WO2005010185A1 - Klf5遺伝子の発現を抑制するrna - Google Patents
Klf5遺伝子の発現を抑制するrna Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005010185A1 WO2005010185A1 PCT/JP2004/011223 JP2004011223W WO2005010185A1 WO 2005010185 A1 WO2005010185 A1 WO 2005010185A1 JP 2004011223 W JP2004011223 W JP 2004011223W WO 2005010185 A1 WO2005010185 A1 WO 2005010185A1
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- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/11—DNA or RNA fragments; Modified forms thereof; Non-coding nucleic acids having a biological activity
- C12N15/113—Non-coding nucleic acids modulating the expression of genes, e.g. antisense oligonucleotides; Antisense DNA or RNA; Triplex- forming oligonucleotides; Catalytic nucleic acids, e.g. ribozymes; Nucleic acids used in co-suppression or gene silencing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K48/00—Medicinal preparations containing genetic material which is inserted into cells of the living body to treat genetic diseases; Gene therapy
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- C12N2310/00—Structure or type of the nucleic acid
- C12N2310/10—Type of nucleic acid
- C12N2310/11—Antisense
- C12N2310/111—Antisense spanning the whole gene, or a large part of it
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- C12N2310/00—Structure or type of the nucleic acid
- C12N2310/10—Type of nucleic acid
- C12N2310/14—Type of nucleic acid interfering nucleic acids [NA]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to RNA that suppresses the expression of KLF5 gene.
- Kruppel-like factor (Kppel-like factor, abbreviated as Byeon KLF) Family 1 is a family of transcription factors characterized by the C-terminal zinc finger motif, KLF1, KLF2, KLF3, KLF4, KLF5, KLF6, KLF7, KLF8, KLF9, KLF10, KLF11 ⁇ KLF12, KLF13, Bandit 4, KLF15, KLF16 and the like are known.
- the KLF family is important for various tissues and cells, such as red blood cells, vascular endothelial cells, smooth muscle, skin, lymphocytes, etc., and cancer, cardiovascular disease, cirrhosis, and kidney disease. It has been reported that it plays an important role in the pathogenesis of various diseases such as immune diseases (J. Biol. Chem., 276, 34355-34358, 2001; Genome Biol., 4, 206, 2003).
- KLF5 of the KLF family is also called BTEB2 (basic transcriptional element binding protein 2) or IKLF (intestinal-enriched Kruppel-like factor).
- KLF5 expression in vascular smooth muscle is developmentally regulated, with high expression in fetal vascular smooth muscle, but absent in normal adult vascular smooth muscle.
- high expression of KLF5 is observed in the intima smooth muscle newly born after balloon catheter ablation, and KLF5 expression is also observed in the smooth muscle of arteriosclerotic and restenotic lesions (Circulation, 10> 2528). -2534, 2000).
- Vascular smooth muscle at lesion sites such as atherosclerotic lesions and restenosis sites after percutaneous coronary angioplasty is activated, showing muscle filament loss, increased protein synthesis, proliferative and migratory activities, and It is transformed to the same trait (fetal type) as vascular smooth muscle.
- myosin heavy chain SM1, SM2, and SMemb
- SM1 myosin heavy chain
- SM2 disappears during fetal transformation and SMemb expression is induced.
- KLF5 binds to the transcription control sequence of SMemb gene and activates its transcription (see Non-Patent Document 4).
- PDGF-A platelet-derived growth factor A chain
- TGF transforming growth factor
- VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor
- iNOS inducible nitric oxide synthase
- the KLF5 gene is a transcription factor not only involved in smooth muscle transformation but also widely involved in cardiovascular pathogenesis, and its gene expression level is extremely important for its functional expression. It is. Since KLF5 is involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases such as arteriosclerosis and cardiac hypertrophy, and diseases involving angiogenesis such as cancer, treatment of these diseases by suppressing the expression of KLF5 gene Alternatively, it is expected that the drug may be useful for prevention. However, at present, no drug that effectively suppresses the expression of the KLF family gene is known, whereas RNA interference (hereinafter referred to as RNAi) is the same as the target gene in C. elegans. It was reported that the expression of the target gene was specifically suppressed by introducing double-stranded RNA having a sequence (Nature, 391, 806-811, 1998).
