WO2005120261A1 - Application of mesoporous molecular sieves as selective smoke filtration additives - Google Patents
Application of mesoporous molecular sieves as selective smoke filtration additives Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005120261A1 WO2005120261A1 PCT/US2005/015022 US2005015022W WO2005120261A1 WO 2005120261 A1 WO2005120261 A1 WO 2005120261A1 US 2005015022 W US2005015022 W US 2005015022W WO 2005120261 A1 WO2005120261 A1 WO 2005120261A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- molecular sieve
- mesoporous molecular
- article
- filter
- filter element
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/16—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of inorganic materials
- A24D3/166—Silicic acid or silicates
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a smoking article having a filter element and/or smokable material containing a highly structured mesoporous molecular sieve, and more specifically, a smoking article having a filter element and/or smokable material containing a highly porous amorphous silica (hereinafter referred to as "MCM-41"), as the highly structured mesoporous molecular sieve for filtering vapor phase constituents in mainstream smoke.
- MCM-41 highly porous amorphous silica
- Certain cigarettes have filter elements which incorporate materials such as carbon.
- Exemplary cigarettes and filters are described in U.S. Patent Pub. No. 2003/0159703, to Yang, et al., and U.S. Patent Pub. No. 2003/0154993. to Paine, HI et al.
- surface area is inversely proportional to carbon particle size. If the particle size is too large, there may be insufficient surface area to accomplish the desired filtration. This factor must be taken into careful consideration when selecting a particular carbon particle size.
- filter elements which incorporate carbon often yield a metallic flavor during smoking.
- filter elements which incorporate carbon vary in proportion of micropores to mesopores, where the term "microporous” generally refers to such materials having pore sizes of about 2 ⁇ A or less, while the term “mesoporous” generally refers to such materials with pore sizes of about 20-500A. Uniform pore size distribution is more favorable. By having a more uniform pore size distribution, more of the porosity can be assured to be in the mesoporous range (2-5 Onm), which is more effective at filtering smoke than microporous materials.
- a variety of pore sizes is more likely to filter a variety of compounds, and filters for specific analytes are more desirable.
- a smoking article with a filter element capable of filtering vapor phase components that is efficient to produce and does not yield a metallic flavor is desired.
- a filter element with a mesoporous molecular sieve that has uniform pore size is desired.
- M41S materials are non-crystalline surfactant templated silica having a narrow pore size distribution.
- MCM-41 is a highly porous surfactant templated silica gel belonging to the M41S family, and contains a highly organized hexagonal array of uniform pores with controllable diameters from about 15 A to about 100 A.
- the term "hexagonal” encompasses materials that exhibit mathematically perfect hexagonal symmetry and materials with significant observable deviations from perfection.
- MCM refers to Mobil Composition of Matter or Mobil Crystalline Material, and was developed as a catalyst substrate by Mobil.
- the surface chemistry of siliceous MCM-41 is comprised of silanol groups (SiOH), and may be synthesized using cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC1), H 2 0, Na 2 0, and Si0 2 .
- CAC1 cetyltrimethylammonium chloride
- the formed MCM-41 may be utilized as a mesoporous molecular sieve in smoking articles.
- MCM-41 has a highly condensed surface with less SiOH groups than silica, and its uniqueness is in the shape it adopts by forming around a template which is subsequently removed.
- the use of mesopores as an absorbent is taught by U.S. Patent No. 5,580.370. to Kuma, et al.
- MCM-41 has a large surface area, where the BET surface area is approximately 1000 m 2 /g, and thus has a high sorption capacity.
- BET refers to Brunaur, Emmett, and Teller, three scientists who optimized the theory for measuring surface areas.
- MCM-41 is effective for reducing levels of alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, nitriles, and naphthalene. It is an object of the present invention to provide a smoking article with a filter element having a mesoporous molecular sieve, MCM-41.
- a preferred smoking article is a cigarette with MCM-41 disposed within the filter element.
- a preferred smoking article is a cigarette and a preferred smokable material is tobacco.
- MCM-41 is disposed within the smokable material in the rod.
- MCM-41 is disposed within the filter element and throughout the smokable material in the rod.
