WO2005083184A1

WO2005083184A1 - Method of placing placement material

Info

Publication number: WO2005083184A1
Application number: PCT/JP2004/002467
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hidehiko Kimishima; Hirokazu Yasuda; Tetsujiro Kameda; Isamu Miyauchi; Akira Noro
Original assignee: Jfe Civil Engineering & Construction Corp.
Priority date: 2004-03-01
Filing date: 2004-03-01
Publication date: 2005-09-09

Abstract

A method of placing a placement material for placing the placement material in the foundation and earth floor of a building or a site formed in a road, comprising the steps of leveling the site, laying down plate-like materials in the site, and placing the placement material on the plate-like materials.

Description

Description Casting material casting method Technical field

The present invention prevents the incorporation of earth and sand into the casting material when casting the concrete or asphalt, etc., on the ground that has been leveled in the foundation of the building, in the dirt, or in the road construction. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a technique for forming a simple casting material layer, and particularly to a technique which enables inexpensive and effective casting of a casting material by a simple operation. Background technology ''

In the construction of foundations, slabs or roads, there are many cases where concrete, asphalt, etc. are poured into the upper layer. When constructing these materials, the ground below will be leveled and pre-construction will be carried out before placing the materials. It is also known to use a concrete mat reinforced with reinforcing bars assembled in a flat, grid-like structure on the ground to replace the cast-in-place materials with a ground structure to form a foundation structure ( JP-A-2003-27496).

However, laying the mat as described in JP-A-2003-27496 requires costly and man-hours.

For this reason, placing cast materials is more advantageous in terms of cost and man-hours.

In the following, as a representative example, a method of placing materials by placing concrete on the foundation of a building will be described.

When constructing the foundation of the building, as shown in Fig. 7, the ground 1 is excavated to a specified area and depth, and the ground is leveled. Preliminary work to fix crushed stone 5 by casting concrete. The concrete in this pre-construction was discarded and called Concrete 6. Then, concrete 3 is cast on the disposal concrete 6 as a foundation placing material.

In this case, by performing pre-construction work, it is possible to prevent earth and sand, etc., from being caught in the concrete from the ground that has been leveled when the placing material (concrete) 3 is poured.

However, if the concrete is poured without performing the above pre-construction work, earth and sand etc. may be caught in the lower part of the concrete from the ground leveled and solidified in a state where the earth and sand are mixed in the concrete.

Concrete placed on foundations, soil, etc. is strictly stipulated in its thickness and material in order to maintain the specified strength, etc. in the design of the building.However, if foreign matter such as earth and sand enters the concrete, There is a possibility that the strength required in design cannot be exhibited.

By the way, the construction of abandoned concrete has the advantage that the site before the concrete, which is the material to be poured, is cast, can be flattened. There are also advantages. Disclosure of the invention

However, there were various problems in performing the conventional pre-construction as described above.

The first problem is that the number of man-hours increases due to the construction of crushed stone and dumping concrete. In order to spread crushed stones to the construction site such as the foundation of a building, heavy crushed stones must be transported to the construction site and heavy equipment is required to level them. In addition, since it takes time to dry and cure the waste concrete after it has flowed, it may take three to five days. A period of time is required.

The second problem is that, in the prior construction that involves the construction of crushed stone and discarded concrete, when the concrete to be cast is later cast, the concrete is cast to a predetermined size. It is necessary to install a formwork outside the laying of the REIT. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, in order to construct the formwork 30, the ground is added to a predetermined area of the foundation, and the formwork 30 and the formwork fixture 31 for fixing the formwork 30 are installed outside the ground. You have to drill enough space. Therefore, it is necessary to excavate the ground more than necessary, and the increase in man-hours and the amount of excavated soil accompanying the excavation become problems.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems in the prior construction involving the construction of crushed stone and abandoned concrete, and enables simple and inexpensive and effective casting of a casting material. It provides a method.

The present invention is a method for casting a casting material described in each of the following items.

(1) When laying a laying material on the foundation or dirt of a building, or on a site that will become a road, after laying down the site, lay a plate-like material and lay a laying material on it A method of placing a casting material.

