WO2005012047A1 - Passenger protection device for a vehicle, and method for triggering a passenger protection device for a vehicle for prematurely identifying a critical driving situation - Google Patents

Passenger protection device for a vehicle, and method for triggering a passenger protection device for a vehicle for prematurely identifying a critical driving situation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005012047A1
WO2005012047A1 PCT/DE2004/001484 DE2004001484W WO2005012047A1 WO 2005012047 A1 WO2005012047 A1 WO 2005012047A1 DE 2004001484 W DE2004001484 W DE 2004001484W WO 2005012047 A1 WO2005012047 A1 WO 2005012047A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vehicle
protection device
occupant protection
acceleration
speed
Prior art date
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PCT/DE2004/001484
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Reiner Marchthaler
Frank Mack
Alfred Kuttenberger
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
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Publication of WO2005012047A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005012047A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R21/013—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting collisions, impending collisions or roll-over
    • B60R21/0132—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting collisions, impending collisions or roll-over responsive to vehicle motion parameters, e.g. to vehicle longitudinal or transversal deceleration or speed value
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R21/013—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting collisions, impending collisions or roll-over
    • B60R21/0132—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting collisions, impending collisions or roll-over responsive to vehicle motion parameters, e.g. to vehicle longitudinal or transversal deceleration or speed value
    • B60R2021/01325—Vertical acceleration

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an occupant protection device for a vehicle and a method for actuating an occupant protection device for a vehicle in each case for the early detection of a critical driving situation.
  • Vehicle occupant protection systems increase occupant safety in the event of an accident.
  • a system which detects a critical driving situation, which can lead to an accident, prematurely by sensor means and evaluation electronics and has reversible occupant protection devices, such as reversible belt tensioners, which are then activated even before an actual accident, is known and is e.g. offered under the term "PRE-SAFE" by Mercedes Benz in vehicles.
  • Driving dynamics data such as e.g. the steering wheel angle, the float angle, the yaw rate or the brake pressure. From this data, an oversteer or understeer of the vehicle or also an emergency braking can be concluded and the reversible occupant protection devices can then be activated.
  • vehicle dynamics safety systems such as ABS, ESP or BAS (brake assistant), which are present in the vehicle.
  • Such a critical driving situation occurs, for example, when the vehicle unintentionally strays from the road, but there is neither a strong over- or understeer nor a strong braking deceleration.
  • Such a situation can be caused by a driving error followed by slight understeering of the vehicle, i.e. too little understeering to be recognized by the system as a critical driving situation, due to an agreement with the roadway due to poor visibility or if the driver falls asleep.
  • Critical for the safety of driving The witness is the agreement from the road, especially at high speeds on uneven surfaces.
  • the occupant protection device according to the invention for a vehicle with the features of claim 1 and the method for actuating an occupant protection device for a vehicle with the features of claim 5 has the advantage over the known approach that in a critical driving situation, such as getting off the road, the control of reversible occupant protection devices is already made possible. This fixes a vehicle occupant early in the seat, for example, and thus reduces the risk of serious injury. It is particularly advantageous that individual components of the device according to the invention and for the method according to the invention are already present in a vehicle for other purposes or will be used in vehicles in the foreseeable future. This does not result in additional costs, since no additional complex hardware is required.
  • the idea on which the present invention is based essentially consists in that, in addition to the vehicle speed, the acceleration of the vehicle in the vertical direction is recorded and evaluated in order to control a reversible occupant protection device, if necessary.
  • an occupant protection device for a vehicle for early detection of a critical driving situation is provided with: at least one reversible occupant protection device; first means for detecting the speed of the vehicle; a second device for detecting the acceleration of the vehicle at least in a direction perpendicular to the driving plane; an evaluation device for evaluating the detected speed and the detected acceleration and for outputting an evaluation signal as a function of the speed and the acceleration of the vehicle; and a control device for the event that the evaluation signal exceeds a threshold value, which indicates a critical driving situation, outputs a control signal for triggering at least one reversible occupant protection device.
  • a device for detecting an acceleration in the horizontal direction is provided.
  • This has the advantage that an acceleration value detected in the z direction for the detection of a critical driving situation with an acceleration value in horizontally, ie in the x and / or y direction, can be verified in order to ensure a more precise triggering of a reversible occupant protection device (coordinate system according to DEN 70000).
  • the at least one reversible occupant protection device has a reversible belt tensioner. In this way, a vehicle occupant can be fixed in the seat before a possible accident in order to reduce the risk of injury.
  • the at least one occupant protection device has an electrically operated sunroof and / or electrically operated front seats and / or electrically operated side windows. A comprehensive activation of various occupant protection devices is thus advantageously ensured.
  • At least one reversible belt tensioner is used as at least one reversible occupant protection device, the belt force of which is determined, in particular continuously, as a function of the evaluation signal.
  • the speed of the vehicle is determined from the
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an occupant protection device for explaining an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a device 10 for detecting the speed of the vehicle is coupled to a processing device 11.
