WO2005077713A1 - Transporteur de marchandises refrigerees pourvu d'un evaporateur integre - Google Patents

Transporteur de marchandises refrigerees pourvu d'un evaporateur integre Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005077713A1
WO2005077713A1 PCT/DK2005/000095 DK2005000095W WO2005077713A1 WO 2005077713 A1 WO2005077713 A1 WO 2005077713A1 DK 2005000095 W DK2005000095 W DK 2005000095W WO 2005077713 A1 WO2005077713 A1 WO 2005077713A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cooling system
reefer
inner cladding
passages
cooling
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DK2005/000095
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Erik Grøndal BECK
Original Assignee
Mærsk Container Industri As
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mærsk Container Industri As filed Critical Mærsk Container Industri As
Publication of WO2005077713A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005077713A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00—General constructional features
    • F25D23/06—Walls
    • F25D23/061—Walls with conduit means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
    • B60P3/00—Vehicles adapted to transport, to carry or to comprise special loads or objects
    • B60P3/20—Refrigerated goods vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D11/00—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
    • F25D11/003—Transport containers

Definitions

  • the invention comprises a cooling system for a freight reefer comprising lateral walls, end walls, a bottom and a ceiling, said bottom, ceiling and walls comprising an outer cladding, an inner cladding and an insulating layer sandwiched there between, said cooling system comprising a cooling unit comprising a condensator face and a compressor.
  • such reefers are provided with a cooling/freezer system.
  • a cooling/freezer system comprising a cooling unit arranged within the reefer, typically on the one end wall.
  • the cooling unit of such a system comprises on the inside an evaporator for cooling passing air and a blower/ventilator/fan, and on the outside a condensator, and a compressor .
  • the cooling system operates in that the ventilator of the cooling unit draws in the heated reefer air at the top, following which the hot air is cooled down by passage of the evaporator, and is blown out at the bottom, typically underneath a floor of T-beams.
  • This type of cooling system is associated with a number of drawbacks.
  • the ventilator circulating the air within the reefer deposits energy in the form of heat within the reefer. This heat is subsequently to be removed by the cooling arrangement, which reduces the energy efficiency of the cooling system.
  • the distribution of air is not even throughout the reefer length.
  • the conditions are more or less like a storm, whereas, at the end most proximate the doors, a faint breeze is an adequate description; this means that to ensure that a sufficient amount of cooling air is admitted to the door end of the reefer, a powerful wind is created in that end where the cooling unit is located. This contributes to the creation of an uneven temperature in the reefer, and therefore the reefer must be loaded to take into account which goods are able to tolerate which temperatures, with ensuing increased costs.
  • a variant of the above mentioned system is known from GB 1 049 945 in which a cooled gas is forced by a fan, a jet or a turbine in the cooling unit through gas channels formed in the insulation material of the walls of a small scale cold store.
  • the cooling unit with the fan for forcing the air through the channels is arranged inside the cooling unit inside the cold store.
  • the cooling effect is delivered from a tank containing carbon dioxide or nitrogen.
  • the gas is passed through the gas channels and allowed to dissipate from the system.
  • the system further comprises an evaporator placed inside the cold store to cool the air inside the cold store.
  • the inner cladding of the cold store is formed in a cement plaster.
  • This system has the disadvantage that a considerable amount of gas need to be passed through the air channels in order to cool the inside of the cold store. Therefore, the air channels has to take up a good deal of space inside the isolation, and consequently, the isolation thickness must be reduced at least in the area where the channels are formed leading to reduced heat insulation properties, or the wall thickness must be increased thus influencing the effective space for holding the frozen perishables. Further the evaporator formed within the cold store stakes up room that could otherwise be applied for holding frozen perishables. It is highly undesirable that the coolant inside the evaporator escapes to the cold store.
  • the object of the invention is accomplished by a cooling system as featured in the preamble to claim 1, which cooling system comprises at least one evaporator face integrated in said inner cladding.
