WO2005089973A1 - Procede de perçage de moule d'intrusion avec production simultanee d'un filetage et outil de perçage de moule d'intrusion destine a la mise en oeuvre de ce procede - Google Patents

Procede de perçage de moule d'intrusion avec production simultanee d'un filetage et outil de perçage de moule d'intrusion destine a la mise en oeuvre de ce procede Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005089973A1
WO2005089973A1 PCT/DE2005/000442 DE2005000442W WO2005089973A1 WO 2005089973 A1 WO2005089973 A1 WO 2005089973A1 DE 2005000442 W DE2005000442 W DE 2005000442W WO 2005089973 A1 WO2005089973 A1 WO 2005089973A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tool
section
thread
tool according
forming
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2005/000442
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Josef Grüner
Original Assignee
Gühring, Jörg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gühring, Jörg filed Critical Gühring, Jörg
Publication of WO2005089973A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005089973A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23G—THREAD CUTTING; WORKING OF SCREWS, BOLT HEADS, OR NUTS, IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH
    • B23G1/00—Thread cutting; Automatic machines specially designed therefor
    • B23G1/32—Thread cutting; Automatic machines specially designed therefor by milling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B21J5/063—Friction heat forging
    • B21J5/066—Flow drilling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23G—THREAD CUTTING; WORKING OF SCREWS, BOLT HEADS, OR NUTS, IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH
    • B23G7/00—Forming thread by means of tools similar both in form and in manner of use to thread-cutting tools, but without removing any material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method, a tool and a device for producing threaded holes, in particular in workpieces of low material thickness, preferably in workpieces made of a metallic material. 10 It has always been a problem to create holes with an internal thread in components with a thin cross-section, since the method of first drilling a hole using a machining process and then cutting a thread in it, because of the short thread length and therefore the small number of usable threads is often unsuitable. The use of so-called machine taps, which combine the process of drilling and tapping, encounters the same problems with low 20 material thicknesses.
  • I ⁇ rsat ⁇ .IWÜ i a mandrel of conical or concave contour with a sharp tip, which is followed by a cylindrical section with a threaded molded part raised on it.
  • this tool is only suitable for very thin sheet metal, not too strong. There are also limits to the tool life and the working speed due to the rapid blunting of the tip.
  • FIGS. 8A to 8D The tool is shown in FIGS. 8A to 8D in a side view and in three cross-sectional variants.
  • the tool 910 has a conical section 912 with a centering tip 911.
  • the cone section 912 is followed by a first cylinder section 914, which is followed by a second cylinder section 916 of larger diameter.
  • the cone section 912 and the first cylinder section 914 have a triangular cross section, the tips of the triangle either being cut off by a circular path as shown in FIG. 8B or, as shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 9 The process sequence of a drilling method with the above-mentioned tool 910 according to the prior art is shown schematically in FIG. 9, which is modeled on a display on the website of Kavon CZ s.r.o., CZ. A subsequent thread forming step is also indicated in the figure.
  • the figure shows how the tool 910 drills a hole in a flat plate 900. If the tool 910 is placed with its tip on the surface of the workpiece 900 and rotated at a sufficient speed, the material heats up due to the friction between the tool tip and the surface. With a suitable selection of the speed, the material begins to flow immediately and evades the pressure of the tool tip, being pushed back downwards and radially outwards and thrown upwards and radially to the side until the tool breaks through the comparatively thin wall and with the second cylinder section ' on the bead-like material thrown outwards and flattened thereby.
  • the displaced material of the workpiece takes on the overall shape of a collar or eye or bush 905, which nestles against the outline of the tool and is retained after the tool is removed.
  • the length or thickness of the resulting Collar or eye or the resulting bush 905 exceeds the thickness of the workpiece itself.
  • EP 0 057 039 B1 discloses a flow form drill for providing sheet metal material with holes, the cross section of which in the cone section or the first cylinder section has a polygonal shape of the number of corners 3 or 4 with convex sides and rounded corners, the lines of which correspond to a certain complex harmonic Function obeys.
  • EP 0 015 518 AI discloses a flow form drill, the tip of which has a short cutting edge.
  • a shaped section in the manner of a groove can be provided, which gives the depressed material a defined shape.
  • the shape of the resulting hole can be controlled by the length of the first cylinder section 914. If the first cylinder section is short, the hole may have a cross section which tapers in a conical manner in the tool feed direction. On the other hand, if the first cylinder section is long, a continuous cylindrical hole can be produced.
  • a second cone section can also be provided, the cone angle of which is more acute than that of the first cone section 912.
  • the second A flat or conical countersunk part can be provided in the cylinder section 916 in order to plate the material portion thrown outwards and to remove any burr that may have arisen.
