CN109914437A - A kind of side slope protection and method for recovering vegetation - Google Patents
A kind of side slope protection and method for recovering vegetation Download PDFInfo
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- CN109914437A CN109914437A CN201910098163.0A CN201910098163A CN109914437A CN 109914437 A CN109914437 A CN 109914437A CN 201910098163 A CN201910098163 A CN 201910098163A CN 109914437 A CN109914437 A CN 109914437A
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- side slope
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- slope protection
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Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of side slope protection and method for recovering vegetation, using two layers of fibre structure, respectively bottom and surface layer；The bottom includes heat treatment wood-fibred and bioadhesive；The surface layer includes heat treatment wood-fibred and artificial interlocking fibers.The bottom and the thickness of surface layer ratio are 1:1-2.The bottom with a thickness of 3-4mm；The surface layer with a thickness of 4-6mm.Using the method, after construction two hours, slope surface can resist washing away for moderate rain or heavy rain.Use the method that can guarantee revegetation with effective protection side slope.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to bank protecting method, it is related to that a kind of plant is difficult to the soil environment grown and the abrupt slope of area of heavy rainfull is anti-
Shield and method for recovering vegetation, and in particular to slag stockyard, rubble stockyard, repair the roads take under the soil environments such as Tu Chang and also frequently by
The side slope protection in the severe area of the side slope protection and method for recovering vegetation that heavy rain washes away, especially outlying district natural conditions, belongs to
In environmental protection technical field.
Background technique
The bank protecting method of early stage generally comprises following methods: a kind of method is that vegetable seeds is directly sowed in side slope.This
Kind of mode is generally adapted the gradient compared with slow, edaphic condition is relatively good, and natural conditions also relatively good side slope protection.Another kind side
Method is first to cover one layer of soil moved in improve the original in side slope, vegetable seeds is sowed on the basis of soil moved in improve the original, in this case, generally directed to original
Soil layer is barren but area that soil moved in improve the original is resourceful, if in soil resource inherently barrenr outlying district, such as newly
Boundary, Tibet or mountain area etc. there is a problem of taking native inconvenience, can not implement above scheme just as edaphic condition is poor.On if
The technical application area severe in natural conditions, such as the area of regular heavy rain weather are stated, there are rainwater to wash away side slope rapidly
The problem of and rainwater the problem of should not retaining, the technology of these early stages is obviously difficult to effective protection side slope.
Therefore, for the serious side slope of degenerating, such as slag stockyard, rubble stockyard, repairing the roads takes Tu Chang, restores difficulty very
Greatly.These side slope original soils are degenerated seriously, and slag stockyard gap is more, and side slope amount containing soil is few, and water holding capacity is very poor；Rubble stockyard, side
Slope is based on rubble, and amount containing soil is few, and soil property is poor, and nutrient content is low, the more difficult growth of plant；It repairs the roads and takes the side slope topsoil of Tu Chang
It is scooped away, the exposed raw-soil, water content, air porosity, N-P-K content etc. are all very low, and plant is difficult to take root, grow.It adopts
Restore side slope with commonsense method, seed is difficult to grow, and soil moved in improve the original resource is inherently barren, and therefore, it is difficult to the sides using covering soil moved in improve the original
Method, moreover, even if the method for the long distance transportation soil using valuableness, is also difficult to carry out from the point of view of cost certainly,
These remote districts and mountain area, heavy rain is frequent, and the native soil layer below soil moved in improve the original is not easy in conjunction with soil moved in improve the original again, such as metalling, because
This heavy rain is very easy to wash away vegetable seeds and soil moved in improve the original etc., it is difficult to obtain effective revegetation effect.Germination, life
Root grows up and needs certain growth cycle, and under this rugged environment, survival rate is very low.Not with bulkhead tech
Disconnected development, the side slope poor for Soil nutritional condition use after mixing vegetable seeds and fiber, fertilizer, water-retaining agent etc.
It is covered on the guard technology based on soil improvement on side slope surface.This method can be provided to seed or plant growth
Certain nutrition overcomes the problem of original soil lacks nutrition, achieves preferable effect.But for rainy and arid side
Remote area or the more severe mountain area of natural conditions, because side slope original soil soil property is barren and more rubble distributions, soil improvement layer
It is difficult in connection, soil improvement layer is very easy to is lost by frequent rain drop erosion, and the soil improvement layer being constantly lost is aobvious
The objective condition of seed growth needs can not be so formed, plant life itself is difficult to, it is more difficult to reach plant required by slope protection
Capped rate, survival rate.
Patent CN201710979086.0 provides a kind of LP blades fiber and sows grass seeds by duster agent and its preparation method and application, open
LP blades fiber is sowed grass seeds by duster agent, by weight includes following components: 65~90 parts of wood-fibred, 2~5 parts of water-retaining agent, it is artificial mutually
10~20 parts of fiber of lock, 5~10 parts of high molecular polymer, 5~10 parts of granule pores base, 1~3 part of attapulgite, chitosan 1~
3 parts, 1~3 part of adhesive, 1~3 part of kaolin and 1~2 part of coloring agent.The technical solution, which has continued, uses fiber as soil
Improvement primary raw material substitution soil moved in improve the original layer and increase the thinkings of various nutritional factors, but disclosed technical solution shows and is still
For the slope protection plan of common side slope, it is therefore an objective to which side slope preferable for soil property obtains good germination into level ground effect, good
LP blades validity and up to 18 months lasting periods.Because increasing multiple nutritional components, be conducive to the growth of plant, because
This, for extremely needing seed growth good environment, it is clear that be very favorable.Seed under the cultivation of nutriment,
The faster speed of growth can be obtained, preferable protection effect and faster speed are advantageously formed.But for area of heavy rainfull
Slag stockyard, rubble stockyard, repairing the roads takes Tu Chang etc. to degenerate for serious side slope, especially the biggish side slope of slope steepness and
Speech, nutriment are no doubt important.How to prevent from washing away and is only plant and can obtain better growth machine meeting and how allow root system
The biggest problem that native soil layer realizes better protection effect is sufficiently grown and penetrates, it is original to have additional nutrients to increase plant growth
Thinking obviously cannot solve the above problems.