  • the device 10 for detecting the vehicle speed can have an independent sensor device, but preferably detects the vehicle speed from the wheel speeds of the vehicle, which are generated for an existing ABS and / or ESP system (not shown).
  • a device 12 for detecting an acceleration in vertical, i.e. in the z direction is also coupled to the processing device 11.
  • the processing device 11 has an evaluation device 14, which detects signals 10 ', 12', 13 'L 5 of the corresponding detection or detection devices 10, 12, 13 and evaluates them by means of an algorithm.
  • An evaluation signal 14 ′ is generated in the evaluation device 14 and is fed to a control device 15.
  • the evaluation signal 14 ' contains, for example, information which is passed on in the control device 15 in such a way that, for example, all reversible occupant protection devices 16, 16', 16 ", 16"'present in the vehicle via corresponding 10 control signals 15', 15 ", 15 '”are triggered or activated.
  • the information in the evaluation signal 14 'in the control device 15' can also only control a reversible belt tensioner 16 'with a predetermined belt force via a control signal 15'.
  • the control signal 15 '"of the control device 15 for activating the occupant protection device 16'" is an example of the actuation of further occupant protection devices, such as, for example, an electrically actuable sunroof or electrically actuated side windows, etc. Leaving the road at a very high speed meets an uneven surface.
  • the belt force or the tightening torque with which a reversible belt tensioner 16 ′ is to be activated via the control device 15 is preferably determined in the evaluation algorithm of the evaluation device 14, starting from the acceleration value in the z direction and the vehicle's own speed.
  • electrically adjustable seats based on 16 " to adjust the position of the evaluation signal 14 ′ generated in the evaluation device via the control device 15 in order to bring the occupants into a favorable sitting position for an accident.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of a family of curves, which shows the belt force as a percentage of the maximum belt force possible as a function of the reversible belt tensioner 16 ′ according to FIG. 2
  • Acceleration in the z direction 17 and the own speed 18 reproduces.
  • a corresponding belt force for the belt tensioner can be determined in the evaluation device 14 from such a data field stored in a memory device (not shown) on the basis of the acceleration value in the z direction 17 and the own speed of the vehicle 18, which are detected by the detection devices 10 and 12 16 'are determined, which is correspondingly activated via the control device 15 by means of the control signal 15'.
  • the vehicle's own speed is an important parameter for vehicle systems such as ESP and ABS, this parameter is usually already available and can be estimated from the wheel speeds.
  • the size of the airspeed is accessible via a CAN bus and can thus be extracted from a CAN bus signal.
  • the acceleration in the z direction can be measured with an acceleration sensor which is provided, for example, in airbag systems with rollover detection.
  • sensor signals 13 ′ from the x and / or y acceleration sensors 13 can be used, preferably for plausibility checking of the decision to control a or several reversible occupant protection devices or restraint devices can be used.
  • the present invention has been described above on the basis of a preferred exemplary embodiment, it is not restricted thereto, but rather can be modified in many ways.
  • the selection of the reversible occupant protection devices is exemplary and other occupant protection devices can also be used as an alternative to the named ones.
  • the evaluation device 14 and the control device 15 can be integrated in one module, but can also be provided in a structurally completely separate manner.
  • the family of curves according to FIG. 2 for representing the belt force as a function of the acceleration in the z direction and the vehicle's own speed 18 is exemplary of an algorithm in the evaluation device 14.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a passenger protection device for a vehicle for prematurely identifying a critical driving situation. Said device comprises at least one reversible passenger protection unit (16, 16', 16'', 16'''); a first mechanism (10) for detecting the speed of the vehicle; a second mechanism (12) for detecting the acceleration of the vehicle at least perpendicularly to the driving plane; an evaluation device (14) for evaluating the detected speed and the detected acceleration and for outputting an evaluation signal (14') according to the speed and the acceleration of the vehicle; and a triggering device (15) which is used if the evaluation signal (14') exceeds a threshold value displaying a critical driving situation, emitting a triggering signal (15', 15'', 15''') for triggering at least one reversible passenger protection device (16, 16', 16'', 16'''). The invention also relates to a method for triggering a passenger protection device for a vehicle for prematurely identifying a critical driving situation.

Description

Insassenschutzvorrichtung für ein Fahrzeug und Verfahren zum Ansteuern einer Insassenschutzein- richtung für ein Fahrzeug zur vorzeitigen Erkennung einer kritischen FahrsituationOccupant protection device for a vehicle and method for actuating an occupant protection device for a vehicle for early detection of a critical driving situation
STAND DER TECHNIKSTATE OF THE ART
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Insassenschutzvorrichtung für ein Fahrzeug und ein Verfahren zum Ansteuern einer Insassenschutzeinrichtung für ein Fahrzeug j eweils zur vorzeitigen Erkennung einer kritischen Fahrsituation.The present invention relates to an occupant protection device for a vehicle and a method for actuating an occupant protection device for a vehicle in each case for the early detection of a critical driving situation.
