WO2005033596A1 - Heating and defrosting methods and apparatus - Google Patents
Heating and defrosting methods and apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005033596A1 WO2005033596A1 PCT/NZ2004/000234 NZ2004000234W WO2005033596A1 WO 2005033596 A1 WO2005033596 A1 WO 2005033596A1 NZ 2004000234 W NZ2004000234 W NZ 2004000234W WO 2005033596 A1 WO2005033596 A1 WO 2005033596A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- evaporator
- heat
- heat pump
- working fluid
- temperature
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 35
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 abstract description 32
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007792 gaseous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
- F25B47/022—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/11—Sensor to detect if defrost is necessary
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/19—Pressures
- F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
- F25B2700/1933—Suction pressures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
- F25B2700/21175—Temperatures of an evaporator of the refrigerant at the outlet of the evaporator
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
- F25B5/04—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in series
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
- F25D21/02—Detecting the presence of frost or condensate
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
- F25D21/06—Removing frost
- F25D21/08—Removing frost by electric heating
Definitions
- the present invention in one embodiment relates to heat pump apparatus and to methods of operating a heat pump, and in particular, but not exclusively, to heat pumps which reduce or eliminate icing of the evaporator. It does, however, have application wherever fluid heating may be required.
- heat pump is used herein to define a system which absorbs heat (heat energy), at one or more temperatures and emits heat at a higher temperature, and which includes, in order, a compressor to pump refrigerant vapor around a closed circuit, a condenser to extract heat from the vapor, thereby condensing the refrigerant, an expansion valve to expand the refrigerant to a gaseous phase, thereby causing the temperature of the refrigerant to fall, and an evaporator to allow the cool refrigerant vapor to absorb heat.
- the refrigerant then returns to the compressor and repeats the cycle.
- Elements such as accumulators and receivers may also be used to ensure that the fluid is in the correct phase before it proceeds around the cycle.
- heat pump may be applied equally to such systems when used to remove heat from a space or medium, such as for the purposes of air conditioning and refrigeration, or to systems used for heating a space or medium, such as water or space heating.
- a four-way valve will be included in the heat pump system before the compressor to change-over the condenser to an evaporator and vice versa.
- the terms "evaporator” and “condenser” are therefore used interchangeably herein depending on whether the heat pump is being used in its heating or cooling mode.
- Other uses such as the heating of a gas or other fluids will also be included. Such uses could include the heating of a fluid such as in a hydraulic system or in an engine where lowering of the viscosity of the fluid could be of benefit.
- a disadvantage of using current heat pumps for heating is that ice may form on the evaporator when the ambient temperature around the evaporator drops below a minimum temperature, typically around +10°C. When this happens the efficiency of the heat pump reduces dramatically due to the low thermal conductivity of the ice reducing the rate at which heat can be absorbed by the evaporator.
- One of the options currently used to combat icing of the evaporator is the provision of electric heating elements attached to the evaporator or embedded within it.
- the heat pump may be stopped and the refrigerant pumped down to the receiver before the evaporator is heated. Failure to stop the device may lead to liquid refrigerant entering the compressor, which may damage or even destroy it.
- the heating elements defrost the coil until the ice is melted and the unit can be run again. The heating element may cycle on and off many times until the ambient temperature increases.
- a second method in use at present is a hot gas by-pass system.
- a solenoid valve opens, and hot gas is directly injected into the evaporator just after the expansion device. This method of evaporator de-icing may affect the system's operation dramatically and performance may drop accordingly.
- a further method currently in use is to reverse the heat pump so that the functions of the evaporator and condenser are reversed.
- a disadvantage of this method is that the heat transfer path is reversed, and the element which the heat pump is intended to heat is instead cooled for the duration of the de-icing cycle.
- a heat pump apparatus including an evaporator means, a control means in communication with at least one sensor means adapted to measure one or more variables representative of a temperature of an outer surface of said evaporator means, and a heat exchanger means operable to add heat from a working fluid from a high pressure side of said heat pump apparatus to said working fluid entering said evaporator, wherein said control means is operatively connected with said heat exchanger means to add said heat when said control means determines that said temperature of said outer surface of said evaporator means is below a pre-selected temperature, thereby reducing or substantially eliminating formation of ice on said outer surface of said evaporator.
