WO2005083418A1 - 表面加工が施された試料保持面を有する試料ターゲットおよびその製造方法、並びに当該試料ターゲットを用いた質量分析装置 - Google Patents
表面加工が施された試料保持面を有する試料ターゲットおよびその製造方法、並びに当該試料ターゲットを用いた質量分析装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005083418A1 WO2005083418A1 PCT/JP2005/003055 JP2005003055W WO2005083418A1 WO 2005083418 A1 WO2005083418 A1 WO 2005083418A1 JP 2005003055 W JP2005003055 W JP 2005003055W WO 2005083418 A1 WO2005083418 A1 WO 2005083418A1
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- sample
- sample target
- holding surface
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/02—Details
- H01J49/04—Arrangements for introducing or extracting samples to be analysed, e.g. vacuum locks; Arrangements for external adjustment of electron- or ion-optical components
- H01J49/0409—Sample holders or containers
- H01J49/0418—Sample holders or containers for laser desorption, e.g. matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation [MALDI] plates or surface enhanced laser desorption/ionisation [SELDI] plates
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sample target used for mass spectrometry, a method for producing the same, and a mass spectrometer using the sample target.
- the present invention enables a sample to be ionized without using a matrix. And a method for producing the same, and a mass spectrometer using the sample target.
- Mass spectrometry is an analysis method in which a sample is ionized, and the mass-to-charge ratio (hereinafter, referred to as mZz value) of the sample or fragment ions of the sample is measured to determine the molecular weight of the sample.
- mZz value mass-to-charge ratio
- MALDI matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization
- the MALDI method is capable of ionizing a thermally unstable substance or a high molecular weight substance, and can "softly" ionize a sample as compared with other ionization techniques. Therefore, this method is widely used for mass spectrometry of various substances such as biopolymers, endocrine disruptors, synthetic polymers, and metal complexes.
- a technique of immobilizing a matrix such as ⁇ -cyano 4-hydroxycainic acid or cinnamamide to sepharose beads has been disclosed (for example, Reference 1: TW Hutchens and T. ⁇ . Yip, Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom., 7, pp. 576-580 (1993) .;).
- a technique has been disclosed for forming a self-assembled monolayer of methyl-N- (4 mercaptophen-rukabamate) as a matrix on the surface of gold as a target (for example, Reference 2: S Mouradian, CM Nelson, and LM Smith, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 118, p.8639-8645 (1996).).
- a technique of immobilizing a matrix, 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB), in a silicon polymer sheet by a sol-gel method is disclosed (for example, Reference 3: YS Lin and YC Chen, Anal. Chem. , 74, p.5793- 5798 (2002);).
- the technique of Reference 3 can measure low-molecular-weight organic substances, amino acids, and peptides with high sensitivity without generating matrix-related ions in a low-molecular region.
- the method of immobilizing matrix molecules as described above has a problem that the detection sensitivity and durability are not practically sufficient. Further, at the time of detection, there is a problem that noise due to fragment ions cannot be avoided.
- a technique using a semiconductor substrate (described as a semiconductor substrate) as a sample target is disclosed (for example, see Document 4: US Patent Publication: USP6288390 (November 9, 2001)).
- the sample holding surface of the semiconductor substrate is processed so as to have a porous structure, that is, a fine uneven structure.
- the document reports that when a sample is applied to such a sample holding surface and the sample is irradiated with laser light, a high molecular weight substance is ionized even without a matrix.
- This method is named DIOS (Desorption / Ionization on Porous Silicon) method.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to make a sample more efficient and stable in mass spectrometry that enables ionization of a sample without using a matrix. Another object of the present invention is to provide a sample target capable of performing ion implantation, a method for producing the same, and a mass spectrometer using the sample target.
- the sample target used has a fine uneven structure on the sample holding surface formed by an electrolytic etching method (for example, the above-mentioned Document 4, Document 5: J. Wei, JM Buriak, and G. Siuzdak, Nature, 399, p. 243-246 (1999), Reference 6: Z. Shen, JJ Thomas, C. Averbuj, KM Broo, M. Engelhard, JE Crowell, MG Finn, and G See Siuzdak, Anal. Chem., 73, p.612-619 (2001).
- FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional processing state of a conventional sample target used in the D IOS method. As shown in FIG. 7, an irregular concavo-convex structure is formed on the sample holding surface of this sample target.
- FIG. 7 shows an example of a cross section of a conventional sample target which is actually used in the DIOS method !.
- the uneven structure of the sample holding surface is irregular. It has a shape.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to improve the stability of analysis results obtained in mass spectrometry by the DIOS method, and to further enhance its practicality. It is an object of the present invention to provide a sample target and a method of manufacturing the same, and a mass spectrometer using the sample target.
- the present inventor has conducted intensive studies in view of the above problem, and as a result, it has been found that the conductivity of the sample holding surface of the sample target can be enhanced by coating the metal with a metal that does not suppress the oxidation of the fine uneven structure. For example, the present inventors have uniquely found that a sample can be ionized more efficiently and stably, and have completed the present invention.
- the structure of the sample holding surface of the sample target can be formed with good reproducibility, and the analysis result of the mass spectrometry by the DIOS method is more stable. We have uniquely found that we can do it, and completed the present invention.
- the sample target according to the present invention is used to hold the sample when the sample is ionized by laser light irradiation and mass spectrometric analysis is performed.
- the sample target is provided with a surface having a fine uneven structure on the order of several tens of micrometers as a sample holding surface, characterized in that the surface of the sample holding surface is coated with metal. Puru.
- the metal is preferably at least one of platinum (Pt) and gold (Au).
- the uneven structure of the sample holding surface is a structure in which a plurality of concave portions are regularly formed. Is preferred.
- the sample target according to the present invention is used for holding the sample when the sample is ion-irradiated by laser light and subjected to mass spectrometry.
- a sample target provided with a surface having an uneven structure as a sample holding surface, wherein the uneven structure of the sample holding surface is a structure in which a plurality of recesses are regularly formed. Yo! / ,.
- the interval between adjacent concave portions is preferably 1 nm or more and less than 30 m.
- the width of the concave portion is not less than lnm and less than 30m.
- the depth of the concave portion is not less than lnm and less than 30m. Is preferred.
- the concave and convex structure of the sample holding surface is a structure in which a plurality of concave portions are regularly formed, and the concave portion is preferably a groove or a hole.
- the concave portion is a groove
- the repetition of the concave portion has a structure in which grooves formed in different directions intersect with each other.
- the hole preferably has a columnar or prismatic shape.
- the material of at least the sample holding surface of the sample target is preferably a semiconductor, and more preferably silicon (Si).
- the method for manufacturing a sample target according to the present invention is used for holding the sample when the sample is ionized by laser light irradiation and subjected to mass spectrometry, and is used in the order of nanometers to tens of micrometers.
