WO2005021892A1 - A shuttering element - Google Patents

A shuttering element Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005021892A1
WO2005021892A1 PCT/IB2004/002793 IB2004002793W WO2005021892A1 WO 2005021892 A1 WO2005021892 A1 WO 2005021892A1 IB 2004002793 W IB2004002793 W IB 2004002793W WO 2005021892 A1 WO2005021892 A1 WO 2005021892A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shuttering element
skirt
panel
shuttering
adjacent
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2004/002793
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Mark Charles Gardner Lindner
Original Assignee
Mark Charles Gardner Lindner
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mark Charles Gardner Lindner filed Critical Mark Charles Gardner Lindner
Publication of WO2005021892A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005021892A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
    • E04G9/02—Forming boards or similar elements
    • E04G9/05—Forming boards or similar elements the form surface being of plastics
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/10—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
    • E04G11/08—Forms, which are completely dismantled after setting of the concrete and re-built for next pouring
    • E04G11/10—Forms, which are completely dismantled after setting of the concrete and re-built for next pouring of elements without beams which are mounted during erection of the shuttering to brace or couple the elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
    • E04G17/02—Connecting or fastening means for non-metallic forming or stiffening elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
    • E04G17/04—Connecting or fastening means for metallic forming or stiffening elements, e.g. for connecting metallic elements to non-metallic elements
    • E04G17/042—Connecting or fastening means for metallic forming or stiffening elements, e.g. for connecting metallic elements to non-metallic elements being tensioned by threaded elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0138—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels perpendicular to the main plane
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
    • E04G9/02—Forming boards or similar elements
    • E04G2009/028—Forming boards or similar elements with reinforcing ribs on the underside

