WO2005045064A1 - Tbk1ノックアウトマウスを用いたスクリーニング方法 - Google Patents
Tbk1ノックアウトマウスを用いたスクリーニング方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005045064A1 WO2005045064A1 PCT/JP2004/016404 JP2004016404W WO2005045064A1 WO 2005045064 A1 WO2005045064 A1 WO 2005045064A1 JP 2004016404 W JP2004016404 W JP 2004016404W WO 2005045064 A1 WO2005045064 A1 WO 2005045064A1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/5005—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells
- G01N33/5008—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells for testing or evaluating the effect of chemical or biological compounds, e.g. drugs, cosmetics
- G01N33/502—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells for testing or evaluating the effect of chemical or biological compounds, e.g. drugs, cosmetics for testing non-proliferative effects
- G01N33/5041—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells for testing or evaluating the effect of chemical or biological compounds, e.g. drugs, cosmetics for testing non-proliferative effects involving analysis of members of signalling pathways
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/027—New or modified breeds of vertebrates
- A01K67/0275—Genetically modified vertebrates, e.g. transgenic
- A01K67/0276—Knock-out vertebrates
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/5005—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells
- G01N33/5008—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells for testing or evaluating the effect of chemical or biological compounds, e.g. drugs, cosmetics
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/5005—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells
- G01N33/5008—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving human or animal cells for testing or evaluating the effect of chemical or biological compounds, e.g. drugs, cosmetics
- G01N33/5082—Supracellular entities, e.g. tissue, organisms
- G01N33/5088—Supracellular entities, e.g. tissue, organisms of vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K2217/00—Genetically modified animals
- A01K2217/07—Animals genetically altered by homologous recombination
- A01K2217/075—Animals genetically altered by homologous recombination inducing loss of function, i.e. knock out
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the use of a TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) knockout mouse or a tissue or a cell derived from the knockout mouse to stimulate lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and to stimulate interferon ⁇ (IFN-
- TTK1 TANK-binding kinase 1
- LPS lipopolysaccharide
- 8 interferon ⁇
- Toll-like receptors are essential for recognizing the invasion of pathogens, and are known to play an important link between innate immunity and adaptive immunity (eg, Rev. Immunol. 20: 197-216, 2002, Annu. Rev. Immunol. 21: 335-376, 2003).
- TLRs are triacylated lipopeptides recognized by TLR1ZTLR2 heterodimer, diacylated lipopeptides recognized by TLR2ZTLR6 heterodimer, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) recognized by TLR4, and duplexes recognized by TLR3
- Various bacterial components such as RNA (dsRNA), flagellin which also obtained the flagellar power of bacteria recognized by TLR5, and bacterial DNA including non-methylated CpG motif recognized by TLR9 can be recognized.
- dsRNA RNA
- flagellin flagellin which also obtained the flagellar power of bacteria recognized by TLR5
- bacterial DNA including non-methylated CpG motif recognized by TLR9 can be recognized.
- the cytoplasmic region of each TLR contains a TollZlL-1 receptor (TIR) domain that is common to both the TLR and IL1 receptor families.
- TIR TollZlL-1 receptor
- MyD88 is a cytoplasmic molecule containing both TIR and death domains and functions as an adapter protein for the TLR receptor family and the IL1 receptor family.
- the TIR domain of MyD88 is required for forming a complex between a receptor containing the TIR domain and an adapter molecule.
- the death domain mediates the interaction with other death domain-containing molecules such as IRAKI and IRAK4.
- MyD88 deficiency in response to almost all TLR ligands, results in impaired production of pro-inflammatory cytokins, but with dsRNA ( TLR3 ligand) and LPS (TLR4 ligand) induce the activation of interferon regulator (IRF) -3, causing MyD88-independent production of IFN-18 (eg, J. Immunol. 167: 5887-). 5894, 2001, Int. Immunol. 14: 1225-1231, 2002, Nature Immunol. 3: 392-8, 2002, J. Immunol. 169: 6668-6672, 2002).