- a method for manufacturing a sample target comprising a surface having a fine concavo-convex structure as a sample holding surface, comprising a step of coating the surface of the sample holding surface with a metal.
- an interval of lnm or more and less than 30 m is formed on the surface of the substrate using lithography technology. It is preferable to form a sample holding surface on the surface by regularly and repeatedly forming concave portions having a width of less than 30 m.
- the method for producing a sample target according to the present invention is used for holding the sample when the sample is ionized by laser irradiation and mass spectrometric analysis is performed.
- This is a method for manufacturing a sample target that has a surface with a fine irregular structure of the order as a sample holding surface, and uses a lithography technology to provide an interval of lnm or more and less than 30 m and less than 30 m on the substrate surface.
- a configuration may be provided in which a sample holding surface is formed on the surface by regularly forming a concave portion having a width of.
- the lithography technique it is preferable to form the recess using an electron beam drawing apparatus.
- the mass spectrometer of the present invention performs mass spectrometry using any of the above sample targets. Further, the mass spectrometer is preferably a laser desorption / ionization mass spectrometer that irradiates a sample to be measured with a laser beam to ionize the sample and measure its molecular weight. .
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an uneven structure on the surface of a sample target according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the cross-sectional view is obtained by observing the sample target of the present invention with a scanning electron microscope.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a shape of a groove of the sample target shown in FIG. 1, wherein (a) is a perspective view of a part of the sample target, and (b) is a perspective view of the sample target shown in (a).
- FIG. 3 is a plan view as seen from the direction of arrow A, and FIG. 3 (c) is a cross-sectional view of the sample target shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the shape of a groove of a lattice-type sample target, (a) is a perspective view of a part of the sample target, and (b) is a view of the sample target shown in (a).
- FIG. 3 is a plan view as seen from the direction of arrow A
- FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view when the sample target shown in FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a shape of a groove of a hole-shaped sample target, wherein (a) is a perspective view of a part of the sample target, and (b) is a arrow mark A showing the sample target shown in (a).
- FIG. 3 is a plan view seen from the direction
- FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view when the sample target shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a mass spectrum obtained by performing a mass spectrometric measurement of TRITON X-100 using the sample target prepared in Example 5.
- FIG. 6 is a mass spectrum obtained by performing a mass spectrometry measurement on polypropylene glycol using the sample target prepared in Example 5.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a processed state of the surface of a sample target used in the conventional DIOS method. This cross-sectional view is obtained by observing the sample target with a scanning electron microscope.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a processing state of a sample holding surface of a sample target manufactured by Mass Consortium used in Example 1; This cross-sectional view is obtained by observing the sample target with a scanning electron microscope.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the results of observing the surface of a porous plastic Porex manufactured by POREX TECHNOLOGIES in the United States used in Example 2 with a scanning electron microscope.
- the inventors of the present application focused on this point, and solved the above-mentioned problem by increasing the conductivity of the surface of the sample holding surface by coating the surface of the sample holding surface having a fine uneven structure with metal. I thought I could do it. Then, by actually increasing the conductivity of the surface of the sample holding surface by coating with metal, It has been found that the sample can be stably ionized more efficiently and the sample holding surface can be suppressed from being oxidized, and the present invention has been completed.
- the sample target according to the present invention is used to hold the sample when the sample is ion-irradiated by laser light irradiation and subjected to mass spectrometry, and is used to hold the sample in the order of nanometers to tens of micrometers.
- the inventors of the present application have proposed a method for solving the problem of using a chemical modification with an organic compound to suppress oxidation of a sample holding surface having a fine uneven structure.
- was coated with metal and it was found that this significantly improved the ionization efficiency. That is, it is considered that by coating the sample holding surface with a metal to increase the conductivity of the sample holding surface, an effect of remarkably improving the ion implantation efficiency could be obtained.
- the sample target according to the present invention is a metal-coated sample target in which the conductivity of the sample holding surface is increased to improve the efficiency of ion implantation. Therefore, the sample target of the present invention also includes a sample target whose surface is coated with a metal to be oxidized.
- the metal used is a metal that is difficult to be oxidized, the ionization efficiency is improved and the oxidation of the sample holding surface having the uneven structure is suppressed.
- the inventors of the present application focused on the microfabrication technology used in this nanotechnology, and developed a microstructure having a relatively simple structure such as easy to process! / We thought that it could be used for surface processing of the sample target used. And actually By using powerful microfabrication technology, it has been found that it is possible to stably produce a regular uneven shape on the surface, and it is possible to stably produce good quality sample targets. .
- the sample target according to the present invention is used to hold the sample when the sample is ionized by laser light irradiation and mass spectrometric analysis is performed, and the sample target has a fine size on the order of nanometers to tens of micrometers.
- V is a sample target in which the surface of the sample holding surface is coated with a metal, and the concave and convex structure of the sample holding surface has a plurality of recesses formed regularly. Therefore, a sample target is also included.
- the sample target according to the present invention is used for a laser desorption / ionization mass spectrometer that ionizes and mass-analyzes a sample by irradiating a laser beam, and functions as a so-called sample stage on which a sample to be analyzed is placed. .
- the structure, shape, material, and the like of portions other than the sample holding surface are not particularly limited as long as the large sample target has a sample holding surface that holds a sample.
- Examples of the material of the sample target include resins such as semiconductors, metals, and synthetic polymers, ceramics, and composites containing a plurality of these materials.
- Examples of a powerful composite include, for example, a multilayer structure in which a semiconductor film is applied to the surface of a metal layer, a multilayer structure in which a semiconductor film is applied to the surface of a resin layer, and ceramics. Examples thereof include a multilayer structure having a surface coated with a semiconductor film, but the composite is not limited thereto.
- the sample holding surface of the sample target according to the present invention holds a sample to be analyzed, and is irradiated with laser light while holding the sample.
- the material of the sample holding surface is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include semiconductors, metals, resins such as synthetic polymers, and ceramics. Even if it is a material having no conductivity, the efficiency of ion implantation can be improved by coating with a metal.
- the material of the sample holding surface is more preferably a semiconductor. By using a semiconductor, a sample can be ionized more efficiently.
- the semiconductor is not particularly limited and may be any semiconductor.
- semiconductors are, for example, Si, Ge, SiC, GaP, GaAs, InP, Si Ge (0x
- Si is more preferable.
