WO2005120209A1 - Surface having moss plant anchored thereto - Google Patents

Abstract

It is intended to provide a surface which has a moss plant freely anchored thereto and can be easily produced, a subject having this surface, a kit for constructing this surface and so on. It is found out that the above problems can be solved by providing a surface having a moss plant anchored thereto wherein the moss plant is anchored in contact with the following a) or b); a subject having this surface constructed therein; and a kit for constructing this surface. a) An uneven surface having no fluid nature. b) A composition which contains milled paper and/or a paper precursor and fine soil pieces substantially comprising clay and/or silt. By providing a specific blocky composition having voids provided all over the inside thereof, the convenience of the above kit is largely improved.

Description

 Specification

 Moss plant fixed surface

 Technical field

 The present invention relates to an immobilized surface of a moss plant, an object having the surface, a kit for constructing the surface, and the like.

 Background art

 [0002] In recent years, the image of moss plants has been improving, and attempts have been made to use moss plants as a means of restoring the natural environment and as art works.

[0003] However, it is not easy to freely fix a moss plant by creating a natural texture.

 [0004] Prior art documents related to the present invention include International Publication WO02Z41688A1 pamphlet.

 Disclosure of the invention

 An object of the present invention is to provide a surface to which a moss plant can be freely fixed, an object having the surface, a kit for constructing the surface, and the like, which can be easily manufactured. It is an invention. The present inventor provides, as a specific means, a surface on which a moss plant is fixed (hereinafter, also referred to as a “fixed surface”) on which the moss plant is fixed in contact with the following a) or b). Thus, it has been found that the above object can be achieved.

 [0006] a) Non-fluid uneven surface.

 [0007] b) A composition containing ground paper and Z or a paper precursor, and a soil material substantially consisting of clay or silt soil (hereinafter, also referred to as fixing composition ヽ ぅ).

[0008] On the present fixed surface, the moss plant is fixed in a viable state, and the design of the object on which the present fixed surface is to be provided can be freely configured while creating a natural texture. .

[0009] As described later, when the present fixing surface is constructed, when a moss plant is mixed, a fixing composition containing water [hereinafter, also referred to as a water-containing fixing composition (a state not containing a moss plant)] ] On a non-fluid uneven surface. And actually practice the invention In doing so, it is preferable to separately stock the water-containing fixing composition, further dissolve it in water on site, mix it with the moss plant, and layer it on the above-mentioned uneven surface.

 [0010] As described above, the water-containing fixing yarn composition is a composition that is premised on stocking in practical use. In order to make such a stock practical, it is necessary to sterilize the hydrous composition. Microbes near the surface of the hydrated fixation material (which are considered aerobic microorganisms) can be easily sterilized by heat treatment using an autoclave, but microorganisms inside the hydrated fixation composition (anaerobic) Sterilization is considered difficult. Even when heat treatment using an autoclave or the like is performed, it has been recognized that microorganisms grow over time under sealed conditions, the water-containing fixing composition turns black, and an intense off-flavor is generated. (Especially in summer). In addition, complete sterilization by autoclave requires long-term sterilization, which is not practical in terms of cost.

 [0011] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a technique for the above-mentioned permanent fixing surface and to provide a practical preservative means of the composition for fixing water-containing.

 The present inventor has found that the above problem can be solved by making the water-containing fixing composition itself a porous lump, and in addition to the above-described technology relating to the present fixing surface, the following invention Was completed.

 [0013] That is, according to the present invention, a lump containing "ground paper and Z or paper precursor, substantially clay or silt soil, and water containing water, which are provided with voids therein, and water. A composition (also referred to as the present bulk composition! ヽ ぅ) "is provided, and the above surface which can be constructed using the composition is provided.

The “non-fluid uneven surface” is a surface having an uneven surface that is not a flowable uneven surface and can be formed by a jig-like substance. Specifically, porous concrete surfaces, tuffstone surfaces, gravel surfaces, pebble surfaces, porous base surfaces made of glass, unglazed surfaces, rock surfaces with unevenness, wood surfaces with unevenness, etc. Concrete surface with irregularities, mortar surface with irregularities, silicone resin surface (solidified) with irregularities, rubber surface with irregularities (silicone rubber) ), Glass surface with irregularities, metal surface with irregularities, rock surface with irregularities, clay surface with irregularities (solidified Surface), uneven ceramic surface, uneven plastic surface, uneven wooden surface, water-based acrylic resin surface with uneven surface, etc. Can be.

 [0015] The method of providing the posterior irregularities may be a method according to the material of the target object to be selected or the manufacturing method. For example, a flat surface that has already been solidified is cut with a cutting tool such as a tool to provide desired irregularities, and the adhesive material (silicone resin, etc.) before solidification is fluffed using a brush or the like, and then solidified. It is possible to grow moss plants that harden at room temperature and come into contact with them, such as concrete, mortar, silicone resin, rubber, plastic, water-based acrylic resin, pottery, metal, clay, etc. The “adhesive material” can be provided with desired irregularities by molding, injection molding or the like.

 [0016] As described above, the "fixing composition", that is, a composition containing ground paper and Z or a paper precursor, and a composition substantially containing clay and soil fine material of Z or silt soil strength are: Before solidification, the composition is an aqueous composition (hydrous composition) further containing water.

 [0017] By containing ground paper or a paper precursor, the fixing composition contains paper fibers. The ground paper is literally ground paper, and the type of paper is not particularly limited. For example, newspaper, sanitary paper, magazines, flyers, copy paper, etc. can be used as paper, and kenaf paper (paper that can be produced from kenaf plant fibers in accordance with the process for producing plain paper). ) Can be used as paper. Crushing refers to a state in which a part or all of the base paper is finely divided into paper fiber units. The pulverizing means is not particularly limited, but a desired pulverized paper can be prepared by shearing with a shearing blade in water, shaving with a file blade in water, and further, hand fir in water.

 [0018] The paper precursor is a plant fiber containing water, which is also a pulp power and is a direct raw material of paper.

[0019] The fine soil material is gravel, sand, earth, pottery powder, glass powder, ash, lightweight aggregate, clay, peat moss, perlite, and the like. Further, for example, plant fiber (excluding paper fiber), dried sphagnum, peat moss, plant seeds, etc. can be contained. With soil particles less than 0.005 mm) and Z or silt (soil with a particle size of 0.005-0. 074 mm) (hereinafter "consisting essentially of clay and Z or silt It is preferable to use “soil fines” as fine-grained soil.] “Substantially” means an error range that does not affect the properties of the entire soil fines (10% of the entire soil fines). % By mass, preferably less than 3% by mass, more preferably less than 1% by mass), meaning that other types of soil fines can be mixed in.] More specifically, the average grain size of the fine-grained soil is preferably 75 m or less, more preferably 30 μm or less, and most preferably 15 m or less (the average grain size is Is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 1 μm or more). If the average particle size of the fine soil material is too large (approximately 75 μm or more in average), the large particles fall off during the construction process of the fixed surface. The surface tends to be less brittle with time due to the brittleness of the large particles. It is possible to use clay (commercially available) as it is as fine-grained soil, or to mix general soil with a kneading device (propeller mixer, disperser, ader, roller, crusher, etc.). It is also possible to use the one that has been subjected to the granulation treatment.

 [0020] The content ratio of the crushed paper and the like (crushed paper and Z or a paper precursor) and the fine-grained soil in the fixing composition is not particularly limited, but generally, the crushed paper and the like: fine-grained soil = 10: 1 to 1 A ratio of about 1:10 (dry mass ratio) is preferable, and a particularly preferable ratio is ground paper or the like: fine-grained soil = 2: 1 to 1: 2 (dry mass ratio). If the dry weight of the ground paper is more than 10 times the dry weight of the soil fine material, the strength of the fixed surface to be built over time will be too weak, and furthermore, the color of the paper will appear over the entire surface in color, In some cases, the design lacks appropriateness. Also, if the dry mass of the fine-grained soil is more than 10 times the dry mass of the crushed paper, etc., the fixability of the fixing composition itself will decrease, and even if it is dried, it will be stably fixed on the target object. It becomes hard to do.

[0021] The ratio of water to crushed paper or the like and fine-grained soil in the water-containing fixing composition is not particularly limited, and can be freely selected according to the mode of using the fixing composition. That is, as will be described later, the content of the water can be freely selected in the range of about 1 to 99% by mass, preferably 80 to 99% by mass, based on the total amount of the water-containing fixing composition. Is possible. In general, if the water content is too small, the paper crushing operation when using crushed paper becomes difficult, and it becomes difficult to sufficiently knead the crushed paper and fine-grained soil. If the water content is too high, the weight of the fixing composition containing water becomes too heavy, which not only places an excessive burden on the preparation of the composition, but also wastes water resources. is there. [0022] Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, it is necessary to include a moss plant in the water-containing fixing composition. The content of the moss plant in this case can be freely selected depending on the setting of the initial density of the moss on the fixed surface, and is not particularly limited. : "Pulverized paper and Z or paper precursor and soil fines" (dry mass ratio) = 1:10 to 15: 1, preferably selected in the range of 1: 2 to 2: 1 .