Insassenschutzsysteme für Fahrzeuge erhöhen bei einem Unfall die Sicherheit der Insassen. Ein System, welches durch Sensormittel und eine Auswerteelektronik eine kritische Fahrsituation, welche zu einem Unfall führen kann, vorzeitig erkennt, und reversible Insassenschutzeinrichtungen aufweist, wie beispielsweise reversible Gurtstraffer, die daraufhin bereits vor einem eigentlichen Unfall aktiviert werden, ist bekannt und wird z.B. unter dem Begriff "PRE-SAFE" von Mercedes Benz in Fahrzeugen angeboten.Vehicle occupant protection systems increase occupant safety in the event of an accident. A system which detects a critical driving situation, which can lead to an accident, prematurely by sensor means and evaluation electronics and has reversible occupant protection devices, such as reversible belt tensioners, which are then activated even before an actual accident, is known and is e.g. offered under the term "PRE-SAFE" by Mercedes Benz in vehicles.
Zur Detektion einer kritischen Fahrsituation dienen dabei Fahrdynamikdaten, wie z.B. der Lenkradwinkel, der Schwimmwinkel, die Gier-Rate oder der Bremsdruck. Aus diesen Daten kann auf ein Über- oder Untersteuern des Fahrzeugs oder auch auf eine Notbremsung geschlossen werden und daraufhin die reversiblen Insassenschutzeinrichtungen aktiviert werden. Eine weitere Möglichkeit zur Aktivierung der reversiblen Rückhaltemittel basiert auf der Detektion starker Regeleingriffe von im Fahrzeug vorhandenen Fahrdynamik-Sicherheitssystemen, wie ABS, ESP oder BAS (Bremsassistent).Driving dynamics data such as e.g. the steering wheel angle, the float angle, the yaw rate or the brake pressure. From this data, an oversteer or understeer of the vehicle or also an emergency braking can be concluded and the reversible occupant protection devices can then be activated. Another possibility for activating the reversible restraint means is based on the detection of strong control interventions by vehicle dynamics safety systems, such as ABS, ESP or BAS (brake assistant), which are present in the vehicle.
Zusätzlich bietet sich die Möglichkeit, eine Ansteuerung reversibler Insassenschutzeinrichtungen auf Basis der Auswertung von Radar-, Ultraschall- oder Video-Sensoren durchzuführen. Ein System der zuletzt genannten Art ist jedoch sehr aufwendig und die Detektion einer Gefahrensituation anhand eines solchen Systems ist sehr komplex. Ein Nachteil heutiger Systeme liegt u.a. darin begründet, daß bestimmte kritische Fahrsituationen nicht erkannt werden.It is also possible to control reversible occupant protection devices based on the evaluation of radar, ultrasound or video sensors. However, a system of the latter type is very complex and the detection of a dangerous situation using such a system is very complex. One disadvantage of today's systems is is based on the fact that certain critical driving situations are not recognized.
Eine solche kritische Fahrsituation tritt beispielsweise auf, wenn das Fahrzeug unbeabsichtigt von der Fahrbahn abkommt, es jedoch weder zu einer starken Über- oder Untersteuerung noch zu einer starken Bremsverzögerung kommt. Durch einen Fahrfehler mit anschließendem leichtem Untersteuern des Fahrzeugs, d.h. zu wenig Untersteuern, um vom System als kritische Fahrsituation erkannt zu werden, auf Grund eines Abkommens von der Fahrbahn wegen schlechter Sicht oder durch ein Einschlafen des Fahrers, kann eine solche Situation verursacht werden. Kritisch dabei für die Sicherheit der Fahr- zeuginsassen ist das Abkommen von der Fahrbahn, insbesondere bei hoher Geschwindigkeit auf unebenem Untergrund.Such a critical driving situation occurs, for example, when the vehicle unintentionally strays from the road, but there is neither a strong over- or understeer nor a strong braking deceleration. Such a situation can be caused by a driving error followed by slight understeering of the vehicle, i.e. too little understeering to be recognized by the system as a critical driving situation, due to an agreement with the roadway due to poor visibility or if the driver falls asleep. Critical for the safety of driving The witness is the agreement from the road, especially at high speeds on uneven surfaces.
VORTEILE DER ERFINDUNGADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION
Die erfindungsgemäße Insassenschutzvorrichtung für ein Fahrzeug mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 und das Verfahren zum Ansteuern einer Insassenschutzeinrichtung für ein Fahrzeug mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 5 weist gegenüber dem bekannten Lösungsansatz den Vorteil auf, daß in einer kritischen Fahrsituation, wie dem Abkommen von der Fahrbahn, bereits die Ansteuerung reversibler Insassenschutzeinrichtungen ermöglicht wird. Dadurch wird ein Fahrzeuginsasse beispielsweise frühzeitig im Sitz fixiert und somit das Risiko einer schweren Verletzung herabgesetzt. Besonders von Vorteil ist, daß einzelne Komponenten der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung und für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren bereits in einem Fahrzeug zu anderen Zwecken vorhanden sind bzw. in absehbarer Zukunft in Fahrzeugen eingesetzt werden. Daraus resultiert kein zusätzlicher Kostenaufwand, da keine zusätzliche komplexe Hardware erforderlich ist.The occupant protection device according to the invention for a vehicle with the features of claim 1 and the method for actuating an occupant protection device for a vehicle with the features of claim 5 has the advantage over the known approach that in a critical driving situation, such as getting off the road, the control of reversible occupant protection devices is already made possible. This fixes a vehicle occupant early in the seat, for example, and thus reduces the risk of serious injury. It is particularly advantageous that individual components of the device according to the invention and for the method according to the invention are already present in a vehicle for other purposes or will be used in vehicles in the foreseeable future. This does not result in additional costs, since no additional complex hardware is required.