- Examples of the metals include Group 1A (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr), Group 2A (Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra) and Group 3A in the periodic table of the elements. (Sc, Y), Group 4A (Ti, Zr, Hf), Group 5A (V, Nb, Ta), Group 6A (Cr, Mo, W), Group 7A (Mn, Tc, Re), Group 8 (Fe , Ru, Os, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt), Group IB (Cu, Ag, Au), Group 2B (Zn, Cd, Hg), Group 3B (Al), and lanthanoid series (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu), actinoid series (Ac, Th, Pa, U, Np, Pu, Am, Cm , Bk, Cf, Es, Fm, Md
- Examples of the synthetic polymer include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polystyrene, polysiloxane, polystannoxane, polyamide, polyester, polyaline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, and polyurethane. , Polyethylene ether ketone, poly (4-fluoroethylene), copolymers and mixtures thereof, and graft polymers and block polymers.
- the ceramics include alumina (aluminum oxide), magnesia, beryllia, zirconia (zirconium oxide), uranium oxide, thorium oxide, silica (quartz), forsterite, steatite , Walsteinite, ginorecon, mullite, cordierite Z cordierite, spodumene, aluminum titanate, spinel apatite, barium titanate, ferrite, lithium niobate, silicon nitride (silicon nitride), sialon, aluminum nitride, boron nitride, Titanium nitride, silicon carbide (silicon carbide), boron carbide, titanium carbide, tungsten carbide, lanthanum boride, titanium boride, zirconium boride, sulfur nitride, molybdenum sulfide, molybdenum silicate, amorphous carbon, graphite , Iy
- the sample holding surface of the sample target according to the present invention has a fine uneven structure on the order of nanometers!
- fine uneven structure on the order of nanometers to several tens of micrometers means an uneven structure formed in a fine unit that is usually expressed in units of nanometers or tens of micrometers. I have.
- a unit fine enough to be expressed in a unit of nanometer or several tens of micrometers specifically means a size of lnm—several tens / zm.
- the sample holding surface of the sample target that works in the present invention may have a fine uneven structure on the order of nanometers or several tens of micrometers. It is more preferred to have.
- the “fine uneven structure on the order of nanometers” means an uneven structure formed in fine units that are usually expressed in nanometer units.
- a unit fine enough to be expressed in nanometer units specifically means a size of lnm or more and less than 1 ⁇ m.
- a sample holding surface having a strong structure is coated with metal, a sample is placed on the surface, and the sample is irradiated with laser light.
- the structure is not particularly limited as long as the structure is such that a high molecular weight material can be formed without a matrix.
- the multi-hole structure of the sample target used in the laser desorption / ionization mass spectrometry by the DIOS method is included in the above-mentioned uneven structure.
- the size of the fine concavo-convex structure on the sample holding surface may be on the order of nanometers to tens of micrometers, ie, about lnm—several tens / zm. That is, the interval between each adjacent concave portion or each convex portion of the concavo-convex structure may be about lnm—several tens / zm.
- the distance between the adjacent concave portions or convex portions is preferably lnm or more and less than 30 m, and lnm-10 m. It is more preferable that it is 10 nm to 300 nm, and it is more preferable that it is 10 nm to 300 nm. This improves the ionization of the measurement sample in mass spectrometry. Can do well.
- the interval between adjacent concave portions or each convex portion of the concavo-convex structure may be regular or irregular. However, in order to further improve the function as a sample target for mass spectrometry, it is more preferable to be regular. When the intervals between the concave portions or the convex portions are regular, the irregularity of the irregularities is small, and thus the ionization performance is more stable.
- the depth of the concave portion of the concave-convex structure may be about lnm or more and less than 30 ⁇ m. However, in order to further improve the function as a sample target for mass spectrometry, lOnm— is more preferable, and 50 nm—500 nm is more preferable. preferable. Further, the depth of the concave portion may vary or may be uniform. However, in order to further improve the function as a sample target for mass spectrometry, it is preferable that the depth of the concave portion is uniform. When the depth of the concave portion is uniform, the unevenness of the concave and convex portions is small, so that the ionizing performance is more stable.
- the specific shape of the concave portion is not particularly limited, and may be any shape.
- the concave-convex structure may include a mixture of concave portions having various shapes that are not fixed. However, in order to further improve the function as a sample target for mass spectrometry, it is preferable that the concave-convex structure also has a concave force of a certain shape.
- the forceful shape include shapes such as grooves, lattices where the grooves intersect, holes, and the like.
- the shape of the above-mentioned grooves and holes is not particularly limited, and may be any shape. For example, a straight groove; a curved groove; an arc-shaped groove; a circular hole; Shaped holes: Triangular, square, pentagonal and other polygonal holes can be mentioned.
- the wall surface of the concave portion may be perpendicular to the sample holding surface, or may have a slope.
- the uneven structure may be formed on the entire sample holding surface.
- the uneven structure of the sample holding surface of the sample target of the present invention has a plurality of irregularities. It is more preferable that the concave portions are formed regularly.
- the structure in which the plurality of concave portions are regularly formed includes a structure described in another embodiment described later.
- the uneven structure of the sample holding surface of the sample target of the present invention can be variously deformed, and is required for simplicity at the time of manufacturing (at the time of fine processing of the sample holding surface) and for manufacturing. It can be appropriately selected in consideration of the cost.
- the sample target according to the present invention has a surface of the sample holding surface coated with a metal.
- a metal include, for example, Group 1A (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr), Group 2A (Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra), 3A Group (Sc, Y), Group 4A (Ti, Zr, Hf), Group 5A (V, Nb, Ta), Group 6A (Cr, Mo, W), Group 7A (Mn, Tc, Re), Group 8 (Fe, Ru, Os, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt), Group IB (Cu, Ag, Au) ⁇ Group 2B (Zn, Cd, Hg), Group 3B (Al), and lanthanoid series ( La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu), actinoid series (Ac, Th, Pa, U, Np, Pu, Am, C
- the metal may be a single metal selected from the above-described metal forces, or may be an alloy selected from the above-mentioned metals and having at least two or more kinds of forces.
- an alloy is not particularly limited as long as it is a metal in which two or more kinds of metals are mixed.
- Examples of the existing form of the two or more metals mixed include a solid solution, an intermetallic compound, a state in which a solid solution and an intermetallic compound are mixed, and the like.
- the thickness of the coated metal is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the uneven structure of the sample holding surface. Specifically, for example, it is preferably 1 nm or more and 100 nm or less. When the thickness of the metal does not exceed the upper limit, the uneven structure of the sample holding surface is not damaged, and when the thickness is larger than the lower limit, efficient ionization becomes possible. Further, the thickness of the metal is more preferably 1 nm or more and 50 nm or less, particularly preferably 1 nm or more and 30 nm or less. This enables more efficient ionization.
- the surface of the sample holding surface may be covered with a plurality of layers each formed from a plurality of metals selected from the above metals.
- the method for manufacturing a sample target according to the present invention is used to hold a sample when the sample is ionized by laser light irradiation and mass spectrometry is performed, and fine irregularities on the order of nanometers to tens of micrometers are used.
