WO2005018231A1 - Procede permettant de regler la largeur de bande d'un train de bits - Google Patents

Procede permettant de regler la largeur de bande d'un train de bits Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005018231A1
WO2005018231A1 PCT/CN2004/000910 CN2004000910W WO2005018231A1 WO 2005018231 A1 WO2005018231 A1 WO 2005018231A1 CN 2004000910 W CN2004000910 W CN 2004000910W WO 2005018231 A1 WO2005018231 A1 WO 2005018231A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bandwidth
terminal
code stream
equalization
cycle time
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2004/000910
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Jing Wang
Xiaorong Wang
Ge Guo
Xiaoxia Wei
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Publication of WO2005018231A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005018231A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/14—Systems for two-way working
    • H04N7/15—Conference systems
    • H04N7/152—Multipoint control units therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of multimedia communications, and in particular, to a bandwidth equalization method for a code stream. Background technique
  • terminals can transmit multi-screen videos with different contents to each other.
  • each terminal can only enjoy the corresponding bandwidth according to a preset ratio, and cannot transmit multi-screen according to the transmission.
  • the complexity of the video dynamically changes its occupied bandwidth. Therefore, during the multi-view video transmission process, since the complexity of the multi-view video changes at any time, and the bandwidth occupied by each terminal will not change accordingly, thereby causing the bandwidth shortage of some terminals and the idle bandwidth of other terminals, greatly reducing the bandwidth.
  • the overall bandwidth utilization of the video conference system since the complexity of the multi-view video changes at any time, and the bandwidth occupied by each terminal will not change accordingly, thereby causing the bandwidth shortage of some terminals and the idle bandwidth of other terminals, greatly reducing the bandwidth.
  • FIG. 1 A multi-picture implementation scheme for secondary encoding and decoding, refer to FIG. 1:
  • a multipoint control unit in the video conference system decodes the video code streams from each terminal separately, and obtains corresponding multi-channel solutions Image
  • the MCU then extracts the solved images and scales them to the corresponding proportions and combines them; Finally, the combined images are overall encoded, and the encoded single video stream is fed back to each terminal.
  • each terminal can use the secondary encoding and decoding for the purpose of dynamically adjusting its own bandwidth for multi-picture images of different complexity, thereby achieving the effect of reasonable bandwidth allocation and balance.
  • each terminal in the video conference system occupies the corresponding bandwidth capacity according to the proportion of the sub-pictures transmitted in the multi-pictures;
  • Each terminal encodes according to the size of the bandwidth capacity it occupies, and sends the encoded video stream to the MCU separately;
  • the MCU extracts the video stream sent from each terminal separately, and records the corresponding bandwidth capacity occupied by each terminal according to the video stream extracted from each terminal, and then synthesizes the extracted video streams in order. ;
  • the single-channel video stream synthesized by MCl ⁇ Bar is then fed back to each terminal with the corresponding bandwidth capacity occupied by each terminal, and each terminal performs a decoding operation.
  • the present invention proposes a method for bandwidth equalization of a code stream, so as to solve the problem that in the prior art, it can not simultaneously meet the requirements of saving MCU resources and improving overall bandwidth utilization.
  • the present invention proposes a method for bandwidth equalization of a code stream, which includes the following steps:
  • step (1) separately calculate the adjustment amount of the bandwidth balance of each terminal;
  • step (3) According to the adjustment amount calculated in step (2), adjust each terminal's own bandwidth accordingly.
  • step (1) the analysis and calculation of the bandwidth characteristics of each terminal are processed by each terminal; in step (2), each terminal's bandwidth balance adjustment is calculated by each terminal. ; In step (3), each terminal's own bandwidth is adjusted accordingly by each terminal.
  • the step (1) specifically includes:
  • Each terminal calculates an average quantization step size value of each terminal in each cycle time
  • Each terminal calculates its own bandwidth utilization rate within the period of each cycle; (13) Each terminal calculates the overall bandwidth redundancy ratio in the period of each cycle.
  • the step (11) further includes:
  • Each terminal decodes each macroblock in the video image separately to obtain a quantization step size value of each macroblock
  • bandwidth utilization rate equal to the actual number of coded bits of the terminal within each period of time / the target number of bits of the terminal within each period of time.
  • the target total number of bits is equal to the sum of the target bits of all terminals; the actual total number of decoded bits is equal to the sum of the actual number of decoded bits of all terminals.
  • the step (2) specifically includes: if a terminal meets
  • the terminal has the largest average quantization step size among all terminals
  • the adjustment amount the initial target bandwidth of the terminal X
  • M is a preset bandwidth utilization threshold value
  • N is a preset first overall bandwidth redundancy ratio threshold value
  • P is a preset adjustment amplitude threshold value.
  • the step (2) specifically includes: within a period of time, if a terminal satisfies
  • the adjustment amount the initial target bandwidth XP% of the terminal; the K is a preset second overall bandwidth redundancy ratio threshold, and P is a preset adjustment amplitude threshold.
  • the Q is a preset current bandwidth utilization threshold.
  • FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of a multi-picture implementation scheme using a secondary codec in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a system block diagram of a multi-picture implementation scheme using a composite code stream in the prior art
  • each terminal participating in the conference will receive each sub-picture in the multi-picture.
  • each terminal can accurately determine the current bandwidth demand of each terminal by analyzing the video stream bandwidth characteristics of each terminal (including itself); then each terminal can separately determine the current bandwidth demand of each terminal at the conference. Adjust its own bitstream bandwidth accordingly;
  • each terminal completes the overall bandwidth occupation of the system, so that each terminal can dynamically adjust its own occupied bandwidth according to the complexity of the received sub-pictures, thereby improving the overall system bandwidth utilization.
  • the bandwidth equalization method of the code stream of the present invention is designed based on the above principles.
  • the core purpose of this solution is to decompose the bandwidth of each terminal by the MCU in the prior art into a balanced distribution of multiple terminals to overcome the concentration. Disadvantages of occupying MCU operating resources during processing.
  • the implementation scheme of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