- IRF interferon regulator
- IFN-18 is controlled by the expression of NF- ⁇ B, ATF-2 / c-Jun, and IRF-3 and IRF-7 (for example, Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 55: 255-81, 2001, Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. 15: 259-267, 2002, Curr. Opin. Immunol. 14: 111-116, 2002).
- IRF-3 and IRF-7 are strongly induced in an autocrine positive feedback fashion (see, eg, Curr. Opin. Immunol. 14: 111-116, 2002, Curr Opin Immunol. 15: 52-58, 2003).
- IRF-3 is localized in the cytoplasm of uninfected cells. Following viral infection, IRF-3 phosphorylates at multiple serine Z threonine residues located at the C-terminal end. The phosphorylated IRF-3 forms a homodimer that translocates into the nucleus, and the IRF-binding element / IFN-stimulated response element (IRF-E / ISRE) Activates a promoter containing the IRF binding site called
- IKK I ⁇ B kinase
- IKKi inducible IKK
- TBK1 NF- ⁇ activating kinase
- TNF tumor necrosis factor
- TRF tumor necrosis factor receptor-related factor
- T2K tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor
- IKK-related kinases are thought to be involved in the activation of NF- ⁇ .
- two research groups have shown that ⁇ i and TBK1 phosphorylate and activate IRF-3 and IRF-7, as well as IFN-j8, RANTES (Regulated on activation) in viral infection as well as the T RIF-dependent signaling pathway. , normal T cell expressed and secreted) and ISG54 (see, for example, Science. 300: 1148-1151, 2003, Nature Immunol. 4: 491-496, 2003).
- TBK1 (T2K) knockout mice may die around embryonic day 14.5 (E14.5), and double knockout mice of TBK1 (T2K) and TNF may grow similarly to wild-type mice. It is known (see EMBO J. 19: 4976-4985, 2000).
- lipopolysaccharide (LPS) also known as endotoxin, which exists mainly as an outer membrane component of Gram-negative bacteria, as ligand recognized by TLR4, and lipopolysaccharide, a cell wall component of Gram-positive bacteria, Poticoic acid (LTA), lysate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, gram-positive bacterial cell wall fraction, etc. are known (Immunity. 11: 443-451, 1999, Int. Immunol. 12:
- An object of the present invention is to provide a TBK1 knockout mouse or a tissue or cell derived from the knockout mouse, which is used to promote the induction of an antiviral protein such as IFN-18 against LPS stimulation and Z or virus infection. To provide a screening method.
- the present inventors have studied the physiological role of IKKi and TBK1 by gene targeting.
- IKK i-cells showed normal gene induction in response to LPS.
- penile cells induction of the force proinflammatory site force-in mRNA, which showed that the expression of IFN-18 was impaired, was normal.
- activation of NF- ⁇ B was induced by both mutants, EF, but not in penile cells, ISRE binding activity.
- expression of IFN-18 and the IFN-inducible gene was severely impaired in the virus-infected pancreatic cells.
- the present invention relates to (1) a mouse in which part or all of the TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) gene on the chromosome is deleted and the function of expressing TBK1 expressed in a wild type is lost, or Using the mouse-derived tissue or cell, a test substance, a ligand recognized by TLR4, or a substance containing the same, a ligand recognized by TLR4 in the mouse or tissue or cell derived from the mouse, or a ligand thereof.
- the present invention relates to a method of screening for a ligand recognized by TLR4 or a substance that promotes a response to these components, which comprises measuring and evaluating the degree of response to the components.
- the present invention also relates to (2) performing a 'comparison with a littermate wild-type mouse as a control' for the evaluation of the degree of response to ligands recognized by TLR4 or the contents thereof.
- a screening method for a substance promoting response (3) a mouse-derived cell force TBK1 knockout mouse-derived embryonic fibroblast, or a ligand recognized by TLR4 according to (1) or (2), or (1)
- LPS lipopolysaccharide
- the present invention relates to a method of screening for a ligand recognized by the described TLR4 or a substance that promotes a response to a substance containing these ligands.