- RNAi short interfering RNA (siRNA) (W01 / 75164).
- RNAi In RNAi, it has been reported that double-stranded RNA significantly suppresses the expression of target genes as compared with single-stranded antisense RNA (Nature, 391> 806-811, 1998; Mol. Cell, 10 , 549-561, 2002). In addition, it has been reported that single-stranded RNA that forms a hairpin structure due to intramolecular hybridization, instead of double-stranded RNA, exhibits RNAi similarly to siRNA (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 99> 6047-6052, 2002). -RNAi has been validated not only in vitro but also in in vivo tests.
- siRNAs of 50 bp or less in fetal animals TO 02/132788) and the effect in adult mice (W03 / 132788) 10180
- siRNA intravenously administered to a mouse fetus
- its expression-suppressing effect has been confirmed in kidney, spleen, lung, renal and liver organs (Nat. Genet. 32, 107-108, 2002).
- it has been reported that it works by directly administering siRNA to brain cells. ('Nat. Biotechnol., 0, 1006-1010, 2002)
- An object of the present invention is to find A that suppresses the expression of the KLF5 gene.
- Such RNAs inhibit the function of KLF5 as a transcription factor by suppressing the expression of the KLF5 gene. It can be used as a therapeutic or prophylactic agent with few side effects for diseases in which KLF5 is involved in the formation of pathological conditions such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer.
- RNA that suppresses the expression of the KLF5 gene including a sequence of 15 to 30 consecutive nucleotides of KLF5A and a sequence complementary to the sequence.
- the RNA is composed of 1 to 6 nucleotides at the 3 'end of each strand of a double-stranded RNA consisting of a continuous strand of 15 to 30 bases of KLF5 mRNA and a strand of a sequence complementary to the sequence.
- the RNA is composed of an RNA consisting of a continuous sequence of 15 to 30 nucleotides of KLF5 mRNA and an RNA consisting of a sequence complementary to the sequence, which are connected by a spacer oligonucleotide, and 1 to 6 at the 3 ′ end.
- RNA that forms a hairpin structure with the addition of nucleotides
- RNA that suppresses the expression of the KLF5 gene selected from the group consisting of the following (a ') to (c).
- RNA consisting of any one of SEQ ID NOs: 2 to 16 and an RNA consisting of a sequence complementary to the sequence are connected with two RNAs having a peridylic acid at the 5 ′ end, and 3 'At the end
- RNA that forms a hairpin structure with the addition of 2 to 4 peridylates.
- a method for suppressing the expression of the KLF5 gene in a cell by introducing the RNA according to any one of (1) to (5) or the vector according to (6) into the cell.
- a pharmaceutical composition comprising as an active ingredient the RNA according to any one of (1) to (5) or the vector according to (6).
- a pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting angiogenesis comprising, as an active ingredient, the RNA according to any one of (1) to (5) or the vector according to (6).
- a therapeutic or prophylactic agent for cardiovascular disease or cancer comprising as an active ingredient the A according to any one of (1) to (5) or the vector according to (6).
- RNA that expresses the RNA or A is an active ingredient of a therapeutic or prophylactic agent for atherosclerosis, restenosis after coronary artery disease, cardiovascular disease of cardiac hypertrophy, or cancer. Can be used as
- the RNA of the present invention comprises a sequence of 15 to 30 bases, preferably 17 to 25 bases, more preferably 19 to 23 bases of KLF5 mRNA (hereinafter referred to as “Robot sequence X”) and a sequence complementary to the sequence ( (Hereinafter referred to as the complementary sequence X '), and suppresses the expression of the KLF5 gene.
- Robot sequence X KLF5 mRNA
- complementary sequence X ' a sequence complementary to the sequence
- the RNA include (a) 1 to 6 at the 3 ′ end of each strand of a double-stranded RNA consisting of a strand of sequence X (sense strand) and a strand of complementary sequence X ′ (antisense strand).