  • each terminal participating in the video conference separately analyzes and calculates the video stream bandwidth characteristics of the participating terminals, that is, in addition to analyzing and calculating its own video stream bandwidth characteristics, each terminal must also receive The video stream of each other terminal analyzes and calculates the bandwidth characteristics of the video stream of each other terminal (excluding itself).
  • Each terminal analysis and calculation of the video stream bandwidth characteristics of each terminal includes: Calculating the average quantization step size value of each terminal in each cycle time.
  • the quantization step size value refers to an average quantization step size in a cycle time closest to the detection point. Because when each terminal sends a video image, the entire video image is divided into several macroblocks, each macroblock has a unique quantization step size QP, and then each macroblock is encoded separately; therefore, each terminal When receiving a video image, when decoding the video image, the image must also be decoded separately.
  • the QP value of each macroblock in the image, where the average quantization step size value of each terminal is obtained by the following formula:
  • Average quantization step size of each terminal (QP, + QP 2 + QP 3 + . + QP n ) / n
  • QP 2 is the quantization step size of the second macroblock of the image
  • ⁇ was the quantization step size of the nth macroblock of the image, where n is the total number of divided macroblocks in the entire image
  • Each terminal shall calculate its own average quantization step size value and the average quantization step size value of each other terminal in each cycle time, and then compare the average quantization step size values.
  • Bandwidth utilization actual number of coded bits of the terminal per cycle time / target number of bits of the terminal within each cycle time
  • the actual number of coded bits of the terminal refers to the number of code stream bits actually coded by the terminal encoder in each cycle time
  • the target target number of bits refers to the number of code stream bits allowed by the terminal encoder in each cycle time
  • the target total number of bits is equal to the sum of the target bits of all terminals; the actual decoded total number of bits is equal to the sum of the actual decoded bits of all terminals; the actual number of decoded bits of the terminal is Refers to the number of bits actually decoded by the terminal decoder during each cycle time; the overall bandwidth redundancy ratio result calculated by all terminals in the system at the same time is the same.
  • each terminal should refer to the bandwidth characteristic parameters that have been analyzed and calculated in step 10 to calculate its corresponding bandwidth adjustment amount.
  • the bandwidth adjustment amount is divided into two cases: increasing adjustment mode and decreasing adjustment mode.
  • Bandwidth increase adjustment mode In a certain period of time, when a terminal obtains the bandwidth characteristics through the corresponding analysis and calculation in step 10, it simultaneously meets the following three conditions:
  • the terminal compares its average quantization step size value with the average quantization step size value of all other terminals one by one to obtain the maximum average quantization step size value;
  • the overall bandwidth redundancy ratio of the system> 50% (where 50 is the preset first overall bandwidth redundancy ratio threshold N);
  • the increase adjustment is not unlimited. It can only increase up to 1.5 times the initial target bandwidth of the terminal (where 1.5 is the preset bandwidth described above).
  • Multiplication threshold L The initial target bandwidth is determined by three factors: the overall system bandwidth, the multi-picture format, and the proportion of terminal sub-pictures in the multi-picture.
  • the current target bandwidth / initial target bandwidth is ⁇ 50% (of which, Here, 50 is the preset current bandwidth utilization threshold Q described above.
  • the terminal may be forced to recover to the original target bandwidth at one time, that is, at this time, the terminal is increased.
  • Mode adjustment amount initial target bandwidth-current target bandwidth.
  • the current target bandwidth refers to the currently programmed bandwidth of the terminal encoder.
  • Bandwidth reduction adjustment mode In a certain period of time, when a terminal obtains the bandwidth characteristics through the corresponding analysis and calculation in step 10, the following two conditions are satisfied at the same time:
  • the overall system bandwidth redundancy ratio ⁇ 20% (of which 20 Is the preset second bandwidth utilization threshold K); the current target bandwidth of the terminal> the initial target bandwidth of the terminal;
  • the bandwidth reduction adjustment has a limit, and the minimum terminal bandwidth can only be reduced to the initial target bandwidth of the terminal.
  • each terminal adjusts accordingly to increase or decrease according to the adjustment amount calculated by itself, so as to achieve the bandwidth balance among the terminals and improve the overall system bandwidth utilization.
  • the bandwidth adjustment of each terminal can adjust the size of its own bandwidth by setting instructions in advance for each terminal and automatically responding to instructions.
  • Each of the above terminals simultaneously analyzes and calculates the bandwidth characteristics of each terminal at the same cycle time, and then obtains the respective bandwidth adjustment amount within each cycle time, and then each terminal performs corresponding bandwidth adjustment within the cycle time.
  • the cycle time is determined by the overall bandwidth of the video conference system application.
  • each terminal All the terminals perform cyclic analysis and calculation of the bandwidth characteristics of each terminal, and then obtain the adjustment amount of each bandwidth within each cycle time, and then adjust accordingly; this achieves the purpose of each terminal dynamically adjusting its own bandwidth in real time. Analysis and calculation are performed; each terminal calculates and determines its own bandwidth balance adjustment amount according to the result of the analysis calculation; and finally, each terminal adjusts its own bandwidth according to the adjustment amount.
  • the above operations do not have to be performed by the terminal itself.
  • a test device can be installed outside each terminal, and the external test device can complete the analysis and calculation of the bandwidth characteristics of each terminal.
  • the bandwidth balance adjustment amount of each terminal is calculated and determined; finally, the bandwidth of each terminal is adjusted correspondingly according to the adjustment amount, and the implementation thereof is the same as that performed by each terminal itself, which is not described herein again.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Compression Or Coding Systems Of Tv Signals (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé permettant de régler la largeur de bande d'un train de bits. En l'occurrence, on commence par analyser et calculer les caractéristiques de largeur de bande de chaque point d'extrémité, puis, sur cette base, on calcule séparément pour chaque point d'extrémité la valeur du réglage. Enfin, on règle la largeur de bande de chaque point d'extrémité sur la base du résultat du calcul. Le procédé de cette invention pour régler la largeur de bande d'un train de bits permet d'éviter l'encombrement des ressources de mémoire de masse de la MCU, de diminuer la complexité et le coût de la MCU, et de permettre d'accroître la capacité pour les images multiples.
PCT/CN2004/000910 2003-08-13 2004-08-06 Procede permettant de regler la largeur de bande d'un train de bits WO2005018231A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN03153432.5 2003-08-13
CNB031534325A CN100388780C (zh) 2003-08-13 2003-08-13 码流的带宽均衡方法