 As the “moss plant” that can be used in the present invention, a moss plant naturally growing in nature can be used as it is, or a moss plant obtained by a cultivation method can be used. In addition, a so-called culture method (for example, see “Plant Noo Technology II”, Tokyo Kagaku Dojin: Hyundai Kagaku 'Extra 20', page 39, “Culture of bryophytes” (by Ono), etc.) The ability to use "cultured moss" It is usually preferable to use moss plants obtained by a cultivation method.

 [0024] The cultivated bryophytes are capable of using bryophytes obtained by a normal cultivation method. In particular, in the present invention, it is preferable to use a bryophyte fragment group obtained by the following method. No.

 [0025] That is, the vicinity of the top of the growing moss plant community is cut, and the cut moss plant fragments are used as a harvest to continuously cure the cut moss plant community. The above-mentioned bryophyte fragment group obtained in the method for cultivating a bryophyte plant by repeating the harvest cycle can be used in the present invention.

[0026] Here, the bryophyte community that has grown is a natural moss plant community or a moss plant community obtained by ordinary pallet cultivation, regardless of the artificial base on which the moss plants are fixed. It may be a community of bryophytes obtained by curing. Moreover, the moss plant community obtained by curing the moss plant on the fixed surface may be used. The bryophyte community may be cured in a flat state or cured on a wall or slope! The time for cutting near the apex is preferably when the bryophytes in the grown moss plants have reached approximately 2-3 cm. Cutting near the top of the bryophyte community can be performed using various cutting tools, such as scissors, hair clippers, and sanders, on the upper part of the bryophyte community (the area with a lot of greenery). In addition, even if the upper part of the moss plant community is patted with a broom, a brush, or the like, the vicinity of the top of the moss plant can be easily cut, and a desired moss plant fragment can be obtained. [0027] The moss plant fragment obtained by cutting after the above-mentioned cutting step can be used as a "harvest" for various uses, for example, as a moss plant fixed on the fixed surface. In addition, the bryophyte community that has been cut can continue curing and grow the moss plant again. By performing the cutting step again on the regenerated moss plant community, a moss plant fragment group can be obtained again. By repeating this cycle of curing and harvesting, moss plants can be efficiently obtained as “harvest”.

[0028] The types of bryophytes that can be used in the present invention are not particularly limited! /.

[0029] For example, Atrichum P. Beauv. (Tachigoke-zoku) such as Atrichum undulatum (Hedw.) P. Beauv (Namigata-Tachigoke); Pogo natum P such as Pogonatum inflexum (Lindb.) Lac. (Ko-sugigoke) .Beauv (Niwa-sugigoke- zoku); Polytrichastrum formosum (Hedw.) Polytrichastrum G 丄 such as GLSmith .SmithOvliyama- sugigoke- zoku); Polytrichum commune Hedw. (Uma-sugigokeno etc. (Ceratodon purpureus (Hedw.) Bird. (Yanoueno— akagoke)) and other Ceratodon Bird. jigoke) Dicranum Hedw. (Shippogoke-zoku) such as Dicranum polysetum Sw. (Nami-snippogke); Leucobryum scabrum Lac. (〇—shiragagoke), Leuco bryum juniperoideum (Brid.) C.Mull. (Hosoba-okinagoke) Bryum Hedw. (Hariganegoke -zoku); Rhodobryum giganteum (schwaegr.) Par. (〇—kasagoke) such as Leucobryum Hampe (¾h iragagoke-zoku); Bryum argenteum Hedw. Plagiomnium T.Kop. (Tsuru-chochingoke-zoku) such as Rhodobryum (Schimp •) Hampe (Kasagoke-zoku), Plagiomnium acutum (Lindb.) T.Kop. (Kotsubogoke); Trachycystis microphylla (Dozy et Mol k.) Trachycystis Lindb. (Kobano—chochingoke—zoku) such as Lindb. (Kobano—chochingoke); Pyrrhobryum Mitt. (Hinokigo ke—zoku) such as Pyrrhobryum dozyanum (Lac) Manuel (Hinokigoke); (Tamagoke -zoku); Climacium dendroides (Hedw.) Web.et Mohr (Furoso), Climacium japonicium Lindb. (Koyano—mannengusa), etc. Climacium Web.et Mohr (Koyano—mannengusa—zok u); Racomitrium ericoides (Web.et Brid) Brid (Ha sunagoke), Racomitrium japonicium Dozy et Molk. (Ezo- sunagoke), Racomitrium canescens (Hedw.) Brid.ssp.latifolium (S (Unagoke), Racomitrium Barbuloides Card. (Kobanosunagoke), etc .; Racomitrium Brid. (Shimofurigoke-zoku); Toyama-shinobugoke), etc. Thuidium Bruch et Schimp. In BSG (Shinobugoke-zoku), etc. Forces that can be mentioned are not limited to these.

 [0030] These bryophytes can be used alone or in combination of two or more. In particular, by using a combination of a moss plant that prefers strong sunshine (eg, Sago moss) and a moss plant that prefers shade (eg, moss or Igoke), the moss can be used regardless of the sunshine environment in which the surface for fixing is used. In addition, the growth of the moss plant can be maintained.

 [0031] "Honoka Surface Ί

 The immobilized surface can be a surface on which the moss plant is immobilized, which can be constructed by fixing the immobilizing composition mixed with the moss plant on the existing non-fluid uneven surface.

 That is, for example, the present fixed surface may be the present fixed surface constructed by the following steps (1) to (3).

 (1) A step of overlying a mixture of crushed paper and Z or a paper precursor, fine-grained soil, water (the above-mentioned composition for fixing with water) and a moss plant on a non-fluid uneven surface.

 (2) a step of pressing the upper layer into the uneven surface to bring the composition into close contact with the uneven portion, and exposing the moss plants in the composition to the surface.

 (3) Step of drying the surface obtained in (2).

[0033] ^ Ol: The upper layer of the mixture of the water-containing fixing composition and the moss plant on the above-mentioned non-fluid uneven surface, flows the mixture to a location where the main fixing surface is to be constructed. It can be done by shuffling or spraying. The qualitative and quantitative contents of the ground paper and Z or paper precursor, fine-grained soil, and moss plant in the mixture are as described above. Further, the content of water is preferably about 90 to 99% by mass based on the whole water-containing fixing composition. With the above-mentioned “sprinkling or spraying”, excess water drops off from the upper part of the uneven surface, and a component other than moisture in a wet state is overlaid on the upper part of the uneven surface. Step (2): This step can be performed by, after the step (1), pushing a mixture of the composition for fixing with water and the moss plant into the uneven surface. It is preferable that the pressing be performed before the upper layer on the uneven surface is dried.

 [0035] The pushing can be performed with a hand or a leg, and can also be performed using a device such as a hand. However, it is preferable that the water is brought into contact with the water and the pushing is performed with the pressure. In Japan, the strength of this water flow is such that it can be realized by a hose with a nozzle that is also connected to a domestic water supply system (usually a water pressure of about 0.05 to 1 MPa) used under normal conditions. Is enough.

 [0036] Steps (1) and (2) can be repeated as necessary.

 Step (3): Finally, by drying the surface obtained in step (3), the moss plant is fixed via the fixing composition or the uneven surface, and a book having a natural texture is obtained. A fixed surface can be obtained. The fixed surface thus formed has water resistance and is robust against wetness caused by rainfall and the like.

 AiA: Before the step (1), the water-containing fixing composition is overlaid on the non-fluid uneven surface, and the upper layer is pressed into the uneven surface to form the yarn-forming composition. Step (A) of adhering the composition to the uneven portion, and the step (1) and subsequent steps can be performed in a state where the composition is wet. By performing this step (A), it is possible to improve the fixing strength of the mixture of the water-containing fixing composition and the moss plant fixed on the uneven surface in the step (1) and subsequent steps on the uneven surface.

 In the step (A), the qualitative and quantitative contents of the crushed paper and / or the paper precursor and the fine-grained soil in the above-mentioned composition for fixing with water are as described above. Further, the content of water is preferably about 90 to 99% by mass based on the whole water-containing fixing composition. This step (A) is carried out by applying the upper layer (usually by spraying or spraying the above-mentioned water-containing fixing composition, and then pushing the fixing composition into the concave and convex surfaces. be able to. The indentation is preferably performed before the upper layer on the uneven surface is dried. This indentation can be performed in the same manner as the indentation step of the mixture of the water-containing fixing composition and the moss plant described in the above step (2).

[0040] As described above, before the treated surface obtained in this step (A) is dried, It is preferable to perform (1) to (3).

[0041] Step (A) can be repeatedly performed as necessary.

 [0042] Objects to be provided with the fixed surface include porous concrete, tuff, porous base made of glass, gravel surface, unglazed material, tile, pebble surface, rock with unevenness, and wood with unevenness. An object which originally has an uneven surface can be given. Also, concrete surface with irregularities, mortar surface with irregularities, silicone resin surface (solidified) with irregularities, rubber surface with irregularities (including silicone rubber), glass with irregularities Surface, metal surface with irregularities, rock surface with irregularities, clay surface with irregularities (solidified), pottery surface with irregularities, plastic surface with irregularities, wood surface with irregularities And an object having an uneven surface provided with irregularities after the fact, such as an aqueous acrylic resin surface provided with concaves and convexes.