- RNA having such a structure is referred to as siA
- siA which suppresses the expression of the KLF5 gene.
- B Sequence X And the RNA consisting of the complementary sequence X 'are connected by a spacer oligonucleotide to form a hairpin structure having 1 to 6, preferably 2 to 4 nucleotides added to the 3' end.
- shRNA which is an RNA that suppresses the expression of the KLF5 gene.
- the nucleotide base to be added to these RNAs may be guanine, adenine, cytosine, thymine, or peracil, and may be RNA or DNA, but preferably peridylic acid (U) or deoxythymidylic acid (dT).
- the oligonucleotide of the spacer is preferably RNA of 6 to 12 bases, and the sequence at the 5 ′ end thereof is preferably 2 U.
- an RNA consisting of the sequence of UUCAAGAGA can be mentioned.
- the order of the two RNAs connected by the spacer oligonucleotide may be either 5 ′.
- the sequence X may be any sequence as long as it is a sequence of 15 to 30 bases, preferably 17 to 25 bases, more preferably 19 to 23 bases of KLF5 mRNA, but is described in the following (1).
- the sequence of 19 bases designed by the above method is most preferable.
- RNA having the above structure that suppresses the expression of the KLF5 gene is included in the RNA of the present invention.
- the RNA of the present invention can be obtained by introducing the RNA having the above structure into cells expressing the KLF5 gene, measuring the expression of the KLF5 gene, and selecting an RM that suppresses the expression of the KLF5 gene.
- the sequence is preferably a sequence within the coding region and a sequence that is at least 75 bases downstream from the start codon.
- Information on the nucleotide sequence of KLF5 cDNA can be obtained from a nucleotide sequence database such as GenBank.
- GenBank accession number accession number
- NMJ09769 (SEQ ID NO: 49) and human KLF5 cDNA is GenBank accession number AF287272 (SEQ ID NO: 50), and the sequence information can be obtained.
- RNA can be prepared as follows. In the following, the case of two U or dT is described as an oligonucleotide to be added, but the case of other nucleotides can be similarly prepared.
- RNA consisting of a sequence with two U or dT added to the 3 'end of sequence X and RNA consisting of a sequence with two U or dT added to the 3' end of complementary sequence X ' Prepare. These two RNAs can be prepared by chemical synthesis or in vitro transcription. Chemical synthesis can be performed using a DNA synthesizer. It is also possible to request chemical synthesis from manufacturers such as Ambion, Nippon Bioservices Co., Ltd. and QIAGEN.
- a double-stranded RNA can be prepared by adding two U or dT to the RNA. The cleaning can be performed by heating the two RNAs in an appropriate buffer at 90 to 95 ° C for 1 to 5 minutes, and then cooling to room temperature over 45 to 60 minutes.
- RNA by in vitro transcription can be performed as follows. First, (i) DNA (T7 primer 1) having the promoter sequence of T7 RNA polymerase, (ii) U of complementary sequence X 'is changed to T, and two A's are added at the 5' end. A DNA having a sequence complementary to the 8 bases at the 3 'end of the T7 primer at the 3' end, (ii i) changing U of sequence X to T, and adding 2 at the 5 'end DNA having a sequence in which a sequence complementary to 8 bases at the 3 ′ end of the T7 primer has been added at the 3 ′ end.
- the DNA After annealing the T7 primer and the DNA of (ii), the DNA is converted into double-stranded DNA by MA polymerase reaction. Using the obtained double-stranded DNA as type III, two U's are added to the 3 'end of sequence X and a leader is RNA having a sequence to which a sequence has been added can be synthesized. Similarly, by performing the same reaction using the T7 primer and the DNA of (iii), two U's are added to the 3 'end of the complementary sequence X', and a leader sequence is added to 5 '. Can be synthesized.
