US1632846A - Sectional form - Google Patents

Description

June 21 1927. 1,632,846

A. J. PENOTE SECTIONAL FORM Filed Nov. 7. 1924 E l: A r 5;; ww ATTORA t') Patented June 21, 1927.

AIl'GUSTUS a. rnno'ra, or CLEVELAND, 01:10.

SECTIONAL FORM.

Application filed November 7, 1924. Serial No. 748,377.

This invention relates to forms used in construction work, especially in man-hole construction of concrete or other suitable cement material which is to bemolded about the form, ordinarily external of the latter.

These forms are usually rectangular and used to make man-holes of that outline, and my present invention is a further improvement on my' prior Patent No. 1,316,4 62, issued to me Sept. 16, 1919. It is also like that structure in that this form is to be built in sections so that the latter ma' be readily withdrawn from the interior 0 the 1nan-hole after the latter has been formed and even after the cement has set. All advantages claimed for my earlier construction as disclosed in said patent are gamed in the present improved structure now to be described.

My patented form sections contemplated the use of wood for structural material, but this has proven to have certain inherent disadvantages, such as the gradual decay when used in damp locations, and Warping of the parts, as well as gradual enlargement of apertures in use and a far larger space required for storage. I have found that thin sheet metal is much more satisfactory for general use, but that a modified structure for the sections used is desirablearrangement of which was not contemplated when the said patent was issued. By my new and improved forms I have been able to dispense with the oblique-angled members before employed, and yet the readiness of assembling and manufacturing has been even accentuated.

lVith these and other objects in view which willbe explained hereinafter, my invention consists in the described structure set forth in the appended claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a perspective view with a corner broken away, of a man-hole form of three coursesembodying my invention;

Figure 2 is a top plan view of one end of the form;

Figure 3 is a horizontal section of one corner of the form, the remainder of one end of the form being shown in plan;

Figure 4 is a detail view of a horizontal joint between courses including vertical joints between certain plates of the same courses, and

Figure 5 is a vertical section taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 3.

My new and improved form may be built orconstructed in a plurality of courses of uniform size and character designed to be superposed when assembled for operation, and the form here illustrated is represented as comprising three such courses designated by letters A, B and C, respectively. Each of these courses is made up of rectangular plates four in number designated by nurreral 10, and each comprising a thin metal plate having flanges on each of its four sides all inclined at right angles to the main plate. Ordinarily the side flanges 11 are integral with the plate and bent up from the same, and designed to be positioned at the upper and lower ed es of the plate in a vertical man-hole. The end flanges are however separate pieces formed as Us or angle bars 12 either riveted or spot-welded to the edge of the main plate, as shown clearly in Fig. 3. These bars are also rather thin, ordinarily about inch in thickness, as are also the main plates themselves. These plates 10 are used for the central side plates of the courses as Well as the end plates, but not for the corner plates, as will be further explained hereinafter.

The corner sections or plates 13 each comprises a smooth main plate 13 and a shorter plate 13 integral therewith but at right angles thereto to form a corner section. The end flanges on these pieces 13" are also angle bars 12 secured to the edges of the plates 13, while or side flanges are angular in plan view an integral with the main plates. These are designated in the drawings as 14. These end bars 12 on the short plates 13 of the corner sections 13 will thereforebe substantially parallel with the flanges or bars 12 of the central sections 10. They will not however, be strictly parallel, for these bars or Us 12 are never exactly 90 in cross section. This is a well-known fact as to all L bars which are supposed to be, approximately a 90 angle-they are all at least 40 less than 90, and this fact is made use of by applicant in designing a structure which can be readily disassembled by removing the several sections inwardly. This feature will be further explained in the description of operation hereinafter.

The side plates 14 or top and botto l n the upper and IOWGH- flange 14 integral with plate 13'.

flanges of the corner sections, 13, are formed of two parts, the longer flange 14 being integral with the plate 13", and the shorter Before the plate 13" is bent into its final shape, a V-notch is cut from the sheet from which the plate 13 is to be fashioned, so that when the main plate is bent, the lates 14' and 14" are also bent inward an their oblique edges 15 meet as shown clearly in Figs. 2 and 3. A plate 16 is then app ied immediately beneath the ends of said plates bridging the meeting edges 15, and is spotwelded thereto, as shown in said views. This date 16 is of proper size to avoid possible interference with the wedging plates later to be described.

Between the several sections of a course, metal plates 17 are inserted so that the removal of the same will so loosen the adjacent sections that the latter may beremoved inwardly dismantling the entire form. Theseplates are smooth and thin-usually approximately inch in thickness, there being a separatedivider plate for each joint of each course. Such plates are used not only between the corner and intermediate sections at the sides of the form, but also between the corner and end sections at each end of the form. In assembling the form, the flanges 12 of the adjoining sections and the divider plates 17 are provided with apertures 18 registering when the form is set up,

' and bolts 19 are used for securing the three parts together as shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 4'. These bolts have slots 19 therein slightly remote from the end and wedge plates 20 are inserted in said slots to tighten the flanges 12 and divider plates 17 in position;

Cross braces 21 are also provided for strengthening the form when set up, the same comprising metal L-bars which are in two or more sections, which latter are in engagement, face to face, and corresponding flanges of each section have spaced apertures in which locking bolts 22 are secured to hold the sections together. the braces being thus adjustable in length by applying the bolts in the proper apertures chosen from a larger number than are needed, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3.