 Further, when the object is a sheet-like member, for example, paper, vinyl sheet, woven fabric, non-woven fabric, felt sheet or the like, a material applicable as wallpaper or the like can be provided. The uneven surface of such a sheet-shaped material is formed by applying an adhesive material and fluffing the material, and then curing the material, or by bonding the soil fine material according to the steps (α) to (δ) described later. Then, means such as using the adhesive fixing surface as the uneven surface can be performed.

 [0044] Further, on the surface to which the moss plant is fixed, the seeds of the plant are arranged on the non-fluid uneven surface, and thereafter, the step (1) and the following steps are performed to construct the moss. When the step (工程) is performed, the seeds may be arranged before or after the step (Α). By germinating the seeds arranged on the fixed surface in this way, the moss plants can be shaded at an early growth stage, and the fixed surface can be made more robust. Seed power of this plant The germinated plant usually eventually dies, but at this stage, the moss plant itself grows, and the fixed surface itself becomes more robust than at the beginning of construction. The seeds of this plant are not particularly limited, but rice, ash, wheat, wheat, oats, oats and the like are preferred.

[0045] In order to continuously grow healthy moss plants on the immobilized surface, it is generally necessary to perform siding. However, the above series of manufacturing steps is performed indoors. At the acclimatization stage, the object with the completed permanent surface is taken out and the moss plant It is preferred to carry out the modification.

 In particular, when long-term storage is required, the moss plant is cured outdoors or indoors on the object provided with the fixed surface, and before the moss is used (at the time of use). It is preferable that the moss plant is in a dormant state by re-layering the water-containing fixing composition on the cured moss plant and solidifying the moss plant within about two months before the moss plant has been cured. By using this at the desired place of use, the moss plant on the fixed surface can be easily placed in the environment of the place of use.

 That is, the present invention cures a moss plant on the surface of an object provided with the present fixing surface as a preservation measure, and before use of the object, applies a water-containing fixing composition to the surface. The present invention also provides an object having an upper layer and a surface formed by solidifying the composition in a state where the exposed portion of the moss plant is in contact with the composition.

 [0048] In addition to the portion where the moss plant is fixed as described above, a structure such as a tile is provided on the fixed surface, and the portion can be freely colored or the like. Also, the moss plant fixing area on the fixed surface is the place where the adhesive material is applied, so by devising the method of applying the adhesive material, it is possible to freely provide a pattern made of the moss plant. is there.

 [0049] Among the materials used as objects, Styrofoam has advantages in that it can be easily processed into a desired shape, is lightweight, and is easy to handle. In addition, since it floats on water, it is a particularly suitable material in the case where the object is made to float on water. However, on the other hand, it is very difficult to give natural texture to foamed styrofoam.For example, even if the surface of styrofoam is colored as it is, it is not easy to suppress the artificial atmosphere. .

 In such a case, in the following steps a;) to δ), the surface of a material such as styrofoam can be made to have a natural texture. It is possible to select not only styrene but also any material that can be an object on which the fixed surface is provided).

[0051] α) A viscous liquid material that is hardened afterwards and before solidification is applied to the surface of styrene foam or the like. Subsequent curing materials include adhesives such as silicone-based adhesives, urethane-based adhesives, butyl acetate-based adhesives, cellulose-based adhesives, and synthetic rubber-based adhesives. Agents, UV-curable adhesives, anaerobic adhesives, UV-anaerobic adhesives, etc., but silicone-based adhesives are preferred.

 [0052] The method of this application is not particularly limited, and for example, an injection container containing the above liquid material.

 (E.g., an injection tube), the liquid material can be injected onto the surface of the object and evened with a small hand.If you want to apply thinly, attach the liquid material to a brush, etc. This can be applied to the surface of the object.

 Β) Next, the liquid material preferably applied to the surface of the object is fluffed. The method of performing this step is not particularly limited.For example, the liquid material is applied to the surface of the object by hitting the surface of the liquid material on the object surface with a brushed member having rigidity (for example, a wire brush). Can be fluffy.

 [0054] γ) Next, on the surface of the object, from the top of the fuzzy liquid material, fine soil materials (gravel, sand, soil, pottery powder, glass powder, ash, lightweight aggregate, clay, peat moss) , Dried sphagnum moss particles, perlite, etc.), pigments, pigments, etc., and then, preferably, the surface of the object is brought into contact with a stream of water generated by adding a shower nozzle to a normal water tap. Rinse off excess sprinkles. Next, the surface of the object is lightly rubbed, and then the liquid material is solidified (by a solidification method according to the type of the post-curing material such as drying, ultraviolet irradiation, anaerobic, etc.). Natural textured surfaces, similar to walls, can be created on objects.

 [0055] Here, in the step of sprinkling the fine soil material, the fine soil material is collected according to the particle size, and the group power of the fine soil material having a large particle size is gradually applied to the small soil material group having a small particle size. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the small-sized soil particles from entering between the large-sized soil fine particles, thereby preventing the sprinkled unevenness of the small-sized soil material on the sprinkling surface. If these are sprinkled at the same time, large fine soil particles will preferentially adhere to the sprinkled surface, and uneven sprinkling is likely to occur!

[0056] δ) It is preferable to provide a coating film on the surface of the target of the above γ) in order to prevent the nutrient source of the microorganisms on the surface of the target from being exposed to the surface. The coating film can be provided by applying a desired coating material on the surface of the object and drying and solidifying the coating material. The coating material is not particularly limited and is currently provided as a drug. It is preferable to use products that are transparent and have high safety as far as possible. For example, it is very suitable to divert an aqueous solution of acrylic resin (manufactured by Atomics Co., Ltd.) sold as an aqueous base stabilizer as the coating material. In some cases, it is also preferable to use the above aqueous agent having a khaki to brown color. Further, if necessary, the upper surface of the coating material can be waterproofed, for example, by applying a silicone coating agent.

 By following the above steps Q;) to δ), the surface of an object such as styrene foam can be made to have a natural texture.

 [0058] Among the above-mentioned soil fine materials, peat moss or dried sphagnum particles (pulverized product of sphagnum dried product: commercially available dried sphagnum or growing sphagnum can be crushed using a crusher to produce the product. By using the crushed material), the water force of the sphagnum peat moss and the water system or ground force in contact with the object can be infiltrated upward through the sphagnum moss particles or peat moss. That is, crushed dried sphagnum particles or peat moss is fixed on all or a part of the target object other than the fixed surface, and the fixed portion of the dried sphagnum particles or peat moss is fixed on the surface. By being in contact, water can be supplied from the surrounding water system or the ground via the dried sphagnum moss particles or peat moss toward the fixed surface where the moss is fixed.

 Further, as described above, the above steps (1) to (3) are performed by setting the surface on which the soil fine object is adhered and fixed in steps (h) to (δ) as the uneven surface, and It is also possible.

 [0060] "The present massive composition Ί

As described above, the present bulk composition is a water-containing fixing composition in which voids are comprehensively provided. The bulk composition may be an aggregate of small units of the hydrous fixing composition, or may be a porous, aggregated hydrous fixing composition. By providing voids comprehensively in the hydrous composition, the surface area of the composition in contact with air increases, making it difficult for anaerobic microorganisms present in the composition to grow, Preservability is improved. In addition, when heat sterilization is performed using an autoclave or the like, the water-containing composition The heat flow in the object is improved, and sufficient sterilization can be performed in a short time. Furthermore, when diluting with water, for example, when constructing the permanent fixing surface, there is an advantage that it is easy to dissolve in water and the work becomes easy.

 [0061] In particular, the improvement of the storage stability over time and the labor saving of heat sterilization are very valuable effects in the present invention. That is, when the water-containing fixing composition is stored in a sealed state, the aerobic microorganisms present near the surface of the composition can be easily sterilized by heat sterilization using a photoclave or the like. It takes a great deal of processing time to sufficiently sterilize the anaerobic microorganisms present inside the composition, which is a factor for suppressing the economical implementation of the present invention. On the other hand, if heat sterilization is insufficient, even in a sealed state, anaerobic microorganisms inside the water-containing fixing composition proliferate over time, and the water-containing fixing composition itself has an intense off-flavor. (Especially in the summer season), which is also a factor for suppressing the practice of the present invention (the black ridden portion disappears in about 12 to 24 hours by exposing the water-containing composition to the outside air. (Not suitable for realistic implementation). These problems can be solved at once by using the above-mentioned lumpy composition for the water-containing fixing composition.

 [0062] If the lumped composition in the sealed state is allowed to stand at room temperature over time, if an anaerobic microorganism inside grows, black ridges with an unpleasant odor are observed. By exposing the blackened composition to outside air for about 12 to 24 hours, the blackened part disappears. This means that even when the above black composition is stocked, even if the above black luggage is found, the sterilization process etc. is performed again after the blackened part disappears, thereby reducing waste of raw materials. (As described above, this phenomenon of disappearance of the blackened portion is not an advantage when the present bulk composition is used for constructing the fixing surface. This is because it takes a long time to eliminate the black-and-white portion, and has little meaning in a situation where the composition is used immediately.

 [0063] The step of converting the water-containing fixing composition into the present bulk composition is not particularly limited as long as desired comprehensive voids can be provided in the interior of the fiber composition.