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing total particulate matter normalized percentage reductions of various vapor phase analytes when utilizing MCM-41 in a cigarette filter.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing total particulate matter normalized percentage reductions of mainstream smoke carbonyls.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing selected vapor phase analytes percentage reductions of
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing mainstream smoke carbonyl percentage reductions of MCM-41 and Sorbite.
- DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS While this invention is susceptible of embodiments in many different forms, there are shown in the figures and will herein be described in detail, preferred embodiments of the invention with the understanding that the present disclosure is to be considered as an exemplification of the principles of the invention, and is not intended to limit the broad aspects of the invention to the embodiments illustrated.
- the present invention provides for an article for smoking with a mesoporous molecular sieve, MCM-41, to filter vapor phase constituents from mainstream tobacco smoke.
- Vapor phase constituents to be filtered contact MCM-41 and are retained within the pores, thereby providing a separation of the undesirable constituents from the remainder of the vapor.
- MCM-41 is typically a black or white granular material with a density of ⁇ 0.3g/cm 3 and a BET surface area of ⁇ 1000m 2 /g. Although pore wall thickness may vary, MCM-41 typically has a uniform pore diameter of ⁇ 3.7nm, when cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide is used. The following examples are given for illustrative purposes only and are not to be deemed as limitative of the scope of the invention.
- Example 1 MCM-41 ADSORPT ⁇ V ⁇ PROPERTIES To evaluate the adsorptive properties of MCM-41, MCM-41 was tested in hand-made cavity filters and compared to semolina (inert flour granules used to simulate a granule-filled cavity).
- Hand-made cavity filters can be made by first removing the cellulose acetate (CA) filter of a cigarette. Shortened segments of CA on the tobacco and mouth end of the filter create a cavity to hold the granular material.
- the MCM-41 sample sets were prepared according to usual synthesis procedure, except for minor modifications. MCM-41 was developed by Exxon/Mobil, but sample sets for experiment purposes were developed in the laboratory.
- CA cellulose acetate
- CTAB cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide
- TEOS tetraethyl orthosilicate
- Sample sets of cigarettes containing 50mg of a granular additive in a hand-made cavity filter were prepared using either MCM-41 synthesized as described above or semolina. Each sample set was pressure drop selected to decrease smoke delivery variances. Samples were conditioned (65% relative humidity and 75°C for 48 hours) and analyzed for total measured vapor phase (TMVP), mainstream smoke (MSS) HCN, and MSS carbonyl deliveries. Cigarettes with cavities containing 50mg of either semolina or MCM-41 were analyzed for TMVP smoke deliveries. TABLE A shows the results for selected vapor phase smoke compounds, comparing semolina with MCM-41 : TABLE A. Vapor Phase Smoke Analysis Data ( ⁇ g/cig)
- FIG. 1 shows computed total particulate matter (TPM) normalized percentage reductions for various vapor phase constituents.
- TPM normalized percentage reduction for mainstream smoke carbonyls is shown in FIG. 2.
- the data indicates that the MCM-41 sample displayed an increased affinity for MSS carbonyls versus the semolina control.
- the MCM-41 sample reduced mainstream smoke carbonyl deliveries by a total of 49% compared to the semolina sample.
- MCM-41 reductions above 50% were calculated, versus the control, for the analytes acrolein, acetone, butanone, and butyraldehyde.
- TABLE C shows a summary of mean polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) deliveries in particulate phase smoke: TABLE C.
- PAH polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
- total particulate matter (TPM) normalized results suggest naphthalene deliveries were reduced by -29%. This effect may be due to the fact that naphthalene is the smallest and most volatile of the PAHs measured, demonstrating MCM-41 's high affinity for small and volatile compounds. All other PAH compounds analyzed failed to show an appreciable affinity for the MCM-41 sample versus the control. To summarize, the MCM-41 samples were found to be an effective adsorbent for select constituents found in mainstream smoke. Significant reductions were observed for nitrile, aldehyde, and ketone deliveries. In addition, PAH deliveries indicate reduction for naphthalene.
- MCM-41 has an affinity for molecules that form strong intermolecular bonds, and therefore, no reductions were observed for the analytes 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, furan, and benzene.
- the MCM-41 samples exhibited high filtration efficiencies for nitriles, aldehydes, and ketones when compared to the semolina control.
- MCM-41 displayed selectivity for naphthalene.