- the method of coating the surface of the sample holding surface with a metal is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known method can be suitably used. Examples of such a method include a sputtering method, a chemical vapor deposition method (CVD), a vacuum deposition method, an electroless plating method, an electrolytic plating method, a coating method, a noble metal varnish method, and an organic metal thin film method. These methods may be appropriately selected and used depending on the type of metal, the thickness of the layer to be coated, the state of the sample holding surface to be coated, and the like.
- a method for manufacturing the sample holding surface having a fine uneven structure on the order of nanometers to several tens of micrometers is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known method can be suitably used. Examples of such a method include an electrolytic etching method and a lithography method. By using the lithography method, it is possible to manufacture the sample holding surface having a finer irregular structure than a regular pattern.
- the surface of the substrate is lnm to 30 ⁇ m by using lithography technology.
- m more preferably lOnm or more and less than 1 ⁇ m, and regularly forming concave portions having a width of less than 30 ⁇ m and more preferably less than 1 ⁇ m to form a sample on the surface.
- a method of forming a holding surface may be used.
- the lithography technique it is preferable to form the recess using an electron beam drawing apparatus. Heel The method of regularly forming the plurality of concave portions includes a method described in another embodiment described later.
- the sample target of the present invention is used as a so-called sample stage for mounting a sample to be measured when performing mass spectrometry of various substances such as a biopolymer, an endocrine disrupting substance, a synthetic polymer, and a metal complex. can do. Further, the sample target is particularly useful when used in laser desorption / ionization mass spectrometry because it can efficiently and stably ionize a sample.
- a mass spectrometer using the above-described sample target of the present invention is also included in the scope of the present invention.
- the sample target can efficiently and stably ionize a sample, particularly when used in a laser desorption ionization mass spectrometer. Therefore, the mass spectrometer of the present invention is more specifically a laser-desorption ionization mass spectrometer that irradiates a sample to be measured with laser light to ionize it and measure the molecular weight of the sample. I prefer to be there.
- the sample is irradiated with laser light.
- the sample can be satisfactorily ionized.
- the inventors of the present application focused on the microfabrication technology used in this nanotechnology, and developed a microstructure having a relatively simple structure such as easy to process! / We thought that it could be used for surface processing of the sample target used for prayer.
- the use of microfabrication technology that can actually be applied makes it possible to stably produce regular irregularities on the surface, and to stably produce good-quality sample targets. And found that the present invention was completed.
- the sample target according to the present invention is used to hold the sample when the sample is ionized by laser light irradiation and mass spectrometric analysis is performed.
- the present invention also includes a sample target having a surface having an uneven structure as a sample holding surface, wherein the sample holding surface has a structure in which a plurality of recesses are regularly formed.
- the sample target used in the present embodiment is used in a laser desorption / ionization mass spectrometer that ionizes a sample by irradiating a laser beam and performs mass spectrometry, and functions as a so-called sample stage on which a sample to be analyzed is placed. It fulfills.
- the sample target of this embodiment has a fine uneven structure on the order of nanometers to tens of micrometers on a surface for holding a sample, that is, a sample holding surface.
- the uneven structure has a structure in which a plurality of recesses are formed regularly and repeatedly.
- the sample holding surface of the sample target has a fine uneven structure on the order of nanometers to tens of micrometers.
- fine uneven structure on the order of nanometers to several tens of micrometer means an uneven structure formed in minute units that are usually expressed in nanometer units to tens of micrometer units.
- a unit as fine as nanometers or as small as several tens of micrometers specifically means a size of lnm—several tens / zm.
- the sample holding surface of the sample target that can be used in the present invention has a fine uneven structure on the order of several nanometers or several tens of micrometers. It is more preferable to have an uneven structure.
- the “fine uneven structure on the order of nanometers” means an uneven structure formed in a fine unit that is usually expressed in nanometer units.
- a unit fine enough to be expressed in units of nanometers is, specifically, 1 nm or more. It means a size less than ⁇ m.
- the concave portion formed on the sample holding surface of the sample target according to the present embodiment has a structure in which a plurality of concave portions are regularly formed.
- a structure in which a plurality of recesses are regularly formed means a structure in which a plurality of recesses are repeatedly formed with a certain regularity.
- a structure in which a plurality of grooves or holes described later are repeatedly formed can be given.
- the interval between adjacent concave portions of the sample target is preferably lnm or more and less than 30 / zm. LOnm or more More preferably, it is less than 1 m.
- the interval between the concave portions is less than 30 ⁇ m, preferably less than about 1 ⁇ m, the measurement sample can be satisfactorily ionized in mass spectrometry.
- the interval between the concave portions is at least lnm, preferably at least lOnm, the strength of the sample target can be prevented from being reduced.
- Specific examples of the shape of the concave portion include a shape of a groove or a hole. Such a shape can be easily and inexpensively formed by the current nanotechnology such as a lithography method when the surface of the sample holding surface of the sample target is processed.
- the width of the concave portion is set to be lnm or more and less than 30 ⁇ m, more preferably lOnm or more and less than 1 m, and the depth of the concave portion is set to lnm or more and less than 30 / zm. Preferably, it may be set to be not less than lOnm and less than Lm. If the width and depth of the recess are within the above ranges, the size is several hundred nm, such as a 337 nm nitrogen laser generally used in current laser desorption ionization mass spectrometers. Since the wavelength of the laser beam is almost the same as that of the laser beam in the ultraviolet region, the energy of the laser beam can be trapped well. In addition, when the width and the depth of the concave portion are within the above ranges, good ionizing efficiency can be obtained.
- FIG. 1 shows a specific example of the shape of the sample holding surface of the sample target when the recess is a groove.
- the sample target that works in this embodiment has a plurality of grooves having an interval of lnm or more and less than 30 ⁇ m, more preferably, lOnm or more and less than 1 ⁇ m. It may have an arranged shape.
- the sample target having the shape shown in FIG. 1 is referred to as a groove-shaped sample target here.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the shape of the groove of the groove-shaped sample target.
- FIG. 2 (a) is a perspective view showing a part of the sample target, and FIG.
- FIG. 2 (b) is a view from above the sample holding surface ((a 2A) is a plan view as viewed from the direction of arrow A), and FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view of the groove shape (a cross-sectional view as viewed from the direction of arrow B in FIG. 3A).
- the interval between the recesses (grooves) means the size of the portion indicated by C in FIG. 2 (c), and the width of the recesses (grooves) is 0 in FIG. 2 (c). This means the size of the portion shown, and the depth of the concave portion (groove) means the size of the portion shown by E in FIG. 2 (c).