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a shuttering element, more particularly, but not exclusively, to a shuttering element for use in the construction industry.
  • Shuttering is widely used in the construction of buildings to shape wet concrete and typically is formed by a plurality of steel or plastics panels secured end to end. These panels are usually rectangular with a flange extending around the periphery which enables panels to be secured side-by-side.
  • a shuttering element comprising a rectangular panel with a skirt extending therefrom at least partway around the periphery thereof, with the skirt along each of an adjacent pair of sides of the panel having a channel section complementary to a lip on the skirt opposite thereto.
  • edge of the panel to be recessed along each of a pair of adjacent sides, preferably the sides adjacent the channel sections; for a tongue to extend from the edges of the panel opposite each recess; for the skirt to extend the length of each side of the panel; for each channel section to extend at least partway along the length of its corresponding side; for each channel section to extend integrally from the skirt; for each lip to extend integrally from the skirt; and for there to be a number of oppositely aligned apertures extending through the skirt.
  • Still further features of the invention provide for at least parts of the channel section to extend towards the panel and for the extended channel sections to be engageable with the skirt of an oppositely disposed shuttering element.
  • shuttering element to be moulded from a plastics material; and for strengthening elements to extend across the panel within the skirt.
  • the invention also provides a shuttering element moulded from a plastics material and characterised in that it has interlocking formations which are operatively securable to complementary formations on adjacent elements.
  • Figure 1 is a top perspective view of a first embodiment of a shuttering element
  • Figure 2 is a bottom perspective view of the shuttering element in Figure 1
  • Figure 3 is a sectional side elevation of the shuttering element in Figure 1
  • Figure 4 is a sectional side elevation of a part of a pair of shuttering element is secured side to side
  • Figure 5 is a bottom perspective view of a second embodiment of a shuttering element
  • Figure 6 is a bottom perspective view of a third embodiment of a shuttering element;
  • Figure 7 is a top perspective view showing locking formations for the securing abutting skirts of contiguous panels together;
  • Figure 8 is a detail of the locked formations;
  • Figure 9 is a bottom perspective of two panels secured together.
  • a shuttering element (1) moulded from a plastics material is shown in Figures 1 to 3 and includes a rectangular, in this embodiment square, panel (2) with a skirt (4) extending normally therefrom about its periphery.
  • the skirt (4) thus forms four corners (5).
  • the skirt along a pair of adjacent sides (6,7) has a channel section (8,9) extending integrally therefrom opposite the skirt (4).
  • the channel sections (8,9) are outwardly directed and extend from the skirt (4) from near the corners (5).
  • a co-planar lip (12,13) extends integrally from the skirt opposite each channel section (8,9).
  • the lips (12,13) extend along the skirt (4) from near the corners (5a, 5b) adjacent the channel sections (8,9) to the opposite corner (5c) where they are joined.
  • edges of the panel (2) adjacent the sides (6,7) have recesses (15) therein while a complementarily shaped tongue (17) extends from the edges of the opposite sides (19, 20).
  • a series of oppositely aligned apertures (25) are formed in the skirt (4), evenly spaced between the corners (5).
  • Strengthening elements (30) extend across the panel (2) within the skirt (4). These have the form of intersecting flanges extending normally from the skirt (4) in a manner well-known to those skilled in the manufacture of plastics goods.
  • a plurality of shuttering elements are arranged side-by-side with each lip nested within an adjacent channel section and a tongue (17) seated in a recess (15), as shown in Figure 4.
  • the apertures (25) along each side of adjacent skirts are aligned and can receive a fastener (40), in this embodiment a bolt, therethrough.
  • the shuttering element is moulded from a durable plastics material, preferably polypropylene or high density polyethylene (HDPE), it is highly resistant to deformation and can be cheaply manufactured. It has been found that the shuttering elements are able to be used up to approximately 100 times without any maintenance, unlike the steel units which are maintained on a regular basis. Also, as concrete does not stick to the panels they can be easily cleaned and leave a smooth finish to cast concrete structures.
  • a durable plastics material preferably polypropylene or high density polyethylene (HDPE)
  • HDPE high density polyethylene
  • shuttering element 60, 70
  • the shuttering element could have adjacent sides of unequal length.
  • the skirt, channel sections and lips to be interrupted in their length and a tongue and recess need not be provided in the panel.
  • the panels can be glued together using PVC solvent where the panels are made from HDPE. This is useful where the panels are used to construct a large number of identical buildings, such as in low cost housing developments. Whole sections of formwork can then simply be moved from site to site as required, further simplifying the construction process.
  • any suitable interlocking formation can be used on the shuttering elements enabling them to be secured end to end.
  • These formations include dove tail, T tail and key-hole formations.
  • Figures 7 to 9 show an alternative embodiment of the invention.
  • the channel sections (8, 9) of the shutter element (80) extend towards the panel (2) in sections (81 , 82).
  • the extended sections (81, 82) are configured to capture the skirt (83) of an adjacent element (84).
  • the skirt of the element (80) is provided with two L-shaped slots (85, 86) in each of its four sides.
  • the slots on a channelled side of an element align with slots on a lipped side of another member allowing two adjacent elements to be secured to each other with a key (87).
  • the key-slot assembly provides additional strengthening of the connections between two adjacent elements.
  • the key-slots also pass through the extended sections 81, 82 of the channel sections.
  • the keys (87) for locking contiguous panels together consist of brackets (100) on the ends of a rigid bar (101).
  • the brackets carry rods (not shown) which engage the L-shaped slots and clamp abutting skirts together.
  • the bar (101) also carries a manipulating handle (102) projecting on the opposite to the brackets (100).
  • FIG. 9 Also illustrated in Fig. 9 are hollow cylindrical components (103) which form part of the strengthening elements (30).
  • the components (103) may accommodate expandable plugs (104) with handles (105). These plugs and handles facilitate the manipulation of the panels.
  • the shuttering panels are versatile and simple to erect and dismantle which also reduces damage and general wear and tear during use.

Abstract

A shuttering element moulded from a plastics material is provided which includes a rectangular panel with a skirt extending therefrom at least partway around the periphery thereof. The skirt along each of an adjacent pair of sides of the panel has a channel section complementary to a lip on the skirt opposite thereto.

