Cleaning agent for carpets and similar fabrics
This invention refers to cleaning agent for carpets and similar fabrics like floorings or upholstery.
Mite removal form carpet surfaces is important prophylactic action, reducing amount of mite dust in apartment, and also is substantial for health of living there tenant. This is especially important for "long hair* carpets and similar fabrics, which are the main source for the house-dust population.
There is quiet a lot of carpet and similar fabrics cleaning agents, some of them contain benzyl benzoate as a substantial constituent.
House-dust mite are present in every place with carpets or similar floorings. For example house-dust mite from family Pyroglyp idae (Acari: Acaridida) is the main factor causing house-dust allergy, present as bronchia! asthma, atopic rhinitis or atopic eczema.
House-dust is the main common allergic inhalant. It is estimated that about 100 million people in the world suffers from house-dust mite allergy.
Listed above family Pyroglyphidae counts now 48 species from 19 genus, from which 14 genus have been detected at present in house-dust.
For example, there are listed 6 genus as originating from Poland, including 4 genus present in the house-dust. These are mite: Dermatophagoides faπnae,
Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, EurogSyphus maynei and Gymnogiyphus longior.
The most populated genus in Poland is mite: Dermatophagoides farinae. In the early research majority of patients allergic to the house-dust, tested with point skin trials, showed simultaneous reaction for extracts from Dermatophagoides faπnae and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus cultures, two the most common in the world
genus from the house-dust mite family Pyroglyphidae. This seasonal variations of house- dust allergenic effects and yearly frequency fluctuations of house-dust allergy correspond usually to the seasonal dynamic of dust mite population in the living apartments. The local points with the highest mite concentration are sleeping places, upholstery furniture and carpets.
Trying to answer the question what is causing allergen to be an allergenic. there are very important results from the house-dust allergen research, mostly with the allergen exhibiting proteolytic activity. One of the answers is found increased permeability of epithelium mucous membrane.
Lately there is observed increasing number of methods for allergen characterization and evaluation, including mite allergen. Majority of these methods are routine methods used for peptide research like protein content, molecular mass and izoelectric point determination In the research with allergen isolation and characterization, and also for diagnose purposes and specific immunotherapy, there are used culture support extracts or extracts from purified bodies of specific genus
Extracts from the culture supports contain huge amounts of mite excrements (spheres with 20 μm diameter), what is the main source of group I mite allergen, and also other allergens being mite digestive enzymes. Droplets of mite excrements in the form of mucus covered spheres adhere to the rough surfaces like carpet, floorings or fabric fibers. Therefore places with mite concentrations are carpets, furniture upholstery, floorings and so on. Group II allergens, which are also important in allergy caused by the house-dust mite, there are concentrated mostly in the extracts from purified bodies of arachnids. Mostly the dust mite research of family Pyroglyphidae is devoted to the genus Dermatophagoides farinae, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides microceras and Eumglyphus maynei and lately also Gymnogiyphus longior. >From the last allergen research the Euroglyphus maynei mite is the source of 47 different allergens, from which vast majority posses unique allergenic epitopes, characteristic only for this one mite house-dust genus. The highest mite allergen concentration is usually observed in
these apartment places, which are the most frequently mite populated, like beds and other sleeping places, bed-clothes, carpets and furniture upholstery. Because of the listed above reasons, mite removal from carpet surfaces is an important prophylactic activity, limiting the mite population in apartment, and simultaneously crucial for the health of living there person. Special attention should be paid to the ong hair" carpets or floorings, which are one of the main sources of house-dust mite population presence in apartment.
There are used different agents for the mite removal from carpets and other similar surfaces. For instance it can be listed agent with commercial name ACAROSAN from the German company ALLERGOPHARMA. This agent is present at the market in the form of powder, foam or spray and is dedicated to prevent allergy to the house-dust mite, Listed above ACAROSAN contains as active ingredient benzyl benzoate in the solid form.
Presence of the benzyl benzoate as an active ingredient in this well-known product although eliminates mite from the carpet surfaces, but it remains in the highly dispersed form. In practice it eliminates possibility to remove mite and their excrements from the listed above surfaces with the help of vacuum-cleaners, because they are freely flowing through the dust bag openings and they are again dispersed in the apartment. To prevent this unwanted effect vacuum-cleaners are equipped with additional filters, for example water filters, but it requires enlarged vacuum-cleaner construction and it makes vacuum-cleaner more expensive. The main topic of this invention is to find an agent causing both allergen elimination and coagulation (sintering) dust particles with the diameter of few micrometers (including mite excrements, pollen dust, small microparticles) into few hundred times bigger particles, what is next lowering their volatility, permeability through vacuum-cleaner dust bag openings, these particles are easier to remove using standard vacuum-cleaners without optional filters or other equipment and therefore these particles are easier to separate from the surroundings, where they presence was the main allergy reason.
This topic is completed within scope of this invention. Agent according to the present invention is based on benzyl benzoate, anionic surface active ingredients, with possible additives like aicohois, fragrance compositions or corrosion inhibitors,
characterizes with the presence of poly(methyl methacrylate) water dispersion in the amount of 2-20% by weight.
Agent according to the present invention is in the liquid form, although it is possible to be in the powder form by the for example deposition on the solid support. Poly(methyl methacrylate) present in the agent composition according to the present invention binds dust particles, excrements of surface active agents and allergenic factors causing possibility for their easier removal during vacuum- cleaning - without implementation of additional filters.