Patent CN201710321589.9 provides a kind of soil conditioner and its preparation method and application, soil conditioner
Including following components: wood-fibred, charcoal, humus, polysaccharide, algae essence, Trichoderma, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, mushroom residue, carboxymethyl shell
Glycan, biochemical fulvic acid sodium, diatomite, conch meal and composite bacillus.By reading the patent specification, we can be with
Find out, the technical solution is obviously or using eutrophic thinking, it is clear that eutrophic resolving ideas has become excellent in industry
The problem of technical solution and directionality for first applying, the technical staff of the industry are obviously more likely to research and how to have additional nutrients
Increase protection effect, it is clear that be effective for the common preferable side slope of soil property, but there are still above-mentioned technical proposals
Common problem, though the effect of the physicochemical property for the soil that has some improvement, is applied to slag stockyard, the scree of area of heavy rainfull
Field, repairing the roads takes in the serious slope greening of the degeneration such as Tu Chang, can not obtain corresponding improved effect, also be directed to without providing
Solution and resolving ideas under the conditions of bad environments.
Patent CN201610229576.4 provides a kind of landfill slopes antiscour ecological afforestation mask and its construction
Method, it is fixed on landfill slopes to be covered with geomembrane, it is fixed on the geomembrane to be covered with three V dimensional pad, described three
The mixture of greening seed and the soil body is equipped in dimension geotechnique's pad.The construction method of the ecological afforestation mask is also disclosed simultaneously.
Solving the cultivated soil body of planting in the unsuitable plant growth of the refuse landfill high pollution soil body and side slope cannot maintain and can not be formed
The problem of green ecological slope protection.The present invention solves the refuse landfill high pollution soil body and is not suitable in plant growth and side slope
It ploughs and plants the problem of soil body cannot maintain and can not form green ecological slope protection；Geomembrane isolation the pollution soil body, three V dimensional pulvilliform
Cheng Gengzhi soil supporting course, to provide the healthy soil environment of a root growth to plant.But the health soil environment is only that
Soil moved in improve the original layer, the invention are grown in the soil moved in improve the original of landfill using the geomembrane isolation pollution soil body, plant, and technical way makes to pass through
The isolation pollution soil body, but without improvement original soil body, it is also not carried out soil moved in improve the original layer and the infiltration of native soil layer and merges, this solution party
Case continues to use traditional methods substantially, that is, the method for engineering science is formed with by earth structure conducive to plant growth
Condition, only this programme is used to completely cut off the soil of pollution sources, it is clear that under inherently barren environment, this scheme
There is no actual utility values, because inherently there is a serious shortage in the supply for nutritious soil horizon, it is difficult to find the high-quality soil of flood tide
Source, the transport soil of long range are obviously unfavorable for effective development of slope treatment work, it is clear that more without proposing or can have
Conducive to the solution and thinking of the slope treatment under complex environment.
Patent CN201610229589.1 provides a kind of ecological afforestation antiscour shore protection face and its construction method, by greening kind
Seed and the soil body are uniformly mixed and are filled into soil engineering bag, and geotechnological sack is sealed after the completion of filling, then the soil of mixture will be housed
Work bag is laid with and fixes along concrete revetment face, grows after a period of time, greening seed can root and pass through soil engineering bag,
Ecological afforestation antiscour mask is formed in concrete revetment face, solving the cultivated soil body of planting in existed concrete bridge channel revetment cannot tie up
Hold the problem of can not forming green ecological mask.The mixtures such as seed and the soil body that this method uses obviously do not have antiscour energy
Power, hence it is evident that be to provide the condition of existence to plant growth by soil engineering bag.Soil engineering bag keeps apart seed and side slope original soil, plants
Species can only be grown in the soil body in soil engineering bag；Obviously with the solution and thinking of patent CN201610229576.4
It is consistent, solving direction is nothing but, and subsoil cannot be using including pollution and cement layer, so only using valuable
The nutrient soil of value substitutes soil horizon.For this point, we have obviously obtained the sector for unserviceable bottom
Solution, it is apparent that the slope protection that can not be solved under all deficient natural environment of a variety of conditions is administered.
Patent CN201410172502.2 provides the basalt fibre of powdery soil slope and polyvinyl alcohol is combined antiscour and prevented
Construction method is protected, including three layers of layered slope surface antiscour protection using silt, basalt fibre, modified polyvinylalcohol composite soil
Layer and its design and construction method, wherein surface layer protective layer: commonly sowing grass seeds by duster or alien earth sparging grass planting layer.Middle layer protective layer: silt,
The mixed layer of short basalt fiber, modified polyvinylalcohol containing plant nutrition liquid.Ground shield layer: silt, basalt long fiber
Mixed layer.Soil erosion phenomenon easily occurs under the conditions of rainfall erosion mainly for powdery soil slope, convenient, low cost of constructing
It is honest and clean.The patent is mainly for silt, and so-called silt refers to that particle is smaller, is easy under the edaphic condition of loss, in this soil
Under the conditions of, it is clear that it can prevent the loss of silt from just becoming a problem, therefore, the present invention obviously focuses on preventing silt
It is lost, on this problem, the mixed layer of bottom silt, basalt long fiber has been used, although the technology is without very clear
The usage amount for illustrating silt, but we or the gem-pure a large amount of uses for recognizing silt, rather than basalt fibre
A large amount of uses, the purpose of use of basalt fibre is still therefore to use long stapled methods to solidify silt,
Because long fibre more can effectively solidify silt, middle layer still uses silt, short basalt fiber, modified polyvinylalcohol,
Shorter fiber can be used on the basis of bottom is long stapled, then modified polyvinylalcohol has been used to be bonded, it is then right
Silt is solidified, and surface layer uses grass planting layer.Three protective layers described in this method, primarily directed to the soil property pine of powdery soil slope
Unstable situation is dissipated to be protected；So-called antiscour function only refers only to the losing issue to powder soil horizon, that is, powder
Soil layer is washed problem.Although solving showing for the antiscour of powder soil horizon grass planting layer to a certain extent from the angle of powder soil horizon
As, but it is not provided with the solution and thinking of grass planting layer antiscour itself.The technical issues of invention solves and invention
Purpose and effect are clearly to be directed under silt edaphic condition.But from the perspective of grass planting layer, basalt fibre, modified poly- second
The substances such as enol belong to industrial materials, and a large amount of use obviously is not beneficial to the growth of grass planting layer.From technical solution
It can also be seen that its thickness reaches tens centimetres, if it is preferable to obtain either edaphic condition in outlying district and mountain area
Still soil slightly almost is all difficult to realize, overall thinking, and a large amount of original is still utilized in so-called antiscour
There is soil to be solidified, that is, be equivalent to the function of realizing rubble side slope, only rubble has been not easy to be washed away
The problem of or original soil horizon be washed it is basic disappearance totally in the case where, the antiscour of original soil horizon
It is not problem, problem is how to be conducive to the plant of plant growth, especially well developed root system, effective growth of plant
Realize real side slope protection and greening, therefore, this patent obviously without propose for grass planting layer antiscour function and
Resolving ideas and enlightenment, it is clear that be using the technical solution of simple nutrition while solidifying silt, to of the invention special
The obvious reference of side slope protection under environment is little, and also not beneficial enlightenment, original bottom is difficult to through physics
Means carry out processing improvement, if it is possible to use, cost is obviously also huge obstacle.Especially allow the side of silt unity
Formula realizes anti-erosion, it is clear that is unfavorable for the growth of plant, growth and solution improvement layer and native soil layer two for vegetation root system
The phenomenon that layer skin and future improve layer and obviously bring obstacle with merging for native soil layer.