[0064] Specifically, for example, by finely dividing the composition for fixing with water, a large number of micro-lumps of the composition for fixing with water are prepared, and the large number of micro-lumps are collected to form an aggregate. The substance can be used as the present bulk composition. The gaps between individual micromass are exhaustive It is also the force that is established as a void. Examples of the above-mentioned subdivision method of the water-containing fixing composition include, for example, cutting, scraping, fine-graining and the like of the water-containing fixing composition. Of these, scuffing is preferred because the surface area of each individual micromass increases. Although the size of the micro lump is not particularly limited, it is generally preferably about 1 to 8 mm, particularly preferably about 2 to 6 mm, as an average particle diameter. If the average particle size is too large, there is a high possibility that anaerobic microorganisms will remain in individual micromass even after heat sterilization.If the average particle size is too small, not only will the efficiency of preparing the micromass deteriorate, but also the individual As a result, there is a possibility that anaerobic microorganisms may remain in individual micromass even if heat sterilization is performed in the same way as individual micromass is too large. is there.

 [0065] In preparing the present lump composition composed of micro lump, the water content% (mass% of water based on the mass of the yarn and the composition other than water) of the water-containing fixing composition as a base thereof is as follows: About 20 to 70% by mass is preferable, and 40 to 60% by mass is particularly preferable. If the water content is less than 20% by mass, the operation of preparing the micro lump itself becomes difficult, and the individual micro lump is more likely to be dried more than the limit. Further, if the water content exceeds 70% by mass, it is difficult to provide exhaustive voids in the gaps between the micromass.

 [0066] In the first step (step (1), step (A)) for constructing the main fixing surface described above, the present lump composition is used to prepare a water-containing fixing composition that is overlaid on a non-fluid uneven surface. Before use, it is preferable to use the composition as a water-containing fixing composition in a concentrated state. In other words, when constructing the fixed surface, the composition is a water-containing fixing composition characterized by the fact that its quality is secured despite its long-term stock quality and that it is easily dissolved in water. Lumpy compositions can be used.

That is, the present invention provides the above-mentioned step (1) by adding (1) ′ the “aqueous composition obtained by diluting the bulk composition to water, and a mixture of bryophytes on a non-fluid uneven surface. Similarly, the above-mentioned step (A) can be carried out in the form of (A) '' a water-based composition obtained by diluting the bulk composition in water with a non-fluid uneven surface. A step of pressing the upper layer object on the uneven surface and further adhering the composition to the uneven portion. In a state where the composition is moist, the step (1) ′ and the following steps are performed. The present invention is also provided as a form of "performing". [0068] The present bulk composition is particularly preferably used in a sealed form, for example, in a form subjected to a vacuum packing treatment or the like, and further subjected to a sterilization treatment, for example, a heat treatment, an antibacterial treatment or the like. It is more preferable that the composition is subjected to heat treatment sterilization using an autoclave, so that the characteristics of the present bulk composition having good heat treatment efficiency can be sufficiently exhibited. The heat treatment sterilization can exert a desired anaerobic microorganism sterilizing effect by, for example, setting the bulk composition of about 1000 g at about 120 to 125 ° C for about 15 to 30 minutes. .

 [0069] One of the most suitable embodiments of the present bulk composition in a sealed state is to use it as a component of the kit for construction of the present invention described later.

 [0070] "Kit for this construction Ί

 The kit of the present invention includes a water-containing fixing composition (preferably, the present massive composition) and a construction kit for constructing the present fixing surface, which comprises a moss plant as a constituent element (hereinafter referred to as the present construction). Kit).

 [0071] The present construction kit is a kit for manufacturing the fixed surface at the time of use / use where it is not manufactured in a factory or the like.

 [0072] (a) Regarding the water-containing fixing composition, its constituent components, "crushed paper and Z or paper precursor, and fine soil material" are qualitatively and quantitatively described in the above. It is contained. The content of water is not particularly limited, but can be freely selected in the range of about 1 to 99% by mass based on the whole composition. However, when the amount of water is large (about 90 to 99% by mass), the composition approximates to the fixing composition containing a suitable amount of water at the time of use. The area of the permanent surface that can be manufactured is reduced. A preferable use of the present construction kit is to use a concentrated present fixing composition having a low water content at an appropriate concentration before use. Thereby, the area of the main fixing surface which can be manufactured using one unit of the kit in a normal form can be preferably increased. In this case, the content of water in the present fixing composition used as a component of the present construction kit is preferably about 20 to 85% by mass of the whole composition.

[0073] The present fixing composition containing water can be subjected to antiseptic means having no apparent adverse effect on the moss plant, thereby improving its preservability. For example, heat treatment, Preservative treatments such as sodium hypochlorite can be given. It is also preferable to vacuum-pack the present fixing composition containing water.

 (B) As the most preferable embodiment of the above-mentioned composition for fixing water-containing composition, the present bulk composition can be used. The components of the composition, the production method, the manner of sealing, the sterilization method, and the like are as described in the section of “The present massive composition”.

 [0075] (c) The moss plant is usually obtained by initially fixing an amount of the moss plant, which is initially fixed in a unit of the fixed surface, which can be produced by the pair of water-containing fixing compositions. Preferably, it is a constituent element. Thus, when the amount of bryophytes is minimal, the potential for one bryophyte plant is usually bryophytes: "crushed paper and Z or paper in a set of hydrous fixing compositions. Precursor and fine-grained soil "] (dry mass ratio) = 1:10 to 15: 1, preferably 1: 2 to 2: 1.

[0076] The kit for construction comprises two components of the above-mentioned composition for fixing with water ( _a ) (preferably the massive composition of (b)) and the moss plant of (c) at the construction site. This is a kit used to construct an immobilized surface.

 [0077] That is, when the permanent fixing surface is constructed at the construction site, the water-containing fixing composition (a), preferably the bulk composition (b) (usually a knock-packed permanent The hydrated fixation composition of the kit is removed from the pack and diluted with water to bring the concentration to an appropriate level for building the fixation surface), and the moss plant of (c) is mixed. The above-mentioned processes (1) [or (1) '] to (3) (process (A) [or (A)'] can also be performed by overlaying on a non-fluid uneven surface such as porous concrete or gravel surface. ) To construct a desired permanent surface.

[0078] In addition to the above ( _a ) to (c), the present construction kit may further include, if necessary, an adhesive material, a plant seed, a shower nozzle, or the like for constructing a permanent fixing surface. Other elements used for can be included.

[0079] With this construction kit, conventionally, a moss plant fixed product provided by a manufacturer as a base or the like with a certain standard has been used to improve the environment, and a surface on which a desired moss plant has been fixed freely at a construction site has been constructed. This has made it possible to improve the environment at the construction site. In addition, this construction kit allows moss plants to be separated and stored until just before construction. Can be used in good condition.

 Brief Description of Drawings

 FIG. 1 is a drawing showing an example of a method for constructing a permanent fixing surface using porous concrete.

 FIG. 2 is a drawing showing some examples of an object forming a permanent fixing surface.

 FIG. 3 is a drawing showing construction of a permanent fixing surface using gravel and pebbles.

 FIG. 4 is a drawing describing an application form of the fixed surface in which ground particles of sphagnum are fixed to the surface and the ground particles of sphagnum are formed as an uneven surface.

 FIG. 5 is a drawing showing an example of a permanent fixing surface on which a substrate to which ground particles of dried sphagnum moss or peat moss is adhered and fixed is provided as an object.

 FIG. 6 is a drawing showing an example of a usage state of a base provided with a permanent fixing surface at a construction site.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

FIG. 1 shows an example of a method for constructing a surface using porous concrete.

[0082] Fig. 1 (1) shows that one surface of the porous concrete 11 is preferably subjected to a water-containing fixing composition 12 (fine-graining treatment using a mixer or the like, and the present massive composition Is more preferably diluted with water). Next, the composition 12 is settled in a small hole of the porous concrete 11 by a water flow 13 (FIG. 1 (2)). Finally, the fixing composition 14 containing the moss plant and water is overlaid (FIG. 1 (3)), and is again pushed into the small hole by the water flow (not shown), and further dried. As a result, a permanent fixed surface in which moss plants are fixed on the porous concrete surface is created. After the seeds of the plant are placed on the surface of Fig. 1 (2), the fixed surface of the above-described mode in which the seeds of the plant are placed is formed on the porous concrete 11 in the stage of Fig. 1 (3). It is also possible.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1 (4), the moss plant 15 and the hydrate fixing composition 16 (such as a mixer) can be directly used without treating one surface of the porous concrete 11 ′ with the hydration fixing composition in advance. It is preferable that the fine-grained composition is subjected to a fine-graining treatment, and it is more preferable that the bulk composition is diluted with water). Press it into the small holes in the concrete 11 'and dry it. Thus, a permanent fixed surface in which moss plants are established on the surface is produced. In this case as well, after the plant seeds have been placed on the surface of the porous concrete 11 'in advance, the permanent fixed surface of the embodiment in which the plant seeds have been placed as described above in the stage of FIG. It can also be formed.