- the present invention provides (6) a method for screening a substance which promotes a response to a ligand recognized by TLR4 or a substance containing these ligands, which is described in (5), which is an antiviral protein interferon (IFN-j8); (7) Antiviral protein activity ISG54, IP-10 or IRG1; (5) the method for screening for a ligand recognized by TLR4 or a substance that promotes response to a substance containing these, as described in (5);
- the viral proteins are Mx2, IRF-7, interferon-inducible GTPase, and ISG15, and the method of (5) for screening a ligand recognized by TLR4 or a substance that promotes a response to these components, 9)
- the degree of induction of ISRE binding activity to LPS stimulation is measured and evaluated, and the ligands recognized by TLR4 described in (4) or contents thereof are A screening method for a substance promoting response, (10) a ligand recognized by TLR4 or
- the screening methods for substances that enhance the response to these components, and (13) that the antiviral protein against viral infection is ISG54, IP-10, IRG1, or RANTES
- the features (11) TLR4 according ligand recognized or these The present invention relates to a method for screening a substance that enhances a response to inclusions.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram relating to the production of IKK i-mice and penmice.
- RNAdO / zg Thioglycolic acid-induced peritoneal cells, which were also obtained from wild-type and mosquito mice, were stimulated with 100 ng / ml LPS for the indicated times.
- the total RNAdO / zg) was subjected to electrophoresis, transferred to a nylon membrane, and hybridized using a NKK-terminal fragment of IKKi, a region from which the IKKi gene had been removed in a targeting construct, or a TBK1 cDNA fragment as a probe.
- the same membrane was rehybridized using the j8-actin probe.
- (D) shows the results of IFN-j8 promoter reporter Atsushi.
- HEK293 cells were transiently co-transfected with the indicated expression vector and IFN- ⁇ luciferase reporter vector. 36 hours after transfection, luciferase activity in whole cell lysates was measured.
- E shows the structure of the TBK1 gene, targeting vector and predicted mutant alleles.
- Wild type EF and pen EF RNA was extracted, stimulated with 1.O / z gZml of LPS for the indicated times, electrophoresed, transferred to a nylon membrane, and hybridized using an IKKi or TBK1 cDNA fragment as a probe. The same membrane was again hybridized using the j8-actin probe.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing impaired induction of IFN- ⁇ and IFN-inducible genes, which is not seen in IKKi-Ion EF, which is found in pen EF stimulated with LPS.
- A shows IL-6 production by EF ⁇ . Wild-type EF, IKK i- EF (upper) or pen EF (lower) were stimulated with 1 OngZml of TNF-o; lOngZml of IL-1 ⁇ , lOOngZml of BLP or the indicated LPS concentration for 24 hours. . The concentration of IL 6 in the culture supernatant was measured by ELISA. Data are presented as averager SD.
- B shows the EF gene induction stimulated with LPS.
- Wild-type, IKK pan (left) or pan (right) were stimulated with 1.0 g LPS for the indicated times. Total RNA was extracted and Northern blot analysis of the indicated genes was performed.
- C shows the results of microarray analysis of EF stimulated with LPS. Wild-type EF and TB K17-EF were stimulated with LPS and RNA was collected at the indicated times and used for microarray analysis. For Genespring software, make sure that the expression is absolute. The color code of the signal intensity is shown on the left.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing the necessity of TBK1 for ISRE binding and IFN- ⁇ promoter activity induced by LPS.
- Pen is a diagram showing the failure of ISRE binding in EF. Wild-type EF, IKK i7-EF, or pen EF were stimulated with 0.1 gZml of LPS for the indicated times, and NF- ⁇ B binding (right) and ISRE binding activity (left) were determined by EMSA.
- B shows the results of recovery of IFN-jS promoter activity in pen EF by expression of TBK1.