Die der vorliegenden Erfindung zugrunde liegende Idee besteht im wesentlichen darin, daß neben der Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit die Beschleunigung des Fahrzeugs in vertikaler Richtung erfaßt und ausgewertet wird, um eine reversible Insassenschutzeinrichtung gegebenenfalls anzusteuern.The idea on which the present invention is based essentially consists in that, in addition to the vehicle speed, the acceleration of the vehicle in the vertical direction is recorded and evaluated in order to control a reversible occupant protection device, if necessary.
Mit anderen Worten wird eine Insassenschutzvorrichtung für ein Fahrzeug zur vorzeitigen Erkennung einer kritischen Fahrsituation bereitgestellt mit: zumindest einer reversiblen Insassenschutzeinrichtung; einer ersten Einrichtung zum Erfassen der Geschwindigkeit des Fahrzeugs; einer zweiten Einrichtung zum Erfassen der Beschleunigung des Fahrzeugs zumindest in einer zur Fahrebene senkrechten Richtung; einer Auswerteeinrichtung zum Auswerten der erfaßten Geschwindigkeit und der erfaßten Beschleunigung und zum Ausgeben eines Auswertesignals in Abhängigkeit von der Geschwindigkeit und der Beschleunigung des Fahrzeugs; und einer AnSteuereinrichtung für den Fall, daß das Auswertesignal einen Schwellenwert, der eine kritische Fahrsituation anzeigt, überschreitet, ein Ansteuersignal zum Auslösen zumindest einer reversiblen Insassenschutzeinrichtung ausgibt.In other words, an occupant protection device for a vehicle for early detection of a critical driving situation is provided with: at least one reversible occupant protection device; first means for detecting the speed of the vehicle; a second device for detecting the acceleration of the vehicle at least in a direction perpendicular to the driving plane; an evaluation device for evaluating the detected speed and the detected acceleration and for outputting an evaluation signal as a function of the speed and the acceleration of the vehicle; and a control device for the event that the evaluation signal exceeds a threshold value, which indicates a critical driving situation, outputs a control signal for triggering at least one reversible occupant protection device.
In den Unteransprüchen finden sich vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen der im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Insassenschutzvorrichtung und des im Anspruch 6 angegebenen Verfahrens zum Ansteuern einer Insassenschutzeinrichtung zur vorzeitigen Erkennung einer kritischen Fahrsituation.Advantageous developments and improvements of the occupant protection device specified in claim 1 and the method specified in claim 6 for actuating an occupant protection device for the early detection of a critical driving situation are found in the subclaims.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung ist eine Einrichtung zum Erfassen einer Beschleunigung in horizontaler Richtung vorgesehen. Dies birgt den Vorteil, daß ein in z-Richtung detektierter Beschleunigungswert für die Erkennung einer kritischen Fahrsituation mit einem Beschleunigungswert in horizontaler, d.h. in x- und/oder y-, Richtung verifiziert werden kann, um eine präzisere Auslösung einer reversiblen Insassenschutzeinrichtung zu gewährleisten (Koordinatensystem nach DEN 70000).According to a preferred development, a device for detecting an acceleration in the horizontal direction is provided. This has the advantage that an acceleration value detected in the z direction for the detection of a critical driving situation with an acceleration value in horizontally, ie in the x and / or y direction, can be verified in order to ensure a more precise triggering of a reversible occupant protection device (coordinate system according to DEN 70000).
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Weiterbildung weist die zumindest eine reversible Insassenschutz- einrichtung einen reversiblen Gurtstraffer auf. Auf diese Weise kann ein Fahrzeuginsasse vor einem möglichen Unfall im Sitz fixiert werden, um das Verletzungsrisiko herabzusetzen.According to a further preferred development, the at least one reversible occupant protection device has a reversible belt tensioner. In this way, a vehicle occupant can be fixed in the seat before a possible accident in order to reduce the risk of injury.
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Weiterbildung weist die zumindeste eine Insassenschutzeinrichtung ein elektrisch betätigbares Schiebedach und/oder elektrisch betätigbare Vordersitze und/oder elektrisch betätigbare Seitenscheiben auf. Somit ist auf vorteilhafte Weise ein umfassendes Aktivieren diverser Insassenschutzeinrichtungen gewährleistet.According to a further preferred development, the at least one occupant protection device has an electrically operated sunroof and / or electrically operated front seats and / or electrically operated side windows. A comprehensive activation of various occupant protection devices is thus advantageously ensured.
