungssensor (7) die Sauerstoffbeladung des Abgaskatalysators (5) induktiv, kapazitiv, resistiv, amperometrisch, e- lektrochemisch, spektrometrisch und/oder chromatographisch bestimmt.5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the oxygen loading sensor (7) determines the oxygen loading of the exhaust gas catalytic converter (5) inductively, capacitively, resistively, amperometrically, electrochemically, spectrometrically and / or chromatographically.
6. Vorrichtung zur Regelung des einer Brennkraftmaschine zugeführten Luft/Kraftstoffverhältnisses in Abhängigkeit von dem mittleren Befullungsgrad des Sauerstoffspeichers eines im Abgasstrang der Brennkraftmaschine angeordneten Abgaskatalysators, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Regelung des Luft/Kraftstoffverhältnisses wenigstens ein im Abgaskatalysator (5) angeordneter Sauerstoffbeladungssensor (7) vorgesehen ist, durch welchen die Sauerstoffbeladung des Abgaskatalysators (5) bestimmbar ist und daraus der mittlere Befullungsgrad des Sauerstoffspeichers (6) ableitbar ist.6. Device for regulating the air / fuel ratio supplied to an internal combustion engine as a function of the average degree of filling of the oxygen reservoir of an exhaust gas catalytic converter arranged in the exhaust line of the internal combustion engine, characterized in that for regulating the air / fuel ratio at least one oxygen loading sensor (7) arranged in the exhaust gas catalytic converter (5) It is provided, by means of which the oxygen loading of the exhaust gas catalytic converter (5) can be determined and from which the average degree of filling of the oxygen store (6) can be derived.
7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der wenigstens eine im Abgaskatalysator (5) angeordnete Sauerstoffbeladungssensor (7) an einer repräsentativen Einbaulage im Abgaskatalysator (5) positioniert ist.7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the at least one in the exhaust gas catalytic converter (5) arranged oxygen loading sensor (7) is positioned at a representative installation position in the exhaust gas catalytic converter (5).
8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der wenigstens eine im Abgaskatalysator (5) angeordnete Sauerstoffbela- dungssensor (7) zentral im Sauerstoffspeicher (6) des Abgaskatalysators (5) positioniert ist.8. The device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the at least one in the exhaust gas catalytic converter (5) arranged oxygen loading tion sensor (7) is positioned centrally in the oxygen store (6) of the exhaust gas catalytic converter (5).
9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sauerstoff beladungssensor (7) zur Bestimmung der Sauerstoffbeladung des Abgaskatalysators (5) induktiv, kapazitiv, resistiv, amperometrisch, elektrochemisch, spektrometrisch und/oder chromatographisch arbeitet.9. Device according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the oxygen loading sensor (7) for determining the oxygen loading of the exhaust gas catalytic converter (5) works inductively, capacitively, resistively, amperometrically, electrochemically, spectrometrically and / or chromatographically.
10. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der wenigstens eine im Abgaskatalysator (5) angeordnete Sauerstoffbeladungssensor (7) Teil einer Multisensoreinrichtung zur Bestimmung anderer im Abgas enthaltener chemischer Elemente bzw. Moleküle ist. 10. Device according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the at least one in the exhaust gas catalyst (5) arranged oxygen loading sensor (7) is part of a multi-sensor device for determining other chemical elements or molecules contained in the exhaust gas.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE200410029899 DE102004029899A1 (en) | 2004-06-19 | 2004-06-19 | Method and device for controlling the air / fuel ratio supplied to an internal combustion engine as a function of the average degree of filling of the oxygen storage of an exhaust gas catalytic converter |
| DE102004029899.8 | 2004-06-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2005124128A1 true WO2005124128A1 (en) | 2005-12-29 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2005/003691 WO2005124128A1 (en) | 2004-06-19 | 2005-04-08 | Method and device for regulating the air/fuel ratio fed to an internal combustion engine according to the average level in the oxygen reservoir of an exhaust catalytic converter |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
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| DE (1) | DE102004029899A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2005124128A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006056496B4 (en) * | 2005-12-31 | 2016-10-20 | Volkswagen Ag | Lambda control with a multi-zone catalyst model |
| DE102013009476A1 (en) | 2013-06-06 | 2014-12-11 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Gesetzen des Staates Delaware) | Method for load-dependent reduction of fuel consumption after a fuel cut |
| DE102015209820A1 (en) | 2015-05-28 | 2016-12-01 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and control device for controlling an air-fuel mixture for operating an internal combustion engine |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4235225A1 (en) | 1992-10-13 | 1994-06-09 | Iris Gmbh Infrared & Intellige | Sensor arrangement for monitoring the conversion rate of an exhaust gas catalytic converter |
| DE4344961A1 (en) | 1993-12-30 | 1995-07-06 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Evaluation device for the signal of an oxygen probe |
| US5901552A (en) * | 1996-02-23 | 1999-05-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method of adjusting the air/fuel ratio for an internal combustion engine having a catalytic converter |
| US20020152743A1 (en) * | 2000-02-16 | 2002-10-24 | Takeshi Nakamura | Engine exhaust purification device |
| EP1336728A2 (en) * | 2002-02-13 | 2003-08-20 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for regulating the air/fuel ratio of an internal combustion engine |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4128718C2 (en) * | 1991-08-29 | 2001-02-01 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Method and device for regulating the amount of fuel for an internal combustion engine with a catalyst |
| DE10108720A1 (en) * | 2001-02-23 | 2002-09-05 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Method and device for controlling an internal combustion engine |
-
2004
- 2004-06-19 DE DE200410029899 patent/DE102004029899A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-04-08 WO PCT/EP2005/003691 patent/WO2005124128A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4235225A1 (en) | 1992-10-13 | 1994-06-09 | Iris Gmbh Infrared & Intellige | Sensor arrangement for monitoring the conversion rate of an exhaust gas catalytic converter |
| DE4344961A1 (en) | 1993-12-30 | 1995-07-06 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Evaluation device for the signal of an oxygen probe |
| US5901552A (en) * | 1996-02-23 | 1999-05-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method of adjusting the air/fuel ratio for an internal combustion engine having a catalytic converter |
| US20020152743A1 (en) * | 2000-02-16 | 2002-10-24 | Takeshi Nakamura | Engine exhaust purification device |
| EP1336728A2 (en) * | 2002-02-13 | 2003-08-20 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for regulating the air/fuel ratio of an internal combustion engine |
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| DE102004029899A1 (en) | 2006-01-12 |
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