. At the ends of each section, the one flange of the L is folded over the other flange, as at. 23. as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. to provide flat surfaces parallel with one of the flanges, there being apertures 24 in said flat end portions to receive therein the same bolts 19 which secure together the divider plates and frame sections, so that the same securing means serves to hold the plate sections together as well as brace the entire structure.

To hold the several courses of my structure in superposed position, a rtures 25 are provided in the flanges 11 at the plates 10 which are designed to receive locking pins 26 to lock flanges of adjacent plates 10, the apertures in the difl'erent flan es registering when in proper position. T ese pins may be readil removed when it is desired to dismantle t e structure.

A very advantageous feature of my structure is made use of to provide metal hollow sockets in the concrete wall that is molded about this form structure. Bolts 31 are inserted in apertures 29 of certain plates of the-form, the bolts being directed outward with the bolt heads on the inner surface of the plates and the threaded end project:- ing on the outside. A metallic socket which is to be embedded in the cement wall exterior of the form plates consists of a reduced 1101- low threaded portion 27 which is provided with inner threads of the pro or size to reccive the threaded ends of tie said bolts,

and a larger hollow .portion 28 having an outer closed end, the two parts 27 and 28 being integral and 28 being intended to be secured in the cement wall with its larger end preventingaccidental removal. It is evident that if a number of said fixtures be supportedjiy the form externally thereof while cement is being molded about the same, the sockets 27 and 28 will be securely fastened in the cement casing when the coment sets, and will be permanently fixed in the desired position.

For expeditious handling of the plates 17,.

apertures 30 are provided near their inner ed e, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. These enab e the plates to be placed either into position between the form plates, or to be pulled from such position with quite a strong force when the form is to be dismantled.

In operation, the first or lower course is laid in the earth cavity provided for the purpose by positioning the side and end sections 10 independently with the proper corner sections 13 between, as shown in Fig. 1. Divider plates 17 are then forced into position at all the joints between sections of the course. Then, if braces 21 are to be used, the sections thereof are adjusted by securing therein the bolts 22 in the proper apertures to result in the desired length of braces, and the latter are held in position with the apertures 24 of the braces in register with theaperturcs 18 of the sections and dividers, so that the bolts 19 may be inserted and the wedges 20 forced into the slots if)" to hold the entire structure in engagement. Sometimes assembled courses may be lowered into position. The other courses are then laid in superposed position with the apertures 25 is registration for the reception of the pins 26, thus holding the courses together. As many courses may be used as needed to attain the required height of the completed form, and a covering is provided by laying cross pieces over the top of the material most convenient for the purpose, an opening being provided therein of the desired size and shape for permitting entrance to the man-hole or such structure which is formed of concrete or other cementitious material.

In dismantlingthe structure (the form), the bolts .31 are unscrewed from the sockets leaving the latter fixed in the hardened cement casing, thus providing internallythreaded sockets in the surface of the easing, a great advantage, since it is difficult to bore sockets in the cement walls after the latter is set, the wedges 20' removed and the bolts 19 withdrawn from the braces and flanges, thus releasing the divider plates 17 so that by on aging the apertures 30 the plates 17 may e readily removed inwardly, it some times being practicable to insert a hand tool in said apertures, such as a hook or a rod, to facilitate the removal. In any case, the fact that the angle of the angle bars 12 is slightly less than 90 makes the removal and insertion of the plates 17 an easy 0 oration. After the removal of those plates, tl ie disengagement of the other parts or sections will evidently be easily accomplished since no appreciable friction is present to oppose the operation. When the parts are separated, they may be readily withdrawn upward through the entrance opening for storage or for transportation to another place where needed.

It is to be understood that the terms sides, ends, upper and lower are used for convenience in description, and are not intended to be considered as strictly structural limitations, as the completed form may be positioned in any desired relation to the surface of the ground where used, with equal facility.

It is evident that the structure disclosed may be used without the braces if so desired, and such use is contemplated. Further, while the sections used for the form require only the plates 10 and corner plates 13, used with the dividers 17, it is obvious that these may be made of different sizes, or filler side or end plates may be used, being exactly like the plates 10 except that the width might be less or greater than the standard plates. Vhen more than one side or end plate 10 is used in a course, an additional divided 17 is also used, and in the same way as when but one plate 10 is used. This has the advantage therefore that the filler plates need not be of a different pattern from the standard plates-only a possible variation in their width.

From the above disclosure it is evident that I have invented a composite form that is wholly of metal and which may be used for molding a casing externally thereof, thus meeting the requirements for a positive and rigid structure of relatively thin material tions that fall well within the spirit and 4 scope of the disclosed invention.

