WO2005096792A2 - Offshore nitrogen production and injection - Google Patents
Offshore nitrogen production and injection Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005096792A2 WO2005096792A2 PCT/US2005/009166 US2005009166W WO2005096792A2 WO 2005096792 A2 WO2005096792 A2 WO 2005096792A2 US 2005009166 W US2005009166 W US 2005009166W WO 2005096792 A2 WO2005096792 A2 WO 2005096792A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- vessel
- hull
- nitrogen
- air
- equipment
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/044—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a single pressure main column system only
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04012—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling
- F25J3/04018—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling of main feed air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04012—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling
- F25J3/0403—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling of nitrogen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04109—Arrangements of compressors and /or their drivers
- F25J3/04115—Arrangements of compressors and /or their drivers characterised by the type of prime driver, e.g. hot gas expander
- F25J3/04133—Electrical motor as the prime mechanical driver
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
- F25J3/04157—Afterstage cooling and so-called "pre-cooling" of the feed air upstream the air purification unit and main heat exchange line
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
- F25J3/0429—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of feed air, e.g. used as waste or product air or expanded into an auxiliary column
- F25J3/04296—Claude expansion, i.e. expanded into the main or high pressure column
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
- F25J3/04563—Integration with a nitrogen consuming unit, e.g. for purging, inerting, cooling or heating
- F25J3/04569—Integration with a nitrogen consuming unit, e.g. for purging, inerting, cooling or heating for enhanced or tertiary oil recovery
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J3/04975—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the air fractionation unit, e.g. transportable devices by truck or small scale use
- F25J3/04987—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the air fractionation unit, e.g. transportable devices by truck or small scale use for offshore use
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
- F25J2240/70—Steam turbine, e.g. used in a Rankine cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
- F25J2240/80—Hot exhaust gas turbine combustion engine
- F25J2240/82—Hot exhaust gas turbine combustion engine with waste heat recovery, e.g. in a combined cycle, i.e. for generating steam used in a Rankine cycle
Definitions
- Carbon dioxide constitutes less than 1% of pure air and is undesirable but acceptable in small quantities.
- One way to produce nitrogen without oxygen from air is to burn fuel such as gaseous hydrocarbons that combine with oxygen, but this produces considerable carbon dioxide along with the nitrogen. Large amounts of carbon dioxide tend to contaminate hydrocarbons produced from a reservoir.
- Another way to produce nitrogen is by liquefaction of air and distillation to separate nitrogen from oxygen and other undesirable constituents. Considerable energy and large equipment is required to provide and inject such nitrogen.
- a nitrogen production system that provided for injection of highly pure pressurized nitrogen into a subsea reservoir, and that could be constructed rapidly and at moderate cost, would be of value.
- a system for use in an offshore environment to enable the production of pure nitrogen for injection into an offshore hydrocarbon reservoir, which enables low cost and rapid setup of the system.
- the system includes a vessel hull with a deck and a separation complex mounted on the deck that includes equipment for using sea water as a heat sink to cool air in the liquefaction of its oxygen component so nitrogen can be separated out, and that includes injection equipment for injecting the nitrogen into the reservoir.
- An available vessel hull can be obtained, such as one previously used to transport oil.
- the equipment of the separation system is mounted on the deck of the hull, so the hull does not have to be modified and so the equipment can be readily mounted without having to take it apart to fit it into the hull.
- the hull usually has pipes on its deck. Spacers are used to mount the equipment of the separation system above the level of the pipes on the deck.
- the vessel can be used to both produce hydrocarbons from the hull and inject nitrogen into the reservoir.
- a single riser bundle extends from the vessel to the sea floor, and includes both a production riser for carrying hydrocarbons from the reservoir up to the vessel, and an inject riser for carrying pure nitrogen down to the sea floor for injection into the reservoir.
- a lower end of one of the risers, such as the inject riser is connected to a pipe that extends along the sea floor by at least 100 meters and that connects to a pipe that extends down into the reservoir thereat.
- the vessel hull is moored so its can weathervane, so its bow always faces upwind.
- An air intake for the separation system is located at the bow of the vessel. This avoids drawing in air that is contaminated by engine exhaust, vapors from hot lubricant and hydrocarbons, etc. that instead pass towards the stern and then away from the vessel.