(2) The laying method according to the above (1), wherein the laying is performed by pressing the laid plate material from above, and then laying the laying material. .

(3) After laying the plate-like material and before placing the casting material, a weight is placed on the plate-like material and fixed, and / or the plate-like material is connected to the ground with a triangle. The casting method according to the above (1) or (2), characterized in that the casting material is fixed.

(4) The plate-like material is a chevron plate, ribbed plate, or corrugated plate, and each of the chevrons, ribs, or corrugations is crimped to the ground. The casting method according to any one of the above (1) to (3). (5) The method according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the plate-like material is an iron plate having a thickness of 0.12 to 2.0 mm.

(6) The plate-shaped material is characterized in that it is an iron plate having a thickness of 0.12 to 2.Oram iron plate provided with mountain-shaped protrusions or ribs of 5 to 150 mm pitch and a height of 5 to 1 OOIM at a pitch of 5 to 150 mm. The casting method according to any one of the above (1) to (5).

(7) The casting material according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the site is excavated, and the plate-shaped material is fixed by abutting the excavated end wall surface or the rising surface. Casting method.

(8) The site is excavated to form a fabric foundation beam portion, and the plate-like material is abutted and fixed to an end wall surface of the formed fabric foundation beam portion, and is attached to a bottom surface of the fabric foundation beam portion. The casting method according to any one of the above (1) to (9), wherein the plate-like material is laid.

(9) When laying a laying material on the foundation or dirt of a building or on a site that will be a road, lay a plate after laying down the site, and then lay a plate on it. Characterized in that a pre-assembled reinforcing unit is placed on the joint, and the two are joined together, a casting material is cast thereon, and the pre-assembled reinforcing unit is embedded.

(10) When laying the laying material on the foundation or dirt of the building, or on the site that will be the road, after laying down the site, place the pre-assembled reinforcing unit beforehand and join it. A method of placing a casting material, comprising: laying a plate-like material, and placing a casting material thereon to embed the pre-arranged reinforcing unit.

(1 1) The plate-like material is a chevron-shaped plate, a plate with ribs, or a corrugated plate-like material, and each of the peaks, ribs, or corrugations is crimped to the ground. The method of placing a casting material according to the above (9) or (10), comprising:

(12) The above-mentioned (9), wherein the plate-like material is an iron plate having a thickness of 0.12 to 2.0 mm. The method for casting a casting material according to any one of (1) to (11).

(13) The plate-shaped material is an iron plate having a thickness of 0.12 to 2.0 IMI and provided with mountain-shaped protrusions or ribs having a pitch of 5 to 150 mm and a height of 5 to 100 as described above. The casting material placing method according to any one of the above (9) to (12). Brief Description of Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a method of casting a casting material according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows the method of placing a casting material according to the present invention, in which the angled plate-shaped material (a) and the

FIG. ,

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing an example in which a corrugated plate-like material is applied to the method of casting a casting material of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view illustrating a method for forming an end in the method for casting a casting material of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view showing a method for forming a corner portion in the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a method of forming a fabric base beam according to the present invention. m7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a conventional method of placing a casting material.

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a method of fixing a formwork in the conventional casting of a casting material. FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining another embodiment of the method of casting a casting material according to the present invention. FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view for explaining another embodiment of the casting method of casting material of the present invention. FIG. 11 shows a pre-arranged reinforcing bar applied to a method of placing a casting material according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. <Explanation of reference numerals>

1 ground

Plate material

3 Casting materials (concrete, asphalt)

5 Crushed stone

6 Throw away

11 Corrugated holding frame

12 Cylinder material (pipe material, round bar material)

13 Fabric foundation beam

14 Fixture

21 Angle plate

2 Plate material with ribs

23 Corrugated plate

24 Partial plate material

25 Folded corner plate

26 Beam plate

30 formwork

1 Formwork fixture

2 Fixture (鋇, bolt)

0 Pre-assembled reinforcement unit

1 Upper vertical streak

2 Lower vertical streak

3 Tube muscle

4 Horizontal streak 45 Spacer BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

FIG. 1 shows a basic structure such as a foundation in a casting material casting method according to the present invention. The ground 1 is excavated to a predetermined area and depth as required, and after leveling the surface, a plate-like material 2 is laid, and concrete 3 as a casting material is poured on the plate-like material 2.