- the distance between the grooves is less than 30 m, more preferably less than Lm, the ionization of the sample placed on the sample target when performing mass spectrometry is performed. Can be performed well. Further, if the interval between the grooves is at least lnm, more preferably at least lOnm, it is possible to perform processing without using advanced techniques in the current fine processing technology. In order to perform ionization of the measurement sample more favorably, it is more preferable that the interval between the grooves is less than 200 nm. On the other hand, in order to easily and inexpensively perform the microfabrication of the sample holding surface, it is preferable that the interval between the grooves is lnm or more, more preferably lOnm or more.
- the width and depth of the groove are preferably lnm or more and less than 30 ⁇ m, more preferably lOnm or more and less than 1 ⁇ m. Good.
- the interval between the grooves is more preferably lOnm or more and less than 200 nm.
- FIG. 3 shows an example of a sample target having such a groove structure.
- (a) is a perspective view showing a part of the sample target
- (b) is a plan view seen from above the sample holding surface (in the direction of arrow A in (a))
- (c) Is a cross-sectional view of the groove shape (a cross-sectional view of a cut surface indicated by a broken line B in (a)).
- the sample target shown in Fig. 3 has two grooves that intersect vertically.
- the sample target having such a groove is referred to as a lattice-type sample target.
- the interval between the concave portions (grooves) means the size of the portion indicated by C in FIG. 3 (c), and the width of the concave portions (grooves) is indicated by D in FIG. 3 (c).
- the shape of the concave portion of the sample target of the present embodiment is not limited to the above-described groove type or lattice type, but may be any other shape.
- One example is a hole-shaped shape as shown in FIG.
- the sample target shown in FIG. 4 is a case where the above-mentioned hole is particularly cylindrical, and a sample target having such a hole is called a hole-type sample target.
- FIG. 4 (a) is a perspective view showing a part of the sample target, (b) is a plan view seen from above the sample holding surface (in the direction of arrow A in (a)), and (c) is a grooved shape.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view (a cross-sectional view of a cut surface along a broken line B in (a)).
- the interval between the holes means the size of the portion indicated by C in FIG. 4 (c)
- the width of the hole is the size of the portion indicated by D in FIG. 4 (c). It means the size, and the depth of the hole means the size of the portion indicated by E in FIG. 4 (c).
- the cross-sectional view shown in FIG. 4 (c) is a cross-sectional view of a portion including the diameter of the hole. Therefore, the width of the hole means the diameter of the circular hole, and the space between the holes means the space between the places where the adjacent holes are closest to each other.
- the hole-type sample target has not only a columnar hole as shown in Fig. 4 but also a prismatic hole such as a quadrangular prism, a triangular prism, a pentagonal prism, and a hexagonal prism. There may be. Note that the above-described lattice-type sample target has a prismatic hole, and is therefore one of the hole-type sample targets.
- the wall surface of the concave portion is preferably perpendicular to the bottom surface of the sample target, but has a slight inclination. But it doesn't work.
- the angle at which the grooves in different directions intersect is not limited to 90 degrees as shown in FIG. 3, but may be other than 90 degrees.
- the cross-sectional shape of the hole does not need to be a perfect circle, and it does not work even if it has an elliptical shape or some deformation. Also, such structures need not occupy all parts of the sample target.
- the shape of the concave portion of the sample target of the present embodiment can be variously deformed, and the simplicity at the time of manufacturing (at the time of fine processing of the sample holding surface) and the cost required for manufacturing are reduced. It can be appropriately selected in consideration of the above.
- the shape that can be most easily formed is the groove-type shape.
- a resin such as a semiconductor, a metal, and a synthetic polymer, a ceramic, or the like may be used.
- a composite containing a plurality of the above-described materials specifically, a coated structure in which a metal film is applied to a semiconductor surface, or a metal film is applied to a resin surface.
- An applied covering structure or the like may be employed.
- these materials it is preferable to use a semiconductor because processing technology is advanced and processing is easy.
- Examples of the semiconductor include Si, Ge, SiC, GaP, GaAs, InP, and SiGe (
- Examples of the metals include Group 1A (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr), Group 2A (Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra) and Group 3A of the periodic table. (Sc, Y), Group 4A (Ti, Zr, Hf), Group 5A (V, Nb, Ta), Group 6A (Cr, Mo, W), Group 7A (Mn, Tc, Re), Group 8 (Fe , Ru, Os, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt), Group IB (Cu, Ag, Au), Group 2B (Zn, Cd, Hg), Group 3B (Al), and lanthanoid series (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu), actinoid series (Ac, Th, Pa, U, Np, Pu, Am, Cm , Bk, Cf, Es, Fm, Md, No,
- Examples of the synthetic polymer include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polystyrene, polysiloxane, polystanoxane, polyamide, polyester, polyaline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, and polyurethane. , Polyethylene ether ketone, poly (4-fluoroethylene), copolymers and mixtures thereof, and graft polymers and block polymers.
- Examples of the ceramics include alumina (aluminum oxide), magnesia, beryllia, zirconia (zirconium oxide), uranium oxide, thorium oxide, thorium, silica (quartz), forsterite, and steatite.
- the sample target when performing laser desorption / ionization mass spectrometry, the sample can be ionized without using matrix molecules.
- the sample target described above has a regular microscopic uneven structure on the order of nanometers or tens of micrometers. In addition, it is possible to stabilize the ionizing performance.
- the sample target used in the present embodiment has, as a sample holding surface, a surface having a fine uneven structure on the order of nanometers to tens of micrometers as a sample holding surface.
- the structure has a structure in which concave portions having a depth of at least lnm, more preferably at least lOnm are regularly formed. Therefore, high-precision microfabrication technology used in nanotechnology is required to manufacture this sample target.
- Examples of the high-precision microfabrication technology used in nanotechnology include, for example, the Nanotechnology Knowledge Research Group of the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, “Nanotechnology Handbook” (2003) published by Nikkei Business Publications, Inc. and Tomo Kawai There is a method listed in "Introduction to Nanotechnology” published by Ohmsha.
- the lithography method is one of the most widely used methods for microfabrication of tens of micrometers with a force of 10 nanometers at present.
- Lithography methods include photolithography, electron beam lithography, ion beam lithography, nanoimprint lithography, and Dave Pen nanolithography.
- the size of the writing shape is not limited by the wavelength of light as in general optical lithography, so that finer writing can be performed. Thereby, a fine uneven structure can be formed.
- a device design drawing is printed on a metal plate called a mask, and a portion of the mask is processed so as to transmit light, and the other portion is processed so as not to transmit light. Keep it. Then, light is applied to the processed design drawing and the light is reduced by a lens, and the pattern of the design drawing is reduced and projected. At this point, a photosensitizer is applied to the material that will be the base of the device, and when the project is reduced and projected on the base, the pattern of the design drawing is printed thereon.
- the photosensitive agent applied to the base is called a resist.