  • the advantages of this procedure are obvious.
  • the material in the area of the hole is used to form a bushing, the length of which considerably exceeds the material thickness.
  • the material flows under the influence of great frictional heat and solidifies again, which contributes to the final strength and shape retention of the bush, especially when compared to cold-formed structures.
  • An introduced in such a 'hole thread has a greater effective length, and does not break as easily as from a cut in a thin wall thread. Additional energy, material and time-consuming process steps such as soldering, welding or riveting are no longer necessary.
  • the flow drilling process is followed by a thread formation process.
  • the thread is produced with the aid of a separate thread-forming tool 920, which does not work by cutting material, but by displacing or flow-forming the material ("flowtapping").
  • thread formers also called thread formers or thread pressers
  • thread formers are known in the art.
  • the differences in geometry between a thread tapping tool and a machining tap performing machining are described below with reference to FIGS. 10A to IOC on the one hand and 11A to 11C on the other hand.
  • Figure 12 shows the flow behavior of the material during pressure forming by thread forming, in particular the mode of action of a start of the thread former.
  • FIGS. 10A to IOC show the tool geometry of a tap and the geometry of a thread produced with a tap according to the prior art.
  • FIG. 10A shows a cross section of a tap 950
  • FIG. 10B shows a longitudinal section of a front part of the tap 950
  • FIG. IOC shows a longitudinal section through a few teeth of a thread produced in a workpiece 960 using the tap 950.
  • the tap 950 has a plurality of flutes 952, which define a plurality of cutting studs 954, each with a cutting edge 954a.
  • reference number 956 denotes an outer diameter of the tool.
  • the gate 958 is formed by conically cutting off the tips of the first teeth, while the core diameter 957 remains unchanged in the region of the gate.
  • FIGS. 11A to 11C show the tool geometry of a thread turret and the geometry of a thread produced with a thread turret according to the prior art.
  • FIG. 11A shows a cross section of a thread groove 970
  • FIG. 11B shows a longitudinal section of a front part of the thread groove 970
  • FIG. 11C shows a longitudinal section through a few teeth of a thread produced in a workpiece 980 with the aid of the thread groove 970.
  • the thread cutter 970 has a polygonal cross section in a known manner, which defines a plurality of pressure studs 972 in its raised parts.
  • Lubrication grooves 974 are formed in the recessed portions of the polygonal cross section.
  • reference number 976 denotes an outer diameter of the tool.
  • the reference number 978 in FIG. 11B denotes the line of a run-up, which serves to make it easier to screw the tool into the workpiece, and the reference number 977 denotes a core diameter.
  • the geometries of the teeth are completely preserved in the area of the run-up 978, and the core diameter in the area of the run-up 978 tapers parallel to this.
  • Figures IOC and 11C show the differences in geometry between a thread made by cutting and a thread made by grooving.
  • grooves 962 are formed by cutting material, which in turn define tooth flanks 964. At a point 966, the tooth flanks merge into the tooth base.
  • the cutting action of the thread cutter 950 cuts the "fiber course" 968 in the structure of the material of the workpiece 960, as a result of which the load-bearing capacity of the thread is reduced, in particular by an increased notch effect at a transition point 966.
  • the fibers 988 are only compressed, but not cut off. Material is therefore present in a compressed state at a transition point 986 between the tooth flank 984 and the tooth base. As a result, this points Transition point high toughness compared to the cut thread. Therefore, the teeth of a grooved thread are more stable and do not break out as easily as the teeth of a cut thread.
  • FIG. 1 The details of the formation of a thread by furrows are shown in FIG.
  • the front part of the thread formation 970 is shown in the area of the start-up, namely with its first three teeth or gears 972a, ( 972b and 972c.
  • the tool 970 is rotated and translationally moved in the direction of an arrow "III".
  • Each of the Gears 972a, 972b, 972c penetrate deeper into the material of the workpiece 980.
  • the processed material is thrown up and on until it overlaps in a kind of wave motion between the two tooth flanks and forms a groove 990.
  • the state of the formation of the groove 990 becomes Generally regarded as the ideal condition of a grooved thread, any further deformation, such as a further displacement of the material so that the groove 990 closes, deteriorates the properties of the thread.
  • the methods of threading into through holes made by flow drilling are not limited to furrows. Rather, thread cutters can also be used, provided the material temperature permits such a process.
  • FIGS. 13 and 14 each show the threaded part of a tap and a thread milling cutter in a side view
  • FIG. 15 shows a process sequence for thread milling.
  • a technology related to thread grooving uses the kinematics of thread milling and combines this with the principle of thread grooving.