In summary analysis and technical solution, we are not difficult to obtain enlightenment, and those skilled in the art constantly pass through increase
The improvement layer of abundant nutrition realizes the improvement of side slope, and this point is obviously readily available for existing technical system
's.In addition technical staff is by the original soil horizon of improvement, for example increases soil bag, solidification silt, isolation pollution on cement
The mode of soil.But the use environment of above-mentioned technology is still limited, is still difficult to overcome applied by technical solution of the present invention and dislike
The protection of bad environment and barren soil condition side slope.Can not solve following problems: soil from far-off regions is deficient, transportation cost pole
It is high；Side slop's conditions are very poor, including a large amount of rubbles etc., and the cost that native soil layer is transformed is too high；Steepness is higher, the frequent scouring intensity of rainwater
Greatly；Rainwater is not easy to retain, and soil erosion is larger；The big larger problem of bring cost of soil improvement thickness degree, soil improvement layer are applied
It is very easy to the problem of being washed, frequently wash away in vegetation period after construction and be difficult to ensure vegetable seeds root system during work
The relatively low problem of the coverage rate and survival rate of growth and entirety.
The method soil improvement layer of the prior art, which needs to construct, just has certain erosion resistibility after the long period, in this phase
Interior heavy rainfall, which is washed away, to wash away most seed, soil moved in improve the original etc.；From seed to growing up to plant, then to forming a set pattern
Mould needs longer growth time；In in the meantime, the seed stayed in side slope is subjected to frequently washing away for rainfall, root system of plant
Slow growth, it is difficult to growth is taken root in the side slope of soil property difference, it is more difficult to form vegetation scale, the coverage of vegetation is difficult to reach
The demand of side slope protection；Using the prior art, since the soil property of side slope is poor, porosity, moisture content, nutritional ingredient etc. are all serious inclined
Low, root system of plant can not take root growth, and therefore, root system of plant can only be grown in the soil moved in improve the original layer of improvement；Improve soil and side slope
Original soil can not combine together, and form " two layers of skin " phenomenon, and the two can not combine together；Side slope can not be kept to be prevented for a long time
Shield.In conclusion the prior art can not be solved fundamentally, the slag stockyard of remote area of heavy rainfull, rubble stockyard, repairing the roads takes soil
The serious side slope of degeneration such as field improves Greening problem.
Summary of the invention
Against the above technical problems, inventor team experience has researched and developed a kind of side slope protection and revegetation side for many years
Method will reach following goal of the invention: being capable of side poor suitable for remote, edaphic condition and side slop's conditions and heavy rainfall environment
Slope protection, construction have preferable antiscour effect after 2 hours.Effective protection seed and nutriment are not washed, and are guaranteed
Quick growth of plant, high survival rate.Form slope protection and revegetation structure quickly, coverage reaches 70% or more.It effectively prevent
Nutriment is washed, and root system of plant, which is deep into the original soil of side slope, to be grown, and is avoided the formation of two layers of skin phenomenon, is further increased
Antiscour function.Native soil layer is penetrated by root system of plant, can effectively realize merging for soil improvement layer and native soil layer, effectively
Improve the soil property of side slope original soil.
To reach the purpose, the technical scheme is that
A kind of side slope protection and method for recovering vegetation, using two layers of fibre structure, respectively bottom and surface layer；The bottom includes
It is heat-treated wood-fibred and bioadhesive；The surface layer includes heat treatment wood-fibred and artificial interlocking fibers.
The bottom and the thickness of surface layer ratio are 1:1-2；Overall thickness is 6-10mm.
The bottom with a thickness of 3-4mm；The surface layer with a thickness of 4-6mm.
Heat treatment wood-fibred in the bottom and the heat treatment wood fiber length ratio in surface layer are 1-2:2-3.
The bottom: the mass percentage for being heat-treated wood-fibred is 78-85%.
The bottom further includes composite bacteria agent and organic fertilizer.
The weight of the bottom component are as follows: wood-fibred 75-85 parts of heat treatment, 1-7 parts of bioadhesive, compound
1-4 parts of microbial inoculum, 3-9 parts of organic fertilizer.
Heat treatment wood-fibred in the bottom is porous staple fiber, and long 1-2 ㎝, diameter 0.1-1 ㎜, length is 2 ㎝'s
Fiber content >=50%.