  • the cooling system preferably comprises liquid coolant-conveying passages in close connection with at least portions of said inner cladding, said inner cladding being configured from a heat-conducting material, and said passages being connected to said cooling unit.
  • the heat-emitting parts of the cooling unit can be omitted and that the inner cladding of the reefer is caused to serve as an efficient cold shield against the heat coming from the outside, whereby a more energy-efficient cooling system is accomplished.
  • a considerably more even temperature distribution is accomplished throughout the length of the reefer. Consequently it is no longer necessary to load the cargo such that air passages are formed between the cargo and the inner cladding.
  • more efficient packing of the load is accomplished.
  • the cooling system according to the invention takes up less space, which also increases the cargo-carrying capacity, and has considerably resistance to unintended impacts.
  • the inner cladding of the cooling system is preferably made of aluminium.
  • Aluminium is a good heat conductor that allows the area around the passages to serve as evaporator faces, whereby the above-mentioned cold shield can be formed. Moreover, aluminium is a light and strong material which means that good strength can be accomplished against impacts and the like during the loading of goods to the freight reefer without simultaneously increasing the weight of the reefer.
  • the cooling system may have one or more evaporator faces formed in the ceiling or in one or more lateral walls, preferably in the upper half of the lateral wall.
  • the passages of the cooling system are integrated in at least portions of the inner cladding.
  • the closest possible contact between the liquid coolant and the inner cladding is accomplished.
  • a robust cooling system which is easy to maintain is accomplished.
  • the passages being formed in an extruded aluminium plate that partakes in the inner cladding, the invention is configured in a particularly convenient way, since portions of the inner cladding of reefers according to the prior art already comprise extruded profiles/plate elements.
  • portions of the inner cladding of reefers according to the prior art already comprise extruded profiles/plate elements.
  • Fig. 1A is an explanatory sketch of the cooling system in a freight reefer according to the prior art
  • - Fig. 1B is an explanatory sketch of a section B of a cooling unit for a cooling system as shown in Figure 1A
  • - Fig. 2A shows an explanatory sketch of a cooling system for a freight reefer according to the invention
  • FIG. 2B is a sectional view through the outer and inner cladding of a freight reefer along section B-B of Figure 2A, showing an embodiment of the tubing of the cooling system;
  • FIG. 2C is a sectional view through the outer and inner cladding of a freight reefer along section B-B of Figure 2A, showing another embodiment of the tubing of the cooling system;
  • FIG. 3 shows the arrangement of the passages in another embodiment of the invention.
  • the freight reefer 1 typically comprises a frame, between which side and lateral walls, a bottom and a ceiling are arranged.
  • the frame consists of upper and lower longerons at each side; upper and lower transverse girders at each end, and vertically arranged corner posts.
  • the lateral walls, ceiling and bottom of the reefer are arranged.
  • the walls, the bottom and ceiling are configured as double walls, ie as a sandwich structure of two metal plates, ie an inner cladding and an outer cladding; and an interposed insulating layer.
  • the bottom is most often provided internally with a floor of T- beams.
  • Those T-beams are connected to the inner cladding of the bottom and form longitudinally extending passages. Between the T-beams there is a small space that allows the pair to pass upwards and into the reefer space as such.
  • the one end wall of such reefer is typically provided with doors (not shown) that allow access to the reefer.
  • a cooling unit 2 Internally in the freight reefer 1 and typically at the opposite end of said doors, a cooling unit 2 is arranged. A section A of the cooling unit 2 is shown in Figure 1B.
  • the cooling unit 2 comprises an evaporator 3 typically consisting of a coolant-conveying system of winding tubes for forming an evaporator face, and a fan 4.
  • the evaporator 3 is in conventional manner connected with a compressor/pump (not shown) and a condenser/cooler (not shown) on the outside of the freight reefer 1.
  • the fan 4 is intended for circulating the air internally in the freight reefer 1. That circulation is indicated by the arrows in Figures 1A and 1 B.
  • the arrows show that hot air is drawn into the cooling unit 2 at the top and cold air is blown out at the bottom of the freight reefer 1.
  • the arrows show how the hot air is drawn in at the ceiling of the cooling unit 2 by the fan 4 and forced past the evaporator 3, whereby the air is cooled prior to being blown back in at the bottom of the reefer.
