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• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/13—Amines
  • A61K31/135—Amines having aromatic rings, e.g. ketamine, nortriptyline
  • A61K31/137—Arylalkylamines, e.g. amphetamine, epinephrine, salbutamol, ephedrine or methadone
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
  • A61P1/02—Stomatological preparations, e.g. drugs for caries, aphtae, periodontitis
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
  • A61P1/04—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for ulcers, gastritis or reflux esophagitis, e.g. antacids, inhibitors of acid secretion, mucosal protectants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
  • A61P11/06—Antiasthmatics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
  • A61P13/12—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of the kidneys
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
  • A61P17/06—Antipsoriatics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
  • A61P19/02—Drugs for skeletal disorders for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
  • A61P19/08—Drugs for skeletal disorders for bone diseases, e.g. rachitism, Paget's disease
  • A61P19/10—Drugs for skeletal disorders for bone diseases, e.g. rachitism, Paget's disease for osteoporosis
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/04—Centrally acting analgesics, e.g. opioids
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
  • A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
  • A61P37/08—Antiallergic agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00

Definitions

• beta-aminoalcohols including bufeniode, denopamine, fenoterol, formoterol, ifenprodil, isoxsuprine, labetalol, medroxalol, mesuprine, nylidrin, protokylol, ractopamine, ritodrine, salmefamol and sulfinalol. They have antihypertensive, vasodilator, sympathomimetic, bronchodilator or cardiostimulant activity through agonism and antagonism at alpha and beta adrenoceptors.
• phenyl substituted beta-amino alcohols (I) are inhibitors of cytokines and possess anti-inflammatory properties. According to the present invention, pain or an inflammatory condition, e.g. as described above, is treated by the use of a compound of general formula (I)
• Ri is H or Me
• R 2 is H or alkyl and R 3 is H or Me, or R 2 and R 3 are -CH 2 - thereby forming a ring
• n is 0 to 2
• X is CH 2 or O
• the two benzene rings are each optionally substituted with OH, OMe, halogen, NHCHO, NHSO 2 Me, CONH 2 , SOMe, OCH 2 O or CH 2 OH.
• Compounds of formula (I) include bufeniode, denopamine, fenoterol, formoterol, ifenprodil, isoxuprine, labetalol, medroxalol, mesuprine, nylidrin, protokylol, ractopamine, ritodrine, salmefamol and sulfinalol. It will be understood that the invention refers to salts, e.g. the hydrochloride, metabolites and pro-drugs thereof, as well as any diastereomers and enantiomers of (I).
• a preferred diastereomer or enantiomer of (I) has little or no activity at the ⁇ or ⁇ adrenoceptors. This activity may be determined by use of the appropriate in vitro assay, e.g. as described above. In particular, it has been found that for beta- amino alcohols (I), the enantiomers or diastereomers that have little or no activity at the ⁇ or ⁇ adrenoceptors are inhibitors of cytokines and possess anti-inflammatory properties as well as reducing pain in pain conditions where cytokines are involved. According to one aspect of the present invention, an inflammatory condition, e.g. as previously described, is treated by the use of enantiomers or diastereomers of beta-amino alcohols (I) that have little or no activity at the ⁇ or ⁇ adrenoceptors.
• pain such as acute, chronic or neuropathic pain (including, but not limited to, pain associated with cancer, surgery, arthritis, dental surgery, painful neuropathies, trauma, musculo-skeletal injury or disease, and visceral diseases) and migraine headache in mammals
• pain such as acute, chronic or neuropathic pain (including, but not limited to, pain associated with cancer, surgery, arthritis, dental surgery, painful neuropathies, trauma, musculo-skeletal injury or disease, and visceral diseases) and migraine headache in mammals
• enantiomers or diastereomers of beta-amino alcohols (I) that have little or no activity at the ⁇ or ⁇ adrenoceptors.
• a compound of formula (I) may be used to treat an inflammatory disease including, but not exclusive to, autoimmune diseases involving multiple organs, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and scleroderma, specific tissues or organs such as the musculoskeletal tissue (rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis), gastro-intestinal tract (Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis), the central nervous system (Alzheimer's, multiple sclerosis, motor neurone disease, Parkinson's disease and chronic fatigue syndrome), pancreatic beta cells (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus), the adrenal gland (Addison's disease), the kidney (Goodpasture's syndrome, IgA nephropathy and interstitial nephritis), exocrine glands (Sjogren's syndrome and autoimmune pancreatitis) and skin (psoriasis and atopic dermatitis), chronic inflammatory diseases such as osteoarthritis, periodon