The surface layer: the mass percentage of heat treatment wood-fibred and artificial interlocking fibers mixture is 80-85%.
The heat treatment wood-fibred of the surface layer and the mass ratio of artificial interlocking fibers are 5-6:2-3.
The component of the surface layer further includes water-retaining agent, high molecular polymer, granule pores base.
The weight of the surface layer component are as follows: wood-fibred 70-90 parts of heat treatment, interlocking fibers 30-48 parts artificial, guarantor
4-6 parts of aqua, 12-15 parts of high molecular polymer, 3-7 parts of granule pores base.
Heat treatment wood-fibred in the surface layer: for porous long fibre, long 2-3 ㎝, diameter 0.1-1 ㎜, length is 3 ㎝'s
Fiber content >=50%.
Using the method, after construction two hours, slope surface can resist washing away for moderate rain or heavy rain.
After the method 1 year, the side slope original soil assimilation of surface layer, bottom and the 0-40cm depth sowed grass seeds by duster is integrated
Structure, hence it is evident that the soil property of improvement side slope original soil, after soil improvement, the soil organic matter content > 5% of side slope original soil, hole
50% or more degree, 10% or more water content, biologically effective N content > 140mg/kg, biologically effective P content > 60mg/kg, biology have
Imitate K content > 105mg/kg.
Compared with prior art, technical solution of the present invention has the advantages that
(1) center of gravity of inventive solution is not the transformation skill for the original subsoil that industry technical staff generally uses
Art, under remote and there is a serious shortage in the supply soil current conditions, at all can not side slope carry out Structural Engineering transformation, transportation cost is aobvious
It is so too high, it cannot effectively use at all in practical situations.In addition, the center of gravity of inventive solution is not art technology yet
The conventional use of eutrophy technology of personnel.The side slope scouring-resistance problem of essence of the present invention gone under thinking hard situation, how
So that side slope scouring-resistance is become the emphasis of solution, how to help quick growth of plant under the premise of antiscour, realizes from applying
The antiscour of soil improvement layer during work, after construction retains soil improvement layer, and being melted by the growth of root system of plant is one
Body.Namely the technology of antiscour effectively guarantees the antiscour problem in the whole life cycle of seed.
Side slope scouring-resistance performance can quickly be improved using the method for the present invention, can resist within slope surface 2 hours after sowing grass seeds by duster in arrive
Heavy rain washes away.Bilayer anti-impact brush configuration of the invention, surface layer sow grass seeds by duster matrix can be very good protection bottom sow grass seeds by duster matrix and
Vegetable seeds is not washed away by rainwater；It grows and is taken root in side slope original soil to the seed time enough sowed grass seeds by duster；Bottom is sowed grass seeds by duster
While matrix nutrition needed for being supplied to seed growth, air, moisture, it can be very good down to be seeped into side slope original soil, into
One step promotes Rapid development and the extension of root system of plant.This thinking and the solution of basalt fibre are entirely different, profound
Military technique for rock seed can only be grown on surface, and seed root system of the present invention can extend in side slope original soil；Point of basalt fibre
Mode for cloth is long short under fibre length, short upper long fibre layout type under the present invention uses, while it is easy to overcome plant fiber
The problem of being washed, using the proportion and specific composition structure of fiber of the present invention and other ingredients, root system of plant can be deep into
It is grown in the original soil of side slope 0-50cm depth.
It can fast quick-recovery side slope vegetation using the method for the present invention；Plant survival rate is high, and the vegetable seeds survived is after 28 days, side
Slope coverage reaches 70% or more, applies the organic fertilizer of equivalent, and vegetal cover degree is only 10-32%；After sowing vegetable seeds 28 days
Biomass reaches 0.65g/cm2More than, the organic fertilizer of equivalent is applied, phytomass is only 0.02-0.22 g/cm2。
Bilayer of the invention is sowed grass seeds by duster matrix, can in 1 year effectively under be seeped into 20-40cm in side slope original soil, the base sowed grass seeds by duster
The mellow soil structure that matter layer assimilates or is fused into one with side slope original soil, root system of plant are able to fast-growth, plant can be made in 1 year
Root system, which is deep into the original soil of side slope, to be grown.By being seeped under matrix of sowing grass seeds by duster in side slope original soil and root system of plant is deep into side slope
It is further fixed in original soil, to realize that infiltration type is improved, fundamentally avoids improvement soil and side slope original soil occurs " two layers
The separation problem of skin ".
(2) the method for the present invention is used, hypothallus of sowing grass seeds by duster can assimilate with side slope original soil to be structure as a whole, hence it is evident that improvement side slope
The soil property of original soil improves soil nutrient, improves side slope original soil.After soil improvement, the soil organic matter content of side slope original soil
> 5%, porosity 60% or so, water content 15% or so, biologically effective N content > 140mg/kg, biologically effective P content > 60mg/
Kg, biologically effective K content > 105mg/kg, soil texture are stablized.
(3) material of sowing grass seeds by duster that the method for the present invention uses can voluntarily decompose for 18 months, no pollution to the environment；At this point, plant
It can be very good to take root in side slope, grow, the long-term stabilization for keeping side slope vegetation.
Specific embodiment
A kind of side slope protection of embodiment 1 and method for recovering vegetation
A kind of side slope protection and method for recovering vegetation are sowed grass seeds by duster structure using double layer fibre:
First layer, i.e. bottom improve nutritive layer for soil, can the rapid aging raw-soil.
The second layer, i.e. surface layer are antiscour plant protection layer, quickly provide powerful antiscour coating, while providing satisfaction
The growing space of plant growth and nutrient.
The vegetable seeds of different proportion can be mixed into double-layer structure.
Fabric can directly be applied to barren soil-slope or massif, carry out quick soil improvement.
A kind of side slope protection of embodiment 2 and method for recovering vegetation
A kind of slope protection structure, including double-layer structure, respectively bottom and surface layer；
The matrix of sowing grass seeds by duster of bottom and surface layer:
(1) bottom is heat treatment wood-fibred layer, and the mass percentage of the heat treatment wood-fibred is 89%, other components content
It is 11%.