- said heat exchanger means includes a helically corrugated tube positioned within an outer housing, said working fluid from said high pressure side being caused to flow through said tube to add heat to said working fluid caused to flow over said tube and between said tube and said outer housing.
- said at least one sensor means includes a temperature sensor adapted to measure the temperature of said outer surface of said evaporator.
- said at least one sensor means includes a temperature sensor adapted to measure the temperature of the working fluid exiting the evaporator.
- said at least one sensor means includes a temperature sensor adapted to measure the temperature of the environment surrounding the evaporator.
- said at least one sensor means includes a pressure sensor adapted to measure the pressure of the working fluid exiting the evaporator.
- said heat exchanger means includes an electric heating element.
- said heat exchanger means obtains heat from said working fluid between a compressor and a condenser of said heat pump apparatus to transfer said heat to said working fluid entering said evaporator means.
- said pre-selected temperature is between about 4°C and 0°C.
- a heat pump apparatus including an evaporator means, a control means in communication with at least one sensor means adapted to measure one or more variables representative of a temperature of an outer surface of said evaporator means, and a heat exchanger means including a heating element positioned upstream of said evaporator means and downstream of an expansion means of said heat pump, the heat exchanger means operable to add heat to a working fluid entering said evaporator, wherein said control means is operatively connected with said heat exchanger means so that when said control means determines that said temperature of said outer surface of said evaporator means is below a pre-selected temperature the heat exchanger means adds heat to said working fluid thereby reducing or substantially eliminating formation of ice on said outer surface of said evaporator and wherein said heat exchanger means includes a helically corrugated tube positioned within an outer housing and said working fluid being heated is caused to flow over said tube and between said tube and said outer housing.
- the helical tube includes said heating elements extending there through.
- the helical tube forms part of the heating element.
- said at least one sensor means may include a temperature sensor adapted to measure the temperature of said outer surface of said evaporator.
- said at least one sensor means may include a temperature sensor adapted to measure the temperature of the working fluid exiting the evaporator.
- said at least one sensor means may include a temperature sensor adapted to measure the temperature of the environment surrounding the evaporator.
- said at least one sensor means may include a pressure sensor adapted to measure the pressure of the working fluid exiting the evaporator.
- said heat exchanger means may transfer heat from the working fluid on the high pressure side of said heat pump apparatus to the working fluid entering said evaporator.
- said heat exchanger means may transfer heat from the working fluid between said compressor and said condenser to the working fluid entering said evaporator.
- said working fluid may be returned to between said condenser and said expansion device after it has passed through said heat exchanger.
- said pre-selected temperature may be between 4°C and 0°C.
- a method of operating a heat pump having an evaporator means downstream of an expansion means including adding heat as required from a working fluid from a high pressure side of said heat pump to said working fluid, from a low pressure side of said heat pump, prior to said working fluid entering said evaporator means, to reduce or substantially prevent ice from forming on an outer surface of said evaporator means.
- the method includes passing said working fluid through a heat exchanger and providing for the heat exchanger a helically corrugated tube over which the working fluid can flow as it is heated.
- the method includes measuring one or more variables representative of a temperature of an outer surface of said evaporator means and adding said heat to the working fluid entering said evaporator when said one or more variables indicate that said temperature has dropped below a pre-selected minimum.
- the method includes providing a controller to determine when icing of said evaporator means is imminent based on said measurements of said one or more variables.
- the method includes heating the working fluid entering said evaporator means with an electric heating element.
- the method includes heating the working fluid entering the evaporator means with heat from said working fluid between a compressor and a condenser of said heat pump.
- a heating apparatus for a fluid circuit includes a heat exchanger means operable to add heat to a fluid flowing in said circuit, at least one sensor means adapted to measure one or more variables representative of a temperature of said fluid, a control means in communication with said at least one sensor means and operatively connected with said heat exchanger means to add heat to said fluid when said control means determines that said temperature is below a pre-selected temperature.