• Dermatitis conditions that may be treated include actinic keratosis, acne rosacea, acne vulgaris, allergic contact dermatitis, angioedema, atopic dermatitis, bullous pemiphigoid, cutaneous drug reactions, erythema multiforme, lupus erythrometosus, photodermatitis, psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, scleroderma and urticaria.
• This invention also relates to the treatment of patients (including man and/or mammalian animals raised in the dairy, meat or fur industries or as pets) suffering from chronic, acute or neuropathic pain.
• Painful conditions that can be treated also include neuropathic pain (post-herpetic neuralgia, diabetic neuropathy, drug induced neuropathy, HIV mediated neuropathy, sympathetic reflex dystrophy or causalgia, fibromyalgia, myofacial pain, entrapment neuropathy, phantom limb pain, trigeminal neuralgia.
• neuropathic pain post-herpetic neuralgia, diabetic neuropathy, drug induced neuropathy, HIV mediated neuropathy, sympathetic reflex dystrophy or causalgia, fibromyalgia, myofacial pain, entrapment neuropathy, phantom limb pain, trigeminal neuralgia.
• Neuropathic conditions include central pain related to stroke, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, arachnoiditis, neoplasms, syringomyelia, Parkinson's and epilepsia. Any suitable route of administration can be used. For example, any of oral, topical, parenteral, ocular, rectal, vaginal, inhalation, buccal, sublingual and intranasal delivery routes may be suitable.
• the dose of the active agent will depend on the nature and degree of the condition, the age and condition of the patient and other factors known to those skilled in the art. A typical dose is 10-100 mg given one to three times per day. It will often be advantageous to use compounds of the invention in combination with another drug used for pain therapy.
• Such another drug may be an opiate or a non-opiate such as baclofen.
• a non-opiate such as baclofen.
• coadministration with gabapentin is preferred.
• Other compounds that may be used include acetaminophen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, a narcotic analgesic, a local anaesthetic, an NMDA antagonist, a neuroleptic agent, an anti- convulsant, an anti-spasmodic, an anti-depressant or a muscle relaxant.
• Compounds may be used according to the invention when the patient is also administered or in combination with another therapeutic agent selected from corticosteroids (examples include cortisol, cortisone, hydrocortisone, dihydrocortisone, fludrocortisone, prednisone, prednisolone, deflazacort, flunisolide, beconase, methylprednisolone, triamcinolone, betamethasone, and dexamethasone), disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) (examples include azulfidine, aurothiomalate, bucillamine, chlorambucil, cyclophosphamide, leflunomide, methotrexate, mizoribine, penicillamine and sulphasalazine), immunosuppressants (examples include azathioprine, cyclosporin, mycophenolate), COX inhibitors (examples include
• Rat Adjuvant Assay Male Wistar rats (180 to 200 g) were inoculated by subplantar injection of freund's adjuvant (suspension of Mycobacterium butyricum in mineral oil) into the right paw at day 0. Sham inoculations were injected in the same way with 0.9% saline in matched Male Wistar rats. On day 2 animals were weighed.
• the two racemates of ifenprodil have identical effects on TNF ⁇ levels and very similar effects on IL-10.
• Alphal adrenoceptor antagonism is known to raise cAMP levels.
• cAMP levels are known to modulate cytokine release. Consequently there is a possibility that some of the cytokine modulatory activity exhibited by the erythro racemate is due to its known alpha adrenoceptor antagonism.
• the ⁇ 1/2 adrenoceptor receptor binding affinity for the racemate strongly suggest that if this is the predominant mechanism for the cytokine modulatory activity of the two racemates, the TNF ⁇ and IL-10 effects would be quite different.
• ritodrine The tocolytic compound ritodrine has been found to have cytokine modulatory activity in terms of the LPS-induced systemic TNF ⁇ release in mouse blood. This translates to a functional anti-inflammatory activity described in the carrageenan paw oedema assay; ritodrine (30 mg/kg oral) has a greater effect than ibuprofen (100 g/kg oral). Labetalol In the rat adjuvant model of arthritis, two doses (30 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg) of labetalol were tested. Pronounced (and similar) efficacy was observed for both doses.

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• 2005
  • 2005-03-17 EP EP05718072A patent/EP1725226A2/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2005-03-17 JP JP2007503413A patent/JP2007529492A/ja not_active Withdrawn
  • 2005-03-17 AU AU2005224160A patent/AU2005224160A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2005-03-17 WO PCT/GB2005/001031 patent/WO2005089741A2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2005-03-17 CA CA002558126A patent/CA2558126A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2005-03-17 US US10/591,137 patent/US20070179181A1/en not_active Abandoned

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