The raw material of the heat treatment wood-fibred layer, by weight, including following components: 89 parts of wood-fibred of heat treatment, sea
3 parts of algae extract, 2 parts of composite bacteria agent, 6 parts of humic acid；
The heat treatment wood-fibred: for porous staple fiber, long 1-2 ㎝, diameter 0.1-1 ㎜；The fiber content that length is 2 ㎝ >=
50%；The preparation method of the heat treatment wood-fibred: it is pyrolyzed and is formed under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions by bark, wood fragments etc.；The high temperature
Condition of high voltage: pressure is 340 kPas, and temperature is 195 DEG C.
The composite bacteria agent: for white, blue particle, about 0.5 ㎜ of partial size；By compound bacteria and matrix according to mass ratio about 1:
1 mixes；The compound bacteria by Trichoderma, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, actinomyces press 1:1:1(amount containing bacterium number ratio) match it is compound；It is described
Matrix is crosslinked bio polysaccharide polymer matrix.
The marine algae extract: for pale yellow powder；Main component is fucoidin, algal polysaccharides.
(2) surface layer is to be heat-treated wood-fibred and artificial interlocking fibers mixed layer, the heat treatment wood-fibred and artificial interlocking
Fiber uniformly mixes, and forms the mixture for mutually linking entanglement, the gross mass of the heat treatment wood-fibred and artificial interlocking fibers
Percentage composition is 83.3%；Wherein, the mass ratio for being heat-treated wood-fibred and artificial interlocking fibers is 16:7；
It is heat-treated the raw material of wood-fibred and artificial interlocking fibers mixed layer, by weight, including following components: heat treatment wood is fine
Tie up 80 parts, 35 parts of artificial interlocking fibers, 5 parts of water-retaining agent, 13 parts of high molecular polymer, 5 parts of granule pores base.
Heat treatment wood-fibred in the surface layer: for porous long fibre, long 1-2 ㎝, diameter 0.1-1 ㎜；Length is 2 ㎝'s
Fiber content >=50%；The heat treatment wood-fibred: it is pyrolyzed and is formed under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions by bark, wood fragments etc.；The high temperature
Condition of high voltage: pressure is 340 kPas, and temperature is 195 DEG C.
Artificial interlocking fibers 100% are biodegradable, increase physics tensile strength, and shorten the healing time after spraying；
High molecular polymer: 100% is nontoxic and pollution-free, optimizes water holding fertilizer-preserving ability, improves adhesiving effect；
The spatial stability and structural strength of fiber are improved, porosity is increased, can be kept while resisting rain drop erosion
More moisture promote plant growth.
Can be as needed, the vegetable seeds of different proportion is mixed into double-layer structure.
When sowing grass seeds by duster, it is 30-50g/ ㎡ that bottom and surface layer, which are mixed into the amount of seed,.
A kind of side slope protection technique and method for recovering vegetation, specifically include:
(1) method of sowing grass seeds by duster of bottom:
Step 1, slope surface carry out smooth, cleaning.Keep the gradient almost the same, without apparent recess, protrusion, slope surface is smooth up and down.
Step 2, Bovie Hydro-mulcher hydroseeder or hydraulic sprinkle machine using imported from America, to its storage tank
Interior plus 1/3 volume water.Open mixing pump and thoroughly cleaning pump and pipeline of prewetting.
Step 3 continues the matrix of sowing grass seeds by duster for slowly adding water that bottom is added simultaneously into hydroseeder storage tank, reaches and stores up in water level
At the top of water pot 75% before complete load.
Step 4 continues to add water to tank deck, and lift agitator to most high speed simultaneously continues to stir.Matrix of sowing grass seeds by duster must be filled with water
Divide mixing, mixing time should be not less than 10 minutes, so that the bioactive substance in material is sufficiently activated.
Step 5 blender is stirred to material is reduced to minimum speed, and 1000-1500 revs/min of engine speed；And pacify
Nozzle is filled, directly material is sowed grass seeds by duster to side slope raw-soil surface, is sowed grass seeds by duster with a thickness of 3-5mm or so.
(2) method of sowing grass seeds by duster of surface layer:
After the completion of bottom is sowed grass seeds by duster, surface layer is carried out above bottom and is sowed grass seeds by duster；Specific step is as follows:
Step 1 first impregnates vegetable seeds before seed is sowed grass seeds by duster, and sow grass seeds by duster material and vegetable seeds are added into hydroseeder.
Vegetable seeds usage amount is 30-40g/ ㎡.
When sowing grass seeds by duster, mixing grass-seed is sowed grass seeds by duster together with matrix of sowing grass seeds by duster, and the thickness control sowed grass seeds by duster is in 3-5mm or so.
It is step 2, above-mentioned material mechanical stirring is uniform, about need 30min.Ensure to implement after mixing to sow grass seeds by duster；Spray
Sowing time controls the revolving speed of hydroseeder in 70r/min hereinafter, adjustable rotational speed according to actual needs, the power 20kw of hydroseeder.
Step 3 after the completion of sowing grass seeds by duster, is covered in one day using non-woven fabrics；Compacting fixation is carried out using U-shaped iron nail.
Non-woven fabrics is that acrylic resin is primary raw material, every square meter thickness 20-30g or so.
Step 4, site clearing: finished jobs industry face, scene must not have the engineering material and tool of any abandonment, field of constructing
Ground contamination is disposed, and no construction rubbish is left.