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Weiterbildung wird als zumindest eine reversible Insassenschutzeinrichtung zumindest ein reversibler Gurtstraffer eingesetzt, dessen Gurtkraft in Abhängigkeit des Auswertesignals, insbesondere kontinuierlich, bestimmt wird. Von Vorteil dabei ist eine auf dieAccording to a further preferred development, at least one reversible belt tensioner is used as at least one reversible occupant protection device, the belt force of which is determined, in particular continuously, as a function of the evaluation signal. One advantage is that
Beschleunigung in vertikaler Richtung und auf die Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit abgestimmte Aktivierung eines Gurtstraffers, so daß bei niedrigen Beschleunigungswerten nur eine niedrige Gurtkraft angelegt wird, um den Sitzkomfort für einen Insassen nicht unnötig zu beeinträchtigen.Acceleration in the vertical direction and activation of a belt tensioner which is matched to the vehicle speed, so that only a low belt force is applied at low acceleration values, in order not to unnecessarily impair the seating comfort for an occupant.
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Weiterbildung wird die Geschwindigkeit des Fahrzeugs aus denAccording to a further preferred development, the speed of the vehicle is determined from the
Raddrehzahlen bestimmt. Somit kann ein zusätzlicher Geschwindigkeitssensor im Fahrzeug eingespart werden, da für andere Systeme (ABS, ESP) eine Ermittlung der Raddrehzahlen permanent erfolgt.Wheel speeds determined. An additional speed sensor in the vehicle can thus be saved since the wheel speeds are determined continuously for other systems (ABS, ESP).
ZEICHNUNGENDRAWINGS
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert.An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description.
Es zeigen:Show it:
Fig. 1 ein schematisches Blockdiagramm einer Insassenschutzvorrichtung zur Erläuterung einer Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung; und1 is a schematic block diagram of an occupant protection device for explaining an embodiment of the present invention; and
Fig. 2 eine schematisch dargestellte Kurvenschar zur Erläuterung eines Details einer Ausfüh- rungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung. BESCHREIBUNG DES AUSFÜHRUNGSBEISPIELS2 shows a schematically represented family of curves to explain a detail of an embodiment of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENT
In Fig. 1 ist schematisch ein Blockschaltbild zur Erläuterung einer erfindungsgemäßen Insassenschutzvorrichtung für ein Fahrzeug dargestellt. Eine Einrichtung 10 zur Erfassung der Geschwindig- 5 keit des Fahrzeugs ist an eine Verarbeitungseinrichtung 11 gekoppelt. Die Einrichtung 10 zur Erfassung der Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit kann eine eigenständige Sensoreinrichtung aufweisen, erfaßt die Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit jedoch vorzugsweise aus den Raddrehzahlen des Fahrzeugs, welche für ein vorhandenes ABS- und/oder ESP-System (nicht dargestellt) generiert werden. Eine Einrichtung 12 zur Erfassung einer Beschleunigung in vertikaler, d.h. in z-, Richtung, ist ebenfalls an die Verarbeitungs- .0 einrichtung 11 gekoppelt. Vorzugsweise ist darüber hinaus eine Einrichtung 13 zum Erfassen einer Beschleunigung in horizontaler, d.h. in x- und/oder y-, Richtung, vorgesehen, welche ebenfalls an die Verarbeitungseinrichtung 11 gekoppelt ist.1 schematically shows a block diagram to explain an occupant protection device according to the invention for a vehicle. A device 10 for detecting the speed of the vehicle is coupled to a processing device 11. The device 10 for detecting the vehicle speed can have an independent sensor device, but preferably detects the vehicle speed from the wheel speeds of the vehicle, which are generated for an existing ABS and / or ESP system (not shown). A device 12 for detecting an acceleration in vertical, i.e. in the z direction is also coupled to the processing device 11. Preferably, a device 13 for detecting an acceleration in horizontal, i.e. in the x and / or y direction, which is also coupled to the processing device 11.