Description

A SHUTTERING ELEMENT
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a shuttering element, more particularly, but not exclusively, to a shuttering element for use in the construction industry.
BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION
Shuttering is widely used in the construction of buildings to shape wet concrete and typically is formed by a plurality of steel or plastics panels secured end to end. These panels are usually rectangular with a flange extending around the periphery which enables panels to be secured side-by-side.
Although effective, such panels, particularly steel panels, are fairly expensive to manufacture and are frequently damaged by rough handling. Such damage includes deformation of the peripheral flange which often results in the panels becoming unusable. Also, it is common for wet cement to leak from between adjacent flanges.
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION It is an object of this invention to provide a shuttering element which will at least partially alleviate some of the abovementioned problems. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with this invention there is provided a shuttering element comprising a rectangular panel with a skirt extending therefrom at least partway around the periphery thereof, with the skirt along each of an adjacent pair of sides of the panel having a channel section complementary to a lip on the skirt opposite thereto.
Further features of the invention provide for the edge of the panel to be recessed along each of a pair of adjacent sides, preferably the sides adjacent the channel sections; for a tongue to extend from the edges of the panel opposite each recess; for the skirt to extend the length of each side of the panel; for each channel section to extend at least partway along the length of its corresponding side; for each channel section to extend integrally from the skirt; for each lip to extend integrally from the skirt; and for there to be a number of oppositely aligned apertures extending through the skirt.
Still further features of the invention provide for at least parts of the channel section to extend towards the panel and for the extended channel sections to be engageable with the skirt of an oppositely disposed shuttering element.
Yet further features of the invention provide for the shuttering element to be moulded from a plastics material; and for strengthening elements to extend across the panel within the skirt.
The invention also provides a shuttering element moulded from a plastics material and characterised in that it has interlocking formations which are operatively securable to complementary formations on adjacent elements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will be described, by way of example only, with reference to the drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a top perspective view of a first embodiment of a shuttering element; Figure 2 is a bottom perspective view of the shuttering element in Figure 1 ; Figure 3 is a sectional side elevation of the shuttering element in Figure 1 ; Figure 4 is a sectional side elevation of a part of a pair of shuttering element is secured side to side; Figure 5 is a bottom perspective view of a second embodiment of a shuttering element; and Figure 6 is a bottom perspective view of a third embodiment of a shuttering element;
Figure 7 is a top perspective view showing locking formations for the securing abutting skirts of contiguous panels together; Figure 8 is a detail of the locked formations; and Figure 9 is a bottom perspective of two panels secured together.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
A shuttering element (1) moulded from a plastics material is shown in Figures 1 to 3 and includes a rectangular, in this embodiment square, panel (2) with a skirt (4) extending normally therefrom about its periphery. The skirt (4) thus forms four corners (5).
The skirt along a pair of adjacent sides (6,7) has a channel section (8,9) extending integrally therefrom opposite the skirt (4). The channel sections (8,9) are outwardly directed and extend from the skirt (4) from near the corners (5). A co-planar lip (12,13) extends integrally from the skirt opposite each channel section (8,9). The lips (12,13) extend along the skirt (4) from near the corners (5a, 5b) adjacent the channel sections (8,9) to the opposite corner (5c) where they are joined.
The edges of the panel (2) adjacent the sides (6,7) have recesses (15) therein while a complementarily shaped tongue (17) extends from the edges of the opposite sides (19, 20).
A series of oppositely aligned apertures (25) are formed in the skirt (4), evenly spaced between the corners (5).
Strengthening elements (30) extend across the panel (2) within the skirt (4). These have the form of intersecting flanges extending normally from the skirt (4) in a manner well-known to those skilled in the manufacture of plastics goods.
In use, a plurality of shuttering elements are arranged side-by-side with each lip nested within an adjacent channel section and a tongue (17) seated in a recess (15), as shown in Figure 4. In this condition the apertures (25) along each side of adjacent skirts are aligned and can receive a fastener (40), in this embodiment a bolt, therethrough. This permits easy assembly of a formwork while the configuration of the tongue and recess and lip and channel section substantially eliminate the possibility of leakage between adjacent skirts.
Furthermore, as the shuttering element is moulded from a durable plastics material, preferably polypropylene or high density polyethylene (HDPE), it is highly resistant to deformation and can be cheaply manufactured. It has been found that the shuttering elements are able to be used up to approximately 100 times without any maintenance, unlike the steel units which are maintained on a regular basis. Also, as concrete does not stick to the panels they can be easily cleaned and leave a smooth finish to cast concrete structures.
It will be appreciated, however, that many other embodiments of a shuttering element exist which fall within the scope of the invention, particularly as regards the configuration thereof. For example, as shown in Figures 5 and 6 the shuttering element (60, 70) could have adjacent sides of unequal length. Also, the skirt, channel sections and lips to be interrupted in their length and a tongue and recess need not be provided in the panel.
Also, it is not necessary to use bolts to secure the shuttering elements together and any suitable fastener can be used. The configuration of the shuttering elements makes it possible to reduce the number of fasteners needed or to completely avoid the use of fasteners in certain circumstances. It has been found that the panels can be glued together using PVC solvent where the panels are made from HDPE. This is useful where the panels are used to construct a large number of identical buildings, such as in low cost housing developments. Whole sections of formwork can then simply be moved from site to site as required, further simplifying the construction process.
Importantly, any suitable interlocking formation can be used on the shuttering elements enabling them to be secured end to end. These formations include dove tail, T tail and key-hole formations.
Figures 7 to 9 show an alternative embodiment of the invention. In particular, the channel sections (8, 9) of the shutter element (80) extend towards the panel (2) in sections (81 , 82). The extended sections (81, 82) are configured to capture the skirt (83) of an adjacent element (84). In addition, the skirt of the element (80) is provided with two L-shaped slots (85, 86) in each of its four sides. The slots on a channelled side of an element align with slots on a lipped side of another member allowing two adjacent elements to be secured to each other with a key (87). The key-slot assembly provides additional strengthening of the connections between two adjacent elements.
It is to be noted that the key-slots also pass through the extended sections 81, 82 of the channel sections. The keys (87) for locking contiguous panels together consist of brackets (100) on the ends of a rigid bar (101). The brackets carry rods (not shown) which engage the L-shaped slots and clamp abutting skirts together. The bar (101) also carries a manipulating handle (102) projecting on the opposite to the brackets (100).
Also illustrated in Fig. 9 are hollow cylindrical components (103) which form part of the strengthening elements (30). The components (103) may accommodate expandable plugs (104) with handles (105). These plugs and handles facilitate the manipulation of the panels.
From the above it will be appreciated that the shuttering panels are versatile and simple to erect and dismantle which also reduces damage and general wear and tear during use.