After the completion of construction, the thickness ratio of the matrix of sowing grass seeds by duster of sow grass seeds by duster matrix and the surface layer of bottom is 1:1, overall thickness 6-
10mm。
The experiment of the multiplicity of a kind of side slope protection of embodiment 3 and method for recovering vegetation
It is identical with the method for embodiment 2, only change following factor, carries out embodiment 3-7；It is specific as follows:
It is tested, uses the method for embodiment 2-7 respectively in the gradient to implement in the rubble raw-soil side slope of H/L 2.5:1,2 hours
Afterwards, 127mm/h rainfall is simulated, is uniformly spread to slope surface, co-falling rain 8h；The turnover rate for detecting matrix of sowing grass seeds by duster, specifically see the table below:
As seen from the above table, embodiment 5 be preferred embodiment, bottom, surface layer sow grass seeds by duster matrix thickness than be preferably 1:1.5, bottom
The length for being heat-treated wood-fibred is 1-2cm, and the length that surface layer is heat-treated wood-fibred is 2-3cm, is heat-treated wood-fibred, sea in bottom
The mass ratio 75:7 of algae extract, the mass ratio of heat treatment wood-fibred and artificial interlocking fibers is 5:3 in surface layer.
A kind of side slope protection of embodiment 8 and method for recovering vegetation
A kind of slope protection structure, including double-layer structure, respectively bottom and surface layer；
The matrix of sowing grass seeds by duster of bottom and surface layer:
(1) bottom is heat treatment wood-fibred layer, and the mass percentage of the heat treatment wood-fibred is 78%, other components content
It is 22%.
The raw material of the heat treatment wood-fibred layer, by weight, including following components: 75 parts of wood-fibred of heat treatment, sea
7 parts of algae extract, 2 parts of composite bacteria agent, 6 parts of humic acid, 1 part of D-sorbitol solution, 2 parts of konjaku flour, 3 parts of tamarind seed polysaccharide glue.
Heat treatment wood-fibred in the bottom: for porous staple fiber, long 1-2 ㎝, diameter 0.1-1 ㎜；Length is 2 ㎝'s
Fiber content >=50%；It is 80%(percentage by volume containing porosity).The preparation method of the heat treatment wood-fibred: by bark, broken
Wood etc. are pyrolyzed under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions and are formed；The high-temperature and high-pressure conditions: pressure is 340 kPas, and temperature is 195 DEG C.
The composite bacteria agent: for white, blue particle, about 0.5 ㎜ of partial size；By compound bacteria and matrix according to mass ratio about 1:
1 mixes；The compound bacteria by Trichoderma, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, actinomyces press 1:1:1(amount containing bacterium number ratio) match it is compound；It is described
Matrix is crosslinked bio polysaccharide polymer matrix.
The marine algae extract: ingredient is fucoidin, algal polysaccharides weight proportion is 3:1.Marine algae extract is biology
Adhesive.
(2) surface layer is to be heat-treated wood-fibred and artificial interlocking fibers mixed layer, the heat treatment wood-fibred and artificial interlocking
Fiber mutually links entanglement, wherein the mass ratio of heat treatment wood-fibred and artificial interlocking fibers is 5:3；
It is heat-treated the raw material of wood-fibred and artificial interlocking fibers mixed layer, by weight, including following components: heat treatment wood is fine
Tie up 80 parts, 48 parts of artificial interlocking fibers, 5 parts of water-retaining agent, 13 parts of high molecular polymer, 5 parts of granule pores base, calcium-base bentonite 1
Part, 2 parts of graphene oxide, 2 parts of far-infared ceramic powder.
Heat treatment wood-fibred in the surface layer: for porous long fibre, long 2-3 ㎝, diameter 0.5-0.8 ㎜；Length is 3 ㎝
Fiber content >=50%；It is 84%(percentage by volume containing porosity).It is described heat treatment wood-fibred preparation method: by bark,
Wood fragments etc. are pyrolyzed formation under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions；High-temperature and high-pressure conditions: the high-temperature and high-pressure conditions: pressure is 352 kPas, temperature
Degree is 190 DEG C.
The artificial interlocking fibers: it is mixed according to the mass ratio of 5:4:1 by coconut husk extract with sodium alginate, seaweed glue molten
Solution spinning obtains；The length of artificial interlocking fibers is 0.5-1cm, diameter 0.05-0.1mm.
The granule pores base: by carbon black, floats, blast furnace slag, flyash, ammonium sulfate, sodium metasilicate according to 2:5:11:
5:7:4.
The water-retaining agent: it is mixed for L-fucose and sesbania gum according to the mass ratio of 3:5.
The high molecular polymer: for polypropylene fibre, length 0.2-0.7cm, fineness 8D.
Can be as needed, the vegetable seeds of different proportion is mixed into double-layer structure.
When sowing grass seeds by duster, the amount for the seed that bottom and surface layer are sowed grass seeds by duster is 30-50g/ ㎡.
A kind of side slope protection technique and method for recovering vegetation, specifically include:
(1) method of sowing grass seeds by duster of bottom:
Step 1, slope surface carry out smooth, cleaning.Keep the gradient almost the same, without apparent recess, protrusion, slope surface is smooth up and down.
Step 2, Bovie Hydro-mulcher hydroseeder or hydraulic sprinkle machine using imported from America, to its storage tank
Interior plus 1/3 volume water.Open mixing pump and thoroughly cleaning pump and pipeline of prewetting.
Step 3 continues slowly plus water is added bottom simultaneously and sows grass seeds by duster matrix into hydroseeder storage tank, reaches water storage in water level
It completes to load before the 75% of tank top.
Step 4 continues to add water to tank deck, and lift agitator to most high speed simultaneously continues to stir.Matrix of sowing grass seeds by duster must be filled with water
Divide mixing, mixing time should be not less than 10 minutes, so that the bioactive substance in material is sufficiently activated.
Step 5 blender is stirred to material is reduced to minimum speed, and 1000-1500 revs/min of engine speed；And pacify
Nozzle is filled, directly material is sowed grass seeds by duster to side slope raw-soil surface, is sowed grass seeds by duster with a thickness of 3-4mm.
Gradient H/L is the slope surface of 2:1, and the amount of sowing grass seeds by duster is 270 g/ ㎡；Gradient H/L is the slope surface of 2.5:1, and the amount of sowing grass seeds by duster is
310 g/㎡。
(2) method of sowing grass seeds by duster of surface layer:
After the completion of bottom is sowed grass seeds by duster, surface layer is carried out above bottom and is sowed grass seeds by duster；Specific step is as follows:
Step 1 first impregnates vegetable seeds before seed is sowed grass seeds by duster, and sow grass seeds by duster material and vegetable seeds are added into hydroseeder.