- RNAs containing sequences complementary to each other are annealed. Thereafter, the type II double-stranded DNA and the leader sequence at the 5 ′ side of each RNA strand are decomposed and removed by deoxyribonuclease and ribonuclease specific to single-stranded RNA. The two Us at the 3 'end of each RNA strand remain attached without undergoing degradation.
- the above reaction can be performed using a kit such as a silencer-siRNA preparation kit (Silencer siRNA Construction Kit, manufactured by Ambion).
- DNA to be annealed with T7 primer can be chemically synthesized using a DNA synthesizer. It is also possible to request chemical synthesis from manufacturers such as Ambion, Japan Bioservices, Hokkaido System Science, and Qiagen.
- RNA comprising the sequence X and the RNA comprising the complementary sequence X ′ are connected by a spacer oligonucleotide to form a hairpin structure having 1 to 6, preferably 2 to 4 nucleotides added to the 3 ′ end.
- the RNA to be formed can be prepared by chemical synthesis using a DNA synthesizer. Also, by introducing the siRNA expression vector described later in Section 2 into cells, shRNA is synthesized in the cells. This shRNA is converted into siRNA inside the cell.
- the siRM or shRM prepared in (2) is introduced into a cell line expressing the KLF5 gene.
- a cell line use a cell of the same animal species as the KLF5 cDNA used for designing the sequence X in (1).
- Cell lines expressing the KLF5 gene include cell lines derived from smooth muscle, fibroblasts or vascular endothelial cells, such as mouse embryonic fibroblast cell line C3IV10T1 / 2 (ATCC No .: CCL-226), human umbilical cord vascular endothelium Cells and the like.
- RNA is introduced into animal cells using transfection reagents such as Polyfect Transfection Reagent (Qiagen), TransMessenger Transfection Reagent, and Oligofectamine Reagent (Impitro). These reagents are mixed with RNA using Lipofectamine 2000 (manufactured by Invitrogen), etc. to form a complex, and then added to cells. Can be.
- the expression of the KLF5 gene in cells into which the RNA of the present invention or the siRNA expression vector described in 2. has been introduced can be analyzed by RT-PCR.
- Total RNA is prepared from cells into which RNA or siRNA expression vectors have been introduced and cells into which it has not been introduced, and cDNA is synthesized from this RNA.
- the KLF5 gene expression level was determined by converting the synthesized cDNA into type I, performing PCR using primers specific to the KLF5 gene, and quantifying the amount of amplification product derived from the KLF5 cDNA by agarose gel electrophoresis. Can be measured.
- the thus selected RNA that suppresses the expression of the KLF5 gene includes that of a double-stranded RNA consisting of a strand of any one of SEQ ID NOS: 2 to 11 and a strand complementary to the sequence.
- a double-stranded RNA in which two perilidylic acids have been added to the 3 'end of its strand.
- the RNA is designed based on the sequence of mouse cDNA and suppresses the expression of mouse KLF5 gene.
- the sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 4, 8 and 10 are sequences common to mouse and human KLF5 mRNAs, respectively, so that the strands of any one of SEQ ID NOs: 4, 8 and 10 are used.
- the double-stranded RNA having two peridylates added to the 3 'end of each strand of a double-stranded RNA consisting of a strand having a sequence complementary to this sequence is not only a mouse KLF5 gene but also a human KLF5. It also suppresses gene expression.
- a double-stranded RNA comprising a strand of any one of SEQ ID NOs: 2, 3, 7, 9 and 11 based on the sequence of mouse KLF5 cDNA and a strand of a sequence complementary to the sequence.
- Double-stranded RNA with two peridylic acids added to the 3 'end of the 3'-chain suppresses the expression of the mouse KLF5 gene.
- any of SEQ ID NOS: 12 to 16 which is the corresponding sequence in human KLF5 cDNA
- a double-stranded RNA consisting of one sequence and a sequence complementary to the sequence has two perilidylic acids added to the 3 'end of each strand. Is considered to be suppressed.
- RNA By introducing a plasmid vector that expresses RNA that suppresses the expression of the KLF5 gene into cultured cells or cells in a living body, the RNA is produced in the cell and the expression of the KLF5 gene in the introduced cell is suppressed. can do.