- Molecules that cause a photoreaction when solidified by exposure to light or become insoluble in a polymerized solution are used for the resist. If the substrate material with the Noturn is baked into a solution that dissolves it, it is possible to dissolve only the hardened part of the illuminated resist, but not the rest. By using the resist pattern formed in this way and performing further etching, fine processing on the substrate becomes possible.
- an electron beam writing apparatus is generally used. The precision with which a fine structure is created depends greatly on the performance of this electron beam lithography system.
- a method of manufacturing a sample target using a lithography technique is also included in the scope of the present embodiment.
- the method for manufacturing a sample target according to the present embodiment is used to hold the sample when the sample is ion-irradiated by laser light irradiation and mass spectrometry, and has a fine uneven structure of the order of nanometers to tens of micrometers.
- a method for manufacturing a sample target comprising: a surface having a surface as a sample holding surface, wherein a distance of lnm or more and less than 30 ⁇ m, more preferably lOnm or more and less than 1 ⁇ m, And, more preferably: forming a sample-holding surface on the surface by regularly and repeatedly forming recesses having a width of less than 30 m.
- the method of manufacturing a sample target that is effective in the present embodiment uses a lithography technique to provide a substrate surface with an interval of lnm or more and less than 30 ⁇ m, more preferably an interval of lOnm or more and less than 1 ⁇ m, and 30 / ⁇ , more preferably:
- sample targets having various shapes of concave portions such as the above-described groove type, lattice type, and hole type can be manufactured.
- the manufacturing method of the present embodiment employs the above-described method.
- Various lithography methods are used.
- a photosensitizer is applied in a predetermined shape using an electron beam lithography apparatus, and then electrolytic etching is performed. It is preferable to use one line lithography method.
- this electron beam lithography method finer writing can be performed as compared with general optical lithography, thereby obtaining an effect that a fine uneven structure can be formed. It comes out.
- a DIOS sample target manufactured using only the conventional electrolytic etching method has a complex and irregular structure as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG.
- the manufacturing method of the present embodiment since the lithography technology is used, simple methods such as a groove type (see FIGS. 1 and 2), a lattice type (see FIG. 3), and a hole type (see FIG. 4) are used. This makes it easy to process regular microstructures with high precision and high reproducibility. Therefore, in the sample target manufactured by the above-described manufacturing method, the shape of the unevenness is less likely to vary between individual sample targets or between manufacturing lots. That is, according to the manufacturing method of the present embodiment, it is possible to give a stable ionizing performance to the obtained sample target.
- the sample target of the present embodiment includes biopolymers, endocrine disruptors, synthetic polymers, and gold. It can be used as a so-called sample stage for mounting a sample to be measured when performing mass spectrometry of various substances such as a genus complex.
- the sample target is particularly useful when used in laser-desorption ionization mass spectrometry because it can favorably ionize a sample.
- the mass spectrometer of the present invention includes the sample target of the present embodiment as a sample stage and a main component.
- the sample target can perform ionization of the sample well, particularly when used in a laser desorption ionization mass spectrometer. Therefore, the mass spectrometer of the present invention is more specifically a laser desorption ionization mass spectrometer that irradiates a sample to be measured with laser light to ionize it and measure the molecular weight of the sample. It is preferable that there is.
- the sample to be measured is placed on the above-mentioned sample target, and is used when the sample is irradiated with laser light. It is possible to carry out ioni-dori favorably.
- the sample target used in the present embodiment is provided with a surface having a fine uneven structure on the order of nanometers to several tens of micrometers as a sample holding surface. Are regularly formed.
- the sample target of the present embodiment has less irregularity in the shape of the irregularities compared to the sample target having an irregular irregular structure used in the conventional DIOS method, and therefore has a high ion ion degrading performance. Can be stabilized. That is, according to the sample target of the present embodiment, there is an effect that the laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (DIOS method) can be performed more accurately and stably without using the matrix described above. As a result, the practicality of the sample target can be improved in laser-desorption ionization mass spectrometry.
- DIOS method laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry
- the sample target of the present embodiment is used for mounting a sample when performing mass spectrometry of the sample using laser desorption / ionization mass spectrometry and a mass spectrometer using the method. It can be effectively used as a sample table that performs measurement. Further, according to the sample target manufacturing method of the present embodiment, it is possible to easily form a fine concave-convex structure on the order of nanometers or tens of micrometers on the sample holding surface of the sample target using lithography technology. it can. Therefore, a sample target that can be applied to the above-described embodiment, that is, a sample target suitable for laser desorption / ionization mass spectrometry, can be manufactured with high precision and ease.
- the mass spectrometer of the present embodiment performs mass spectrometry using the above-described sample target, when the sample to be measured is irradiated with laser light, the sample is ionized. Can be performed well. Therefore, according to the mass spectrometer described above, the stability of the obtained analysis result can be improved.
- the sample target according to the present invention can be used to hold the sample when the sample is ionized by irradiation with one laser beam and subjected to mass spectrometry.
- the effect of improving the ionization efficiency and stability of the sample can be obtained in the laser desorption / ionization mass spectrometry that enables the ionization of the sample without using a matrix. Play.
- the metal is preferably at least one of platinum (Pt) and gold (Au).
- the sample in laser desorption / ionization mass spectrometry capable of ionizing a sample without using a matrix, the sample can be ionized more efficiently, and the sample having an uneven structure can be obtained. There is an effect that oxidation of the holding surface can be suppressed.
- the concave-convex structure of the sample holding surface is a structure in which a plurality of concave portions are regularly formed.
- the sample target according to the present invention is used to hold the sample when the sample is ionized by irradiation with laser light and subjected to mass spectrometry.
- the structure may be a structure in which a plurality of concave portions are regularly formed.
- the sample target of the present invention has less irregularity in the shape of the irregularities than the sample target having an irregular irregular structure used in the conventional DIOS method.
- the dangling performance can be stabilized. That is, according to the sample target of the present invention, the following effect can be obtained when laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (DIOS method) can be performed more accurately and stably without using the above-mentioned matrix.
- DIOS method laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry
- the interval between adjacent concave portions may be lnm or more and less than 30 / zm. preferable. If the distance between adjacent concave portions is too small (that is, less than 1 nm), there is a problem that the structure of the sample target is weakened. Conversely, if the distance between adjacent recesses is too wide (that is, 30 m or more), a problem occurs in that ionization efficiency is reduced. Therefore, it is preferable that the interval between the adjacent concave portions is within the above range. In order to further improve the ionization efficiency, it is necessary to increase the efficiency per unit area for capturing light energy. Therefore, it is more preferable that the interval between the adjacent concave portions is less than 200 nm.
- the width of the concave portion is preferably 1 nm or more and less than 30 m.
- the depth of the concave portion is not less than 1 nm and less than 30 ⁇ m !.
- the recess may be a groove or a hole.