- TBK1 + / + (WT) or TBK17-EF was cotransfected with human TBK1 (hTBKl) and IFN-jS promoter luciferase promoter. Twenty-four hours after transfection, the vigorous cells were stimulated with LPS for another 12 hours (LPS stim.) Or not (unstim.) Before luciferase activity was measured.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing the necessity of TBK1 for IFN-induced gene expression of virus-sensitive EF.
- A shows the results of Northern blot analysis in which wild-type EF, IKK i-EF and TBKr / -EF were infected with recombinant VSV or Se V for the time indicated, and total RNA was extracted. .
- B Nuclear translocation of IRF-3 and NF- ⁇ Bp65 in response to VSV infection
- FIG. ES was infected with recombinant VSV for the time indicated, nuclear proteins were extracted, separated by SDS-PAGE, and blotted with anti-IRF-3 and NF- ⁇ 65 antibodies.
- the screening method of the substance for promoting the stimulation of LPS and the induction of an antiviral protein against ⁇ or viral infection includes a method in which part or all of the TBK1 gene on the chromosome is deleted and expressed in the wild type. Using a mouse or a tissue or cell derived from the mouse, a test substance, LPS and Z or a virus, the mouse or a tissue or cell derived from the mouse is lost.
- the above-mentioned mice are not particularly limited as long as they are methods for measuring and evaluating the degree of induction of antiviral proteins against LPS stimulation and Z or virus infection. Examples of the above mice include TBK1 knockout mouse ⁇ and TBKl 'TNF double knockout mouse.
- mice that grow similarly to wild-type mice are preferred.
- the mouse-derived tissue include spleen, lymph node, bone marrow, lung, and the like.
- Examples of the mouse-derived cell include embryonic fibroblasts (EF), macrophages, splenocytes, and dendrites. Cells, lung fibroblasts and the like. Since TBK1 knockout mice die around embryonic day 14.5 (E14.5), culturable immortalized cells such as embryonic fibroblasts are preferred as cells derived from TBK1 knockout mice.
- E14.5 embryonic day 14.5
- the TBK1 knockout mouse can be produced, for example, as follows.
- the TBK1 gene can be obtained by amplifying a mouse gene library by PCR or the like, and screening the obtained gene fragment using a probe derived from the mouse TBK1 gene.
- the screened TBK1 gene can be subcloned using a plasmid vector or the like, and identified by restriction enzyme mapping and DNA sequencing.
- all or part of the TBK1-encoding gene was replaced with a pMCl neo gene cassette or the like, and the diphtheria toxin A fragment (DT-A) gene or simple herpes virus thymidine kinase was inserted at the 3 'end.
- a target vector is prepared by introducing a gene such as the (HSV-tk) gene.
- the thus produced targeting vector is linearly ligated, introduced into ES cells by an electoporation (electroporation) method or the like, and homologous recombination is performed. From, select ES cells that have undergone homologous recombination with an antibiotic such as G418 or ganciclovia (GANC). In addition, it is preferable to confirm whether or not the selected recombinant ES cells have the desired recombinant power by Southern blotting or the like. The confirmed ES cell clone is microinjected into a mouse blastocyst, and the kakar blastocyst is returned to the foster mother mouse to produce a chimeric mouse.
- an antibiotic such as G418 or ganciclovia
- a heterozygous mouse F1 mouse: + Z—
- TBK1 knockout mice can be produced.
- RNA is isolated from the mouse obtained by the above method and examined by Northern blotting or the like. There is a method of examining the expression of ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ by Western blotting or the like.
- LPS, virus, etc. which are bacterial cell wall components of Gram-negative bacteria
- Bioactivity of endotoxin such as fever, shock, reduction of white blood cells and platelets, bone marrow hemorrhage necrosis, hypoglycemia, IFN induction, activation of B lymphocytes (bone marrow-derived immune response cells) administered to knockout mice by intravenous injection, etc.
- bacterial LPS or gram-positive bacterial cell components such as lipoticoic acid, M.
- the virus is not particularly limited as long as the virus component contains a ligand recognized by TLR4.