  • a tool with a geometry similar to that of a thread cutter is used, in which, as with the thread milling cutter, the
  • Thread grooves are not helical, but are formed in the circumferential direction and the cross section of the threaded part has a polygonal cross section with several pressure studs. If the tool is now passed through the machine in a circular manner as with thread milling, the thread is not cut by cutting, but, as with thread grooving, formed by plastic deformation of the material, in that the press studs "hammer" the contour of the thread into the material, so to speak.
  • This type of thread formation which is called “chipless thread MiHing” or "circular thread grooves" is the subject of the German patent application No. 103 18 203.9 of the applicant of the present invention.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a particularly economical method and a corresponding device for producing high-quality threads in workpieces, in particular of low material thickness, with or with which it is possible to significantly increase the accuracy and quality of the thread to be produced.
  • a method for producing a thread in a workpiece preferably of thin material, has the steps of claim 1.
  • the tool for producing the “bushing” in the thin-walled workpiece is combined with the thread forming tool by the so-called flow form drilling method.
  • the tool modified according to the invention already has an optimally coordinated geometry of the different tool functional sections, with the additional advantage that these functional sections, i. Bore widening section and thread forming section are automatically centered exactly to one another. This alone improves the quality of the thread in a simplified process.
  • the method according to the invention can advantageously utilize the plasticized state of the material, because the thread formation section engages in the freshly formed hole with little delay. This can be used to significantly increase the processing speed without compromising on quality.
  • the process steps and the number of tools required are thus reduced, and even the flow properties of the heated material can be advantageously used if required.
  • the process step of forming the thread can be carried out using all techniques known hitherto, such as, for example, furrowing, circular furrowing, cutting or milling, the tool geometries described in the introduction to the description essentially being able to be retained.
  • a modification of the thread formation sections in comparison to the conventional formation can, however, result from the fact that the thread is introduced into a possibly still plastic material.
  • a thread forming section can cause a larger material displacement in comparison to the conventional geometry of a thread former. It has been shown that by simple geometric coordination of the two main functional sections of the tool according to the invention, ie the bore insertion section and the
  • Thread formation section the process flow can be controlled so that the workpiece temperature is optimally adapted to the needs of the respective process step.
  • the condition of the material to be machined can be used particularly advantageously to increase the economy of the manufacturing process.
  • the heating and displacement steps are preferably carried out at a first speed and a first feed rate which are adapted to the melting temperature and the flow behavior of the material of the workpiece, while the step of forming a thread at a second speed and a second feed rate are carried out, which are additionally adapted to the pitch of the thread.
  • the method can further comprise a step of shaping the edge of the hole with the same tool, in particular by milling or countersinking, and a step of removing the tool from the borehole.
  • the step of forming the hole rim may include a step of controlling the axial force of the tool.
  • the method can have a step of setting the tool and workpiece temperature in all steps.
  • the step of setting the temperature can comprise the steps of adjusting the rotational speed and / or adjusting the feed rate and / or cooling the tool.
  • the temperature setting can be adjusted so that the optimum tool and workpiece temperature is achieved for the respective process step.
  • aspects of the present invention can be carried out without a tool change or a repositioning of the workpiece and / or the tool is required.
  • the friction and shaping section preferably has a friction concentration section at its tip and a widening section adjoining it.
  • the friction concentration section can be designed as a centering tip or also spherical, in particular with the design in the form of a centering tip it is possible to drill into the solid material with high precision.
  • the expansion section can have a conical shape.
  • the cone angle is preferably between 10 ° and 60 °, in particular between 10 ° and 30 °, in a particularly preferred manner 20 ° +/- 5 °. It has been shown that the cone angle when machining steel sheet should advantageously be varied in this area and delivers the best results with regard to the expansion function.
  • the cone of the expansion section can be convex or concave to allow adaptation to the particular flow properties of the material to be processed and to control the displacement speed and direction.
  • the friction and molding section can furthermore have a cylindrical molding which adjoins the widening section.
  • the cylindrical molded part can have an essentially cylindrical shape.
  • the length of the shaped cylinder part can be used to control the state in which the thread formation section adjoining the friction and form section comes into engagement with regard to the shape, smoothness and temperature of the through hole.
  • the diameter of the cylindrical molded part or the largest diameter of the expansion section is preferably adapted to the core diameter of the thread to be formed.
  • the special feature of the tool according to the invention is thus that the diameter of the cylindrical molded part or the largest diameter of the widening section corresponds to the inside diameter of the exit bore that is optimally adapted for the subsequent thread forming work step, such as when milling or cutting. This creates an optimal engagement situation for the subsequent thread formation section.
  • the thread formation section of the tool has at least one groove with a substantially notch-shaped cross section which extends helically over the length of the thread formation section.
  • the cross section is preferably of polygonal shape, which defines a plurality of pressure studs.