- Example 2 MCM-41 IN COMPARISON TO SORBITE AS A CIGARETTE FILTER ADDITIVE
- MCM-41 and Sorbite a coal-based activated carbon derived from semi-anthracite coal, available from Calgon Carbons, were placed in hand-made cavity filtered cigarettes, the properties of which are explained above, and the filtration efficiencies of both were compared. Semolina was utilized as a control.
- the highly porous nature of MCM-41 invited the comparison to activated carbons, such as Sorbite.
- the MCM-41 samples were prepared according to the above-stated method. Sorbite was used without modification. Three sample sets were prepared with hand-made cavity filtered cigarettes.
- TMVP total measured vapor phase
- PAH polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
- MSS carbonyl mainstream smoke carbonyl
- MCM-41 is selective for the more polar analytes such as nitriles, aldehydes, ketones, and alcohols. This affinity for polar molecules can be explained by their strong intermolecular bonding with pendant hydroxide groups on the surface of the silica, and FIG. 3 displays the selectivity of MCM-41. All three samples were also analyzed for mainstream smoke carbonyls with the deliveries listed in TABLE F: TABLE F. MSS Carbonyl Deliveries ( ⁇ g/cig)
- TABLE F shows mainstream smoke carbonyl deliveries comparing semolina, Sorbite/semolina, and MCM-41 /semolina.
- MCM-41 delivered 842.0 ⁇ g/cigarette total carbonyls, while Sorbite delivered more carbonyls: 936.6 ⁇ g/cigarette.
- FIG. 4 shows normalized percentage reductions for mainstream smoke carbonyls of MCM-41 and Sorbite. These results were consistent with the results of the vapor phase analyses. Reductions observed for the surfactant templated silica were (at a minimum) comparable to reductions for the Sorbite samples. A few analytes, such as acetone and crotonaldehyde, had greater reductions. Deliveries of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured because of known reductions in naphthalene for samples containing MCM-41. TABLE G shows a complete list of PAH test results:
- TPM Total particulate matter
- MCM-41 was found to be more selective for polar smoke constituents and outperformed the Sorbite for the removal of nitriles, ketones, alcohols, and aldehydes.
- the Sorbite sample was more selective for non-polar smoke constituents such as benzene, toluene, styrene, isoprene, and naphthalene.
- MCM-41 can compliment Sorbite and other additives, such as an ion-exchange resin, as a co-additive.
- EXAMPLE 3 COPPER OXIDE IMPREGNATED MCM-41 A sample of MCM-41 was prepared using the process as described in EXAMPLE 1.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BRPI0511750-0A BRPI0511750A (en) | 2004-06-03 | 2005-04-29 | smoking article cigarette and filter for a smoking article |
EP05743017A EP1750530A1 (en) | 2004-06-03 | 2005-04-29 | Application of mesoporous molecular sieves as selective smoke filtration additives |
CA002567295A CA2567295A1 (en) | 2004-06-03 | 2005-04-29 | Application of mesoporous molecular sieves as selective smoke filtration additives |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/860,775 | 2004-06-03 | ||
US10/860,775 US20050268925A1 (en) | 2004-06-03 | 2004-06-03 | Application of mesoporous molecular sieves as selective smoke filtration additives |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2005120261A1 true WO2005120261A1 (en) | 2005-12-22 |
Family
ID=34967712
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2005/015022 WO2005120261A1 (en) | 2004-06-03 | 2005-04-29 | Application of mesoporous molecular sieves as selective smoke filtration additives |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20050268925A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1750530A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101010013A (en) |
AR (1) | AR050414A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0511750A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2567295A1 (en) |
GT (1) | GT200500131A (en) |
PA (1) | PA8635701A1 (en) |
PE (1) | PE20060071A1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2337596C1 (en) |
SV (1) | SV2005002133A (en) |
TW (1) | TW200614926A (en) |
UY (1) | UY28928A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005120261A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA200610096B (en) |
Families Citing this family (18)
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US7479098B2 (en) | 2005-09-23 | 2009-01-20 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Equipment for insertion of objects into smoking articles |