  • a freight reefer 1 that has a cooling system according to the invention.
  • the freight reefer 1 comprises an inner cladding 100, an outer cladding 101 , and an insulating material 102 there between.
  • the walls, bottom and ceiling defines an interior space, suitable for holding a payload.
  • the cooling system of the freight reefer 1 also comprises a cooling unit 20.
  • the cooling unit 20 comprises a compressor (not shown) and a condenser/cooler (not shown) on the outside of the freight reefer 1.
  • the cooling unit 10 is in fluid connection with a system of passages 31 connected to at least portions of the plating partaking in the inner cladding
  • the passages 31 are configured for conveying a liquid coolant.
  • the liquid coolant is conveyed around the passages 31 by the compressor/pump configured in the cooling unit 20.
  • the inner cladding 100 is configured from a heat-conducting material, preferably aluminium. Thereby the passages 31 and inner cladding 100 constitute evaporator faces 30 thus being integrated in the inner cladding 100. Thereby an efficient cold shield is formed in the walls that will minimize the heat passage through the surfaces defining the reefer container.
  • Fig. 2A the passages 31 are only schematically outlined.
  • the passages 31 of course forms looped passageways such that the coolant is recycled through the cooling unit 20.
  • the passages 31 are formed in close contact with the inner cladding 100 to achieve the best possible heat conduction between inner cladding 100 and the coolant in the passages 31.
  • the passages can be formed in a tubular system connected in close contact with the inner cladding, eg secured by clips or soldered thereto.
  • the inner cladding 100 provides support for the tubing, making it more resistant to the incidental, but unavoidable impacts from cargo being loading or unloaded.
  • such tubing is disposed in grooves formed in the plating, partaking in the inner cladding 100 on the side of the cladding facing the interior space of the reefer container, as shown in Fig. 2C. Thereby the tubing is further protected from the incidental but unavoidable impacts from cargo being loading or unloaded.
  • the passages 31 are integrated in plating partaking in the inner cladding 100.
  • Such inner cladding 100 can be constituted of an extruded aluminium plate, which is illustrated in Figure 2B.
  • Passages 31 extend essentially throughout the entire length of the freight reefer 1 and are preferably formed from predominantly straight elements in order to reduce the friction between the inner wall of the passages 31 and the liquid coolant.
  • the evaporator faces 30 consisting of passages 31 and inner cladding 100 can be arranged in the uppermost corners of the freight reefer 1.
  • evaporator faces 30 can be arranged anywhere in the inner cladding 100 of the freight reefer, in lateral or end walls, in the ceiling or in the floor.
  • passages 31 are formed over the entire surface of the lateral walls, such that the evaporator faces 30 constitute essentially the entire inner cladding 100 of the lateral walls, as shown in Fig. 3.
  • the operation of the cooling system according to the invention is based on natural circulation of air inside the interior space. There is no forced circulation of air, and therefore a more uniform distribution of temperature is accomplished. Moreover, the drying effect is avoided which may in some cases occur where circulating air is concerned.
  • a cooling system for a freight reefer 1 configured as taught above is particularly advantageous in connection with freight reefers that are intended in particular for the transport of frozen goods.
  • the only heat to be disposed of is the incident heat entering through the reefer walls, bottom and ceiling.
  • the inner cladding 100 of the reefer is caused to serve as a cold shield against the heat coming from the outside.
  • the cooling system is equally applicable for use in connection with trailers for trucks or the like or trucks or the like with permanent refrigerated storages.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de refroidissement qui est conçu pour un transporteur de marchandises réfrigérées (1) et qui comprend des parois latérales, des parois d'extrémité, un fond et un plafond définissant un espace intérieur et comprenant un revêtement extérieur (101), un revêtement intérieur (100) et une couche isolante (102) prise en sandwich entre lesdits revêtements. Le système de refroidissement selon l'invention comprend, d'une part, une unité de refroidissement (20) comprenant une face condensateur et un compresseur formés à l'extérieur dudit espace intérieur et, d'autre part, au moins une face évaporateur (30) intégrée au revêtement intérieur (100).
PCT/DK2005/000095 2004-02-12 2005-02-11 Transporteur de marchandises refrigerees pourvu d'un evaporateur integre WO2005077713A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DKPA200400216 2004-02-12
DKPA200400216 2004-02-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005077713A1 true WO2005077713A1 (fr) 2005-08-25