  • the number of polygons is preferably between 4 and 12, particularly preferably between 4 and 8. With such a profile, the thread can be produced in the manner of a conventional thread tapping.
  • Lubrication grooves can be provided in the flanks of the plurality of pressure studs. So it is possible to
  • the thread formation section can have a cylindrical contour in a main section and a conical shape in a start-up section arranged in front of it Have a contour.
  • the angle of the outer contour in the run-up section can be between 1 ° and 12 °, preferably 6 ° +/- 2 °.
  • the start-up section facilitates the formation of the thread shape in the workpiece.
  • a conical intermediate section can be provided upstream of the starting section or, if no starting section is provided, the main section.
  • the cone angle of the intermediate section is preferably 60 ° +/- 10 °.
  • the intermediate section serves on the one hand for easier access for a tool for forming the grooves in the thread forming section.
  • the intermediate section can be designed such that the material of the workpiece is heated again by pressure and friction after passing through the cylinder forming section.
  • the thread formation portion may also have a circular cross section. This is possible if the heated material is still so flexible after the flow form drilling that it can be displaced without the flexing effect of the press studs.
  • the geometry of the tool that is simplified in this way allows the tool to be manufactured more cheaply.
  • the thread formation section of the tool has a circular cross-sectional profile, one or more flutes that extend axially or helically over the length of the thread formation section and that have a cutting edge, and at least one groove that extends helically over the length of the thread formation section with a substantially notch-shaped cross section , With such a profile, the thread can be produced in the manner of a conventional thread cutter.
  • the thread forming portion of the tool has a circular cross-sectional profile of smaller diameter than that of the cylinder forming portion, one or more flutes that extend axially or helically along the length of the thread forming portion and that have a cutting edge and a plurality of circumferentially extending Grooves with a substantially notch-shaped cross-section.
  • the thread can be produced in the manner of a conventional thread milling cutter.
  • the thread forming portion of the tool may have a polygonal cross-sectional profile of a smaller circumferential diameter than that of the cylinder forming portion, the polygonal cross-sectional profile defining a plurality of press studs, and a plurality of circumferentially extending grooves having a substantially notch-shaped cross-section.
  • the polygon number is preferably between 4 and 12, particularly preferably between 4 and 8.
  • the tool can also have one or more cooling channels for supplying a cooling medium.
  • the temperature of the tool and thus also the temperature of the material to be machined can be controlled by supplying the cooling medium.
  • the tool can be combined with a hole edge shaping device, advantageously according to claim 43.
  • a hole edge shaping device advantageously according to claim 43.
  • the top of the threaded hole can also be in the desired shape be designed with one and the same tool.
  • the hole edge shaping device can be designed as a face mill, countersink, countersink or other form cutter.
  • the hole edge shaping device can connect to the thread formation section and can be formed in one piece with the tool or can be firmly connected to it.
  • the hole edge shaping device is particularly suitable for use in connection with the tool forms of the thread milling cutter and the circular thread turret.
  • the tool can have a rotation locking device and the hole edge shaping device can have a separately designed hole edge shaping part with a rotation locking counterpart, which cooperates with the rotation locking device of the tool in such a way that a relative movement of the hole edge shaping part with respect to the tool is prevented in the direction of rotation, while a relative movement of the hole edge shaping part with respect to the tool in Axial direction is made possible.
  • the hole edge shaping device can furthermore have a bearing part and a spring part, the bearing part being formed in one piece with the tool or preferably axially adjustable with it but being axially fixedly connectable and the spring part being arranged such that the hole edge forming device is resiliently supported against the bearing part.
  • the rotary locking device can be a flat radial flattening on the circumference of the tool, wherein the rotary locking counterpart can be formed by an adjusting element, preferably an adjusting screw, which is arranged in the perforated edge molded part and can be adjustable to a predetermined distance from the rotating locking device.
  • the rotary locking device can be a pin protruding in the radial direction on at least one side from the circumference of the tool and the rotary locking counterpart can be a groove made on the hole edge molded part, which comes into engagement with the pin when the hole edge molded part is fitted onto the tool.
  • the tool preferably consists of a high-strength material, such as solid carbide. This material is able to withstand the high temperatures and mechanical loads that occur. For machining softer materials such as aluminum, copper, brass or plastic, the tool can also be made of a less resistant material such as HSS. Of course, other high-strength materials such as cermets, i.e. Sintered materials or ceramics are used.
  • the tool can also wear a wear protection layer and / or a soft material layer, in particular in the area of the threaded part.
  • the applicant's coatings according to patent applications DE 102 12 383.7 and DE 103 47 981.3 are particularly effective layers and EP 03 006 383.8, to which express reference is made here and the disclosure of which is intended to be part of this application.