Claims

1. A shuttering element (1) comprising a rectangular panel (2) with a skirt (4) extending therefrom at least partway around the periphery thereof, characterised in that the skirt (4) along each of an adjacent pair of sides (6, 7) of the panel (2) has a channel section (8, 9) complementary to a lip (12, 13) on the skirt (4) opposite thereto.
2. A shuttering element as claimed in claim 1 characterised in that the edge of the panel (2) is recessed along each of a pair of adjacent sides.
3. A shuttering element as claimed in claim 2 characterised in that the sides having the recessed edges are adjacent the channel sections (8, 9).
4. A shuttering element as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3 characterised in that a tongue extends from the edges of the panel (2) opposite the recessed edges.
5. A shuttering element as claimed in any one of the preceding claims characterised in that the skirt (4) extends along the length of each side of the panel (2).
6. A shuttering element as claimed in any one of the preceding claims characterised in that each channel section (8, 9) extends partway along the length of its corresponding side.
7. A shuttering element as claimed in any one of the preceding claims characterised in that each channel section (8, 9) extends integrally from the skirt (4).
8. A shuttering element as claimed in any one of the preceding claims characterised in that each lip (12, 13) extends integrally from the skirt (4).
9. A shuttering element as claimed in any one of the preceding claims characterised in that a number of oppositely aligned apertures (25) extend through the skirt (4).
10. A shuttering element as claimed in any one of the preceding claims characterised in that at least part of the channel section (8, 9) extends towards the panel (2).
11. A shuttering element as claimed in claim 10 characterised in that the extended section (81 , 82) is engageable with the skirt (4) of an oppositely disposed shuttering element.
12. A shuttering element as claimed in any one of the preceding claims characterised it is moulded from a plastics material.
13. A shuttering element as claimed in claim 1 characterised in that strengthening elements extend across the panel (2) within the skirt (4).
14. A shuttering element moulded from a plastics material as claimed in claim 1 and characterised in that it has key operated interlocking formations (4) (81) which are operatively securable to complementary formations on adjacent elements.
15. A shuttering element substantially as described with reference to Figs 1 to 5 or Fig. 9 of the drawings.
PCT/IB2004/002793 2003-08-28 2004-08-30 A shuttering element WO2005021892A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA2003/6715 2003-08-28
ZA200306715A ZA200306715B (en) 2003-08-28 2003-08-28 A shuttering element.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005021892A1 true WO2005021892A1 (en) 2005-03-10