- the concave portion when the concave portion is a groove, the concave portion may have a structure in which grooves formed in different directions intersect with each other.
- the hole when the concave portion is a hole, the hole may have a columnar or prismatic shape.
- the material of at least the sample holding surface of the sample target of the present invention is preferably a semiconductor.
- the sample target of the present invention may be entirely formed of a single material such as a semiconductor, but the layer forming the sample holding surface and the sample holding surface are made of different materials. It may be a multi-layer structure in which a substrate and a substrate serving as a base for the sample holding surface are laminated.
- the sample holding surface can be formed of a semiconductor
- the substrate can be formed of a metal or the like.
- the category of the multilayer structure includes a coating structure in which a sample holding surface is formed by, for example, applying a metal coating on a substrate surface made of a semiconductor.
- the semiconductor constituting the sample holding surface is preferably silicon.
- the method for manufacturing a sample target according to the present invention is used for holding a sample when the sample is ionized by laser irradiation and mass spectrometry is performed, and is used in the order of nanometers to tens of micrometers.
- a method for manufacturing a sample target comprising a surface having a fine concavo-convex structure as a sample holding surface, comprising a step of coating the surface of the sample holding surface with a metal.
- the sample holding surface of the sample target is coated with metal, so that the sample can be ionized without using a matrix.
- a sample target capable of more efficiently and stably ionizing the target can be easily produced.
- the method for manufacturing a sample target according to the present invention is characterized in that, before the step of coating the surface of the sample holding surface with a metal, the surface of the substrate is not less than lnm and less than 30 m by using lithography technology. It is preferable to form the sample holding surface on the surface by regularly and repeatedly forming the recesses and the recesses having a width of less than 30 m.
- the method for producing a sample target according to the present invention is used for holding the sample when the sample is ionized by laser irradiation and mass spectrometric analysis is performed.
- the surface with the fine irregular structure of the order is the sample holding surface.
- a configuration for forming a sample holding surface on the surface may be provided.
- an electronic beam drawing apparatus is used as the lithography technique.
- the recess may be formed.
- a more specific method of the lithography technique for example, a method in which a photosensitive agent is applied in a predetermined shape using the above-described electron beam drawing apparatus, and then etching is performed to form a concave portion.
- Examples of the type of etching include dry etching, chemical etching, and electrolytic etching. However, it is preferable to employ dry etching and chemical etching because the depth of the formed concave portion can be easily controlled.
- the mass spectrometer of the present invention performs mass spectrometry using any of the above sample targets. Further, the mass spectrometer is preferably a laser desorption / ionization mass spectrometer that irradiates a sample to be measured with a laser beam to ionize the sample and measure its molecular weight. .
- the mass spectrometer of the present invention since the mass spectrometer of the present invention performs mass spectrometry using the sample target, it is possible to improve the efficiency and stability of ionization of the sample. . Therefore, according to the mass spectrometer described above, the accuracy and stability of the analysis result can be improved.
- Pt was deposited to a thickness of 20 nm on the sample holding surface of the DIOS sample target using a sputtering method to produce a sample target.
- mass spectrometry by laser desorption ionization was performed. Below are the steps And the results will be described.
- FIG. 8 shows a cross-sectional view of the processing state of the sample holding surface of the D IOS sample target used, which was observed from a cross section with a scanning electron microscope.
- the shape of the concave is not constant, the interval between adjacent concaves or each convex in the concave and convex structure is about 150 nm, and the depth of the concave was about 100-200 nm.
- a laser desorption ionizer was used for the above sample in the same procedure as in Example 1 except that a stainless steel metal plate without an uneven structure was used as the sample target, and that the sample holding surface was not covered with metal. Mass spectrometry was performed by the dani method. As a result, as shown in Table 1, in this comparative example, it was difficult to detect ions in the sample. Even when the laser power was increased to 2700, no ions could be detected in the above sample.
- Example 1 Except for using a stainless steel metal plate having no concave-convex structure as the sample target, the above sample was subjected to mass spectrometry by the laser desorption / ionization method in the same procedure as in Example 1. As a result, as shown in Table 1, in this comparative example, the sample The force that could detect the ON peak area was 8352, and the ionic strength was small.
- the sample was subjected to laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry by the same procedure as in Example 1 except that a silicon wafer having no uneven structure was used as the sample target.
- a silicon wafer having no uneven structure was used as the sample target.
- Pt was vapor-deposited on the porous plastic Porex with a thickness of 20 ⁇ m by using a sputtering method to prepare a sample target.
- mass spectrometry by laser desorption ionization was performed. The procedure and results are described below.
- sample targets were subjected to laser desorption ion desorption mass spectrometry in a reflectron mode using a time-of-flight mass spectrometer Voyager DE-Pro (manufactured by Applied Biosystems).
- a strongly protonated ion peak area 223000 of the angiocinsin I molecule with an mZz value of 1297 was detected.
- Mass spectrometry was performed by the laser desorption / ionization method on the sample in the same procedure as in Example 2 except that the sample holding surface of the sample target was not covered with metal. No matter how much you raise the power, you can't get any ions.
- a sample target was prepared by depositing Pt to a thickness of 20 nm on a slide glass surface-treated by rubbing with a No. 400 sandpaper using a sputtering method. Using this Pt-coated sample target, mass spectrometry by laser desorption ionization was performed. The procedure and results will be described below.
- a slide glass made by Matsunami Glass Industry was rubbed with No. 400 sandpaper to perform a surface treatment.
- 20 nm of Pt was deposited using a TEL-1000 ion sputtering device (manufactured by JEOL).
- the surface had an irregular porous structure of about 100 nanometers to 12 micrometers.
- the sample target was subjected to mass spectrometry by laser desorption ionization in a reflectron mode using a time-of-flight mass spectrometer Voyager DE-Pro (manufactured by Applied Biosystems).
- a laser power of 1600 the molecular ions of the sodium mash with TRITON X-100 were detected with high intensity.
- the peak height of mZz625 was 30,000.
- Mass spectrometry was performed on the sample by the laser desorption / ionization method using the same procedure as in Example 3 except that the sample holding surface was not coated with metal. .
- the force that could be used for ionizing the sample The laser power was considerably high at 2400, and the ionic strength was weak.
- the peak height of mZz625 was 2000.
- Example 3 The same procedure as in Example 3 was applied to the above sample, except that the sample holding surface was subjected to a surface treatment using sandpaper and a metal sample was used as the sample target. However, no ions were obtained for the sample.
