WO2005116444A1 - Turbine hydraulique à tête basse - Google Patents

Turbine hydraulique à tête basse Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005116444A1
WO2005116444A1 PCT/CA2004/000767 CA2004000767W WO2005116444A1 WO 2005116444 A1 WO2005116444 A1 WO 2005116444A1 CA 2004000767 W CA2004000767 W CA 2004000767W WO 2005116444 A1 WO2005116444 A1 WO 2005116444A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
runner
housing
blades
turbine according
side wall
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CA2004/000767
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Terrence Gordon Godsall
Donald Eric Innes
Matthew Christopher Innes
Original Assignee
The Salmon River Project Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by The Salmon River Project Limited filed Critical The Salmon River Project Limited
Priority to PCT/CA2004/000767 priority Critical patent/WO2005116444A1/fr
Priority to CA2567891A priority patent/CA2567891C/fr
Publication of WO2005116444A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005116444A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • F03B17/062—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction
    • F03B17/065—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction the flow engaging parts having a cyclic movement relative to the rotor during its rotation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • F03B17/062—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction
    • F03B17/065—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction the flow engaging parts having a cyclic movement relative to the rotor during its rotation
    • F03B17/067—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction the flow engaging parts having a cyclic movement relative to the rotor during its rotation the cyclic relative movement being positively coupled to the movement of rotation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2250/00—Geometry
    • F05B2250/30—Arrangement of components
    • F05B2250/31—Arrangement of components according to the direction of their main axis or their axis of rotation
    • F05B2250/312—Arrangement of components according to the direction of their main axis or their axis of rotation the axes being parallel to each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2250/00—Geometry
    • F05B2250/50—Inlet or outlet
    • F05B2250/501—Inlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2250/00—Geometry
    • F05B2250/50—Inlet or outlet
    • F05B2250/502—Outlet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improvement in low head water turbines, and more particularly to turbines which can capture energy from heads of water from about six meters, down to about one meter, for use, for example, in generating electricity.
  • low head water turbines have been of an open type, as exemplified for example by conventional water wheels, and have had extremely low efficiency. This has meant, for example, that sections of small rivers having a low head or drop, have been unsuitable for generation of hydro electric power.
  • Conventional power generation turbines such as Francis turbines, Kaplan turbines and Peleton turbines traditionally require high heads of water to generate the water pressure and velocity required to move the turbine blades. Such arrangements have necessitated large dams, construction of flumes and the like, necessitating, often, massive capital expenditure.
  • the present invention is intended to provide a more efficient construction of turbine which can be economically constructed, and which will operate at higher efficiency, making it suitable for low head electric power generation applications.
  • a low head water turbine comprising a runner having a cylindrical outer surface extending between opposite ends and a plurality of similar blades having inner and outer sides extending to the ends.
  • the blades are evenly spaced about the surface of the runner and extend to the ends of the runner.
  • the blades are similarly pivotably secured along their inner sides to the outer surface of the runner so as to pivot in the direction of rotation of the runner between closed position lying adjacent the outer surface of the runner and open position at an angle thereto.
  • a housing having end walls and a rounded side wall extending therebetween, completely encases the runner and its blades. End walls of the housing are proximal to the ends of the runner.
  • the runner is eccentrically mounted to the end walls of the housing for rotation about a horizontal axis so that the cylindrical outer surface of the runner is spaced closer to an upper portion of the housing side wall and farther from a lower portion.
  • a water inlet opening is located in a lower, forward portion of the housing, below the axis of rotation of the runner.
  • a water outlet opening is located in a lower, rearward portion of the housing.
  • the blades are constructed and positioned so that, during operation of the turbine, the blades will be constricted by the side wall of the housing and thereby moved to closed position as they approach and pass the upper portion of the housing side wall, and will move to open position under centrifugal force and the force of gravity and water acting on them as they move below the axis of rotation of the runner to said lower position, all the time the housing side wall acting on the outer sides of the blades.