Die Verarbeitungseinrichtung 11 weist eine Auswerteeinrichtung 14 auf, welche Signale 10', 12', 13' L 5 der entsprechenden Erfassungs- bzw. Detektionseinrichtungen 10, 12, 13 erfaßt und mittels eines Algorithmus auswertet. In der Auswerteeinrichtung 14 wird ein Auswertesignal 14' generiert, welches einer AnSteuereinrichtung 15 zugeführt wird. In dem Auswertesignal 14' sind beispielsweise Informationen enthalten, welche in der Ansteuereinrichtung 15 derart weitergeleitet werden, daß z.B. alle im Fahrzeug vorhandenen reversiblen Insassenschutzeinrichtungen 16, 16', 16", 16"' über entsprechende 10 Ansteuersignale 15', 15", 15'" ausgelöst bzw. aktiviert werden. Die Informationen im Auswertesignal 14' können in der Ansteuereinrichtung 15' aber auch nur die Ansteuerung eines reversiblen Gurtstraf- fers 16' mit einer vorbestimmten Gurtkraft über ein Ansteuersignal 15' bewirken. Über das von der Ansteuereinrichtung 15 ausgegebene Ansteuersignal 15" wird beispielsweise eine elektrische Sitzverstellung der Sitze 16" betätigt, um den Insassen eine sicherere Sitzposition in der von der Auswerteein- 5 richtung 14 detektierten kritischen Fahrsituation zu gewährleisten. Das Ansteuersignal 15'" der Ansteuereinrichtung 15 zur Aktivierung der Insassenschutzeinrichtung 16'" steht exemplarisch für die Betätigung weiterer Insassenschutzeinrichtungen, wie beispielsweise einem elektrisch betätigbaren Schiebedach oder elektrisch betätigbaren Seitenscheiben, usw. 0 Ein kritisches Verlassen der Fahrbahn liegt vor, wenn das Fahrzeug nach dem Verlassen der Fahrbahn mit sehr hoher Geschwindigkeit auf einen unebenen Untergrund trifft. Mit Hilfe des Beschleunigungswertes in z-Richtung und der Eigengeschwindigkeit des Fahrzeugs, welche von den Erfassungseinrichtungen 10, 12 und vorzugsweise 13 detektiert wird, wird in der Auswerteeinrichtung 14 auf eine kritische Fahrsituation geschlossen, wenn eine solche vorliegt. Vorzugsweise wird in dem 5 Auswerte-Algorithmus der Auswerteeinrichtung 14, ausgehend von dem Beschleunigungswert in z- Richtung und der Eigengeschwindigkeit des Fahrzeugs die Gurtkraft bzw. das Anzugsmoment, mit welchem ein reversibler Gurtstraffer 16' über die Ansteuereinrichtung 15 aktiviert werden soll, bestimmt. Zusätzlich besteht beispielsweise die Möglichkeit, elektrisch einstellbare Sitze 16" auf Basis des in der Auswerteeinrichtung generierten Auswertesignals 14' über die Ansteuereinrichtung 15 in ihrer Lage zu verstellen, um so die Insassen in eine günstige Sitzposition für einen Unfall zu bringen.The processing device 11 has an evaluation device 14, which detects signals 10 ', 12', 13 'L 5 of the corresponding detection or detection devices 10, 12, 13 and evaluates them by means of an algorithm. An evaluation signal 14 ′ is generated in the evaluation device 14 and is fed to a control device 15. The evaluation signal 14 'contains, for example, information which is passed on in the control device 15 in such a way that, for example, all reversible occupant protection devices 16, 16', 16 ", 16"'present in the vehicle via corresponding 10 control signals 15', 15 ", 15 '"are triggered or activated. However, the information in the evaluation signal 14 'in the control device 15' can also only control a reversible belt tensioner 16 'with a predetermined belt force via a control signal 15'. An electrical seat adjustment of the seats 16 "is actuated, for example, by the control signal 15" output by the control device 15 in order to ensure the occupants a safer seating position in the critical driving situation detected by the evaluation device 14. The control signal 15 '"of the control device 15 for activating the occupant protection device 16'" is an example of the actuation of further occupant protection devices, such as, for example, an electrically actuable sunroof or electrically actuated side windows, etc. Leaving the road at a very high speed meets an uneven surface. With the aid of the acceleration value in the z direction and the vehicle's own speed, which is detected by the detection devices 10, 12 and preferably 13, a critical driving situation is inferred in the evaluation device 14 if such a situation exists. The belt force or the tightening torque with which a reversible belt tensioner 16 ′ is to be activated via the control device 15 is preferably determined in the evaluation algorithm of the evaluation device 14, starting from the acceleration value in the z direction and the vehicle's own speed. In addition, there is the possibility, for example, of electrically adjustable seats based on 16 " to adjust the position of the evaluation signal 14 ′ generated in the evaluation device via the control device 15 in order to bring the occupants into a favorable sitting position for an accident.