Here, the plate-shaped material 2 is not particularly limited as long as it is a material that can prevent soil and sand from being mixed into the concrete 3 by rolling up the soil and the like from the ground 1 when the concrete 3 is poured. It can be suitably used, for example, an iron plate, a wooden plate, a synthetic resin plate and the like, as well as a rubber plate and a woven fiber plate.

In the case of an iron plate, there is no particular problem in strength even if the thickness is as thin as about 0.12 to 2.0 mm. If the plate thickness is less than 0.12 mm, the strength may be insufficient.On the other hand, although the strength exceeding 2.0 mm is unnecessary, the handling Becomes difficult.

In addition, the shape of the plate-shaped material 2 may be a flat plate, or may be an elastic thin film-like material such as rubber or woven fiber.

In particular, when the plate material 2 is an iron plate, a commercially available corrugated sheet can be suitably used. In the case of a commercially available corrugated sheet, even a thin sheet of about 0.15 mm has a sufficiently improved strength, so that it is easy to handle, and since the corrugated sheets overlap each other, transportation is efficient. In addition, when a flat plate is processed and an iron plate provided with a mountain-like projection on the lower surface as shown in FIG. 2 (a) is used, the mountain-like projection can cut into the ground and the precision of concrete placing can be improved.

In order to further improve the penetration into the ground, the steel plate is folded as shown in Fig. 2 (b). It is also possible to use a plate-like member 22 with ribs, which is an iron plate provided with ribs. The projections and ribs are preferably provided with a pitch of 5 to 150 mm and a height of 5 to 100 mm. If the width is less than 5 bandits, it is difficult to make the ridges and ribs dig into the ground, and it is difficult to fix the plate to the ground. Also, if the width is opened beyond 150 bandages, the strength of the plate-shaped material will be reduced, and it will be easy to deform during transportation to the construction site or during construction, which is not preferable. If the height is also less than 5 hidden, there is not much difference in height from the unevenness of the ground, and it is difficult to fix the plate to the ground. With ridges and ribs with a height of more than 100 holes, a great deal of force is required to dig into the ground, and it is difficult to fix the plate to the ground.

By the way, when an iron plate is used as the plate-like material, an anchor set for fixing a steel frame or the like necessary for supporting an upper building can be fixed to the plate-like material by placing a casting material.

On the other hand, in the conventional pre-construction using crushed stone and discarded concrete, in order to install the anchor set at a predetermined position on the hardened discarded concrete, the iron plate is fixed with a hole-in anchor, and the anchor set is fixed to this. It took time to cure the hole-in anchors. In the present invention, since the anchor set can be fixed by on-site welding, on-site construction can be greatly simplified. Further, in the present invention, the plate-like material laid on the ground that has been leveled can be further pressed from above with a roller or the like before placing concrete. Thereby, the gap between the plate material and the ground can be filled and adhered, and the fixing of the plate material is stabilized. In particular, when the plate-like material is an iron plate, the rigidity of the iron plate itself is high, so that pressing improves the flatness and improves the accuracy of the placement of the casting material (concrete).

On the other hand, when the material of the plate material is rubber or woven fiber, the plate material is not necessarily required because the material is deformed by the load due to the casting of the casting material (concrete). On the other hand, when the plate-like material is an iron plate and the shape is a corrugated plate-like material—a chevron plate-like material 21 or a rib-like plate-like material 22 as illustrated in FIG. 2, the iron plate bites into the ground by pressing. Therefore, it is very suitable because it is fixed to the ground.

As shown in Fig. 3 (a), when the corrugated plate 23 is applied, the corrugated holding frame 11 is formed of concrete, wood, rubber, synthetic resin, iron, or the like, and is placed on the corrugated plate. When pressed in place, it can be pressed without breaking the shape of the corrugated sheet, which is preferable. In addition, more simply, as shown in Fig. 3 (b), a columnar material 12 such as a pipe or a round bar having a diameter slightly larger than the depth of the wave is placed in the valley of the corrugated plate-like material 23, and It may be pressed from the beginning. These corrugated holding frames 11 and the cylindrical members 12 can be moved to another corrugated plate-shaped member after being pressed and reused as many times as necessary. In addition, it is also possible to provide a groove suitable for the corrugation of the corrugated plate in the mouth wheel used for pressing, and use this to perform pressing (not shown).

By the way, according to the present invention, when a casting material (concrete) is cast, the plate material is fixed to the ground with various fixing tools in order to prevent the plate material from shifting or peeling off due to the flow of the concrete. May be fixed.

In this case, the fixtures fixed to the ground will be embedded in the concrete after concrete construction, so it is necessary to use a material that does not excessively impair the strength of the concrete.

For example, rocks, small concrete blocks, iron blocks, etc. can be used as weights and applied locally to fix them. In this case, if the size of the weight is set to be about 50 mm in height, 500 mm in width, and 500 mm in depth, there is no particular harm to concrete construction. In addition, it can be stopped in place of the weight.

Also, if water pools occur due to rainfall etc. after laying the plate material, a hole with a diameter of about 5 mm or less can be made in the plate material to drain water. Of course plate material Even after the construction, the drainage hole can be opened and the water can be drained before the placement of the casting material.In the present invention, the shape of the wall surface at the end of the concrete or the beam shape of the cloth foundation is further changed to a plate shape. It is preferable to form concrete, fix it, and then apply concrete.

FIG. 4 shows an example of a state in which the end of the corner plate member 24 is formed. In FIG. 4, the corner plate 24 is directly applied to the wall surface of the excavated ground, and is fixed with a fixture 32 such as a bolt. By doing so, the corner part plate-like member 24 does not move and is not displaced, so that concrete can be easily poured. In the present invention, it is sufficient to excavate the ground only in the concrete placing area, so that it is not necessary to provide the form fixing tool 31 outside the concrete placing area as in the conventional example shown in FIG. The range can be reduced to a minimum.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), similarly, at the end corner portion which becomes the wall surface of the excavated ground 1, it is also possible to form and fix the partially plate-like material 24 in accordance with the corner shape. it can. Here, in the case of a plate-like material, since bending is easy, a part of the plate-like material constituting the wall surface is partially removed, as in the case of the folded-back corner plate 25 shown in FIG. 5 (b). It can be easily used as a formwork for concrete construction by bending it up to the end wall.

By the way, in the method of casting a casting material according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6, the beam material plate member 26 is brought into contact with the rising surface of the beam even in the cloth foundation beam portion 13, as shown in FIG. By fixing it, it is possible to lay the casting material integrally with the concrete part and at once.

In the case of the example shown in FIG. 6, the fixing fixture 14 for fixing the rising surface of the beam part is embedded in the concrete forming the beam part. By taking countermeasures such as placing them at intervals of 500 band or more, adverse effects such as a decrease in the strength of the beam can be eliminated.

Next, based on Figs. 9 to 11, a pre-assembled reinforcing unit is placed on a plate-like material laid on the site, and the two are joined together. Next, a description will be given of another embodiment of the method of placing a casting material in which the braiding arrangement unit is embedded.

In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 9, a pre-assembled reinforcing unit 40 is embedded in the casting material 3.

Here, a pre-arranged reinforcing bar unit 40 shown in FIG. 9 is an example, in which an upper vertical bar 41 and a lower vertical bar 42 are connected in a triangular shape with a web bar 43, and a horizontal bar 44 is also disposed. The planar structure is formed by joining the upper longitudinal line 41 and the lower longitudinal line 42. In addition, it is joined to the plate material 2 at a required position via a spacer 145.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the pre-assembled reinforcing unit 40 constructed as described above is embedded in the cast material 3 cast on the plate-like material 2, so that, for example, a concrete-only cast material is used. In comparison, the strength can be dramatically improved.

In another embodiment of the present invention, such a pre-assembled reinforcement unit 40 is manufactured and assembled in a factory or the like in advance, and the pre-assembled reinforcement unit is assembled as shown in FIG. The unit 40 is mounted on the plate member 2 and joined via a spacer 45. Then, a casting material is cast thereon, so that the pre-assembled reinforcing unit is embedded.

In a factory or the like, a pre-assembled reinforcing unit 40 is assembled in advance, mounted on the plate-shaped material 2 and joined, and the plate-shaped pre-assembled reinforcing unit 40 is mounted and joined in advance. Needless to say, the material 2 may be laid and the casting material 3 may be laid thereon to embed the pre-arranged reinforcing unit 40.

By the way, the pre-arranged reinforcing unit is not limited to the above example, and various pre-arranged reinforcing units can be applied as illustrated in FIG. In FIG. 11, single mesh bars (a), double mesh bars (b), plane truss bars (c), triangular truss bars (d), and sunoko bars (e) are illustrated as pre-assembled bar units. ing. Here, the sawing bar is one that enables the reinforcing bar to be wound up in the shape of a saw, and is rewound during construction to complete the pre-assembled reinforcing unit.

However, the structure of the pre-assembled reinforcing unit is not limited to that shown in FIG.

It is preferable to use a reinforcing bar as a reinforcing bar, but it is not particularly limited. If there is no problem in strength and durability, a material other than iron (metal or nonmetal) is used. It can also be.

Conventionally, if it is necessary to improve the strength of the cast-in material, after laying the plate-like material at the time of construction, a worker who specializes in reinforcement will place a pre-assembled reinforcement unit on the plate-like material. Assembly, and then casting of the casting material on the plate-like material.

However, in order to do so, it was necessary to arrange workers of different job types specializing in rebar arrangement in civil engineering work, which was problematic both in terms of cost and cost. In another embodiment of the present invention, a pre-assembled reinforcing bar unit is simply mounted on a plate-like material and joined, or a pre-assembled reinforcing bar unit is mounted in advance and joined to form an integral unit. Since only the work of laying the plate-like material is enough, it is possible to shorten the period and reduce the cost.

In particular, when laying an integrated plate-like material by previously mounting and joining a pre-assembled reinforcing unit, it is possible to hang a wire on the pre-assembled reinforcing unit and suspend it. However, since it is not necessary to perform such a difficult operation as in the case of suspending only a flat plate-shaped material, it is possible to further shorten the period and reduce the cost.

Note that, in another embodiment of the present invention, the plate-shaped material is a chevron-shaped plate, a ribbed plate-shaped material, or a corrugated plate-shaped material. Ground It is the same as described above that it is preferable to press-bond the sheet.

However, if a pre-assembled reinforcing bar unit is previously placed and joined to lay a plate-like material, the pre-assembled reinforcing bar unit may not be a hindrance when pressing to press the ground. In such a case, a pre-processing such as pre-pressing using a plate-like material having the same shape may be performed.

In addition, it is similarly preferable that the plate-like material is an iron plate having a thickness of 0.12 to 2.0 mm, and a steel plate having a thickness of 0.12 to 2.0 mm and a width of 5 to 150 mm. Similarly, it is preferable to provide mountain-like projections or ribs having a pitch of 5 to 100 nm in height.

By the way, in another embodiment of the present invention described above, it is described that the pre-assembled reinforcing unit is mounted on the plate-shaped material. However, if the same function can be performed, other than the pre-assembled reinforcing unit, It is also possible to apply one having the structure described above.

For example, a member having a structure in which a number of cuts are made in a thin plate material such as an iron plate and the cut portion is bent downward to form a large number of holes, and the member is replaced with a pre-assembled reinforcing unit, and a plate-like material is used. It may be mounted on top. In this case, the bent portion serves as a stirrer, and the casting material flows and spreads through a number of holes, and is entirely cast. The same strength as when mounted can be obtained.

Next, in order to verify the effects of the present invention, foundation work was performed by applying the method of placing a casting material of the present invention to concrete placing the foundation of a building.