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3072740A1 (fr) * 2015-03-25 2016-09-28 Thermo King Corporation Unité de transport réfrigérée à profil bas
DE102016125735A1 (de) * 2016-12-27 2018-06-28 KLAISS Kälte-Klima GmbH & Co. KG Vorrichtung zur Kühlung von Gebäuden

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2214055A (en) * 1935-06-29 1940-09-10 Gen Motors Corp Refrigerating apparatus
US2336733A (en) * 1939-04-28 1943-12-14 Gen Motors Corp Refrigerating apparatus
US2521272A (en) * 1947-05-03 1950-09-05 Swift & Co Refrigerator car
GB935153A (en) * 1960-12-29 1963-08-28 Alfred Krenz Arrangements of insulated cooling means in a refrigerated truck
US3159982A (en) * 1962-03-28 1964-12-08 Max H Schachner Refrigerated container having primary and secondary cooling circuits
US3181311A (en) * 1962-02-02 1965-05-04 John B Latzer Refrigerated trailer
GB1049945A (en) * 1964-01-23 1966-11-30 Joseph Martin Wilson Cold storage apparatus
FR1485327A (fr) * 1966-07-01 1967-06-16 Chemetron Corp Procédé et appareil de réfrigération
EP0023145A1 (fr) * 1979-07-20 1981-01-28 E M Wilcox Limited Procédé pour le transport de chargements de crustacés vivants et appareil utilisable pour un tel transport

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2214055A (en) * 1935-06-29 1940-09-10 Gen Motors Corp Refrigerating apparatus
US2336733A (en) * 1939-04-28 1943-12-14 Gen Motors Corp Refrigerating apparatus
US2521272A (en) * 1947-05-03 1950-09-05 Swift & Co Refrigerator car
GB935153A (en) * 1960-12-29 1963-08-28 Alfred Krenz Arrangements of insulated cooling means in a refrigerated truck
US3181311A (en) * 1962-02-02 1965-05-04 John B Latzer Refrigerated trailer
US3159982A (en) * 1962-03-28 1964-12-08 Max H Schachner Refrigerated container having primary and secondary cooling circuits
GB1049945A (en) * 1964-01-23 1966-11-30 Joseph Martin Wilson Cold storage apparatus
FR1485327A (fr) * 1966-07-01 1967-06-16 Chemetron Corp Procédé et appareil de réfrigération
EP0023145A1 (fr) * 1979-07-20 1981-01-28 E M Wilcox Limited Procédé pour le transport de chargements de crustacés vivants et appareil utilisable pour un tel transport

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3072740A1 (fr) * 2015-03-25 2016-09-28 Thermo King Corporation Unité de transport réfrigérée à profil bas
DE102016125735A1 (de) * 2016-12-27 2018-06-28 KLAISS Kälte-Klima GmbH & Co. KG Vorrichtung zur Kühlung von Gebäuden
DE102016125735B4 (de) 2016-12-27 2021-12-09 KLAISS Kälte-Klima GmbH & Co. KG Vorrichtung zur Kühlung von Gebäuden

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