 When the object forming the permanent fixing surface is not limited to the porous concretes 11 and 11 ′, but is a block-type article, by providing a small convex portion on the surface forming the permanent fixing surface ( In a case where the blocks provided with the permanent fixing surface are stored in an overlapping manner, it is possible to prevent the part of the permanent fixing surface from deteriorating due to the weight of other blocks.

 FIG. 2 is a drawing (longitudinal sectional view) showing several examples of the object forming the permanent fixing surface. Fig. 2 (1) (2) shows an object as a plate 21 made of styrofoam etc., after which cutting parts 22 are provided on the top and side surfaces of the plate with a cutting tool, etc. An example is shown in which a fixing composition 23 containing water and water is formed as an upper layer and the main fixing surface is formed through the above-described steps. In this case, it is preferable to provide one or more through holes 24 as drains for draining excess water on the upper surface to the outside.

 [0086] Fig. 2 (3) shows that an adhesive member such as a silicone-based adhesive is applied to the upper surface of the plate-like object 21 (having the drainage port 24), and is cured by brushing with a brush or the like. An example will be described in which the fixed surface 23 containing the moss plant and water is overlaid on the uneven surface 25 as the uneven surface, and the fixed surface is formed through the above-described steps.

 [0087] Fig. 2 (4) shows that a surface having a large number of projections 26 is formed by molding mortar, concrete, or the like, and this is used as an object 21 'having an uneven surface, on which moss plants and water are placed. An example is shown in which the fixing composition 23 contained therein is overlaid and the main fixing surface is formed through the above-described steps.

 FIG. 2 (5) shows that an adhesive member such as a silicone-based adhesive is applied to the upper surface of the plate-like object 21 (where the drain port 24 is provided) and is fluffed with a brush or the like. Before curing, a large number of small spherical members 26 such as gravel are placed and fixed to the surface of the adhesive member. Then, an example is shown in which this small spherical surface is formed as an uneven surface, and a fixing composition 23 containing moss plants and water is overlaid thereon, and the main fixing surface is formed through the above-described steps.

[0089] Fig. 2 (6) shows the above-described structure on the top and side surfaces of the plate-like object 21 (having the through-hole 24 '). The dried sphagnum moss or peat moss pulverized particles 27 are adhered and fixed by the above method, and the sphagnum moss peat moss surface or the peat moss surface is made uneven, and a fixing composition 23 containing moss plants and water is overlaid thereon, An example in which a permanent fixing surface is formed through the above-described steps is shown. The through hole 24 'is filled with dried sphagnum moss 27', through which water can be supplied from below to the moss plant on the fixed surface. Further, even through the dried sphagnum moss pulverized particles or peat moss on the side surface, water can be pumped down to the moss plant with a downward force, and water can be efficiently supplied to the moss plant.

 FIG. 3 is a drawing showing the construction of a permanent fixing surface using gravel and pebbles.

 [0091] Fig. 3 (1) is a drawing (longitudinal cross-sectional view) showing a permanent fixing surface in which unfixed gravel and pebbles are constructed as uneven surfaces. Gravel and pebbles 32 are spread over the base surface 31. A curb 310 is provided at an end of the base surface 31 as a side surface. From the top of the uneven surface formed by gravel and pebbles 32, from the ladle 231, it is preferable that the moss plant and the water-containing fixing composition 2 3 (fine-graining treatment by a mixer or the like is performed, and It is more preferable that the lump composition is diluted with water), and the tapping water 24 through a shower nozzle 241 is used to fill the gap between the gravel and the pebbles 32 with the fixing yarn and the like. The desired permanent fixing surface is constructed by pressing the product 23 in and fixing it, followed by drying. In the case of this embodiment, a relatively large one of the gravel and the pebbles 32 is preferably disposed in the vicinity of the curb 310 because the permanent fixing surface to be formed tends to jump up. In addition, it is also preferable to provide the protrusion 311 for preventing splashing on the curb 310 continuously or discontinuously along the longitudinal direction of the side surface.

 [0092] Fig. 3 (2) shows an example (vertical cross-sectional view) of the present fixed surface on a slope (a roof or the like) using 32 gravel or pebbles as an uneven surface. A side surface 310 ′ is provided along the lowest part of the base surface 31 ′ where the inclination is strong, and the side surface 310 ′ serves as a stopper for gravel and pebbles 32. Further, stopper plates 312 protrude at considerable intervals along the inclination of the base surface 31 ′, and these stopper plates 312 also serve as stoppers for gravel and pebbles 32. With such gravel or pebbles as an uneven surface, the moss plant and the hydrous fixing composition 23 are layered thereon, and the main fixing surface is formed through the above-described steps.

[0093] Figs. 3 (3) and (4) show that after solidifying the concrete based on the wire 332 assembled in a grid, An example is shown in which a concrete piece 331 manufactured by crushing this concrete is fixed by a grid-like wire 332, and a permanent plate (Fig. 3 (1)) is used as an object to construct a permanent fixing surface. . In the construction, the concrete fixed surface 331 is formed as an uneven surface, the moss plant and the composition 23 for fixing with water are layered thereon, and the fixed surface is formed through the steps described above. The main fixing surface of this embodiment has a feature that it can be bent to some extent by the grid-shaped wire 332.

 FIG. 3 (5) shows an example in which a permanent fixing surface is provided on a building material used as a roof material and provided with a plurality of concave grooves 34 adjacent to each other. In the concave groove 341, partition nets 3410 are provided at regular intervals along the longitudinal direction, and serve as stoppers for gravel and pebbles 32 disposed in the concave groove 341. With this gravel or pebbles as an uneven surface, the moss plant and the hydrous fixing composition 23 are layered thereon, and the final fixing surface is formed through the above-described steps. In the concave groove 342, a mortar 351 is spread all over the bottom, and a pebble 352 is fixed thereon so as to be embedded therein. The fixed surface is formed through the steps described above, with the 352 pebbles having a concave-convex surface, and a moss plant and the composition 23 for water-containing fixing thereon. Further, FIG. 3 (6) shows a “basket gravel” in which pebbles and gravel 32 are stored in a lattice-like basket-like container 36 as an object forming the permanent fixing surface. Also in this example, the fixed surface is formed through the above-described steps, with the moss plant and the water-containing fixing composition 23 overlying the pebbles and the gravel 32 as the uneven surface.

[0095] Fig. 4 is a drawing describing an application form of the fixed surface in which ground particles of sphagnum are fixed on the surface and the ground particles of sphagnum are formed as an uneven surface. A substrate (FIG. 4 (1)) in which sphagnum crushed particles 27 are adhered and fixed to the surface of a material 21 ′ having a specific gravity smaller than that of water, such as styrene foam, by the above-described means, is put into, for example, a mold 28, and The upper surface of this is made into an uneven surface, and the moss plant and the water-containing fixing composition 23 are poured over the ladle 231 to form an upper layer to form a permanent fixing surface (FIG. 4 (2)). Then, the water 29 is floated on the water 29 of the lake, and the water 29 is efficiently supplied to the moss plant 231 on the fixed surface through the crushed particles of dried sphagnum or peat moss. 231 is efficiently cured and elongated (Fig. 4 (3) (a)). It is possible to harvest the moss plant 231 at the base and also at the bottom (Fig. 4 (3) (b)), but to harvest the near-top portion 2321 using a clipper (Fig. 4 (3)). 3) (c)) Power It is preferable because repetitive curing is easy. In this way, it is possible to use the object provided with the fixed base as a substrate for curing moss plants.

 FIG. 5 is a drawing showing an example of a permanent fixing surface provided with a substrate on which ground particles of dried sphagnum moss or peat moss are adhered and fixed as an object. In Fig. 5 (1), a permanent fixed surface on which moss plants are fixed is provided in the center of the upper surface of the base, and the ground particles 421 of the dried sphagnum moss or peat moss are provided on the peripheral part 421 and the side part 422 of the base. The base 40, which is adhered and fixed, is shown. The base 40 is, for example, firstly 1) provided with an uneven surface portion in a rectangular area in the center of the base upper surface (for example, cutting the base surface, applying a silicone adhesive, etc., and fuzzing it with a brush or the like and curing it. ), On which a hydrated plant-containing composition for immobilization is layered, and immobilization is carried out by the above-mentioned means. Next, 2) it can be easily manufactured by bonding and fixing the pulverized particles of dried sphagnum moss or peat moss to other parts by the above-mentioned means. At the base 40, the water around the base is sucked up by crushed particles of dried sphagnum moss or peat moss, and water is efficiently supplied to the moss plants on the permanent fixed surface 41 at the center of the upper surface of the base, and the moss is cured. It is suitable. Even if the ground particles of dried sphagnum moss or peat moss are not adhered and fixed to the side surface of the base like the base 40 ', if the thickness of the base is thin (about 2 cm), depending on the material of the base ( Wood, styrofoam, etc.), the surrounding water is supplied to the upper surface of the base, and the water is easily supplied to the main fixed surface 41 ′ provided on the upper surface by the dried particles of sphagnum moss or peat moss 421 ′ adhered and fixed to the upper surface of the base Can be supplied to

 [0097] Fig. 6 is a drawing showing an example of a use mode of a base provided with a permanent fixing surface at a construction site.