  • the above-mentioned object is achieved by a device according to claim 54.
  • FIGS. 1A to 1E a method according to the present invention with a tool according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 the tool according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention in an overall side view
  • FIGS. 3A to 3C components of a milling attachment arrangement for use on the tool from FIG. 2
  • Figure 4 is a plan view of the component of Figure 3A in the direction of an arrow I in Figure 3A
  • 5 shows an enlargement of the front region of the tool from FIG. 2 with the milling attachment arrangement from FIGS.
  • FIG. 9 shows a method using the tool according to the prior art; in FIGS. 10A to IOC a cross-sectional profile and a longitudinal-sectional profile of a conventional thread cutter and a geometry of a thread produced with such a tool; in Figures ILA to LLC a cross-sectional profile and a longitudinal section profile of a conventional thread turret and a geometry of a thread produced with such a tool; in Figure 12 is a schematic representation of the
  • FIGS. 1A to 1E Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings.
  • FIGS. 1A to 1E reference numerals have been omitted for the sake of clarity.
  • the reference numerals mentioned in this section refer to the tool shown in FIGS. 2 to 5.
  • a tool such as the tool 100 shown in FIG. 2, which is already referred to at this point in advance, has a cone 144 with a friction tip 142, for example in the form of a centering tip, in a manner known per se rotated at a certain speed and placed on a workpiece to be machined at a certain feed rate. This state is shown in Figure 1A.
  • FIG. 1B shows the state in which the tip of the tool breaks down.
  • the upper area of the resulting hole is already in engagement with a cylindrical part 146 of the tool 100, which adjoins the cone 144 in a manner known per se, while the lower area of the hole nestles around the cone 144 of the tool 100.
  • the tool moves at a feed rate that can differ from the feed rate when the tool 100 is placed on.
  • the thread is formed in the still warm material. Mechanical stresses on the tool are therefore reduced, even if there is a larger amount of material shift compared to conventional thread formers.
  • the thermal load, especially on the fine tooth profile of the thread formation section 160, is comparatively high. It is therefore important to choose a suitable material for the tool, possibly combined with suitable cooling.
  • the principle of the functioning of the tool shown in FIG. 1 is not restricted to a specific type of thread production. If the thread formation section 160 functions as a thread turret or circular thread turret, a further displacement or expansion of the hole results in the thread forming process. By means of a short, conical extension 162 after the cylindrical section 146 and before the actual thread forming part 164, 166, "heating of the material by friction can be achieved once again.
  • a cutting or milling attachment 200 reaches the end of the feed movement of the tool 100.
  • Tool 100 fixed in the direction of rotation, but axially is flexibly attached, the upper edge of the hole or the material thrown outwards. (The storage of the milling attachment will be described in more detail later.) As a result, the milling attachment removes the upper edge of the hole.
  • the resilience of the milling attachment in the axial direction is dimensioned such that material removal is possible, but the thread-forming part is not blocked in the thread which has just been formed and thereby destroys it.
  • both the feed and the rotary movement of the tool 100 end. The state just before the movement of the tool is ended is shown in FIG. 1D.
  • FIG. 2 shows a tool 100 according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • a substantially cylindrical shaft part 120 is provided with a driver section 122.
  • the driver section 122 is shown here as an outer square. However, the driver section can be different Take shapes, such as a plate, a slot, a hexagon, one or a plurality of longitudinal grooves, etc. A driver section can also be completely missing. The rear end can also be designed conically.
  • the shaft part can also have a different cross section overall, such as a hexagonal cross section or the like.
  • the shaft part 120 is to define the rear end of the tool in the axial direction thereof.
  • the opposite axial end is thus defined as the front end of the tool.
  • the front end of the tool has a machining part that can be divided into a flow drilling part 140 and a thread forming part 160.
  • the flow drilling portion 140 is also referred to as a friction and form section
  • the thread forming portion 160 is also referred to as a thread forming portion.
  • the flow drilling portion 140 has a friction concentration portion 142, an expansion portion 144, and a cylindrical shape portion 146.
  • the friction concentration section 142 is designed as a cylindrical grinding.
  • the friction concentration portion 142 may also be a grain tip or other shape.
  • the expansion section 144 which is connected to the
  • Friction concentration section connects is a
  • a cone angle WK of 10 to 30 °, measured from the center line LM, has proven to be particularly advantageous for the currently preferred applications. exposed.
  • the cone angle depends on the process parameters, in particular on the material to be processed.
  • the general cone shape can also have a convex or concave curvature.
  • the direction of curvature can also change in the course of the axial extension of the widening section. The displacement speed and direction can thus be controlled as a function of the diameter of the hole to be formed which has already been reached.