In Figur 2 ist beispielhaft eine Kurvenschar dargestellt, welche die Gurtkraft in Prozent der von dem reversiblen Gurtstraffer 16' gemäß Figur 1 möglichen maximalen Gurtkraft in Abhängigkeit derFIG. 2 shows an example of a family of curves, which shows the belt force as a percentage of the maximum belt force possible as a function of the reversible belt tensioner 16 ′ according to FIG
Beschleunigung in z-Richtung 17 und der Eigengeschwindigkeit 18 wiedergibt. Aus einem solchen in einer Speichereinrichtung (nicht dargestellt) hinterlegten Datenfeld kann in der Auswerteeinrichtung 14 anhand des Beschleunigungswertes in z-Richtung 17 und der Eigengeschwindigkeit des Fahrzeugs 18, welche von den Erfassungseinrichtungen 10 und 12 detektiert werden, eine entsprechende Gurt- kraft für den Gurtstraffer 16' ermittelt werden, welcher über die Ansteuereinrichtung 15 mittels des Ansteuersignais 15' entsprechend aktiviert wird. Da die Eigengeschwindigkeit des Fahrzeugs eine wichtige Größe für Fahrzeugsysteme, wie ESP und ABS, ist, liegt diese Größe in aller Regel bereits vor und kann aus den Raddrehzahlen abgeschätzt werden. Bei modernen Fahrzeugen ist die Größe der Eigengeschwindigkeit über einen CAN-Bus zugänglich, und kann somit aus einem CAN-Bus-Signal extrahiert werden. Die Beschleunigung in z-Richtung kann mit einem Beschleunigungssensor gemessen werden, welcher beispielsweise in Airbag-Systemen mit Überroll-Erkennung vorgesehen ist.Acceleration in the z direction 17 and the own speed 18 reproduces. A corresponding belt force for the belt tensioner can be determined in the evaluation device 14 from such a data field stored in a memory device (not shown) on the basis of the acceleration value in the z direction 17 and the own speed of the vehicle 18, which are detected by the detection devices 10 and 12 16 'are determined, which is correspondingly activated via the control device 15 by means of the control signal 15'. Since the vehicle's own speed is an important parameter for vehicle systems such as ESP and ABS, this parameter is usually already available and can be estimated from the wheel speeds. In modern vehicles, the size of the airspeed is accessible via a CAN bus and can thus be extracted from a CAN bus signal. The acceleration in the z direction can be measured with an acceleration sensor which is provided, for example, in airbag systems with rollover detection.
Da es bei einer Fahrt auf unebener Straße auch zu Beschleunigungen in x- und/oder y-Richtung kommen kann, können Sensorsignale 13' von den x- und/oder y-Beschleunigungssensoren 13, vor- zugsweise für eine Plausibilisierung der Entscheidung zur Ansteuerung eines oder mehrerer reversibler Insassenschutzeinrichtungen oder Rückhaltemittel, verwendet werden.Since accelerations in the x and / or y direction can also occur when driving on an uneven road, sensor signals 13 ′ from the x and / or y acceleration sensors 13 can be used, preferably for plausibility checking of the decision to control a or several reversible occupant protection devices or restraint devices can be used.
Obwohl die vorliegende Erfindung vorstehend anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels beschrieben wurde, ist sie darauf nicht beschränkt, sondern auf vielfältige Weise modifizierbar. So ist zum einen die Auswahl der reversiblen Insassenschutzeinrichtungen exemplarisch und weitere Insassenschutzeinrichtungen auch alternativ zu den genannten sind einsetzbar. Darüber hinaus kann die Auswerteeinrichtung 14 und die Ansteuereinrichtung 15 in einem Modul integriert, jedoch auch baulich vollständig getrennt voneinander bereitgestellt werden. Schließlich ist die Kurvenschar gemäß Figur 2 zur Darstellung der Gurtkraft in Abhängigkeit der Beschleunigung in z-Richtung und der Eigengeschwindigkeit 18 des Fahrzeugs beispielhaft für einen Algorithmus in der Auswerteeinrichtung 14. Although the present invention has been described above on the basis of a preferred exemplary embodiment, it is not restricted thereto, but rather can be modified in many ways. On the one hand, the selection of the reversible occupant protection devices is exemplary and other occupant protection devices can also be used as an alternative to the named ones. In addition, the evaluation device 14 and the control device 15 can be integrated in one module, but can also be provided in a structurally completely separate manner. Finally, the family of curves according to FIG. 2 for representing the belt force as a function of the acceleration in the z direction and the vehicle's own speed 18 is exemplary of an algorithm in the evaluation device 14.

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE
1. Insassenschutzvorrichtung für ein Fahrzeug zur vorzeitigen Erkennung einer kritischen Fahrsituation mit: zumindest einer reversiblen Insassenschutzeinrichtung (16, 16', 16", 16'"); einer ersten Einrichtung (10) zum Erfassen der Geschwindigkeit des Fahrzeugs; einer zweiten Einrichtung (12) zum Erfassen der Beschleunigung des Fahrzeugs zumindest in einer zur Fahrebene senkrechten Richtung; einer Auswerteeinrichtung (14) zum Auswerten der erfaßten Geschwindigkeit und der erfaßten Beschleunigung und zum Ausgeben eines Auswertesignals (14') in Abhängigkeit von der Geschwindigkeit und der Beschleunigung des Fahrzeugs; und einer Ansteuereinrichtung (15) für den Fall, daß das Auswertesignal (14') einen Schwellen- wert, der eine kritische Fahrsituation anzeigt, überschreitet, ein Ansteuersignal (15', 15", 15'") zum Auslösen zumindest einer reversiblen Insassenschutzeinrichtung (16, 16', 16", 16'") ausgibt.1. Occupant protection device for a vehicle for the early detection of a critical driving situation with: at least one reversible occupant protection device (16, 16 ', 16 ", 16'"); a first device (10) for detecting the speed of the vehicle; a second device (12) for detecting the acceleration of the vehicle at least in a direction perpendicular to the driving plane; an evaluation device (14) for evaluating the detected speed and the detected acceleration and for outputting an evaluation signal (14 ') as a function of the speed and the acceleration of the vehicle; and a control device (15) in the event that the evaluation signal (14 ') exceeds a threshold value which indicates a critical driving situation, a control signal (15', 15 ", 15 '") for triggering at least one reversible occupant protection device ( 16, 16 ', 16 ", 16'") outputs.
2. Insassenschutzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine dritte Einrichtung (13) zum Erfassen einer Beschleunigung in horizontaler Richtung, d.h. in Richtung der Fahrebene, vorgesehen ist.2. Occupant protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that a third device (13) for detecting an acceleration in the horizontal direction, i.e. in the direction of the driving level.
3. Insassenschutzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zumindest eine reversible Insassenschutzeinrichtung (16, 16', 16", 16'") einen reversiblen Gurtstraffer (16') aufweist. 3. Occupant protection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one reversible occupant protection device (16, 16 ', 16 ", 16'") has a reversible belt tensioner (16 ').
4. Insassenschutzvorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Beschleunigungssensor (12), vorzugsweise zur Überrollerkennung, zum Messen der Beschleunigung in vertikaler Richtung vorgesehen ist.4. Occupant protection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an acceleration sensor (12), preferably for rollover detection, is provided for measuring the acceleration in the vertical direction.
5. Insassenschutzvorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zumindest eine Insassenschutzeinrichtung (16, 16', 16", 16'") ein elektrisch betätig- bares Schiebedach (16'") und/oder elektrisch betätigbare Sitze (16") und/oder elektrisch betätigbare Seitenscheiben (16'") aufweist.5. Occupant protection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one occupant protection device (16, 16 ', 16 ", 16'") is an electrically actuated sunroof (16 '") and / or electrically actuated seats (16" ) and / or electrically actuated side windows (16 '").
6. Verfahren zum Ansteuern einer Insassenschutzeinrichtung für ein Fahrzeug zur vorzeitigen Erkennung einer kritischen Fahrsituation, insbesondere mittels einer Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, mit den Schritten:6. A method for controlling an occupant protection device for a vehicle for the early detection of a critical driving situation, in particular by means of a device according to one of the preceding claims, with the steps:
(a) Erfassen der Geschwindigkeit des Fahrzeugs;(a) sensing the speed of the vehicle;
(b) Erfassen der Beschleunigung des Fahrzeugs zumindest in vertikaler Richtung;(b) detecting the acceleration of the vehicle at least in the vertical direction;
(c) Auswerten der erfaßten Geschwindigkeit und der erfaßten Beschleunigung;(c) evaluating the detected speed and the detected acceleration;
(d) Ausgeben eines Auswertesignals (14') in Abhängigkeit von der ausgewerteten Geschwindigkeit und Beschleunigung des Fahrzeugs;(d) outputting an evaluation signal (14 ') as a function of the evaluated speed and acceleration of the vehicle;
(e) Vergleichen der Amplitude des Auswertesignals (14') mit einem vorbestimmten Schwellenwert, bei deren Überschreiten eine kritische Fahrsituation vorliegt; und(e) comparing the amplitude of the evaluation signal (14 ') with a predetermined threshold value, beyond which a critical driving situation is present; and
(f) Ausgeben eines Ansteuersignais (15', 15", 15'") zur Ansteuerung einer reversiblen Insassen- Schutzeinrichtung (16, 16', 16", 16'"), falls die Amplitude des Auswertesignals (14') den Schwellenwert überschreitet.(f) Outputting a control signal (15 ', 15 ", 15'") for controlling a reversible occupant protection device (16, 16 ', 16 ", 16'") if the amplitude of the evaluation signal (14 ') exceeds the threshold value ,
7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als zumindest eine reversible Insassenschutzeinrichtung (16, 16', 16", 16'") zumindest ein reversibler Gurtstraffer (16') vorgesehen ist, wobei die Gurtkraft des reversiblen Gurtstraf- fers (16') in Abhängigkeit von dem Auswertesignals (14'), insbesondere kontinuierlich, eingestellt wird.7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that at least one reversible belt tensioner (16 ') is provided as at least one reversible occupant protection device (16, 16', 16 ", 16 '"), the belt force of the reversible belt tensioner fers (16 ') depending on the evaluation signal (14'), in particular continuously, is set.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Geschwindigkeit des Fahrzeugs aus den Raddrehzahlen ermittelt wird.8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the speed of the vehicle is determined from the wheel speeds.
9. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche 5 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine horizontale Beschleunigung erfaßt wird, deren Wert zur Ermittlung des Auswertesignals (14') berücksichtigt wird. 9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 5 to 9, characterized in that a horizontal acceleration is detected, the value of which is taken into account for determining the evaluation signal (14 ').
PCT/DE2004/001484 2003-07-25 2004-07-08 Passenger protection device for a vehicle, and method for triggering a passenger protection device for a vehicle for prematurely identifying a critical driving situation WO2005012047A1 (en)

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