- the resist was spin-coated with ZEP520 (Zeon Japan), pre-betaed at 180 ° C., and exposed to an electron beam using an electron beam lithography apparatus ELS-770 manufactured by Elliox. Developed with ZED-N50 (Zeon, Japan) and rinsed with ZMD-B (Zeon, Japan) to prepare a resist pattern. Electron beam evaporation of Ni was performed on the resist pattern using MB-02-5002 manufactured by ULVAC, and the resist was peeled off using ZDMAC (Zeon) to produce a Ni mask. After that, dry etching was performed with a reactive ion etching (RIE) system RIE-ONR (SAMCO) to form an SiO pattern. In addition, JFL TFL-1000 ion sputtering
- RIE reactive ion etching
- a sample target was obtained in which a square part of about 0.6 mm in one piece was processed into a groove structure with a convex part of about 150 nm, a concave part of about 150 nm, and a depth of 200 nm. Made 12 of the same.
- Mass spectrometry by laser desorption ionization method in reflectron mode using Pro was done.
- sample ions of TRITON X-100 and polypropylene glycol could be detected strongly.
- the average value and the standard deviation of the peak height of mZz625 of TRITON X-100 were 20000 and 2300, respectively, confirming that the reproducibility of the vector was good.
- a fine target structure was formed on a silicon wafer by using one method of electron beam lithography to prepare a sample target. Further, in this example, mass spectrometry by laser desorption ionization was performed using the sample target. The procedure and results are described below.
- a Sumitomo Chemical resist (NEB22) was coated on a silicon wafer made by Mitsubishi Sumitomo Silicon with a resistivity of 0.008-0.02 ⁇ cm, and an electron beam lithography system g [BX- After irradiating with electron beam at 5000 SI, it was treated with MFCD-26 manufactured by Shipley Co., Ltd. to produce a fine resist structure. Subsequently, etching was performed by a dry etching method using an NLD-800 etching apparatus manufactured by ULVAC to form a fine structure on the silicon wafer.
- the square part having a side of about 0.6 mm was converted into a convex part having a width (that is, an interval between concave parts) of about 150 nm, a concave part having a width of about 170 nm, and a groove (part of a concave part).
- a sample target processed into a groove structure with a depth of about 150 nm was obtained. Twelve such sample targets were produced.
- the surface structure of the sample target obtained here was observed using a scanning electron microscope SM-5310 made by JEOL, a groove structure as shown in Fig. 1 was confirmed.
- sample target mass spectrometry by laser desorption / ionization was performed using the obtained sample target.
- samples to be measured a nonionic surfactant TRITON X-100 (manufactured by ICN Biomedical) and a polypropylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 700 (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) having a concentration of lmgZml were used.
- a tetrahydrofuran solution was used. 0.51 of each sample was dropped on the sample target prepared by the above method, and the sample was air-dried.
- the sample target for DIOS was prepared with reference to the above-mentioned Reference 6. Specifically, a silicon wafer manufactured by Mitsubishi Sumitomo Silicon having a resistivity of 0.008-0.02 ⁇ cm was manufactured by an electrolytic etching method. Using an equal mixture of 46% hydrofluoric acid (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical) and ethanol (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical) as the electrolyte, the current density was 8 mAZcm2 while irradiating a 250 W incandescent lamp with a distance force of 15 cm. Etching was performed with an etching time of 2 minutes. After the etching, the DIOS sample target was washed with ethanol. The prepared sample target was stored in ethanol. Under the same conditions, 12 DIOS sample targets were prepared. Fig. 7 shows the surface structure measured using a JEOL-manufactured electron microscope SM-6700F.
- the sample was subjected to mass spectrometry by laser desorption ionization using the same procedure as in Example 5, except that the sample target had a fine concavo-convex structure and a metal plate sample target was used. Performed but failed to detect ions in sample
- the sample was subjected to mass spectrometry by the laser desorption ionization method in the same procedure as in Example 5 except that the sample target had a fine concavo-convex structure and a silicon wafer sample target was used. Performed but could not detect ions in the sample o
- the sample target of the present invention in the laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry, ionization can be performed without using a matrix, and the conventional sample target used in the DIOS method can be used. In comparison, it is possible to improve the ionization efficiency of the sample and realize a stable ionization.
- Laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry is currently used in a wide range of fields as a mass spectrometry for biopolymers, endocrine disruptors, synthetic polymers, metal complexes, and the like.
- the sample target of the present invention performs this laser desorption / ionization mass spectrometry more accurately and stably. Since the material is an effective material to be applied, the applicability of the present invention can be said to be high.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
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US10/590,822 US20090314936A1 (en) | 2004-02-26 | 2005-02-24 | Sample target having sample support surface whose face is treated, production method thereof, and mass spectrometer using the sample target |
EP05710656A EP1726944A4 (en) | 2004-02-26 | 2005-02-24 | SAMPLE TARGET WITH SURFACE-TREATED LEVEL FOR HOLDING THE SAMPLE AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF AND MASS SPECTROMETER USING THE SAMPLE ARGET |
JP2006510453A JP4512589B2 (ja) | 2004-02-26 | 2005-02-24 | 表面加工が施された試料保持面を有する試料ターゲットおよびその製造方法、並びに当該試料ターゲットを用いた質量分析装置 |
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US8237114B2 (en) | 2005-10-20 | 2012-08-07 | Japan Science & Technology Agency | Sample target used in mass spectrometry, method for producing the same, and mass spectrometer using the sample target |
JP2007225394A (ja) * | 2006-02-22 | 2007-09-06 | Tokyo Metropolitan Univ | レーザー脱離イオン化法 |
JP2007263600A (ja) * | 2006-03-27 | 2007-10-11 | Shimadzu Corp | 試料ターゲット |
JP2008041648A (ja) * | 2006-07-11 | 2008-02-21 | Canon Inc | 質量分析用基板及び質量分析用基板の製造方法 |
US8663772B2 (en) | 2007-03-19 | 2014-03-04 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Minute structure and information recording medium |
US9165590B2 (en) | 2007-03-19 | 2015-10-20 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Minute structure and information recording medium |
JP2008290227A (ja) * | 2007-03-26 | 2008-12-04 | Ricoh Co Ltd | 微小構造体 |
JP2009236489A (ja) * | 2008-03-25 | 2009-10-15 | Kanagawa Acad Of Sci & Technol | 質量分析法に用いられる試料ターゲットおよびその製造方法、並びに当該試料ターゲットを用いた質量分析装置 |
CN111684275A (zh) * | 2018-02-09 | 2020-09-18 | 浜松光子学株式会社 | 试样支撑体、电离法以及质量分析方法 |
JP7404195B2 (ja) | 2020-09-04 | 2023-12-25 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | 試料支持体、イオン化法、及び質量分析方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP4512589B2 (ja) | 2010-07-28 |
EP1726944A1 (en) | 2006-11-29 |
JPWO2005083418A1 (ja) | 2007-08-09 |
US20090314936A1 (en) | 2009-12-24 |
EP1726944A4 (en) | 2007-06-20 |
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