- examples include vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), Sendai virus (SeV), mouse breast cancer virus (MMTV), and RS virus. (RSV) and the like.
- LPS is administered to the TBK1 knockout mouse or TBKl'TNF double knockout mouse, The virus is infected, and test substances such as peptides, nucleic acids, low molecular weight compounds, and naturally-occurring extracts are administered before or after or simultaneously with LPS administration (irritation) or virus infection, and LPS stimulation of these knockout mouse-derived cells is performed.
- the degree of response to virus infection Stimulate with LPS or infect a virus derived from out-mouse or TBK1 / TNF double-knock-out mouse with LPS, and before, after or simultaneously with LPS stimulation or virus infection, peptides, nucleic acids, low molecular weight compounds, natural extracts, etc.
- a method for measuring and evaluating the degree of response to LPS stimulation or virus infection in these knockout mouse-derived cells in the presence of a test substance can be exemplified. Then, when measuring the degree of response to ligands recognized by TLR4 or their inclusions, 'evaluating' comparing with littermate wild-type mice as controls''evaluation' can eliminate variations due to individual differences. I like it.
- LPS which is recognized by TLR4 as a ligand
- Specific examples include IFN-j8, IFN-j8-induced ISG54, IP-10 (lFN- ⁇ -Inducible ProteinlO), IRG1, Mx2, IRF-7, interferon-inducible GTPase, ISG15, etc. it can.
- IFN-j8, IFN-j8, and the like are preferable to measure and evaluate the degree of induction of the antiviral protein against viral infection.
- ISG54, IP-10, IRG1, RANTES, etc. induced by IFN-j8 can be specifically listed.
- the promoter obtained by the method of the present invention for screening for a ligand recognized by TLR4 or a substance that promotes a response to the contents thereof is useful for elucidating the mechanism of signal transduction by LPS stimulation or virus infection in vivo.
- promoting substances may be used as preventive and therapeutic agents for bacterial and viral infections.
- a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, binder, stabilizer, excipient, diluent use a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, binder, stabilizer, excipient, diluent.
- Various formulation components such as pH buffering agents, disintegrants, solubilizing agents, solubilizing agents, and isotonic agents can be added.
- an appropriate dose suitable for the sex, weight, and symptoms of the patient can be administered orally or parenterally. That is, it can be administered orally in a commonly used dosage form, for example, in the form of powder, granules, capsules, syrups, suspensions, etc.
- a solution, emulsion, suspension or the like can be administered parenterally in the form of an injection, or can be administered intranasally in the form of a spray.
- Embryonic fibroblasts were prepared from embryos at embryonic day 12.5 as described above (J. Immunol. 167: 5887-5894, 2001).
- Recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) was provided by Dr. Yoshiharu Matsuura and Dr. Takayuki Abe (Osaka University).
- Sendai virus (SeV) was provided by Dr. Tatsuo Shiota (Osaka University).
- EFs were infected with 1 ⁇ 109 VSV RNA copy Zml or multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 10 SeV virus.
- Salmonella 'M. Minnesota Re-595 LPS was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.
- Synthetic Pam3CSK4 bacterial lipopeptide, BLP was obtained from Boehringer Mannheim.
- TNF- ⁇ and IL-1 ⁇ were purchased from Genzyme.
- an expression vector for wild-type IKKi and mutant IKKi derived from the IKKi mutant allele In order to construct an expression vector for wild-type IKKi and mutant IKKi derived from the IKKi mutant allele, the RT-PCR products of IKKi cDNA obtained from wild-type EF and IKKi7-EF were sequenced, and pFLAG- Cloning was performed on a CMV2 vector (Sigma-Aldrich). An expression vector for human IRF-3 was constructed by ligating arboreal HRF-3 cDNA to the pFLAG-CMV2 vector. An expression vector for human TBKl (hTBKl) was constructed by sequencing the RT-PCR product of TBKl cDNA obtained from the human placenta cDNA library and ligating it to the pEF-BOS vector.