  • the turbine of the present invention in tests, has proven to operate at about 85 percent efficiency, an efficiency which is far higher than conventional low head water turbines. Unlike conventional low head turbines which must be constructed on a site- specific basis, the turbine of the present invention may be made in modular form to a uniform design and size. A plurality of similar turbines may be placed in a stream in series or parallel fashion to generate additional power.
  • FIGURE 1 is a schematic view of a water turbine according to the present invention in a low head stream arrangement
  • FIGURE 2 is a schematic side view, in section, of the turbine according to the present invention.
  • FIGURE 3 is a schematic perspective partial view of the runner of the turbine of Figure 2;
  • FIGURE 4 is a section view along the line 3-3 of Figure 2 showing the up
  • FIGURE 5 is a section view along the line 4-4 of Figure 2 showing the down stream exit of the turbine of the present invention
  • FIGURE 6 is a schematic side section view of an alternative embodiment of runner for a turbine according to the present invention.
  • Turbine (2) comprises a runner (6) having a cylindrical outer surface (8) extending between opposite ends (10).
  • a plurality of similarly shaped and sized blades (12), having inner sides (14) and outer sides (16) extending between ends (20) are spaced evenly about the surface (8) of runner (6) as illustrated, and extend between the ends (10) of runner (6).
  • Along the outer side (16) are preferably secured strips (18) of a low friction plastic.
  • blades (12) are pivotally secured at pivots (22) to the outer surface (8) of runner (6), in such a manner that the blades can pivot in the direction of rotation of the runner, between a closed position lying adjacent the outer surface (8) of the runner and an open position at an angle thereto.
  • Appropriate biasing means (23) in the form of a spring, resilient cushion or counter weights (not illustrated), may be associated with each blade (12) and cylindrical outer surface (18) so as to normally urge the blades to open position.
  • Runner (6) is eccentrically mounted, as can be seen in Figure 2, to housing end walls (26), within the housing for rotation about a horizontal axis A so that, in operation, runner (6) is spaced closer to an upper portion (30) of the housing side wall (28) and further from a lower portion (32) of that housing side wall.
  • a water inlet (34) is provided in housing sidewall (28) as illustrated ( Figure 3), instead of being a single large opening, inlet (34) is formed by a plurality of slots (36) which thus act like a grating which can support blades (12), as will be described subsequently, during operation of the device. Slots (36) may be formed as illustrated so that the area thereof increases progressively from top to bottom of inlet (34) so as to permit progressively greater inflow of water from the top to bottom, although this construction is optional.
  • Water inlet opening (34) is located, as can be seen in Figure 3, in a lower, forward portion of side wall (28) of housing (24), below the axis of rotation A of the runner, although the opening may also extend above that axis.
  • a water outlet opening (38) is provided in a lower, rearward portion of side wall (28) of housing (24) as illustrated ( Figure 4), outlet (38) similarly formed by a plurality of spaced slots (40) in the side wall (28) of housing (24).
  • blades (12) are secured to the runner in diametrically opposite pairs and mechanical links (42) are provided between arms (44) connected to the diametrically opposed pairs of blades (12), in such a manner that movement of one blade (12) from open to closed position, in each such pair, causes movement of the diametrically opposed blade from closed to open position. In this way, opening of blades (12) is facilitated.
  • Blades (12), with their outer sides (or strips (18) attached thereto) being constricted by the inner surfaces of side wall (28) of housing (24), are moved to closed position as they approach and pass the upper portion (30) of housing side wall (24) and are moved to open position under centrifugal force and the force of gravity and water (and action of links (42) and arms (44) or counterweights (not illustrated) if they are present), as the blades move below the axis of rotation A to the lower portion (32) of housing (24).
  • a flow of water may have to be brought into inlet openings (34) by way of a pipe (46) ( Figure 1 ).
  • a plurality of turbines (2) as described may be placed in a waterway in either down stream (series) or side-by-side (parallel) arrangement.
  • the series and parallel arrangements are suitable for different applications and provide different advantages, depending upon the characteristics of a particular stream location.
  • Conventional means of converting the mechanical energy from the rotation of the runner (6) to electrical energy may be combined with the turbine for production of electricity.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)