ES2301392B1 (en) | 2006-11-07 | 2009-06-09 | Universidad De Alicante | TOBACCO-CATALYST BLENDS FOR REDUCTION OF TOXIC COMPOUNDS PRESENT IN TOBACCO SMOKE. |
US8186360B2 (en) * | 2007-04-04 | 2012-05-29 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Cigarette comprising dark air-cured tobacco |
US8613284B2 (en) | 2008-05-21 | 2013-12-24 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Cigarette filter comprising a degradable fiber |
CN103222684B (en) | 2008-05-21 | 2015-11-18 | R.J.雷诺兹烟草公司 | For the formation of the equipment of the filter assemblies of smoking product and correlation technique and the smoking product that manufactured by it |
US8079369B2 (en) | 2008-05-21 | 2011-12-20 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Method of forming a cigarette filter rod member |
US8434498B2 (en) | 2009-08-11 | 2013-05-07 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Degradable filter element |
US20120000481A1 (en) | 2010-06-30 | 2012-01-05 | Dennis Potter | Degradable filter element for smoking article |
CN101934234B (en) * | 2010-09-13 | 2012-07-04 | 中南大学 | Mesoporous molecular sieve catalyst for catalytic cracking of waste plastics as well as preparation method and application thereof |
US8973588B2 (en) | 2011-07-29 | 2015-03-10 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Plasticizer composition for degradable polyester filter tow |
US20130167851A1 (en) | 2011-12-28 | 2013-07-04 | Balager Ademe | Method of filter assembly for smoking article |
US20130167849A1 (en) | 2011-12-28 | 2013-07-04 | Balager Ademe | Method of tipping for smoking article |
US20160073686A1 (en) | 2014-09-12 | 2016-03-17 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Tobacco-derived filter element |
US10226066B2 (en) | 2016-03-07 | 2019-03-12 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Rosemary in a tobacco blend |
CN106858717A (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2017-06-20 | 滁州卷烟材料厂 | The filter tip of carbonyls in a kind of selectivity reducing cigarette fume |
CN113576027A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-11-02 | 上海烟草集团有限责任公司 | Composite filter stick for reducing propionaldehyde in cigarette smoke and cigarette |
CN113558290A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-10-29 | 上海烟草集团有限责任公司 | Method for reducing acetone in cigarette smoke |
CN114669272A (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-06-28 | 昆明理工大学 | Adsorbent for synergistically removing dust, hydrogen fluoride and hydrogen chloride in copper smelting flue gas and preparation method thereof |
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-
2004
- 2004-06-03 US US10/860,775 patent/US20050268925A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2005
- 2005-04-29 CA CA002567295A patent/CA2567295A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-04-29 RU RU2006146202/12A patent/RU2337596C1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-04-29 EP EP05743017A patent/EP1750530A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-04-29 WO PCT/US2005/015022 patent/WO2005120261A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-04-29 BR BRPI0511750-0A patent/BRPI0511750A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-04-29 CN CNA2005800182850A patent/CN101010013A/en active Pending
- 2005-05-24 PE PE2005000571A patent/PE20060071A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-05-27 UY UY28928A patent/UY28928A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-06-01 GT GT200500131A patent/GT200500131A/en unknown
- 2005-06-01 AR ARP050102248A patent/AR050414A1/en unknown
- 2005-06-02 SV SV2005002133A patent/SV2005002133A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2005-06-02 TW TW094118086A patent/TW200614926A/en unknown
- 2005-06-03 PA PA20058635701A patent/PA8635701A1/en unknown
-
2006
- 2006-12-01 ZA ZA200610096A patent/ZA200610096B/en unknown
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ZA200610096B (en) | 2008-07-30 |
RU2006146202A (en) | 2008-07-20 |
GT200500131A (en) | 2006-01-10 |
UY28928A1 (en) | 2006-01-31 |
EP1750530A1 (en) | 2007-02-14 |
PE20060071A1 (en) | 2006-02-12 |
PA8635701A1 (en) | 2006-10-13 |
CN101010013A (en) | 2007-08-01 |
SV2005002133A (en) | 2011-03-22 |
TW200614926A (en) | 2006-05-16 |
RU2337596C1 (en) | 2008-11-10 |
AR050414A1 (en) | 2006-10-25 |
US20050268925A1 (en) | 2005-12-08 |
CA2567295A1 (en) | 2005-12-22 |
BRPI0511750A (en) | 2008-01-02 |
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