Vegetable seeds usage amount is 30-40g/ ㎡.
When sowing grass seeds by duster, mixing grass-seed is sowed grass seeds by duster together with matrix of sowing grass seeds by duster, and the thickness control sowed grass seeds by duster is in 4.5-6mm or so.
It is step 2, above-mentioned material mechanical stirring is uniform, about need 30min.Ensure to implement after mixing to sow grass seeds by duster；Spray
Sowing time controls the revolving speed of hydroseeder in 70r/min hereinafter, adjustable rotational speed according to actual needs, the power 20kw of hydroseeder.
Step 3 after the completion of sowing grass seeds by duster, is covered in one day using non-woven fabrics；Compacting fixation is carried out using U-shaped iron nail.
Non-woven fabrics is that acrylic resin is primary raw material, every square meter thickness 20-30g or so.
Step 4, site clearing: finished jobs industry face, scene must not have the engineering material and tool of any abandonment, field of constructing
Ground contamination is disposed, and no construction rubbish is left.
Gradient H/L is the slope surface of 2:1, and the amount of sowing grass seeds by duster is 380 g/ ㎡；Gradient H/L is the slope surface of 2.5:1, and the amount of sowing grass seeds by duster is
425 g/㎡。
After construction, it is 1:1.5, overall thickness 6-10mm that the substrates quantity of sowing grass seeds by duster of bottom and surface layer, which is respectively as follows: thickness ratio,.Bottom
The porosity of layer is 65%, and surface layer porosity is 78%.
The effect experiment of a kind of side slope protection of embodiment 9 and method for recovering vegetation
1, antiscour effect detection is tested:
Selecting a slope surface, the gradient is H/L 2.5:1, and slope surface is divided into 5 parts, it is respectively labeled as 5 groups, 5 groups of slope surfaces, condition one
It causes, nothing interferes with each other；5 groups in slopes are taken different disposal measure；It is specific as follows:
1st group of placement straw, cotton are covered；
The double net straw blankets of 2nd group of placement are covered；
3rd group of placement binder fibre matrix is covered；
The double net trying plane kilim carpets of 4th group of placement are covered；
5th group carries out side slope protection using the method for the present invention.
After above-mentioned 5 groups of measures have handled 2 hours, 127mm/h rainfall is simulated, is uniformly spread to slope surface；Monitoring is lost afterwards for 24 hours
The weight of silt takes mean value as soil loss amount, continuous monitoring 5 days.
Test result are as follows:
1st group: soil loss amount is 84647kg/ hectares；
2nd group: soil loss amount is 20203kg/ hectares；
3rd group: soil loss amount is 10015kg/ hectares；
4th group: soil loss amount is 6781kg/ hectares；
5th group: soil loss amount is 194kg/ hectares.
As it can be seen that the present invention can significantly reduce soil erosion, anti-impact brushing effects are good, can reduce soil loss amount 99.77%.
, slope vegetation restoration effect experiment:
Raw-soil side slope of the surface without vegetative coverage at one is selected, the gradient is H/L 2.5:1.Slope surface is divided into 2 of homalographic
Region.Be respectively adopted commercially available tradition sow grass seeds by duster matrix carry out revegetation, and using embodiment 8 method carry out revegetation.
1 year after the completion of construction, slope vegetation restoration situation is recorded, is specifically shown in Table 1.
Table 1
As seen from the above table, using the present invention to raw-soil side slope carry out revegetation 1 year after, matrix of sowing grass seeds by duster number of dropouts reduce to 5% with
Interior, plant survival rate is up to 93% or more, and for vegetative coverage up to 90% or more, vegetation average height reaches 40cm or more, and vegetation root system is average
Length reaches 30cm or more, and vegetation root system, which penetrates in the side slope raw-soil, to be grown.
Through detecting, 1 year after the completion of construction, side slope soil property is obviously improved, and detects the soil of slope surface or less 25-40cm soil layer
Character, concrete outcome are shown in Table 2；
Table 2
As seen from the above table, using 1 year after the completion of present invention construction, side slope soil property is significantly improved；Soil organic matter content reaches
To 5% or more, porosity 60% or so, water content 15% or so, biologically effective N content > 140mg/kg, biologically effective P content >
60mg/kg, biologically effective K content > 105mg/kg, soil texture are stablized.
In conclusion having the beneficial effect that of reaching of a kind of side slope protection of the invention and method for recovering vegetation: improvement side
The soil property of slope original soil improves soil nutrient, quick improvement side slope original soil.After soil improvement, the soil of side slope original soil is organic
Matter content > 5%, porosity 60% or so, water content 15% or so, biologically effective N content > 140mg/kg, biologically effective P content
> 60mg/kg, biologically effective K content > 105mg/kg, soil texture are stablized.Present invention material of sowing grass seeds by duster can voluntarily decompose for 18 months
It is complete.The present invention is to Soil Habitat repairing effect: coverage reaches 70% after sowing vegetable seeds 28 days, applies the organic fertilizer of equivalent,
Vegetal cover degree is only 10-32%；Biomass reaches 0.65g/cm after sowing vegetable seeds 28 days2, the organic fertilizer of equivalent is applied,
Phytomass is only 0.02-0.22 g/cm2.The present invention makes side slope quickly have antiscour function, 2 hours after sowing grass seeds by duster
Resist washing away for moderate rain or heavy rain.Plant growth rate is fast, and the formation speed of slope protection and revegetation structure is fast, antiscour function
By force；Root system of plant can be made to be deep into the original soil of side slope to grow, realize infiltration type improvement, avoid improvement soil and side slope original soil hair
Raw two layers of skin phenomenon.
In addition to specified otherwise, percentage of the present invention is mass percent, and the ratio is mass ratio.