[0098] For example, a water-containing fixing composition 23 containing a moss plant is poured over a top surface of a concrete base (porous concrete or the like) 51 having irregularities on the surface from a ladle 231 to form a base 50. . Next, the base 50 is fixed on the slope 52 with concrete milk or the like. This is sequentially repeated, and when a considerable number of the bases 50 are fixed on the slope 52 adjacent to each other, the water flow 24 through the shower nozzle 241 is discharged toward the plurality of bases 50 equally. Due to the water pressure, the fixing composition is fixed on the irregularities of the concrete base. Next, by drying this construction surface, the permanent fixing surface on the slope 52 is provided. Construction can be completed. In the above process, before the water discharge, the individual bases 50 tend to appear to be constructed independently (Fig. 6 (2)). Objects can fuse together and look like a single broad base (Fig. 6 (3)).

 Example

 [0099] Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described.

 [0100] Main configuration ffl kit Π)

 (1) 38 pieces of cut newspaper (dry weight: 740 g) were put in 6 L of water and kneaded thoroughly using a kneader. Of the 6740 g of the kneaded material, 1776 g (equivalent to 195 g dry weight of newsprint) Into a separate container, and put it in a fine-grained soil (granular culture soil for paddy rice seedlings, which is fine-grained with a mixer). Microscopic observation of this fine-grained soil shows that the number of soil particles About 70% of the particles were smaller than 10 μm, about 20% were smaller than 10-30 μm, and about 10% were 30-50 μm. The power was also negligible and the frequency was negligible.) 240 g and 1 L of water were mixed and kneaded sufficiently using a kneader. This kneaded material (water-containing fixing composition) is thoroughly drained (total mass about 1500 g), one is packed in a normal plastic bag and sealed (kneaded material pack 1), and the other is a vacuum package for food Vacuum packing was performed using the equipment (kneaded material pack 2).

 [0101] (2) Moss plant 162.5 g (dry mass) [Snagoke: Haigoke = 7: 3 (mass ratio)] was placed in a plastic bag and sealed. Two sets of packs of this moss plant were prepared.

 [0102] The kneaded material pack 1 of the above (1) and the moss plant pack (kit 1) of (2), the kneaded material pack 2 and the moss plant pack 2 (kit 2) were respectively tied with a set ladder (rubber string). ) And stored indoors for 3 weeks (20 ° C, dry type humidity is about 55%), and then the following fixed surface was constructed.

 [0103] The structure of the table 商

Units of commercially available porous concrete block, as a set, such as the sum of the upper surface when placed on flat ground by adjacent of about lm ^2, and two sets prepared.

[0104] Kits 1 and 2 described above were each opened. As a result, an unpleasant odor was observed in the kneaded product of Kit 1. On the other hand, no noticeable smell was observed in the kneaded material of Kit 2. As a result, the vacuum pack applied to the kneaded material of the kit 2 is useful for preventing generation of an offensive odor. It became clear.

 [0105] Each of the kneaded materials of Kits 1 and 2 was dissolved in 15 L of water pumped into a bucket, and the moss plants of each kit were mixed with this.

[0106] These diluents (the diluent of Kit 1 is referred to as diluent 1 and the diluent of Kit 2 is referred to as diluent 2) are swirled while vigorously stirring, and the porous liquid placed adjacent to a flat ground is placed. Top of concrete block The top of the ^two sets of lm was evenly poured. Next, the water stream of the shower nozzle hose connected to the tap of the tap water is brought into contact with the upper surface of the porous concrete group, and the solid matter in the diluents 1 and 2 is submerged in the small holes of the porous concrete. Was. At that time, the gap between adjacent porous concrete units that constitute the porous concrete block upper surface lm ² set is filled with the solids spreading horizontally, and the surface of the upper surface lm ² block is integrated. Looks like.

 [0107] As a result of allowing the porous concrete subjected to the above treatment to dry naturally, a porous concrete having a moss plant fixed on its surface was produced.

 [0108] The object 1 using porous concrete manufactured using the kit 1 and the object 2 manufactured using the kit 2 both dried and watered the fixed surface portion of the moss plant. Was a force that was completely dropped. Furthermore, when these blocks were left outdoors, the moss plants fixed on both grew to the same extent. In other words, it was clarified that the off-flavors observed in Kit 1 described above did not have a significant adverse effect on the fixing ability and the growth ability of the moss plant.

 [0109] Books ^! Construction of regular table rif 2

In the above example of porous concrete, before using Kit 2 above, dilute the kneaded material with the same content as the kneaded material of Kit 2 above by dissolving it in 18-20 L of water pumped into a bucket. A liquid was prepared, and the liquid was poured over porous concrete with a ladle, and then settled by the shower water flow described above. After that, before the surface of the porous concrete was dried, a pouring process using the above-described kit 2, a sedimentation process using a shower water flow, and a drying process were performed. As a result, an object was produced in which moss plants were fixed on the surface of porous concrete, and the moss plants did not fall off even after the surface was exposed to water flow. In this embodiment, the moss plant is more strongly It is considered that it is fixed to the cleat surface.

 [0110] Books ^! Building a regular rif 3

Provided gravel surfaces lm ² the two sets of paved gravel into the frame. On the other hand, on the gravel surface, the size of the gravel was arranged evenly (Gravel surface 1). On the other side of the gravel surface, relatively large gravel near the frame was arranged (cobble surface 2).

 [0111] On the above, the above-mentioned kit 2 was diluted and diluted in the above-described manner, washed over the gravel surface, and dried. As a result, the fixed surface on which the moss plants were fixed was similarly formed on the gravel surfaces 1 and 2, and the moss plants did not fall off even after the subsequent contact with water. In the vicinity of the frame of the gravel surface 1, slight uplift was observed due to the warpage of the paper fiber of the fixing composition.On the gravel surface 2, no such uplift was observed due to the large weight of the gravel. . In addition, such a jump can be prevented by providing a protrusion for preventing the jump along the frame.

 [0112] Structure of the quotation table 4

Two sets of lm ² gravel surfaces with crushed stones spread in the frame. On one crushed stone surface, the crushed stones were evenly sized (crushed stone surface 1). On the other side of the gravel surface, relatively large crushed stones were arranged near the frame (crushed stone surface 2).

 [0113] On top of these, the above-mentioned kit 2 was diluted and diluted in the above-described manner, washed over the gravel surface and dried. As a result, on the crushed stone surfaces 1 and 2, the immobilized surface on which the moss plants were similarly fixed was formed, and no dropout of the moss plants was observed even after the subsequent contact with water. In the vicinity of the frame on the crushed stone surface 1, a slight uplift was observed due to the warpage of the paper fibers of the fixing composition.The crushed stone surface 2 did not show such an uplift due to the weight of the large crushed stone. Was. In addition, such a jump can be prevented by providing a protrusion for preventing the jump along the frame.

 [0114] Books ^! Building a regular rif 5

A 2 cm-thick square Styrofoam plate lm ² is finely cut with a chisel on the entire upper surface of the lm ² and, optionally, a plurality of through holes with a diameter of about 8 mm are provided using a ironing iron as drain holes. Was. From this styrofoam plate, using the kit 2 described above, the permanent fixed surface was constructed in the same manner as in the step of construction 1. As a result, it is permanently fixed on the surface of Styrofoam. An object having the moss plant fixed with the composition was completed. When this Styrofoam object was floated on a pond, it stably floated, the whole plate was moistened, a certain amount of pond water was supplied to the moss plants, and the moss plants grew well. Was.

 [0115] Books ^! Construction of regular table rif 6

 The thickness of the Styrofoam plate in Construction 5 above was set to 3 cm, and the same permanent fixing surface as above was constructed and floated on the pond water.However, the Styrofoam plate itself was too thick and the pond water was not sufficiently No power was supplied to the plant.

 [0116] Therefore, a silicone-based adhesive was applied to the top and side surfaces of the styrofoam plate having a thickness of 3 cm, and pulverized dried sphagnum particles or peat moss was shaken in three stages from above ( The first is about 3 to 4 mm in size, the second is about 2 to 3 mm, and the third is about 1 to 2 mm of dried sphagnum particles), dried sphagnum particles or peat moss is densely adhered and fixed. A styrofoam plate was manufactured.

[0117] Then, the center part of the upper surface of the Styrofoam plate (0. 8m ² equivalent), was constructed the fixed surface have use of the kit 2. As a result, the fixed surface of the dried sphagnum moss particles or peat moss fixed as an uneven surface was established, and the fixed surface in contact with the dried sphagnum moss particles or peat moss was constructed.

 [0118] When this styrofoam base-like object was floated in a pond, the water in the pond became wet with pulverized particles of dry sphagnum moss or peat moss on the base side and outer periphery of the base, and the moss on the fixed surface of the fixed surface It was confirmed that water was being supplied to the plants. From these results, it is possible to efficiently supply external water to the fixed surface by bonding the ground particles of dried sphagnum moss or peat moss to the surface of the target object, and by using the pumping power of the sphagnum moss particles or peat moss. It was revealed. It should be noted that the dried sphagnum moss or peat moss has a very natural color, light brown, and can be given a natural color! Adhesive fixing to an object is one of the preferred embodiments.