  • the expansion section 144 is followed by a cylindrical shape section 146.
  • This section 146 is preferably of a substantially cylindrical contour.
  • the smoothness of the hole wall and the material temperature during the transition into a thread-forming part 160 can be controlled via the length of the cylindrical shape section 146, since the deformation activity of the cylindrical shape section 146 is limited only to the smoothing of unevenness.
  • the cylindrical shape portion 146 can also be completely absent, so that the
  • Expansion section passes directly into the thread forming part 160.
  • a second substantially conical expansion section with a smaller cone angle than that of the expansion section 144 can also be provided.
  • the widening section and the cylindrical shaped section have a circular cross section.
  • the largest circumferential diameter or the largest width of the friction and molding section 140 of the tool is optimally adapted to the core diameter of the thread to be formed.
  • the thread formation part 160 adjoins the flow drilling part 140. This first has a further conical intermediate section 162, a run-up section 164 and a cylindrical main section 166.
  • the run-up portion 164 and the main portion 166 are collectively referred to as the threaded portion of the tool.
  • the cone angle WKZ of the intermediate section 162 is preferably between 40 and 80 °.
  • the intermediate section 162 serves to protect the first gear of the threaded part.
  • the intermediate section 162 can also take over the task of widening the hole cross section again and bring about a renewed heating and increasing the flowability of the material.
  • the run-up section 164 and the main section 166 form the actual thread forming part of the tool 100 and are with a thread forming profile with a geometry known per se.
  • the threaded part can have a polygonal cross section, wherein lubrication grooves can be made in the side surfaces of the polygon.
  • the number of polygons can start at 4 for threads of the order of M4 or M6 and grow with the thread diameter.
  • the cross section of the threaded part can also be circular if the fluidity of the processed material allows it. '' In particular with small thread diameters, a polygonal cross-section can be dispensed with anyway.
  • the section 146 can also be followed directly by the thread forming section 166 with a substantially constant outer diameter, which is tapered in a transition region (for example from one to three threads).
  • the tool 100 of the preferred embodiment is also provided with a flattening 180 in the transition area to the shaft part 120.
  • This flattening 180 serves as a counter bearing for an adjusting screw in a component 220, which is described below with reference to FIGS. 3A to 3C and FIG. 4.
  • FIGS. 3A to 3C the components of a milling attachment arrangement 200, which is shown in FIG. 5 when assembled with the tool 100, are shown individually.
  • FIG. 3A shows in longitudinal section a milling attachment 220 which is designed as an essentially rotationally symmetrical component and has an axial through hole 228.
  • An end face carries at least one cutting edge.
  • Milling attachment 220 arranged a plurality of cutting jaws 222.
  • the cutting jaws 222 have cutting edges
  • Through hole 228 is in its inner diameter at the
  • a set screw 230 is arranged in the threaded bore, which extends radially through a flank of the milling attachment 220. If the threaded attachment 220 is now pushed onto the tool 100 until it is in the area of the flattening 180, the adjusting screw 230 is screwed in so far that it protrudes into the bore 228 and is easily placed on the flat surface of the flattening 180. As a result, the milling attachment is axially displaceable, but is secured in the direction of rotation relative to the tool 100.
  • the milling attachment 220 can also have means (not shown) for securing the set screw.
  • the milling attachment 220 has a groove 224 in the vicinity of the second end face, which is in line with the second
  • Front defined a collar 226.
  • the groove 224 is provided for receiving a coil spring 240, which in
  • FIG. 3C shows a locking ring 260 which, in a manner analogous to the groove 224 in the milling attachment 220, has a groove 264 which defines a collar 266 with an end face of the locking ring 260.
  • the same coil spring 240 is to be inserted in this groove 264 in order to connect the milling attachment 220 to the locking ring 260 via the coil spring 240.
  • a locking screw 270 is arranged in a threaded hole which extends in the radial direction through a flank of the locking ring 260.
  • FIG. 5 shows the entire milling attachment arrangement 200 consisting of the milling attachment 220, the set screw 240, the helical spring 240, the locking ring 260 and the locking screw 270, together with the tool 100.
  • the entire milling attachment arrangement 200 is above the tool 100 pushed that the milling attachment 220 comes to rest even in the area of the flattening 180 so that the latter is opposite the adjusting screw 230.
  • the adjusting screw 230 is screwed in so far that it comes to rest loosely on the flattening 180, as a result of which the milling attachment is secured against twisting, but is just slightly axially displaceable.
  • the locking ring 260 comes to rest in the region of the shaft part 120 and is fixed with the aid of the locking screw 270.
  • the milling attachment 220 is resiliently supported on the locking ring 260 and thus on the tool 100 itself via the helical spring 240.