Finally, it should be noted that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended to restrict the invention,
It, for those skilled in the art, still can be with although describing the invention in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments
It modifies the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features.It is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in guarantor of the invention
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (15)
1. a kind of side slope protection and method for recovering vegetation, it is characterised in that: use two layers of fibre structure, respectively bottom and face
Layer；The bottom includes heat treatment wood-fibred and bioadhesive；The surface layer includes that heat treatment wood-fibred and artificial interlocking are fine
Dimension.
2. a kind of side slope protection according to claim 1 and method for recovering vegetation, it is characterised in that: the bottom and surface layer
Thickness ratio be 1:1-2.
3. a kind of side slope protection according to claim 1 and method for recovering vegetation, it is characterised in that: the thickness of the bottom
For 3-4mm；The surface layer with a thickness of 4-6mm.
4. a kind of side slope protection according to claim 1 and method for recovering vegetation, it is characterised in that: the heat in the bottom
Handling the heat treatment wood fiber length ratio in wood-fibred and surface layer is 1-2:2-3.
5. a kind of side slope protection according to claim 1 and method for recovering vegetation, it is characterised in that: the bottom: at heat
The mass percentage for managing wood-fibred is 78-85%.
6. a kind of side slope protection according to claim 1 and method for recovering vegetation, it is characterised in that: the bottom further includes
Composite bacteria agent and organic fertilizer.
7. a kind of side slope protection according to claim 1 and method for recovering vegetation, it is characterised in that: the bottom component
Weight are as follows: heat treatment wood-fibred 75-85 parts, 1-7 parts of bioadhesive, 1-4 parts of composite bacteria agent, organic fertilizer 3-9
Part.
8. a kind of side slope protection according to claim 1 and method for recovering vegetation, it is characterised in that: the heat in the bottom
Processing wood-fibred is porous staple fiber, and long 1-2 ㎝, diameter 0.1-1 ㎜, length is fiber content >=50% of 2 ㎝.
9. a kind of side slope protection according to claim 1 and method for recovering vegetation, it is characterised in that: the surface layer: at heat
The mass percentage for managing wood-fibred and artificial interlocking fibers mixture is 80-85%.
10. a kind of side slope protection according to claim 1 and method for recovering vegetation, it is characterised in that: the heat of the surface layer
The mass ratio for handling wood-fibred and artificial interlocking fibers is 5-6:2-3.
11. a kind of side slope protection according to claim 1 and method for recovering vegetation, it is characterised in that: the group of the surface layer
Dividing further includes water-retaining agent, high molecular polymer, granule pores base.
12. a kind of side slope protection according to claim 1 and method for recovering vegetation, it is characterised in that:
The weight of the surface layer component are as follows: heat treatment wood-fibred 70-90 parts, interlocking fibers 30-48 parts artificial, water-retaining agent
4-6 parts, 12-15 parts of high molecular polymer, 3-7 parts of granule pores base.
13. a kind of side slope protection according to claim 1 and method for recovering vegetation, it is characterised in that: in the surface layer
Be heat-treated wood-fibred: for porous long fibre, long 2-3 ㎝, diameter 0.1-1 ㎜, length is fiber content >=50% of 3 ㎝.
14. a kind of side slope protection according to claim 1 and method for recovering vegetation, it is characterised in that: the method is used,
After construction two hours, slope surface can resist washing away for moderate rain or heavy rain.
15. a kind of side slope protection according to claim 1 and method for recovering vegetation, it is characterised in that:
After the method 1 year, the side slope original soil assimilation of surface layer, bottom and the 0-40cm depth sowed grass seeds by duster is structure as a whole,
The soil property of obvious improvement side slope original soil, after soil improvement, the soil organic matter content > 5% of side slope original soil, porosity 50%
More than, 10% or more water content, biologically effective N content > 140mg/kg, biologically effective P content > 60mg/kg, biologically effective K contains
Measure > 105mg/kg.
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| CN201910098163.0A CN109914437A (en) | 2019-01-31 | 2019-01-31 | A kind of side slope protection and method for recovering vegetation |
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Family
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110999755A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-04-14 | 咸阳职业技术学院 | Strawberry organic soilless culture composite substrate |
| CN116854400A (en) * | 2023-06-05 | 2023-10-10 | 三峡大学 | A preparation method for porous habitat substrate used to balance slope runoff and infiltration |
| CN117770093A (en) * | 2024-01-04 | 2024-03-29 | 中国能源建设集团广西电力设计研究院有限公司 | Ecological base material for recovering vegetation on high-steep hard side slope |
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| KR100545001B1 (en) * | 2003-12-15 | 2006-01-24 | 주식회사 연우그린네트 | Slope greening composition and greening method using the same |
| CN206182007U (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2017-05-24 | 湖南天泉生态草业工程有限公司 | Resistant type aquatic plant blanket that erodees with multilayer fibre structure |
| CN107836288A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-03-27 | 西藏俊富环境恢复有限公司 | A kind of dangerous slope reinforces multiple green clothing and put and the multiple method for green of dangerous slope reinforcing |
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2019
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR100545001B1 (en) * | 2003-12-15 | 2006-01-24 | 주식회사 연우그린네트 | Slope greening composition and greening method using the same |
| CN206182007U (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2017-05-24 | 湖南天泉生态草业工程有限公司 | Resistant type aquatic plant blanket that erodees with multilayer fibre structure |
| CN107836288A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-03-27 | 西藏俊富环境恢复有限公司 | A kind of dangerous slope reinforces multiple green clothing and put and the multiple method for green of dangerous slope reinforcing |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110999755A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-04-14 | 咸阳职业技术学院 | Strawberry organic soilless culture composite substrate |
| CN116854400A (en) * | 2023-06-05 | 2023-10-10 | 三峡大学 | A preparation method for porous habitat substrate used to balance slope runoff and infiltration |
| CN116854400B (en) * | 2023-06-05 | 2024-07-05 | 三峡大学 | A method for preparing a porous habitat substrate for balancing slope runoff infiltration |
| CN117770093A (en) * | 2024-01-04 | 2024-03-29 | 中国能源建设集团广西电力设计研究院有限公司 | Ecological base material for recovering vegetation on high-steep hard side slope |
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Application publication date: 20190621 |