 [0119] Books ^! Building a regular rif 7

In place of the porous concrete block used in the above “Construction 1”, 11 foam glass substrates of 30 cm × 30 cm and 3 cm thickness were arranged on a flat ground. For these foam glass substrates, Through the same steps as those of the above-mentioned "Construction 1", a permanent fixed surface (with kit 2) on which the moss plant was fixed was constructed on the foamed glass surface. The foam glass surface thus constructed looked like a single sheet. In addition, even if water was contacted with this fixed surface after the fact, moss plants did not fall off.

[0120] Books ^! Building a regular rif 8

the nonwoven fabric was cut into lm ^2, coating the water-based acrylic paint, from above, the particles or peat moss in the ground dried Ms. moss, sprinkle in three stages (first, the size of about 3 to 4 m m, For the second time, dry sphagnum particles or peat moss with a thickness of about 2 to 3 mm and the third time with l to 2 mm), and dry sphagnum particles or peat moss, make a nonwoven fabric that is tightly adhered and fixed.

 [0121] The above kit 2 was diluted with a diluent in the same manner as in the above-mentioned "construction 1", and the dried and fixed sphagnum moss particles or the peat moss with the adhesive-fixed surface itself as an uneven surface were dried over the gravel surface. I let it. As a result, a permanent surface on which the moss plants were fixed was formed on the nonwoven fabric surface, and even if the moss plants were subsequently brought into contact with water, the moss plants did not fall off.

 [0122] Main configuration ffl kit (2)

 (1) Preparation of bulk composition

 38 pieces of cut newspaper (dry weight: 740 g) were placed in 6 L of water and thoroughly kneaded using a kneader. Of the 6740 g of the kneaded material, 1776 g (equivalent to a dry weight of newsprint of 195 g) was separated into another. Take it out into a container and mix it with fine-grained soil (granular culture soil for paddy rice seedlings that has been fine-grained with a mixer. Microscopic observation of this fine-grained soil reveals that it is about 70% of the number of soil particles. S: Particles smaller than 10 μm, about 20% were smaller than 10-30 μm, and about 10% were 30-50 μm. The observed force was negligible.) 240 g and 1 L of water were mixed and kneaded sufficiently using a kneader. The kneaded material (water-containing fixing composition) was drained (total mass of about 1500 g: three sets were prepared)

[0123] Next, after wrapping the water-containing fixing composition in a cloth and draining the water, divide the pieces into pieces having a size of about 5 to: It was dried until water did not exude (water content: about 50% by mass: dried product 1). Drying is stopped when water oozes out when squeezed (moisture content: about 75% by mass: dry matter 2), and dryness is continued until the composition becomes whitish (moisture content about 15%: dry matter 3) Prepared]

[0124] Further, the dried products 1 to 3 were cut with a wire mesh having a mesh of about 5 to 10 mm, and finely fragmented to about 2 to 8 mm.

[0125] 700 g of each of the dried products 1 to 3 was weighed, packed in a pack, and subjected to autoclave sterilization at 121 to 123 ° C for 25 minutes. Each pack was taken out at about 97 to 80 ° C and temporarily sealed.

[0126] Next, after each of the temporarily sealed packs 1 to 3 was cooled to 40 to 20 ° C in the open air for 15 to 24 hours, the temporarily sealed packs 1 to 3 were put in a new pack as they were (double bag) Then, using a vacuum knocking device for food, the product was vacuum-packed to obtain test pieces 1 to 3 of the bulk composition.

[0127] (2) Kit configuration

 Separately from the test products 1 to 3 of the above-mentioned bulk composition, 162.5 g (dry mass) of a moss plant [Sago moss: Hi moss = 7: 3 (mass ratio)] were put in a plastic bag and sealed. Three sets of packs of this moss plant were prepared.

 [0128] The test product 1 of the bulk composition of the above (1) and the pack of the above moss plant (kit 3), the test product 2 of the bulk composition and the pack 2 of the above moss plant (kit 4) and the bulk After the test sample 3 of the composition and the pack of the above bryophytes (kit 5) were set (tied with rubber strings) and stored indoors for 5 weeks (30 ° C, dry humidity is about 55%) The following fixed surface was constructed

[0129] After 5 weeks, the contents of the test articles 3 to 5 of the bulk composition constituting each kit were visually observed, and it was found that test articles 1 and 3 showed no change. It turned black and was presumed to be due to the rapid proliferation of microorganisms.

 [0130] Incidentally, the same product as that of test sample 2 was separately prepared, and the blackened one after being left for a long time was taken out of the nozzle (at this time, it was accompanied by a strong off-odor), and was exposed to the open air. After being exposed for 24 hours, the blackening had disappeared and had returned to earth color. However, the off-flavor was not completely eliminated.

 [0131] Books ^! Building a regular rif 9

Units of commercially available porous concrete block, as a set, such as the sum of the upper surface when placed on flat ground by adjacent of about lm ^2, and 3 set prepared. [0132] Kits 3 to 5 were each opened. As a result, the test articles 3 and 5 constituting the kits 3 and 5 showed no particular odor. On the other hand, in Test item 4 of Kit 4, in which black discoloration was observed, an intense off-flavor was recognized that was painful to work. This result indicates that, in the test sample 2 containing excessive moisture, the individual small fragments constituting the bulk composition fuse during the process of packing and storing, and the It is considered that the voids disappear, which means that the autoclave treatment described above increases the probability that the anaerobic microorganisms inside the composition survive. It is presumed that considerable sterilization time (presumably 12 to 24 hours is necessary) is required to perform sufficient sterilization in this state. The above-mentioned kneaded material pack 2 was similarly sterilized by autoclaving at 121 to 123 ° C for 25 minutes and stored under the same conditions as kits 3 to 5 for 5 weeks. The entire surface of the kneaded mixture was black, and when opened, a strong off-flavor was observed.

 [0133] Each of the test items 3 to 5 of the kits 3 to 5 was dissolved in 18 to 20 L of water pumped into a bucket, and an attempt was made to mix the moss plants of each kit with this. . Specimens 3 and 4 were capable of quickly dissolving compared to kneaded material pack 2 described above. It was finally dissolved by grinding in water. Therefore, it was recognized that as the color becomes whitish, the bulk composition prepared by drying tends to be more difficult to dilute into water when constructing the fixed surface.

[0134] These diluents (the diluent of the kit 3 is referred to as diluent 3 and! ヽ! ヽ, the diluent of the kit 4 is referred to as diluent 4, and the diluent of the kit 5 is referred to as diluent 5) are each stirred. The top of the porous concrete block placed adjacent to the flat ground was spilled evenly on the upper surface of ^two sets of lm. Next, the water stream of the shower nozzle type hose connected to the tap of the tap water is brought into contact with the upper surface of these porous concrete groups, and the solid matter in the diluents 3 to 5 sinks into the small holes of the porous concrete. I didn't. At that time, the gap between adjacent porous concrete units constituting the top 1 m ² set of the porous concrete block spreads horizontally to fill the gap, so that the top surface lm ² integrated with the surface is integrated. It looked like a block.

[0135] As a result of allowing the porous concrete subjected to the above treatment to dry naturally, moss planting was performed on its surface. Porous concrete with fixed objects was produced.

 [0136] The objects 3 to 5 using the porous concrete manufactured using the kits 3 to 5 did not drop any moss plant even if the fixed surface portion was watered after drying. Powerful. In addition, when these blocks were left outdoors, the moss plants that had fixed both grew approximately the same. That is, it was found that the off-flavor and blackening caused by microorganisms observed in Kit 4 described above did not significantly affect the fixation ability and growth ability of the moss plant.

 [0137] Books ^! Structure of rif

 In the above example of porous concrete, before using Kit 3 above, dilute the kneaded material with the same content as the above-mentioned kneaded material of Kit 3 in 15 L of water pumped into a bucket. After being prepared and poured over porous concrete with a ladle, the sedimentation treatment by the above shower water flow was performed. Thereafter, before the surface of the porous concrete was dried, the pouring treatment using the above-described kit 3, the sedimentation treatment with a shower water flow, and the drying treatment were performed. As a result, a target was produced in which moss plants were fixed on the surface of porous concrete, and the moss plants did not fall off even after the subsequent contact of the surface with the water flow. In this embodiment, it is considered that the moss plant is firmly fixed to the surface of the porous concrete, more than the example of the construction 8 described above.

 [0138] The structure of the table quota U

Provided gravel surfaces lm ² the two sets of paved gravel into the frame. On the other hand, on the gravel surface, the size of the gravel was arranged evenly (Gravel surface 3). On the other side of the gravel surface, relatively large gravel near the frame was arranged (cobble surface 4).

[0139] On these, the above-mentioned kit 3 was diluted and diluted in the above-described manner, washed over the gravel surface, and dried. As a result, the fixed surface on which the moss plants were fixed was similarly formed on the gravel surfaces 3 and 4, and the moss plants did not fall off even after the subsequent contact with water. In the vicinity of the frame of the gravel surface 1, slight uplift was observed due to the warpage of the paper fiber of the fixing composition.On the gravel surface 2, no such uplift was observed due to the large weight of the gravel. . In addition, such a jump can be prevented by providing a protrusion for preventing the jump along the frame. [0140] Books ^! Structure of rif

The gravel surface 1m ² paved the frame stone provided two sets in the frame. On one crushed stone surface, the crushed stones were evenly sized (crushed stone surface 3). On the other side of the gravel surface, relatively large crushed stones were arranged near the frame (crushed stone surface 4).