- Fig. 1 is an isometric view of a system of the present invention lying over an undersea hydrocarbon reservoir, for producing and injecting nitrogen into the reservoir.
- Fig. 2 is a side elevation view of the system of vessel of the system of Fig. 1.
- Fig. 3 is a plan view of the vessel of Fig. 2.
- Fig. 4 is a block diagram view of the separation complex of the system of Fig. 1.
- Fig. 1 shows a system 10 of the present invention for producing and injecting pure nitrogen gas into an undersea hydrocarbon reservoir, or well 12.
- the system includes a vessel 14 with a vessel hull 16.
- the vessel hull is a former tanker hull which has tanks 20 that can store large quantities (millions of gallons) of crude oil and that has a large deck 22.
- the deck 22 was largely uncluttered when used as a tanker, except for numerous pipes 24 immediately over the deck that were used to transfer oil into, out of, and between tanks.
- the large deck and the buoyancy of the tanker allows it to be used to hold large and heavy equipment of the present invention.
- a turret structure 30 has been mounted on the hull, beyond the hull bow
- the turret structure includes a turret 34 that is moored to the sea floor 35 by a mooring structure that includes catenary lines 36.
- the mooring structure allows limited vessel drift (more than 10 meters but no more than one kilometer) and allows vessel weathervaning so the bow is always pointed upwind.
- Fluid swivels 38 on the turret are connected to crude hydrocarbon processing equipment 39 on the hull that removes sand, etc., and to the undersea hydrocarbon well.
- a nitrogen production and injection complex 40 is mounted on the hull.
- the complex includes an air compressor station 42 where air is compressed in the process of air liquefaction, an absorption station 44 where impurities are removed, and a cryogenic station 46 where air is cooled to a very low temperature in order to liquify oxygen in the air so pure nitrogen can be obtained.
- the complex reheats nitrogen by passing it back though the cryogenic station 46.
- the reheated nitrogen passes though a nitrogen compression station 52 where nitrogen is pressurized before it is injected.
- the pressurized nitrogen passes though one of the fluid swivels to flow down though one of the risers to the reservoir to pressurize the reservoir.
- An electricity generator and other equipment is shown at 154 and a helicopter pad and crew quarters are shown at 146.
- At least 80%, usually at least 90%, and commonly at least 95% of the volume 68 within the hull is left empty of nitrogen production equipment.
- the volume 68 can hold produced hydrocarbons (e.g. liquids such as pentane that has a density of 0.63 and hexane that has a density of 0.66).
- the density of such hydrocarbons is much less than that of water (density of 1.0) so the floating hull still provides sufficient buoyancy to support the nitrogen production equipment of the nitrogen complex that lies above the deck.
- Fig. 4 shows details of the complex 40 that produces and injects nitrogen.
- the complex includes an air inlet 70 that receives ambient air and that pipes the air though a filter and into a compressor 72.
- a turbine 74 receives combustion gases produced by burning natural gas (produced by the reservoir, or well) in a combustion chamber 76.
- the gas expansion turbine 74 turns an electric generator 80 that provides electricity to power the compressors and other equipment.
- Large volumes of compressed air exit the compressor 72, at a pressure such as 7.5 bars (about 7.5 times atmospheric, or about 108 psi) and a temperature of about 110° C.
- the hot compressed air passes through a cooler 82 that uses cooling water to cool the large amounts of hot compressed air to a temperature such as 40° C.
- the cooling water is cooled using seawater that is pumped through a seawater cooler heat exchanger 84.
- the sea water is pumped to pass up from the sea through a pipe 85, through the seawater cooler heat exchanger 84 where the cooling water is cooled, and through another pipe 87 back to the sea.
- the compressed and moderately cooled air then flows through a molecular sieve system 86 to remove water, carbon dioxide, and other gases that might harm the distillation process. It is essential to remove water, carbon dioxide and such other gases because their freezing points are far above oxygen liquefaction temperatures, and frozen water and carbon dioxide would plug downstream equipment. Light hydrocarbons (less that 6 carbon atoms per molecule) such as methane and ethane will pass through the molecular sieve system, but if they freeze and accumulate, then they have to be removed periodically.
- the cooled and compressed air e.g.