Abstract

Une turbine hydraulique à tête basse (2) comprend une couronne mobile (6) ayant une surface extérieure cylindrique (8) s'étendant entre les extrémités opposées (10) et une pluralité de lames similaires (12) ayant des côtés intérieurs (14) et extérieurs (16) s'étendant vers les extrémités. De façon similaire, les lames sont protégées de façon pivotante le long de leurs côtés intérieurs (14) à la surface externe de la turbine pour pivoter dans la direction de rotation de la couronne mobile entre une position fermée adjacentes à la surface externe de la couronne mobile et une position ouverte à un angle à celle-ci. Un logement (24) ayant des parois terminales (26) et une paroi latérale arrondie (28) s'étendant entre celles-ci, enferme complètement la couronne mobile et ses lames. La couronne mobile est montée de façon excentrique sur les parois terminales du logement pour rotation selon un axe horizontal (A) pour que la surface externe cylindrique de la couronne mobile soit disposée plus près de la partie supérieure (30) de la paroi latérale du logement et plus loin de la partie inférieure (32). Une ouverture d'arrivée d'eau (34) est localisée dans une partie plus basse à l'avant du logement, en dessous de l'axe de rotation de la couronne mobile. Une ouverture de sortie d'eau (38) est localisée dans une partie plus basse à l'arrière du logement.
PCT/CA2004/000767 2004-05-25 2004-05-25 Turbine hydraulique à tête basse WO2005116444A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CA2004/000767 WO2005116444A1 (fr) 2004-05-25 2004-05-25 Turbine hydraulique à tête basse
CA2567891A CA2567891C (fr) 2004-05-25 2004-05-25 Turbine hydraulique a tete basse

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CA2004/000767 WO2005116444A1 (fr) 2004-05-25 2004-05-25 Turbine hydraulique à tête basse

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005116444A1 true WO2005116444A1 (fr) 2005-12-08

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CA2004/000767 WO2005116444A1 (fr) 2004-05-25 2004-05-25 Turbine hydraulique à tête basse

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CA (1) CA2567891C (fr)
WO (1) WO2005116444A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009142523A2 (fr) * 2008-05-20 2009-11-26 Ribeiro De Matos Antonio Ventu Turbine à ailettes articulées et rétractables pour capter l'énergie d'un fluide en mouvement
EP3260696A4 (fr) * 2015-02-16 2018-08-29 Oh, Taekgeun Dispositif de génération d'énergie hydroélectrique pour une conduite

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2544170A1 (fr) * 2006-04-18 2007-10-18 The Salmon River Project Limited Turbine hydraulique excentree avec aubes guidees

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2190144A (en) * 1986-05-03 1987-11-11 George Henry Worrall Vaned water wheel
GB2205615A (en) * 1987-06-06 1988-12-14 Salford University Civil Engin A water powered motor
DE3816555A1 (de) * 1988-05-14 1989-11-23 Helmut Roes Maschine zur abgabe von antriebskraft

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2190144A (en) * 1986-05-03 1987-11-11 George Henry Worrall Vaned water wheel
GB2205615A (en) * 1987-06-06 1988-12-14 Salford University Civil Engin A water powered motor
DE3816555A1 (de) * 1988-05-14 1989-11-23 Helmut Roes Maschine zur abgabe von antriebskraft

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009142523A2 (fr) * 2008-05-20 2009-11-26 Ribeiro De Matos Antonio Ventu Turbine à ailettes articulées et rétractables pour capter l'énergie d'un fluide en mouvement
EP2128436A2 (fr) * 2008-05-20 2009-12-02 Ventura Ribeiro de Matos, Antonio Turbine dotée de pales articulées et rétractables pour la captation d'énergie à partir d'un fluide mobile
EP2128436A3 (fr) * 2008-05-20 2010-12-01 Ventura Ribeiro de Matos, Antonio Turbine dotée de pales articulées et rétractables pour la captation d'énergie à partir d'un fluide mobile
WO2009142523A3 (fr) * 2008-05-20 2010-12-23 Ribeiro De Matos Antonio Ventura Turbine à ailettes articulées et rétractables pour capter l'énergie d'un fluide en mouvement
ES2374892A1 (es) * 2008-05-20 2012-02-23 Antonio Ventura Ribeiro De Matos Turbina de palas (aletas) articuladas y retráctiles para el aprovechamiento energético de fluidos en movimiento.
EP3260696A4 (fr) * 2015-02-16 2018-08-29 Oh, Taekgeun Dispositif de génération d'énergie hydroélectrique pour une conduite
US10221828B2 (en) 2015-02-16 2019-03-05 Taekgeun OH Hydroelectric power generation device for pipeline

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2567891C (fr) 2012-07-31
CA2567891A1 (fr) 2005-12-08

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