Publications (1)

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WO2005018231A1 true WO2005018231A1 (fr) 2005-02-24

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CN (1) CN100388780C (fr)
WO (1) WO2005018231A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2359596A1 (fr) * 2008-12-15 2011-08-24 Microsoft Corporation Mise en correspondance de débit de visioconférence
US8947492B2 (en) 2010-06-18 2015-02-03 Microsoft Corporation Combining multiple bit rate and scalable video coding
CN116094969A (zh) * 2022-12-23 2023-05-09 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 带宽调整方法、装置、设备及存储介质

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KR100820678B1 (ko) * 2006-09-28 2008-04-11 엘지전자 주식회사 디지털 비디오 레코더에서의 데이터 전송장치 및 방법
CN101179691B (zh) * 2006-11-10 2010-08-18 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种扩展会议电视系统中多点控制单元容量的方法
US8887218B2 (en) * 2007-11-29 2014-11-11 Jan Maurits Nicolaas Fielibert Systems and methods of adjusting bandwidth among multiple media streams
CN102571526B (zh) * 2010-12-08 2015-05-06 华为终端有限公司 会场带宽的调整方法、装置、会议终端和媒体控制服务器
CN105635734B (zh) * 2014-11-03 2019-04-12 掌赢信息科技（上海）有限公司 基于视频通话场景的自适应视频编码方法及装置
CN105818562B (zh) * 2015-01-05 2018-06-15 中国科学院化学研究所 一种水性油墨用版材及其制备方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2359596A1 (fr) * 2008-12-15 2011-08-24 Microsoft Corporation Mise en correspondance de débit de visioconférence
EP2359596A4 (fr) * 2008-12-15 2013-10-30 Microsoft Corp Mise en correspondance de débit de visioconférence
US8947492B2 (en) 2010-06-18 2015-02-03 Microsoft Corporation Combining multiple bit rate and scalable video coding
CN116094969A (zh) * 2022-12-23 2023-05-09 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 带宽调整方法、装置、设备及存储介质
CN116094969B (zh) * 2022-12-23 2024-03-29 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 带宽调整方法、装置、设备及存储介质

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CN100388780C (zh) 2008-05-14
CN1581970A (zh) 2005-02-16

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