- Genomic DNA fragments encoding ⁇ i and TBK1 were screened from the 129ZSv mouse genomic library and characterized by restriction mapping and sequencing analysis. Both the 1. Okbp fragment of the IKKi gene and the 1.5 kbp fragment of the TBK1 gene were A targeting vector was designed by substituting with the mycin resistance gene cassette. A simple herpesvirus thymidine kinase gene driven by the MC1 promoter was used for negative selection. These targeting vectors were transfected into embryonic day 14.1 ES cells. Targeted ES cells were identified by PCR and Southern blot from G418 and ganciclovir double resistant clones and then injected into C57BLZ6 blastocysts. The obtained male chimeric mouse and C57BLZ6 female mouse were bred. Thereafter, F1 progeny were intercrossed to produce homozygotes of each mutant allele. (Northern plot analysis)
- EFs (1 ⁇ 10 6 cells) obtained from wild-type embryos, IKK i-embryos and embryos were stimulated with 1.0 / z gZ ml of LPS for a predetermined time.
- a nuclear extract was prepared and incubated using a radiolabeled oligonucleotide probe containing an NF- ⁇ B binding site or an IFN stimulation control element (ISRE), followed by the aforementioned literature (J. Immunol. 167: 5887-5894). , 2001) and visualized by autoradiography.
- ISRE IFN stimulation control element
- Nuclear extracts were separated by SDS-PAGE and transferred to a PVDF membrane.
- an anti-IRF-3 antibody (Science. 301: 640-643, 2003) and an anti-NF- ⁇ Bp65 antibody (manufactured by Santa Cruz Biotechnology)
- plotting was performed on a vibrating membrane. Strong membrane-bound antibodies were visualized with horseradish peroxidase-labeled antibodies against egret IgG (Amersham Bioscience) using the ECL system (PerkinElmer Life Sciences).
- Human fetal kidney 293 cells were seeded on a 24-well plate and transfected with a reporter plasmid and a predetermined expression vector using Lipofectoamin 2000 reagent (manufactured by Invitrogen). Transformed to Gent.
- the EF seeded on a 6-well plate was mixed with an empty pEF-BOS vector (MOCK) or pEF-B8 together with the IFN-j8 promoter reporter plasmid using Fu GENE6 transfection reagent (Roche Diagnostics). Transfected transiently with BOS human TBK1. Twenty-four hours after transfection, the cells were stimulated with 10 gZml of LPS for an additional 12 hours.
- the luciferase activity of the whole cell lysate was measured using a dual luciferase reporter assay system (Promega).
- Renilla Nofuev. ⁇ zelepo ⁇ ta ' ⁇ gene (Renilla-luciferase reporter gene) (Promega) was used.
- EF stimulated with LPS for 2 hours or 4 hours or EF-stimulated total RNA was extracted, and cRNA probe was synthesized.
- Preparation of cRNA, hybridization and scanning of the microarray were performed according to the manufacturer's instructions. The analysis was performed using the Affymetrix Microarray MG U74A Version 2 (Aifymetrix). Microarray Suite version 5.0 software (Alfymetrix) Data analysis was performed using software (manufactured by Silicon Genetics).
- IKK i mouse and pen mouse were prepared by gene targeting.
- ⁇ ⁇ A targeting vector for generating i-mice was constructed using a neomycin resistance gene cassette to replace exon 7 and exon 8 of the IKKi gene, which encodes a part of the second kinase domain.
- Figure 1A IKK i-mice were born at the expected Mendelian ratio, were fertile, and appeared healthy (FIG. 1B).
- IKKi transcripts were detected in thioglycolic acid-induced peritoneal cells of homozygous mutant mice (Fig. 1C).
- a targeting vector for producing a pen mouse was constructed using a neomycin resistance gene cassette to replace exon 9 of the TBK1 gene (FIG. 1E).
- TBK1 heterozygous mice were born, and powerful mice appeared healthy. However, the penguin died around day 14.5 of the embryo (E14.5), as previously reported (EMBO J. 19: 4976-4985, 2000).