- a heat pump and/or a method of operating a heat pump and/or a heating apparatus is substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
- FIGURE 1 Is a schematic diagram of a heat pump apparatus according to one possible embodiment of the present invention
- FIGURE 2A Is a very diagrammatic cross-sectional view through a heat exchanger and heating element according to one possible embodiment of the present invention, with the spacing between the corrugated conduit and the outer layer of the heating element exaggerated for clarity;
- FIGURE 2B Is a very diagrammatic cross-sectional view through a heat exchanger and heating element according to another possible embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGURE 3 Is a schematic diagram of a heat pump apparatus according to a further possible embodiment of the present invention, with two alternative flow paths for the refrigerant shown.;
- FIGURE 4 Shows very diagrammatically, and in part a cross section, a heat exchanger for possible use with the present invention
- FIGURE 5 Shows very diagrammatically, and in part a cross section, an alternative embodiment of a heat exchanger for use in the present invention
- FIGURE 6 Shows very diagrammatically, and in part a cross section, a further possible embodiment of a heat exchanger for use in the present invention
- FIGURE 7A Shows very diagrammatically, and in part cross section, a prior art heat exchanger for possible use with the present invention
- FIGURE 7B Shows very diagrammatically a cross sectional view of the heat exchanger of Figure 7A.
- a heat pump apparatus in accordance with one possible embodiment of the present invention is generally referenced 100.
- the heat pump 100 is illustrated with reference to its use as a heating circuit for heating water, but it is to be appreciated that the invention may also be used in applications where refrigeration or air conditioning are required.
- the heat pump includes a compressor 1 , condenser 2, an expansion means, for example an expansion valve 3, and an evaporator 4, in the same order and performing the same functions as those of the heat pumps of the prior art.
- a receiver and/or accumulator may also be present as required.
- the condenser 2 provides heat to a suitable medium, for example a domestic hot water supply 5, the water flow being indicated by the upper arrows shown entering and leaving the condenser 2.
- the heat pump 100 further includes a heat exchanger 6 shown located immediately downstream of the expansion valve 3 and upstream of the evaporator 4.
- a controller 8 for example a computer or microprocessor, but more preferably a
- PLC Programmable Logic Controller
- the temperature of the exterior surface of the evaporator 4 may be determined by direct measurement or may be calculated through measurements of other variables, for example through use of a lookup table.
- the variables measured may include one or more of the temperature of the ambient air around the evaporator 4, the temperature of the refrigerant leaving the evaporator 4, the surface temperature of the evaporator 4 or the pressure of the refrigerant leaving the evaporator 4, this pressure known as the "suction pressure" being well known as having a direct relationship to the icing of the evaporator of a heat pump.
- Other variables may also be monitored as will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
- Figure 1 shows a sensor 10 monitoring the temperature of the refrigerant leaving the evaporator 4 and communicating information related to the temperature to the controller 8.
- the controller 8 may activate the electric heating element 7, thereby heating the refrigerant entering the evaporator 4. This may be continued until the variables sensed by the controller 8 reach a threshold at which ice formation is no longer likely. At this point the controller 8 may switch the heating element 7 off. The controller 8 may continue to monitor the variables and may continue to switch the heating element 7 on and off as required. Heating the refrigerant in this way may avoid icing of the evaporator 4 without the need stop the heat pump 100.
- a typical electric element 7 includes a resistive element 12, a heat conducting but electrically resistive material 13 surrounding the resistive element 12, and an outer layer 14.
- a helically corrugated tube or conduit 15 may be provided over the outer layer 14 in sufficiently close contact to allow conduction of heat from the outer layer 14 to the conduit 15.
- the helically corrugated tube or conduit 15 may preferably be formed using the method described in the Applicant's PCT specification WO 94/07071 , in order to improve the exchange of heat between the element 7 and the refrigerant 16.
- a helically corrugated layer 15 may replace the outer layer 14.
- FIG. 200 a second possible embodiment of the heat pump is shown generally referenced by arrow 200, with similar reference numerals used for similar features.
- the heat pump 200 also includes a heat exchanger 6a and a controller 8.