- the vector is selected in step 1 below the promoter of a siHNA expression vector such as a plasmid vector for animal cells containing a promoter of RNA polymerase III such as U6 Promoter or HI Promoter.
- the sequence X and its complementary sequence X ' are linked by two T's at the 5' end with a spacer sequence, and at the 3 'end an RNA polymerase III It can be prepared by inserting DNA containing a sequence consisting of 4 to 6 Ts, which will be one after one minute and one after one minute (hereinafter referred to as KLF5 siRNA DNA).
- the spacer sequence is preferably a sequence of 6 to 12 bases having two Ts at the 5 'end, and examples thereof include TTCAAGAGA. Either of the sequence X and the complementary sequence ⁇ may be on the 5 ′ side.
- pSilencer 1.0-U6 manufactured by Ambion
- pSilencer 3.0 manufactured by Ambion
- pSUPER manufactured by OligoEngine
- SIREN-DNR BD BioScience
- shRNA described in 1. (1) was synthesized by the RNA polymerase II I reaction from U6 Promo overnight. This shRNA is cleaved in the cell and converted into siRNA.
- the introduction of the recombinant vector into cells is carried out in the same manner as the introduction of vectors into normal animal cells, by the calcium phosphate method (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-227075) and the lipofection method (Pro Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 84, 7413-7417, 1987).
- a vector for expressing siRNA using a virus vector such as a retrovirus vector, a lentivirus vector, an adenovirus vector, or the like can also be used.
- virus vector such as a retrovirus vector, a lentivirus vector, an adenovirus vector, or the like
- vectors for siRNA expression using the virus vector include pSUPER.retro (manufactured by Oligo Engine), pSIREN-RetroQ (manufactured by BD Biosciences Clontech), and literature (Pro Natl ' Acad. Sci USA, 100. 1844-1848, 2003; Nat. Genet., 33, 401-406, 2003). Wear.
- the recombinant vector prepared by inserting the same KLF5 siRNA DNA into the siRNA expression vector using a viral vector as described above is introduced into a packaging cell corresponding to the virus vector used.
- a recombinant virus containing the recombinant vector is produced.
- the introduction of the recombinant vector into the packaging cells can be carried out by the calcium phosphate method, the lipofection method or the like in the same manner as described above.
- the recombinant vector is introduced into the cells, and the shRNA described in 1. (1) is synthesized.
- the shRNA is cleaved intracellularly and KLF5 It is converted to siRNA that suppresses gene expression.
- KLF5 activates the expression of various genes as transcription factors.
- Genes whose transcription is activated by KLF5 include genes such as SMemb, PDGF-A, TGF- ?, VEGF receptor Yuichi, PAI-1, and Egr-1.
- RNA that suppresses the expression of KLF5 gene can be applied to various cells and examining changes in the characteristics of the cells and changes in the expression levels of various genes.
- the RNA can suppress the expression of the KLF5 gene in animals at various stages of development from the fetus to the adult, it becomes possible to elucidate the function of KLF5, which cannot be understood only by analyzing heterozygous mice. 4.
- RNA that specifically suppresses the expression of the KLF5 gene of the present invention or a vector that expresses the RNA By administering an RNA that specifically suppresses the expression of the KLF5 gene of the present invention or a vector that expresses the RNA, the expression of KLF5 and a gene that activates transcription by KLF5 is suppressed, and smooth muscle is expressed. Since the proliferation and angiogenesis are inhibited, cardiovascular diseases such as arteriosclerosis, restenosis after coronary artery implantation, and cardiac hypertrophy, or cancer can be treated or prevented.
- RNA of the present invention or a vector expressing the RNA when used as a pharmaceutical, it can be administered alone, but it is usually a pharmacologically acceptable additive (eg, a carrier, an excipient). (Formulations, diluents, etc.), stabilizers or pharmaceutically necessary ingredients, and provided as a pharmaceutical preparation produced by any method well-known in the technical field of pharmaceutics.