- Stream 92 of air flows into a main heat exchanger 94 where the air is cooled to a temperature such as -40° C. This is accomplished by heat exchange in heat exchanger 94 with a returning cold nitrogen stream 100 and a cold oxygen stream 102 (and a reflux condenser 103) each passing through heat exchanger 94.
- the cold and compressed air from the heat exchanger 94 then flows along path 104 to a turbo expander 106.
- the output of the turbo expander is air at a temperature of - 175°C, at which the air (the oxygen in the compressed air) is partially liquified.
- the very cold air moves along path 110 to a distillation column 112.
- the air compressor intakes where ambient air is taken in for the process is located as far upwind as is practical, which is a location closest to the bow of the vessel or even upwind therefrom.
- the location, shown at 70 in Fig. 1 is closer to the bow 32 than to the stern 142 and is closer to the bow than a vessel midpoint 144. Since the vessel is freely weathervaning around the turret, the vessel bow will be upwind most of the time.
- Fig. 1 shows the clean air inlet 70 at the bow.
- a vessel hull 14 was used that had a length of 316 meters, a 260,000 tons deadweight, and a cargo tank capacity of 306,000 cubic meters.
- the nitrogen complex was designed to use 47,200 cubic meters ( at 1 bar) of natural gas per hour and produce 531 ,000 standard (at 101.3 ⁇ Pa and 15.6°C) cubic meters per hour of 99.9% pure nitrogen, which was pressurized at 110 bars.
- the vessel 14 of Fig. 1 passes fluids to the hydrocarbon well 12 and receives fluids from the well, though a riser bundle, or assembly 150 and the fluid swivel assembly 38.
- a first one 152 of the risers connects to a pipe 154 at a first location 156 that extends down to the hydrocarbon well 12 to carry hydrocarbons up to the vessel.
- the produced hydrocarbons pass from the crude riser upper end along a pipe 157 to the crude processor 39.
- the hydrocarbons not used to energize the complex 40 are stored in the vessel tanks and offloaded perhaps every week to a tanker that takes the hydrocarbons to a far away port.
- a second one 160 of the risers connects to a pipe 162 that extends along the sea floor to a location 164 where a pipe 166 extends down to the hydrocarbon well.
- the pipe 166 carries pressured nitrogen for injection into the well.
- the locations 156 and 164 on the sea floor and corresponding locations in the well are horizontally spaced apart by more than 100 meters. Such spacing is necessary to assure that the injected nitrogen does not find its way to the pipe and riser that produce hydrocarbons from the well.
- the riser bundle includes means 168 that holds the risers close together (preferably less than 2 meters spacing).
- the nitrogen producing vessel may be used only to produce and inject nitrogen.
- Other vessels may be used to produce all hydrocarbons from the undersea well.
- the nitrogen producing and injection vessel may be used alone to pressurize a well from which hydrocarbons later will be produced.
- the invention provides a system for producing nitrogen and injecting nitrogen into a hydrocarbon well that lies under a sea.
- the system includes a seaworthy vessel hull that is preferably one that was previously used as a tanker.
- a nitrogen production and injection system is installed on top of the deck of the vessel hull, with spacers to allow pipes on the deck.
- the nitrogen production complex produces nitrogen by liquefaction of oxygen to remove it from the air and leave nitrogen.
- the vessel is moored so it weathervanes, and the air intake for the nitrogen production complex lies at the bow of the vessel to minimize the intake of contaminants.
- the vessel usually is also used to produce hydrocarbons from the well into which nitrogen is injected.
- a riser bundle extends from a turret that is mounted on the vessel to a platform on the sea floor.
- the riser bundle includes a first riser that carries hydrocarbons up to the vessel and a second riser that carries pressured nitrogen down to the sea floor for injection.
- One of the risers has a lower end that is connected by a primarily vertical pipe to the well, or reservoir.