  • the locking ring can also be formed in one piece as a bearing section (not shown) of the tool.
  • the resilient mounting of the milling attachment 220 is necessary in order to be able to implement shaping of the hole edge in one operation with the flow form drilling and the thread production process. If the milling attachment were firmly connected to the tool 100 or were made in one piece with it, an axial force would arise between the milling attachment and the thread former, which would block the forward movement of the tool and ultimately tear the thread. Due to the resilient mounting, however, the axial force can be absorbed and the milling attachment can still exert its cutting effect in order to design the edge of the hole.
  • Process parameters Speed, feed speed and workpiece temperature must be coordinated so that the milling attachment experiences a sufficiently large axial force to perform its task can meet, but this axial force is not so great that the integrity of the thread is jeopardized.
  • the control of the machine can also include coupling the axial force.
  • FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of the present invention with a tool 500.
  • the tool has a shaft section 520 and a friction and shaping section 540 similar to the tool 100.
  • the thread formation section 560 is implemented in its main section 566 in the form of a thread cutter.
  • the flutes 568 can be clearly seen in FIG.
  • FIG. 6, which can also be used for the first embodiment. No flattening is provided on the tool 500 of this embodiment. Instead, a pin 585 extends in the region of the shaft part 520 in the radial direction through the tool 500. This pin 585 comes into engagement with two longitudinal grooves which extend in an inner bore of a milling attachment (not shown) which is modified from the illustration in FIG. 3A.
  • FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment of the present invention with a tool 300.
  • the thread formation part 360 is designed as a circular groove.
  • the threaded part 366 of the thread forming section 360 is designed in the form of circumferential grooves.
  • the cross section of the threaded part is designed as a polygon in a known manner. The characteristic of the thread formation corresponds essentially to that of thread milling, as shown in FIG. 15.
  • the circumferential diameter of the threaded part 366 is smaller than the largest diameter of the friction and molding part 340. Furthermore, FIG. that the thread forming part 360 is offset from the cylinder forming section 346 via a chamfer 348, which later serves to make it easier to execute the tool from the finished threaded hole, and an intermediate section 362.
  • FIG. 7 A further variant is shown in FIG. 7, which can be used for the present embodiment and for a further embodiment described below. It is clear that if, in the case of Embodiment according to FIG. 7, the thread is finished and the tool 300 has been placed in the center, the thread no longer has to be taken into account as in the case of the first and second embodiment, since the threaded part 366 is no longer in engagement with the material of the Workpiece is located. A resilient mounting of a possible element for processing the edge of the hole is therefore unnecessary.
  • the shaft part has a transition section 326 directly following the thread formation part 360, which has a diameter of at most the circumferential diameter of the main section 366.
  • a perforated section 324 which has a plurality of cutting elements 324a in its lower end face. In this way, a face milling element is realized, which allows the edge of the threaded hole to be plated or deburred after the thread has been formed.
  • the hole edge forming portion 324 is included
  • Tool receiving section 328 the diameter of which is adapted to a tool holder.
  • a separate milling attachment can also be used, which is fixed in the area of the shaft part 320.
  • the entire shaft part 320 has a diameter which does not exceed the circumferential outer diameter of the main section 366 of the thread forming part 366.
  • a fourth embodiment of the present invention will now be explained without being shown in a figure.
  • This fourth embodiment differs from the third embodiment in that
  • Thread formation section 360 the profile of a conventional thread milling cutter.
  • Thread formation section 360 the profile of a conventional thread milling cutter.
  • Boundary conditions such as material, machine environment, clamping conditions etc. result.
  • the edge of the threaded hole was deburred or clad with the help of an end mill. It is understood that such an operation is optional. There may be applications in which no deburring or plating of the threaded hole is required. In such a case, the tool is used without the milling attachment or a tool without a shaped section is used, and the edge of the hole is retained.
  • cooling channels and / or lubricant channels are provided in the tools described above for controlling the temperature profile and the material behavior, as required.
  • the supply of threading tools with cooling and lubrication channels is well known in the art and can For example, the company brochures of Guhring oHG mentioned above can be found.
  • cooling channels in particular can also extend into the area of the friction and molded part, in order, for example, to achieve rapid cooling before a subsequent machining thread forming process, where this is necessary.
  • the following tool was developed and tested for the machining of thin steel sheet with a wall thickness of 3 mm: Solid carbide tool in the design according to Fig. 5 with threaded molded part for forming a M8 6HX thread.
  • the threaded molded part with nine threads and the number of polygons 4 passes over a cone with a cone angle of 60 ° into a cylindrical section (146) with an axial length of 3 mm.