 [0141] On these, the above-mentioned kit 3 was diluted and liquefied in the same manner as described above, washed over the gravel surface and dried. As a result, on the crushed stone surfaces 3 and 4, similarly, a permanent fixed surface on which moss plants were fixed was formed, and no dropout of moss plants was observed even after the subsequent contact with water. In the vicinity of the frame on the crushed stone surface 3, a slight uplift was observed due to the warpage of the paper fibers of the fixing composition.The crushed stone surface 4 did not show such an uplift due to the weight of the large crushed stone. Was. In addition, such a jump can be prevented by providing a protrusion for preventing the jump along the frame.

 [0142] The structure of the quotation table 商 3

 A 2 cm-thick square Styrofoam plate (π) was finely scratched with a chisel on the entire surface of the ΙπΙ, and several through holes with a diameter of about 8 mm were optionally provided as drainage holes using a ironing iron. . From this styrofoam plate, the fixed surface was constructed using Kit 3 described above in the same manner as in the construction 8 step. As a result, an object having the moss plant fixed on the surface of the polystyrene foam with the fixing composition was completed. When this Styrofoam object was floated on a pond, it stably floated, the whole plate was moistened, a certain amount of pond water was supplied to the moss plants, and the moss plants grew well. Was.

 [0143] Books ^! Structure of rif

 The thickness of the Styrofoam plate in Construction 13 above was set to 3 cm, and the same permanent fixing surface as above was constructed and floated in the pond water.However, the Styrofoam plate itself was too thick, and the pond water was not sufficiently moist. No power was supplied to the plant.

[0144] Therefore, a silicone-based adhesive was applied to the top and side surfaces of the styrofoam plate having a thickness of 3 cm, and from above, pulverized dried sphagnum particles or peat moss was shaken in three stages ( The first time is about 3 to 4 mm in size, the second time is about 2 to 3 mm, and the third time is about 1 to 2 mm of dried sphagnum particles or peat moss), dried sphagnum particles or peat mosca, tightly adhered and fixed Styrofoam plates were manufactured. [0145] Then, the center part of the upper surface of the Styrofoam plate (0. 8m ² equivalent), was constructed the fixed surface have use the kit 3. As a result, the fixed surface of the dried sphagnum moss particles or peat moss fixed as an uneven surface was established, and the fixed surface in contact with the dried sphagnum moss particles or peat moss was constructed.

 [0146] When this styrofoam base-like object was floated on a pond, the water of the pond turned into a wet state with crushed particles of dried sphagnum moss or peat moss on the base side and the outer periphery of the upper surface, and the moss on the fixed surface It was confirmed that water was being supplied to the plants. From this result, it is clear that by adhering the ground particles of dried sphagnum moss or peat moss to the surface of the object, the external water can be efficiently supplied to the main surface due to the pumping power of the sphagnum particles. Was. The dried sphagnum crushed product or peat moss is a light brown color with a very natural color, and it should be adhered and fixed to the object in that it can impart a natural color to the object. Is mentioned as one of preferred embodiments.

 [0147] The structure of the quotation table # 5

 Instead of the porous concrete block used in the above “Construction 9”, 11 foam glass substrates of 30 cm × 30 cm and 3 cm thickness were arranged on a flat ground. On this foamed glass substrate, a permanent surface (with kit 3) on which the moss plants were fixed was constructed on the foamed glass surface by the same process as the above-mentioned process of “construction 9”. The foam glass surface thus constructed looked like a single sheet. In addition, even if water was contacted with this fixed surface after the fact, moss plants did not fall off.

 [0148] Construction of the fixed surface 16

the nonwoven fabric was cut into lm ^2, coating the water-based acrylic paint, from above, the particles or peat moss in the ground dried Ms. moss, sprinkle in three stages (first, the size of about 3 to 4 m m, For the second time, dry sphagnum particles or peat moss with a thickness of about 2 to 3 mm and the third time with l to 2 mm), and dry sphagnum particles or peat moss, make a nonwoven fabric that is tightly adhered and fixed.

[0149] The above kit 3 was diluted with a diluent in the same manner as in the above-mentioned "construction 9", and the dried and fixed sphagnum moss particles or the peat moss adhesion-fixed surface itself was made an uneven surface, and was poured over the gravel surface and dried. I let it. As a result, a permanent fixed surface with the moss plant fixed on the nonwoven fabric surface is formed, Even after contact with water, the moss plants did not fall off even after contact.

Industrial applicability

 According to the present invention, a moss plant-fixed surface, an object having the surface, a kit for constructing the surface, and the like, and a massive composition suitable for constructing the surface are provided. You.

Claims

Claims [1] Moss plant power A surface on which a moss plant is fixed, which is fixed in contact with a) or b) below. a) Non-fluid textured surface b) Composition containing ground paper and Z or paper precursor and soil fines consisting essentially of clay and Z or silt soil [2] 2. The surface according to claim 1, wherein the uneven surface is a porous concrete surface, a concrete surface provided with unevenness, a mortar surface provided with unevenness, a tuff surface, a gravel surface, a pebble surface, or a porous base surface made of glass. [3] The surface having the moss plant immobilized thereon according to claim 1 or 2, which is constructed by the following steps (1) to (3).

 (1) A mixture of crushed paper and Z or paper precursor, substantially clay and Z or silt fine soil and water-containing composition, and a mixture of moss A process of forming an upper layer on the surface.

 (2) a step of pressing the upper layer into the uneven surface to bring the composition into close contact with the uneven portion, and exposing the moss plants in the composition to the surface.

 (3) Step of drying the surface obtained in (2).

 4. The surface on which the moss plant is fixed according to claim 3, wherein the pushing of the upper layer onto the uneven surface in the step (2) is performed by applying a water pressure to the upper layer.

 [5] Prior to the step (1), “a composition containing ground paper and Z or a paper precursor, substantially clay and a soil fine material of Z or silt soil strength, and water” A step (A) is performed in which the upper layer is overlaid on the non-fluid uneven surface, and the upper layer is pressed into the uneven surface, and the thread and the material are brought into close contact with the uneven portion. The moss plant-immobilized surface according to claim 3 or 4, which is constructed by performing the following steps (1) and (2) in a state where the moss is in a closed state.

 6. The surface on which the moss plant is fixed according to claim 5, wherein the pushing of the upper layer onto the uneven surface in the step (A) is performed by applying a water pressure to the upper layer.

[7] On the surface on which the moss plant is fixed, a plant seed is arranged on a non-fluid uneven surface, and thereafter, the step (1) and the following steps are performed to construct the moss. 3-6 The surface on which the moss plant described on the surface is fixed.

 [8] A “composition containing ground paper and Z or a paper precursor, substantially clay and soil fine material of Z or silt soil strength, and water” used for construction of the surface is internally provided. Diluted in water `` a ground composition consisting of ground paper and Z or a paper precursor, substantially clay and Z or silt soil, and a bulk composition containing water, '' in which voids are provided in a network. The surface according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein the surface is a mixture of an aqueous composition and a moss plant.

 [9] The mass composition is an aggregate of minute masses of “a composition containing ground paper and Z or a paper precursor, a soil fine substance substantially consisting of clay and Z or silt soil, and water”. 9. The surface according to claim 8, wherein:

10. The surface according to claim 8, wherein the bulk composition is kept in a sealed state.

 11. The surface according to claim 10, wherein the mass composition is subjected to a sterilization treatment.

12. The surface according to claim 11, wherein the sterilization is heat sterilization.

[13] An object having the surface according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

14. The object according to claim 13, wherein the object is a plate-shaped member or a sheet-shaped member.

15. The object according to claim 13, wherein the material of the object is concrete or styrene foam.

 [16] Pulverized dried sphagnum particles or peat moss is fixed on all or a part of the object other than the surface, and the fixed part of the dried sphagnum particles is in contact with the surface. The object according to claim 15, wherein

[17] In the object, the fixation of the particles of the dried sphagnum particles is not

17. The object according to claim 16, wherein the step is carried out stepwise to the establishment of small sphagnum particles or peat moss.

 [18] A bulk composition containing ground paper and Z or paper precursor, clay and substantially Z or silt soil, and water, in which voids are completely provided inside, and water.

[19] The mass according to claim 18, wherein the mass composition is maintained in a sealed state. Composition.

 [20] The surface according to claim 19, wherein the bulk composition is subjected to a sterilization treatment.

21. The surface according to claim 20, wherein the sterilization treatment is a heat sterilization treatment.

[22] A composition comprising "a composition containing ground paper and Z or a paper precursor, a soil fine substance substantially consisting of clay and Z or silt soil, and water", and a moss plant as a component. A construction kit for constructing the surface according to any one of 1 to 17.

[23] In the construction kit, the "composition containing crushed paper and Z or paper precursor, substantially clay and soil fine material which also becomes Z or silt soil power, and water" is described in claims 18 to 23. The construction kit according to claim 22, wherein the composition is the bulk composition according to any one of claims 21 to 21.