This cleaning agent is very effective also in the case when coagulated particles are not removed from the cleaned surface - these particles are big enough to prevent their free flying in the air, what eliminates their allergenic activity. Additionally listed in the composition additives acting as surface active agents ensure clean and nappy carpet for a long period of time.
Agent according to this invention complies with all conditions required by prophylaxis against house-dust mite allergy. As it was listed above, the mite preventive agent formula constituent is well known benzyl benzoate. Research performed on toxicity of benzyl benzoate and other agent constituents confirmed, that application of them in minor quantities, as it takes place according to the present invention, is not related with any health risk.
Clinic research performed with agent according to the present invention confirmed, that due to the presence of benzyl benzoate the population of mite allergenic culture Dermatophagoides farinae and mite allergenic Dermatophagoides farinae living on the carpet surface, showed high mortality rate when concentration of benzyl benzoate was within the range of 0.01 - 3%.
Research results showed, that agent according to the present invention kills culture present mite within 5 hours, while in the case of mite living on the carpet surface, unexpectedly for all studied benzyl benzoate concentrations (0.01 - 0.03%) within 5 hours and in the concentration 0.05 - 3 % within 1 hour. Simultaneously there proceeds coagulation of mite and excrements particles, so there are completed all assumptions of this invention. Listed above agent shows also good water solubility and good biodegradability.
Activity of this agent shows long lasting effect, exceeding 6 months. For prophylactic reasons it is recommended to reuse this agent and this is not leading to health risk of people present in these surroundings.
Activity results of agent according to the present invention are illustrated in the following examples and figures. Figure 1 shows carpet surface after treatment with agent without poly(mβthyl methacrylate), while Figure 2 shows the same surface after treatment with agent according to the present invention.
Activity research studies were performed for the agent prepared according to the following four example formulations. Constituents concentrations are presented in weight procents.
Example 1
0.03% benzyl benzoate
1.20% anionic surface active agents
0.60% poIy(methyl methacrylate) water dispersion
0.15% alcohols
0.006% fragrancies ad 100% demineralised water
Agent prepared according to the listed above formula is dedicated for big area carpets and floorings.
Example 2
0.10% benzyl benzoate
4.00% anionic surface active agents
2.00% poly(methyl methacrylate) water dispersion
0.50% alcohols
0.02% fragrancies ad 100% demineralised water
Agent prepared according to the listed above formula is dedicated for big area furniture upholstery.
Example 3
0.30% benzyl benzoate 12.00% anionic surface active agents 6.00% poly(methyl methacrylate) water dispersion 1.50% alcohols 0.06% fragrancies ad 100% demineralised water
Agent prepared according to the listed above formula is dedicated for carpet and mattress surfaces.
Example 4
1.00% benzyl benzoate
20.00% anionic surface active agents
8.00% acrylic copolymer
2.00% alcohols
0.08% fragrancies ad 100% demineralised water
Agent prepared according to the listed above formula is dedicated for surfaces of couches, furniture upholstery mattresses, floorings and carpets in the case of frequent contact with domestic animals.
Cleaning agent was tested during routine application on the carpet surface - according to the testing method of Schober et al. 1992, Control of house-dust mites
(Pyroglyphidae) with home disinfectants, Exp. Appi. Acarol., 3(3), 179-189 [Lab.
Ectoparasitol. Domestic Hyg., State University, Utrecht, Holland].
Mite culture preparation according to the Arlian et al. 1998, Survival, fecundity, and development of Dermatophagoides farinae (Acari: Pyroglyphidae) at fluctuating relative humidity. J. Med. Entomol., 35, 962-966 [Dept. of Biological Sciences,
Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio, USA]. Efficacy characteristic for agents containing benzyl benzoate was research confirmed and was not diminished by the new constituent introduction according to this invention.
Agent according to this invention is produced in accordance with known manufacturing methods typical for cleaning agents, which are based on mixing of
Agent according to this invention is used after 1:6 dilution. Vacuum-cleaned or beaten carpet is mop or sponge coated with preliminary prepared lotion or foam- Next after complete drying carpet is cleaned with vacuum-cleaner equipped with dust-bag with standard openings. Therefore complete cleaned surfaces are obtained, while removed dust, mite and mite excrements are completely remained in vacuum-cleaner dust-bag. Anti allergenic properties of this agent are also preserved without agent cleaned surface vacuum-cleaning, due to the coagulation of allergy causing particles and preventing them from air flowing and being inhaled by the tenants. Activity of the agent according to this invention related to the allergen mortality are illustrated in listed below Tables 1, 1a-4, 4a.
Table I Results of testing of agent containing solution 0,03% of ethyl benzoate against D farinae
Table la Results of testing of agent containing solution 0.03% of ethyl benzoate against D farinae on carpet surface
Table 2 Results of testing of agent containing solution 0,1% of ethyl benzoate against D farinae
Table 2a Results of testing of agent containing solution 0, 1% of ethyl benzoate against D farinae on carpet surface
Table 3 Results of testing of agent containing solution 0,3% of ethyl benzoate against D farinae
Table 3a Results of testing of agent containing solution 0,3% of ethyl benzoate against D farinae on carpet surface
Table 4 Results of testing of agent containing solution 1,0% of ethyl benzoate against D farinae
Table 4a Results of testing of agent containing solution 1,0% of ethyl benzoate against D farinae on carpet suurface
The drawing present the cleaning comparing test by agent according to the invention 1 : 3. Fig 1 present the carpet before cleaning and fig 2 present the surface of same carpet after cleaning..