- the controller 8 may sense the "suction pressure" in the compressor suction line 9 with a pressure sensor 11 , although other variables may additionally or alternatively be sensed as described above. When the pressure in the suction line 9 falls below a pre-selected minimum, the controller 8 may allow hot refrigerant from the high pressure side of the heat pump to flow through an intake pipe 17 to the heat exchanger 6a, thereby heating the refrigerant immediately upstream of the evaporator 4 and preventing ice from forming on the evaporator 4.
- the hot refrigerant may be taken from anywhere on the high pressure side of the cycle, but preferably from between the compressor 1 and condenser 2, where the refrigerant is at its highest temperature.
- the hot fluid is preferably returned via an outlet pipe 18 to the downstream side of the condenser 2 after passing through the heat exchanger 6a, although in some embodiments the fluid may be returned to substantially the same point in the cycle after passing through the heat exchanger 6a, as illustrated in outline by outlet pipe 18a.
- the controller 8 determines that icing is no longer imminent the flow of hot refrigerant to the heat exchanger 6a may be ceased to allow the apparatus 200 to perform at maximum efficiency.
- the controller 8 may be a simple mechanical valve which is activated by changes in the pressure of the compressor suction line 9.
- FIG. 4 shows very diagrammatically a heat exchanger for suitable use in the present invention and with corresponding reference numerals as those used in the previous drawings being also used.
- the heat exchanger 6 is shown having an outer housing or sleeve 20 provided with an inlet 21 and an outlet 22 for the flow in a direction indicated by arrows X of the refrigerant to be heated.
- a helically corrugated tube or conduit 15 defining a refrigerant flow passage 16 between the tube 15 and the outer housing or sleeve 6.
- An electric element 12 is shown extending through the helical tube 15 with electrical connections 17 and 18.
- surrounding the electric element 12 will be a core of magnesium oxide or the like.
- the helical tube 15 of Figure 4 and the subsequent Figures 5 and 6 may suitably be manufactured in accordance with the applicant's PCT specification WO 94/07071.
- a helically corrugated tube or conduit 15 is again provided within an outer housing or sleeve
- the helical tube 15 may, in this embodiment, form part of the electrical heating element and be part of the electrical circuit between terminals 18 and 17, so as to provide a direct heating of the refrigerant flowing over the helical corrugated surface.
- a working fluid will be caused to flow in a direction indicated by arrows B through the helical tube 15, the fluid being at an elevated temperature so as to provide a heat energy transfer through the helically corrugated tube 15 to the refrigerant flowing in the direction of arrows X-X.
- This embodiment of heat exchanger 6 will be of particular use in the embodiment of Figure 3.
- this type of heat exchanger is disclosed in WO 98/27395 and is again shown with an outer housing or sleeve 20 providing an inlet 21 and an outlet 22 for refrigerant flow in a direction of arrows X.
- a tube or conduit 23 with corrugations 24 which in this example are indicated as extending longitudinally along the axis of the heat exchanger 6.
- An electric heating element 12 is shown extending through the tube or conduit 23 as shown in Figure 7B.
- a barrier 25 extends the length of the heat exchanger 6 so that the refrigerant must traverse both circumferentially and longitudinally about the tube or conduit 23 between the inlet and outlet 21 and 22 to maximize heat transfer.
- the present invention may be more efficient than the heat pumps of the prior art when used in environments where icing of the evaporator may occur, for example those in which the ambient temperature drops below around 10°C.
- liquid petroleum gas (LPG) being removed from an LPG cylinder could be heated using a heat exchanger, such as shown in Figures 4, 5 or 6 for example.
- LPG liquid petroleum gas
- a heat exchanger such as shown in Figures 4, 5 or 6 for example.
- a compressed gas could be heated before it is released so as to avoid the unwanted cooling of the gas at its lowering of pressure.