- Fibroblasts ( ⁇ F) were obtained from embryos on day 5 (FIG. 1F), and the expression of TBK1 mRNA was examined. In wild-type EF, TBK1 mRNA was detected and increased after LPS stimulation. However, in pen EF, no TBK1 mRNA was detected, whereas the IKKi gene was induced normally (FIG. 1G).
- ⁇ i and TBK1 are involved in NF- ⁇ NF activation. Since IL-6 production is dependent on NF- ⁇ , we have studied the production of IL-6 in EF in response to various stimuli known to activate NF- ⁇ . Was measured. EF was stimulated with TNFa, IL1 ⁇ , the TLR2 ligand Pam3CSK4 (bacterial lipopeptide, BLP) and the TLR4 ligand LPS. As shown in Figure 2A, IKK i-EF and PEN EF produced similar amounts of IL-6 in response to all stimulants examined, as compared to wild-type cells.
- LPS stimulation induces activation of IRF-3 and induces IFN-18 and a set of IFN-inducible genes
- IKK i-EF stimulated with LPS
- IFN-inducible genes such as ISG54, IP-10, IRG1, and RANTES
- pen EF mRNA induction of IFN- ⁇ , ISG54, IP-10 and IRG1 was significantly impaired, whereas mRNA induction of RANTES and IL6 was similar to that of wild-type cells ( ( Figure 2B).
- Viral infection induces phosphorylation and dimerization of IRF-3 and induces IFN-j8 and other antiviral molecules (Lin, R, C. Heylbroeck, P. Genin, PM Pitha, J. Hiscott. 1999. Essential role of interferon regulatory factor 3 in direct activation of RANTES chemokine transcription. Mol. Cell Biol. 19: 959-9b., Genin, P., M. Algarte, P. Roof, R Lin, and J. Hiscott. 2000. Regulation of RANTES chemokine gene expression requires cooperativity between NF— kB and
- IFN-regulatory factor transcription factors J. Immunol. Ib4: 5352-5361.
- IKKi or TBK1 mediates the expression of the virus-induced gene (FIG. 4A).
- EF was infected with vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) or Sendai virus (SeV), and mRNA expression was examined by Northern blot analysis.
- VSV vesicular stomatitis virus
- SeV Sendai virus
- IFN-18 mRNA expression was not observed in the pancreatic cells, and RANTES and IP-10 mRNA expressions were significantly reduced as compared to the live cells.
- nuclear proteins were also prepared for VSV-infected wild-type EF and T-pan EF, and IRF-3 was detected by performing an immunoplot. As shown in FIG. 4B, accumulation of nuclear IRF-3 and NF- ⁇ Bp65 was observed in wild-type cells. In pancreatic cells, accumulation of IRF-3 was impaired, but exerted no effect on NF- ⁇ ⁇ 65 translocation.
- TBK1 is an essential molecule for the activation of IRF-3, and that it induces mRNA induction of IFN-j8 and other antiviral molecules in viral infection.
- virus-infected TBK17-EF induction of RANTES transcripts was impaired
- LPS LPS
- Example 2 above demonstrated that TBK1 is essential for the induction of an IFN-inducible gene set including IFN-18. These genes are regulated in a MyD88-independent but TRIF-dependent manner and are activated by the transcription factor IRF-3 (J. Immunol.
- Example 2 shows that these two kinases have different functions in LPS stimulation and viral infection.
- IKKi and TBK1 were first identified as molecules related to IKK ⁇ and IKK
- TLR3 or TLR4 Stimulation of TLR3 or TLR4 on macrophages is known to cause IRF-3-dependent and rapid up-regulation of IFN- ⁇ , IP-10 and RANTES genes (Doyle, S. Vaidya, R. 0 'then onnell, H. Dadgostar, P. Dempsey, T. Wu, G. Rao, R. Sun, M. Haberland, R. Modlin, and G. Cheng. 2002. IRF3 mediates a TLR3 / TLR4—specific antiviral gene program. Immunity. 17: 251—2b3).