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2004/002793 WO2005021892A1 (en) 2003-08-28 2004-08-30 A shuttering element

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WO (1) WO2005021892A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA200306715B (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007015860A1 (en) * 2005-07-27 2007-02-08 Mannington Mills, Inc. Connecting system for surface coverings
WO2007024201A1 (en) * 2005-08-25 2007-03-01 Leonard Ho A panel mould for casting concrete
WO2011057624A1 (en) * 2009-11-13 2011-05-19 Peri Gmbh Formwork element
US20120119061A1 (en) * 2009-06-11 2012-05-17 Aluma Systems, Inc. Concrete Forming Panel
US8806832B2 (en) 2011-03-18 2014-08-19 Inotec Global Limited Vertical joint system and associated surface covering system
WO2018018063A1 (en) 2016-07-27 2018-02-01 Form 700 Pty Ltd Improved formwork assembly

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2801454A (en) * 1951-05-21 1957-08-06 Troiel Companies Inc Form wall panel
US4077598A (en) * 1975-10-07 1978-03-07 Jorge Marseillan Means for molding a roof or floor slab
EP0399114A1 (en) * 1989-05-26 1990-11-28 Hendrik Petrus Botes Shuttering for use in building construction
US5078360A (en) * 1989-12-22 1992-01-07 Speral Aluminium Inc. Prefabricated assembly for poured concrete forming structures

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2801454A (en) * 1951-05-21 1957-08-06 Troiel Companies Inc Form wall panel
US4077598A (en) * 1975-10-07 1978-03-07 Jorge Marseillan Means for molding a roof or floor slab
EP0399114A1 (en) * 1989-05-26 1990-11-28 Hendrik Petrus Botes Shuttering for use in building construction
US5078360A (en) * 1989-12-22 1992-01-07 Speral Aluminium Inc. Prefabricated assembly for poured concrete forming structures

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7849655B2 (en) 2005-07-27 2010-12-14 Mannington Mills, Inc. Connecting system for surface coverings
WO2007015860A1 (en) * 2005-07-27 2007-02-08 Mannington Mills, Inc. Connecting system for surface coverings
WO2007024201A1 (en) * 2005-08-25 2007-03-01 Leonard Ho A panel mould for casting concrete
US8651449B2 (en) * 2009-06-11 2014-02-18 Brand Services, Llc Concrete forming panel
US20120119061A1 (en) * 2009-06-11 2012-05-17 Aluma Systems, Inc. Concrete Forming Panel
WO2011057624A1 (en) * 2009-11-13 2011-05-19 Peri Gmbh Formwork element
CN102597388A (en) * 2009-11-13 2012-07-18 Peri有限公司 Formwork element
CN104295085A (en) * 2009-11-13 2015-01-21 Peri有限公司 Method for manufacturing a formwork element
CN104295085B (en) * 2009-11-13 2017-05-03 Peri有限公司 Method for manufacturing a formwork element
US8806832B2 (en) 2011-03-18 2014-08-19 Inotec Global Limited Vertical joint system and associated surface covering system
US9103126B2 (en) 2011-03-18 2015-08-11 Inotec Global Limited Vertical joint system and associated surface covering system
US10000935B2 (en) 2011-03-18 2018-06-19 Inotec Global Limited Vertical joint system and associated surface covering system
WO2018018063A1 (en) 2016-07-27 2018-02-01 Form 700 Pty Ltd Improved formwork assembly
EP3491206A1 (en) * 2016-07-27 2019-06-05 Form 700 Pty Ltd Improved formwork assembly
EP3491206A4 (en) * 2016-07-27 2020-01-22 Form 700 Pty Ltd Improved formwork assembly

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