- the other riser is connected to a seafloor conduit that extends at least 100 meters along the sea floor to a location where the conduit connects to a primarily vertical pipe that extends down to the well.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US55625504P | 2004-03-25 | 2004-03-25 | |
US60/556,255 | 2004-03-25 | ||
US11/068,437 US20050211440A1 (en) | 2004-03-25 | 2005-02-28 | Offshore nitrogen production and injection |
US11/068,437 | 2005-02-28 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005096792A2 true WO2005096792A2 (en) | 2005-10-20 |
WO2005096792A3 WO2005096792A3 (en) | 2006-05-11 |
WO2005096792A8 WO2005096792A8 (en) | 2006-06-22 |
Family
ID=35125571
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2005/009166 WO2005096792A2 (en) | 2004-03-25 | 2005-03-18 | Offshore nitrogen production and injection |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20050211440A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005096792A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008519221A (en) * | 2004-11-08 | 2008-06-05 | シエル・インターナシヨネイル・リサーチ・マーチヤツピイ・ベー・ウイ | Liquefied natural gas floating storage regasifier |
US7628224B2 (en) * | 2007-04-30 | 2009-12-08 | Kellogg Brown & Root Llc | Shallow/intermediate water multipurpose floating platform for arctic environments |
DE202013010650U1 (en) | 2013-11-23 | 2014-01-10 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Combined unit of buoyant units with conveyor system, power plant and air separation plant |
US20230066063A1 (en) * | 2020-02-11 | 2023-03-02 | Oxy Low Carbon Ventures, Llc | Refrigeration-integrated hydrocarbon collection system and method of operation |
US11802054B2 (en) * | 2022-02-20 | 2023-10-31 | Lone Gull Holdings, Ltd. | Vessel to provide carbon dioxide from calcium carbonate |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3535886A (en) * | 1967-07-05 | 1970-10-27 | Mc Donnell Douglas Corp | Production of high purity nitrogen from air by distillation with depressurized,work expanded and cooled oxygen-rich bottoms used in indirect heat exchange for the distillation |
US3602302A (en) * | 1969-11-10 | 1971-08-31 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Oil production system |
US20020157833A1 (en) * | 2001-04-25 | 2002-10-31 | Wilson W. Brett | Offshore floating production method |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3645131A (en) * | 1970-05-20 | 1972-02-29 | James B Turner | Gas drilling soil sampling |
-
2005
- 2005-02-28 US US11/068,437 patent/US20050211440A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-03-18 WO PCT/US2005/009166 patent/WO2005096792A2/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3535886A (en) * | 1967-07-05 | 1970-10-27 | Mc Donnell Douglas Corp | Production of high purity nitrogen from air by distillation with depressurized,work expanded and cooled oxygen-rich bottoms used in indirect heat exchange for the distillation |
US3602302A (en) * | 1969-11-10 | 1971-08-31 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Oil production system |
US20020157833A1 (en) * | 2001-04-25 | 2002-10-31 | Wilson W. Brett | Offshore floating production method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
GRAN H G: 'Compact systems for power generation and nitrogen injection' OFFSHORE TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE 1988, pages 301 - 306, XP008063561 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2005096792A3 (en) | 2006-05-11 |
WO2005096792A8 (en) | 2006-06-22 |
US20050211440A1 (en) | 2005-09-29 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US11952083B2 (en) | Comprehensive system for the storage and transportation of natural gas in a light hydrocarbon liquid medium | |
JP5486803B2 (en) | Mass transport and storage method for gases in liquid media | |
US20170167787A1 (en) | Method of Natural Gas Liquefaction on LNG Carriers Storing Liquid Nitrogen | |
US20120047942A1 (en) | METHOD, SYSTEM, AND PRODUCTION AND STORAGE FACILITY FOR OFFSHORE LPG and LNG PROCESSING OF ASSOCIATED GASES | |
AU2013200429B2 (en) | Marine transport of unsweetened natural gas | |
KR20210118058A (en) | Processes and Methods for Transporting CO2 and Liquid Hydrocarbons to Produce Hydrogen with CO2 Capture | |
US11402152B2 (en) | Large scale coastal liquefaction | |
US20050211440A1 (en) | Offshore nitrogen production and injection | |
US11009291B2 (en) | Method for air cooled, large scale, floating LNG production with liquefaction gas as only refrigerant | |
US7017506B2 (en) | Marginal gas transport in offshore production | |
US11975805B2 (en) | Carbon dioxide transport and sequestration marine vessel | |
CN207881346U (en) | Suitable for marine natural gas liquefaction system | |
MXPA06010940A (en) | Offshore nitrogen production and injection | |
CN108106325A (en) | Suitable for marine natural gas liquefaction system |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SM SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): BW GH GM KE LS MW MZ NA SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
WR | Later publication of a revised version of an international search report | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: PA/a/2006/010940 Country of ref document: MX |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Country of ref document: DE |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |