WO2005080686A1 - Durcissement laser d'equipements ferroviaires, et materiel a cet effet - Google Patents

Durcissement laser d'equipements ferroviaires, et materiel a cet effet Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005080686A1
WO2005080686A1 PCT/IT2005/000092 IT2005000092W WO2005080686A1 WO 2005080686 A1 WO2005080686 A1 WO 2005080686A1 IT 2005000092 W IT2005000092 W IT 2005000092W WO 2005080686 A1 WO2005080686 A1 WO 2005080686A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
laser
hardening
treatment
wear
equipment
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IT2005/000092
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Sandro Favilli
Pierluigi Siliani
Original Assignee
Sandro Favilli
Pierluigi Siliani
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sandro Favilli, Pierluigi Siliani filed Critical Sandro Favilli
Publication of WO2005080686A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005080686A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/04—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B5/00—Rails; Guard rails; Distance-keeping means for them
    • E01B5/02—Rails
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/06—Surface hardening
    • C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
    • C21D2221/02—Edge parts

Definitions

  • Laser hardening using laser for steels is a heat treatment suitable to improve some mechanical properties of mechanical components obtained with said materials, in particular surface hardness.
  • Laser hardening does not differ fundamentally from conventional surface hardening treatments, as in all these processes the increases in hardness and strength are obtained through rapid cooling, which transforms the austenite produced during the heating phase into martensite.
  • the fundamental difference consists inJhe_factthat_in_the_las braide_r-pro_cess.only.ajhin layer of material is heated to the austenization temperature, before subsequent cooling, leaving the material therewithin unchanged.
  • These heating profiles are a function of the degree of absorption of the surface of the material which can be modified using chemical, mechanical or surface coating treatments.
  • the high heating gradients obtainable with the laser process allow all steels to be hardened, even those which are not hardenable with conventional processes.
  • it is suitable to define a "laser hardenability", normally different from the hardenability usually defined using the Jominy test.
  • the present invention consists in applying the surface hardening procedure using laser in the railway sector, in particular to rails which are subject to considerable wear caused by the monolateral guiding mechanism with play produced between wheelset and track. .
  • the selectivity of the treatment allows an increase in the duration of the surfaces which are subject to the most wear without modifying the global mechanical characteristics of the parts involved.
  • the treatment can also be performed downstream of normal maintenance operations (wheel reprofiling and rail grinding).
  • a first subject of the invention is a process for hardening railway material or the like subject to wear, especially rails, using laser hardening treatment, suitable to perform the treatment with localized laser hardening tracks, characterized in that only the zones subject to wear of said material are treated on-site using a laser hardening process, with moving equipment transiting over said fixed material.
  • the laser treatment can be performed with a single longitudinal hardening track in the zone subject to wear or with high-frequency cyclic orientations with transverse components, or yet again with several longitudinal hardening tracks, adjacent and, if necessary, with superimposed margins.
  • the laser treatment can be preceded by a surface treatment of coating or other chemical or mechanical preparation.
  • a further subject of the invention is a piece of equipment to perform the procedure hereinbefore, which comprises a vehicle which is moving on the track and which is equipped with one or more laser devices positioned to carry out hardening treatment of the rails in the zones subject to wear, during transit of the vehicle at a speed compatible with the typical requirements of the hardening treatment.
  • Said vehicle can be provided with a system to pre- treat the rails suitable to facilitate the subsequent hardening treatments and positioned upstream of the laser device,, with respect to the direction of movement.
  • the equipment can include several laser beam emitting units, staggered in the direction of movement of the vehicle and each suitable to perform the treatment on one or more adjacent hardening tracks.
  • Figure 1 shows a section of a rail and of the wheel transiting on the running surface
  • Figure 2 shows a diagram of a trolley and of the equipment present thereon, for alternate treatments on the two rails forming the track
  • Figures 3 and 4 show diagrams of cyclic type laser hardening treatment
  • Figures 5 and 6 show diagrams of linear treatments, single and respectively with adjacent tracks.
  • Figure 1 shows a section of a rail 1 - exemplificative of a conventional rail - of which 1A indicates the rail head, on the running surface 1B of which the wheel rests, the perimeter profile of which, drawn in a cross section, is indicated with 3; 1C indicates an inner edge or rim of the rail, with which the rim 3A of the wheel cooperates.
  • the zone subject to wear is indicated by the outline E.
  • Monitoring of wear of the rails in specific sections of the rail network is essential for safety and for economic management of the rail network.
  • the invention allows the requirements of safety of tracks in zones subject to considerable wear, such as the materials of points and curves, to be observed economically, also taking into account the different conditions of wear that occur on the inner rim and on the head of the "high" rail and of the
  • the invention provides for hardening treatment of the rails on-site, for new rails and for used and worn rails, in order to considerably prolong the use thereof without replacements and maintaining the safety conditions established by regulations.
  • a railway trolley is used, duly equipped with the components and the equipment required to perform the laser treatment.
  • a trolley, schematized with 10 in Figure 2, for treatment of the rails R of a track is equipped with a laser treatment system, comprising: 1 an assembly 12 for pre-treatment of the zone to be treated on each rail; means for pre-treatment will be provided to perform cleaning, brushing, coating (against possible reflection phenomena), drying and other operations, in order to facilitate subsequent laser hardening operations; this assembly can be positioned upstream of the means for hardening operations, or can be provided on a separate trolley which transits ahead of the trolley for laser hardening.
  • the trolley comprises a voltage source 14, to power the entire system (laser source, movement and various devices).
  • the trolley is also provided with one or more laser sources, with optical path, head and accessories.
  • the or each laser source 16 particularly of the CO 2 type, of the power required to allow treatment will include all the components necessary for operation thereof, including high voltage power supply units, control and management box, gas box, chiller 16A, gas bottles 16B to supply the laser and the like.
  • the or each optical path 18 will include the assembly of prisms and mirrors suitable to convey, partialize and/or divide the laser beam within the laser head(s). Said path can be "mobile" to allow the laser head(s) the necessary degrees of freedom.
  • the or each head 20 can be of the polar or Cartesian type, according to the type of hardening tracks to be produced, to the method with which they are to be produced and to the dimensions to be obtained.
  • a possible solution is to use a single laser head which can either function as a head of the polar type, to obtain a hardening track through rapid scanning of the surface to be treated according to diagrams in Figures 3 and 4, or as a head of the Cartesian type, where one or more hardening tracks are ⁇ obtained by defocusing of said beam, as schematized in- Figure 5 with a single head or with several beams ( Figure 6) suitable to act on adjacent and, if necessary, partially superimposed tracks, along the edges of the individual treated zones, in which there may be tempered zones of the hardened material.
  • the laser hardening treatment performed on site with the vehicle equipped according to the invention can be performed both on new rail and on worn rail and can be performed only on specific sections with a high degree of wear, as in some types of curves, above all and with treatments repeated in time as a function of progressive although limited wear.
  • the depth of martensite transformation due to laser hardening is generally contained within limited values, and wear of the hardened layer is slower compared to untreated material. Therefore, subsequent laser hardening operations according to the invention can be delayed in time in order to act after or immediately before complete wear of the layer treated in the previous operation. Subsequent operations will maintain the advantage of working on the optimum wheel-rail combined profile, resulting from operational wear.
  • the direction of advance of the hardening treatment is provided by the movement of the trolley, which can also be entrusted to trains in transit, bearing in mind that the treatments are sufficient only in limited zones in which there are curves and/or points and not in substantially rectilinear sections.
  • the characteristics of the laser beam such as intensity, inclination and
  • -power-density of the beams can- in- any-case be adapted to individuaLneeds,- . as can the instantaneous focusing be easily varied along each repetitive cycle of an excursion, in order to obtain hardening tracks of suitable form and geometry. It is understood that the drawing only shows an example provided by way of a practical arrangement of the invention and that said invention can vary in forms and arrangements without however departing from the scope of the concept on which the invention is based.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un traitement applicable sur place pour durcir au laser des surfaces d'équipements ferroviaires, et notamment les rails subissant l'usure imputable au frottement du boudin contre la face interne du champignon du rail.
PCT/IT2005/000092 2004-02-23 2005-02-21 Durcissement laser d'equipements ferroviaires, et materiel a cet effet WO2005080686A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITFI20040044 ITFI20040044A1 (it) 2004-02-23 2004-02-23 Procedimento di tempra tramite laser in applicazioni ferroviarie e relative attrezzature
ITFI2004A000044 2004-02-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005080686A1 true WO2005080686A1 (fr) 2005-09-01

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IT (1) ITFI20040044A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005080686A1 (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102121217A (zh) * 2011-01-30 2011-07-13 武汉华工激光工程有限责任公司 一种用于钢轨表面强化处理的在线激光淬火工艺
CN102121064A (zh) * 2011-01-30 2011-07-13 武汉华工激光工程有限责任公司 一种用于钢轨表面强化处理的离线激光淬火工艺
CN102776812A (zh) * 2012-03-27 2012-11-14 武汉新瑞达激光工程有限责任公司 一种在线式钢轨激光加工车
RU2472895C2 (ru) * 2010-08-05 2013-01-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Юго-Западный государственный университет" (ЮЗГУ) Способ формирования профиля головки рельсов
WO2014005478A1 (fr) * 2012-07-05 2014-01-09 武汉新瑞达激光工程有限责任公司 Véhicule de traitement au laser de rail en acier sur site
WO2016111705A1 (fr) * 2015-01-09 2016-07-14 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Système en ligne à base d'un laser et procédé de traitement thermique de produits continus
RU180729U1 (ru) * 2017-10-20 2018-06-21 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью НПК "Магнит" Установка термической обработки сварных стыков рельсов в путевых технологических условиях
US10588183B2 (en) 2015-01-09 2020-03-10 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Inline plasma-based system and method for thermal treatment of continuous products
US10961603B2 (en) 2013-11-25 2021-03-30 Magna International Inc. Structural component including a tempered transition zone

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5366607A (en) * 1976-11-25 1978-06-14 Japanese National Railways<Jnr> Method and device for recovering rails from fatigue due to wheel rolling
US4661676A (en) * 1985-03-01 1987-04-28 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Process for producing camshaft with cams subjected to remelting chilling treatment
EP0266167A1 (fr) * 1986-10-31 1988-05-04 Herb Joseph John Seguin Traitement in situ par faisceau d'énergie de voie ferrée et équipement pour augmenter la durée de vie
EP1308525A2 (fr) * 2001-10-30 2003-05-07 Yamazaki Mazak Kabushiki Kaisha Procédé pour contrôler le durcissement par faisceau laser et dispositif pour durcir par faisceau laser

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5366607A (en) * 1976-11-25 1978-06-14 Japanese National Railways<Jnr> Method and device for recovering rails from fatigue due to wheel rolling
US4661676A (en) * 1985-03-01 1987-04-28 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Process for producing camshaft with cams subjected to remelting chilling treatment
EP0266167A1 (fr) * 1986-10-31 1988-05-04 Herb Joseph John Seguin Traitement in situ par faisceau d'énergie de voie ferrée et équipement pour augmenter la durée de vie
EP1308525A2 (fr) * 2001-10-30 2003-05-07 Yamazaki Mazak Kabushiki Kaisha Procédé pour contrôler le durcissement par faisceau laser et dispositif pour durcir par faisceau laser

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 002, no. 098 (M - 030) 16 August 1978 (1978-08-16) *

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2472895C2 (ru) * 2010-08-05 2013-01-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Юго-Западный государственный университет" (ЮЗГУ) Способ формирования профиля головки рельсов
CN102121217A (zh) * 2011-01-30 2011-07-13 武汉华工激光工程有限责任公司 一种用于钢轨表面强化处理的在线激光淬火工艺
CN102121064A (zh) * 2011-01-30 2011-07-13 武汉华工激光工程有限责任公司 一种用于钢轨表面强化处理的离线激光淬火工艺
CN102776812A (zh) * 2012-03-27 2012-11-14 武汉新瑞达激光工程有限责任公司 一种在线式钢轨激光加工车
WO2014005478A1 (fr) * 2012-07-05 2014-01-09 武汉新瑞达激光工程有限责任公司 Véhicule de traitement au laser de rail en acier sur site
US10961603B2 (en) 2013-11-25 2021-03-30 Magna International Inc. Structural component including a tempered transition zone
WO2016111705A1 (fr) * 2015-01-09 2016-07-14 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Système en ligne à base d'un laser et procédé de traitement thermique de produits continus
CN107636175A (zh) * 2015-01-09 2018-01-26 伊利诺斯工具制品有限公司 用于热处理连续产品的成列基于激光的系统和方法
US10588183B2 (en) 2015-01-09 2020-03-10 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Inline plasma-based system and method for thermal treatment of continuous products
US10934603B2 (en) 2015-01-09 2021-03-02 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Inline laser-based system and method for thermal treatment of continuous products
RU180729U1 (ru) * 2017-10-20 2018-06-21 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью НПК "Магнит" Установка термической обработки сварных стыков рельсов в путевых технологических условиях

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