At the time of construction, after the site was leveled, an iron plate was laid as a plate-like material, on which a pre-assembled reinforcing unit having the structure shown in Figs. 9 and 10 was placed and joined to the plate-like material. Then, concrete was poured from above using concrete. This is an example of the present invention. '

For comparison, the concrete is cast directly on the premises as a casting material Construction was carried out using the conventional casting method. This is a conventional example.

Comparative verification between the above-described example of the present invention and the conventional example was performed. As a result, it was confirmed that the strength / proof strength of the example of the present invention was significantly improved as compared with the conventional example. Further, in the present invention example, it was confirmed that the bottom surface frictional force was sufficiently ensured despite the use of the plate-like material. From the above, the excellent effects of the present invention are apparent.

The detailed description of the present invention has been described above by exemplifying concrete casting of a foundation of a building.

However, it is clear that the present invention has exactly the same problem in concrete and asphalt casting in dirt and road construction, etc., and the application of the casting method according to the present invention requires no work. Can be simplified, and a significant reduction in man-hours can be expected. Industrial applicability

By implementing the present invention, it is possible to simplify pre-construction work for placing concrete and other casting materials, to achieve a short period of time, and to perform construction at low cost. Further, according to the present invention, when excavating a site, it is possible to minimize the excavation, and it is possible to expect a reduction in the amount of excavation and a reduction in the period.

In particular, by using an iron plate as the plate-like material, a general-purpose product can be used, and the material can be inexpensively and extremely easily available. In addition, it is possible to use a thin iron plate, which facilitates transportation and construction.

Claims

1. When laying a laying material on the foundation or dirt of a building, or on a site that will be a road, lay a plate-shaped material after laying down the site, and lay a laying material on it. A casting method for casting materials.

2. When laying the plate, the laid plate was pressed from above.

2. The casting method according to claim 1, wherein the casting material is cast later.

3. After laying the plate-like material and before placing the casting material, place and fix a weight on the plate-like material and / or engage the plate-like material with the ground 3. The placing method for placing materials according to claim 1, wherein the placing method is performed by attaching and fixing.

4. The plate-shaped material is a chevron-shaped plate, a ribbed plate-shaped material, or a corrugated plate-shaped material, and each of the chevron-shaped, rib-shaped, or corrugated portion is crimped to the ground. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the plate-like material is an iron plate having a thickness of 0.12 to 2.0.

6. The plate-shaped material is an iron plate having a thickness of 0.12 to 2. Omm and an iron plate provided with mountain-shaped protrusions or ribs of 5 to 150 mm in pitch and 5 to 100 dragons in height at a pitch of 5 to 150 mm. Item 1. The method for placing a casting material according to any one of Items 1 to 5.

7. The casting method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the site is excavated, and the plate-shaped material is fixed to the excavated end wall surface or the rising surface.

8. Excavate the site to form a fabric foundation beam, fix the plate-like material by abutting the end wall surface of the formed fabric foundation beam, and The placing material hitting according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the plate-like material is laid. Installation method.

9. When laying a laying material on the foundation or dirt of a building, or on a site that will be a road, after laying down the site, lay a plate and then place it on the plate. A method of placing a placing material, comprising placing a pre-assembled reinforcing unit, joining them together, placing a placing material on the unit, and embedding the leading reinforcing unit.

10. When laying the laying material on the foundation or dirt of the building, or on the site that will be the road, after laying down the site, the pre-assembled arranging unit is mounted and joined in advance. A method for placing a casting material, comprising: laying a plate-like material, placing a casting material thereon, and embedding the pre-arranged reinforcing unit.

11. The plate-like material is a chevron-shaped plate, a rib-shaped plate-shaped material, or a corrugated plate-shaped material, and each of the chevron-shaped, rib-shaped, or corrugated portion is crimped to the ground. The method according to claim 9, wherein the casting material is cast.

12. The casting method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the plate-like material is an iron plate having a thickness of 0.12 to 2.0.

13. The above-mentioned claim, characterized in that the plate-like material is an iron plate having a thickness of 0.12 to 2.Omm and a mountain-like projection or rib having a width of 5 to 150 mm and a height of 5 to 100 m on a pitch of 5 to 150 mm. The method for casting a casting material according to any one of claims 9 to 12.