- TBK1 in response to LPS and viral infection, induces the IFN-18 gene. Since IKKi, a component essential for induction, was found to be non-essential, controlling TBK1 activity allowed the regulation of IFN-18 without affecting the induction of proinflammatory site force-in. Expression can be altered.
- the present invention makes it possible to obtain new therapeutic treatments for septic shock and viral infection.
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002545171A CA2545171A1 (en) | 2003-11-10 | 2004-11-05 | Screening method with the use of tbk1 knockout mouse |
EP04799512A EP1688504A4 (en) | 2003-11-10 | 2004-11-05 | SCREENING PROCEDURE USING A TBK1 KNOCKOUT MOUSE |
US11/431,898 US20060272035A1 (en) | 2003-11-10 | 2006-05-10 | Screening method with the use of TBK1 knockout mouse |
US12/037,589 US20080184379A1 (en) | 2003-11-10 | 2008-02-26 | Screening Method With The Use Of TBK1 Knockout Mouse |
US12/507,374 US20100092943A1 (en) | 2003-11-10 | 2009-07-22 | Screening method with the use of tbk1 knockout mouse |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003380435A JP2005137333A (ja) | 2003-11-10 | 2003-11-10 | Tbk1ノックアウトマウスを用いたスクリーニング方法 |
JP2003-380435 | 2003-11-10 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/431,898 Continuation-In-Part US20060272035A1 (en) | 2003-11-10 | 2006-05-10 | Screening method with the use of TBK1 knockout mouse |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2005045064A1 true WO2005045064A1 (ja) | 2005-05-19 |
Family
ID=34567237
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2004/016404 WO2005045064A1 (ja) | 2003-11-10 | 2004-11-05 | Tbk1ノックアウトマウスを用いたスクリーニング方法 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (3) | US20060272035A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1688504A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2005137333A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2545171A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005045064A1 (ja) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1998039410A1 (en) * | 1997-03-07 | 1998-09-11 | Tularik Inc. | IλB $i(KINASES) |
WO2000041561A1 (fr) * | 1999-01-14 | 2000-07-20 | Japan Science And Technology Corporation | Modele murin ne repondant pas aux composants cellulaires bacteriens |
WO2001072993A1 (fr) * | 2000-03-31 | 2001-10-04 | Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Inhibiteur de liaison entre le recepteur de type toll et cd14 |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU2003243161A1 (en) * | 2002-04-24 | 2003-11-10 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Methods for stimulating tlr/irf3 pathways for inducing anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and anticancer responses |
-
2003
- 2003-11-10 JP JP2003380435A patent/JP2005137333A/ja active Pending
-
2004
- 2004-11-05 CA CA002545171A patent/CA2545171A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-11-05 WO PCT/JP2004/016404 patent/WO2005045064A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-11-05 EP EP04799512A patent/EP1688504A4/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-05-10 US US11/431,898 patent/US20060272035A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2008
- 2008-02-26 US US12/037,589 patent/US20080184379A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2009
- 2009-07-22 US US12/507,374 patent/US20100092943A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1998039410A1 (en) * | 1997-03-07 | 1998-09-11 | Tularik Inc. | IλB $i(KINASES) |
WO2000041561A1 (fr) * | 1999-01-14 | 2000-07-20 | Japan Science And Technology Corporation | Modele murin ne repondant pas aux composants cellulaires bacteriens |
WO2001072993A1 (fr) * | 2000-03-31 | 2001-10-04 | Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Inhibiteur de liaison entre le recepteur de type toll et cd14 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See also references of EP1688504A4 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1688504A1 (en) | 2006-08-09 |
US20100092943A1 (en) | 2010-04-15 |
US20080184379A1 (en) | 2008-07-31 |
CA2545171A1 (en) | 2005-05-19 |
EP1688504A4 (en) | 2008-01-09 |
JP2005137333A (ja) | 2005-06-02 |
US20060272035A1 (en) | 2006-11-30 |
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