  • Section includes a conical
  • Expansion section (144) of variable length from 3 to 8 mm, with a centering tip with a maximum diameter of 2 mm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé, un outil est un dispositif de production d'alésages filetés, notamment dans des pièces de faible épaisseur. Une section de friction et d'élargissement de l'outil sert à chauffer la pièce par friction, essentiellement de part en part, et le matériau chauffé est déplacé dans les directions radiale et axiale par l'outil. Dans une ouverture créée par déplacement du matériau, un filetage est produit à l'aide d'une section de filetage du même outil. Le dispositif selon l'invention sert à recevoir et entraîner ledit outil, et à le commander selon ledit procédé.
PCT/DE2005/000442 2004-03-19 2005-03-11 Procede de perçage de moule d'intrusion avec production simultanee d'un filetage et outil de perçage de moule d'intrusion destine a la mise en oeuvre de ce procede WO2005089973A1 (fr)

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DE200410013640 DE102004013640A1 (de) 2004-03-19 2004-03-19 Werkzeug und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Gewindelöchern

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Cited By (6)

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WO2008009810A2 (fr) * 2006-07-18 2008-01-24 Faurecia Interieur Industrie Tube de traverse de planche de bord, et son procede de fabrication
FR2941638A1 (fr) * 2009-02-04 2010-08-06 Inter Meca Procede de generation d'un bourrelet dans une piece a paroi mince.
WO2011057748A1 (fr) * 2009-11-10 2011-05-19 Universität Paderborn Procédé de formage d'une pièce par friction
WO2017187329A1 (fr) * 2016-04-29 2017-11-02 Kauno technologijos universitetas Outil combiné de forage et de taraudage sans enlèvement de copeaux
WO2019049078A1 (fr) * 2017-09-07 2019-03-14 Universidade De Aveiro Outil multi-opérations de perforation par friction
CN110625373A (zh) * 2019-09-03 2019-12-31 安徽巨一自动化装备有限公司 一种流钻拧紧工艺参数转换关键点自适应切换方法

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US7441433B2 (en) * 2007-01-11 2008-10-28 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Tool for forming threaded hole in a hydroformed part
DE102007042281A1 (de) 2007-09-06 2009-03-12 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren zum Anbringen einer Sonde an einer Abgasbehandlungseinrichtung
DE102009013265B4 (de) * 2009-03-11 2013-01-31 Technische Universität Chemnitz Verfahren und Werkzeuge zum Herstellen einer Mischbaugruppe
WO2013133709A1 (fr) * 2012-03-08 2013-09-12 Flowdrill B.V. Mèche
DE102015008049B4 (de) 2015-06-19 2018-02-22 Wvl-Werkzeug- Und Vorrichtungsbau Lichtenstein Gmbh Gewinde-Formeinrichtung an einem Stanz- und Formwerkzeug

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DE2536611A1 (de) * 1975-08-16 1977-02-24 Daimler Benz Ag Verfahren zum spanlosen lochen von blechen
GB2091610A (en) * 1981-01-21 1982-08-04 Hiby Friedrich Karl Flow drilling tools
DE3238978A1 (de) * 1981-10-21 1983-05-05 Drabus B.V., Apeldoorn Schnell um seine achse drehbarer dorn zum bilden eines von einem kragen umgebenen loches in einer metallenen platte oder in der wand eines metallenen rohres
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WO2008009810A2 (fr) * 2006-07-18 2008-01-24 Faurecia Interieur Industrie Tube de traverse de planche de bord, et son procede de fabrication
FR2903955A1 (fr) * 2006-07-18 2008-01-25 Faurecia Interieur Ind Snc Tube de traverse de planche de bord, et son procede de fabrication.
WO2008009810A3 (fr) * 2006-07-18 2008-03-20 Faurecia Interieur Ind Tube de traverse de planche de bord, et son procede de fabrication
FR2941638A1 (fr) * 2009-02-04 2010-08-06 Inter Meca Procede de generation d'un bourrelet dans une piece a paroi mince.
WO2011057748A1 (fr) * 2009-11-10 2011-05-19 Universität Paderborn Procédé de formage d'une pièce par friction
WO2017187329A1 (fr) * 2016-04-29 2017-11-02 Kauno technologijos universitetas Outil combiné de forage et de taraudage sans enlèvement de copeaux
WO2019049078A1 (fr) * 2017-09-07 2019-03-14 Universidade De Aveiro Outil multi-opérations de perforation par friction
CN110625373A (zh) * 2019-09-03 2019-12-31 安徽巨一自动化装备有限公司 一种流钻拧紧工艺参数转换关键点自适应切换方法
CN110625373B (zh) * 2019-09-03 2021-07-09 安徽巨一科技股份有限公司 一种流钻拧紧工艺参数转换关键点自适应切换方法

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