What I desire to secure by Letters Patent and claim is,

1. A rectangular form for concrete construction work comprising four counterpart corner sections and four counterpart intermediate sections, each intermediate section comprising a flat plate, upper and lower members and end members which are atan angle to said flat plate, each corner section comprising a relatively lon plate, a relatively short plate making a r1ght angle with the first named, top and bottom members and two end members which are inclined with respect to the long and the short plates of the corner section, the said end members of adjacent intermediate and corner sections being slightly out of parallel with each other, the inner edges of the respective end members beingspaced slightly more than the edges of the respective flat plates and flat divider plates separating the said end members of the intermediate and corner sections and engaging them contiguously.

.2. A rectangular form for concrete construction work comprising four counterpart corner sections and four counterpart intermediate sections, each intermediate section comprising a flat plate, upper and lower flan 'e members and end members which are at su stantially right angles to said flat plate, each corner section comprising a relatively long plate, a relatively short plate making a r1ght angle with the first named, top and bottom members which make right angles with the long and short plates of the corner section and two end members which are inclined to and make acute angles at least twenty seconds less than right angles with the long and short plates of the corner section, flat divider plates separating the said end members of the intermediate and corner sections and engaging them contiguo-usly, and detachable securing means for binding together the said end members of adjacent sections and the dividing plates therebetween.

3. A rectangular form for concrete construction work comprising four counterpart corner sections and four counterpart intermediate sections, each intermediate section comprising a flat plate, end members which are inclined to and make acute anglesslightly less than right angles with said flat plate, each corner section comprising a relatively long plate, a relatively short plate makin a right angle with the first named and en members which are inclined to and makes angles slightly less than ri ht angles with the long and short plates 0 the corner section, and flat divider plates separating the said end members of the intermediate and corner sections and engaging them contiguously with tighter binding action at the outer edges of the dividerplates than at the inner contact edge.

4. A rectangular form for concrete construction work comprising four counterpart orner sections and four counterpart intermediate sections, each intermediate section comprising a flat plate, end members which are inclined to and make acute angles slightly' less than right angles with said plate, each corner section comprising a relatively long plate, a relatively short plate making a right angle with the first named and end members which are inclined to and make angles slight ly less than right angles with the long and short plates of the corner section, the angle between said end members of adjacent sections when the latter are in contiguity being less than one degree, and flat divider plates having parallel faces separating said end members, whereby the binding force at the outer edges of the divider plates is greator than at the contact areas at the inner edges of the end members.

5. A rectangular form for construction work comprising counterpart corner sections and counterpart intermediate sectlons, each intermediate section comprising a flat plate and end members which are at substantially right angles to said flat plate, there being apertures in said end members, each corner section comprisin a relatively long plate, a relatively short p ate making a right angle with the first named and apertured end members which are at substantially rightangles to the long and short plates of the corner section, flat divider plates separating the said end members of the intermediate and corner sections and having apertures therein registering with the apertures in said end members when the parts arein cnga ement in substantial parallelism, brace members adjustable as to length and provided with apertures near their ends, and detachable bolt members inserted through the apertures in theend members, divider plates and braces, to lock the parts together.

6. A rectangular form for concrete conness of the divider p struction work comprising counterpart corner sectlons and counterpart intermediate sections, each intermediate section com rismg a flat plate upper and lower flanges mtegral with said late and end members which are at substantially right angles to said flat plate, each corner section comprising a relatively long plate, a relatively short plate making a right angle with the first-named, top and bottom flange members and two and members which are inclined with respect to, and make substantially right angles with the short and long plates 'of the corner section, fiat divider plates separating the said end members of the intermediate and corner sections and engaging them face to face contiguously, the top and bottom flange members of the sections forming supports and engagmg portions for above specified, anges being rovided with openings adapted to devices.

7; In a form for molding concrete construction, a rectangular section comprising a flat plate, upper and lower flange members integral with said plate and bent at right angles thereto and end flange members comprising L-members one of whose angle plates is fixedly secured to a face of said flat plate receive astening superiposed courses of forms. said adj accnt an edge at an end of the latter and the other angle plate of said L-member extends from said flat plate at an angle to said flat plate slightly less than the said end flange members of adjacent sections being slightly more separated at their inner edges than at their outer edges.

8. In a form for molding concrete construction, a plurality of metal sections each comprising a flat late having attached L- members one of w ose lates is fixed to a face of said flat plate adiacent an edge and the other angle late of said L-member extends from said flat plate at an angle thereto, flat divider plates separating the L- members of adjacent sections, the angle which the several extended angle plates makes with the flat plate, and the thickates being such that the pinching eflect of the extended angle plates upon the divider plate will be slightly greater at the outer edge of the divider plate than at its inner edge, whereby the said divider plates may be the more readily inserted or withdrawn from between the said L-members. I

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature.

AUGUSTUS J. PENQTE.

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