- a fluid in a hydraulic circuit or engine could be heated when required to thin it and lower its viscosity which can be of benefit such as in the starting of diesel engines for example.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/595,294 US20070199335A1 (en) | 2003-10-06 | 2004-09-28 | Heating And Defrosting Methods And Apparatus |
AU2004277567A AU2004277567A1 (en) | 2003-10-06 | 2004-09-28 | Heating and defrosting methods and apparatus |
EP04775159A EP1690048A1 (en) | 2003-10-06 | 2004-09-28 | Heating and defrosting methods and apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NZ528678A NZ528678A (en) | 2003-10-06 | 2003-10-06 | Heat pump with refrigerant from high pressure side passed through heat exchanger to prevent ice formation on evaporator |
NZ528678 | 2003-10-06 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005033596A1 true WO2005033596A1 (en) | 2005-04-14 |
Family
ID=34420857
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/NZ2004/000234 WO2005033596A1 (en) | 2003-10-06 | 2004-09-28 | Heating and defrosting methods and apparatus |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20070199335A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1690048A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN100510582C (en) |
AU (1) | AU2004277567A1 (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ528678A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2005033596A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
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EP2085721A1 (en) * | 2008-02-04 | 2009-08-05 | Mobile Comfort Holding | Multi-energy thermodynamic device with simultaneous production of hot water, warm water, cold water and electricity |
FR2927161A1 (en) * | 2008-02-04 | 2009-08-07 | Mobile Comfort Holding Soc Par | Hot water, warm water i.e. domestic hot water, cold water and electricity producing system for e.g. hotel, has pump with heat exchanger located at back of compressor when system is in cooling mode and is used for heating hot water circuit |
CN101929761A (en) * | 2010-09-09 | 2010-12-29 | 李洲 | Integrated heat exchange system |
CZ307232B6 (en) * | 2008-11-27 | 2018-04-18 | Pzp Heating A.S. | A method of controlling defrosting of evaporators of air-to-water heat pumps with a helical compressor and a device for implementing this method |
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US20090044557A1 (en) * | 2007-08-15 | 2009-02-19 | Johnson Controls Technology Company | Vapor compression system |
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KR101175451B1 (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2012-08-20 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Hot water supply device associated with heat pump |
US20120111038A1 (en) | 2010-11-04 | 2012-05-10 | International Business Machines Corporation | Vapor-compression refrigeration apparatus with backup air-cooled heat sink and auxiliary refrigerant heater |
US8783052B2 (en) | 2010-11-04 | 2014-07-22 | International Business Machines Corporation | Coolant-buffered, vapor-compression refrigeration with thermal storage and compressor cycling |
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FR2987104B1 (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2018-05-25 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | AIR CONDITIONING LOOP OPERATING IN HEAT PUMP WITH IMPULSE DEFROSTING. |
CN102607213A (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2012-07-25 | 南京都乐制冷设备有限公司 | Oil gas recovery evaporator and condensation type oil gas recovery device |
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- 2004-09-28 AU AU2004277567A patent/AU2004277567A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-09-28 WO PCT/NZ2004/000234 patent/WO2005033596A1/en active Application Filing
- 2004-09-28 EP EP04775159A patent/EP1690048A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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EP2085721A1 (en) * | 2008-02-04 | 2009-08-05 | Mobile Comfort Holding | Multi-energy thermodynamic device with simultaneous production of hot water, warm water, cold water and electricity |
FR2927161A1 (en) * | 2008-02-04 | 2009-08-07 | Mobile Comfort Holding Soc Par | Hot water, warm water i.e. domestic hot water, cold water and electricity producing system for e.g. hotel, has pump with heat exchanger located at back of compressor when system is in cooling mode and is used for heating hot water circuit |
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CZ307232B6 (en) * | 2008-11-27 | 2018-04-18 | Pzp Heating A.S. | A method of controlling defrosting of evaporators of air-to-water heat pumps with a helical compressor and a device for implementing this method |
CN101929761A (en) * | 2010-09-09 | 2010-12-29 | 李洲 | Integrated heat exchange system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN100510582C (en) | 2009-07-08 |
NZ528678A (en) | 2006-11-30 |
US20070199335A1 (en) | 2007-08-30 |
CN1864039A (en) | 2006-11-15 |
AU2004277567A1 (en) | 2005-04-14 |
EP1690048A1 (en) | 2006-08-16 |
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