- a pharmacologically acceptable additive eg, a carrier, an excipient.
- diluents, etc. stabilizers or pharmaceutically necessary ingredients, and provided as a pharmaceutical preparation produced by any method well-known in the technical field of pharmaceutics.
- a virus vector it is desirable to administer the virus vector in the form of a recombinant virus.
- parenteral or oral administration such as oral, respiratory, rectal, subcutaneous, intramuscular and intravenous administration.
- Desirable examples include intravenous administration and intramuscular administration.
- Formulations suitable for intravenous or intramuscular administration include injections.
- the carrier may be, for example, ice, ethyl alcohol, macrogol, or propylene.
- Diluents such as glycol, citrate, acetic acid, phosphoric acid, lactic acid, sodium lactate, sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide; sodium citrate, sodium acetate and sodium phosphate; pH adjusters and buffers such as sodium chloride; sodium pyrosulfite And stabilizers such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, thioglycolic acid and thiolactic acid.
- a sufficient amount of salt, pudose, mannitol or glycerin for preparing an isotonic solution may be included in the pharmaceutical preparation.
- the stabilizing agent include monosaccharides such as glucose, disaccharides such as saccharose and maltose, sugar alcohols such as mannitol and sorbitol, neutral salts such as sodium chloride, amino acids such as glycine, and polyethylene.
- examples thereof include nonionic surfactants such as glycol, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene copolymer (pluronic), and polyoxyethylene sorbin fatty acid ester (tween), and human albumin.
- the RNA of the present invention or a vector expressing the RNA may be prepared and used as a liposome containing the RNA or vector in order to promote the uptake into cells.
- FIG. 1 shows the suppression of KLF5 gene expression by KLF5 gene-specific siRNA. From the left, 'lOObp Ma-Richi, cells without siRNA, SEAP-siRNA, siRNA No.2, siRNA No.3, siRNA No.4, siRNA No.5, siRNA No.6 In the measurement by PCR on the isolated cells, KLF5 indicates the position of the amplification product derived from KLF5 mRNA, and 18S indicates the position of the amplification product derived from 18S rRNA.
- Fig. 2 shows the suppression of KLF5 gene expression by KLF5 gene-specific siioA. From left to right, lOObp Maichichi, cells without siRNA, SEAP-siRNA, siRNA No. 7, siRNA No.
- siRNA No. 9 indicates the position of an amplification product derived from KLF5 mRNA
- siRNA No. 4 KLF5 indicates the position of an amplification product derived from KLF5 mRNA
- 18S indicates the position of an amplification product derived from 18S rRNA, as measured by PCR in cells into which siRNA No. 1 has been introduced.
- FIG. 3 shows suppression of PDGF-A gene expression by siRNA specific to the KLF5 gene. From left to right, lOObp information, cells without siRNA, SEAP-siRNA, siRNA No. 7, siRNA No. 8, siRNA No. 9, siNA No. 10, siRNA No. 11, siRNA No. 4. As measured by PCR in cells into which siRNA No. 1 has been introduced, PDGF-A indicates the position of an amplification product derived from PDGF-A mRNA, and 18S indicates the position of an amplification product derived from 18S rRNA.
- Fig. 4 Suppression of SMemb gene expression by siRNA specific to KLF5 gene. From the left, lOObp marker, cells without siRNA, SEAP-siRNA, siRNA No. 7, siRNA No. 8, siRNA No. 9, siRNA No. 10, siRNA No. 11, siRNA No. 4, siRNA No.
- SMemb indicates the position of an amplification product derived from SMemb mRNA
- 18S indicates the position of an amplification product derived from 18S rRNA.
- FIG. 5 shows that siRNA specific to the KLF5 gene does not suppress SRF gene expression.
- SEAP-siRNA siRNA No. 1, siRNA No. 4, siRNA No. 7, siRNA No. 9, and siRNA No. 10
- SRF indicates the position of an amplification product derived from SRF mRNA
- 18S indicates the position of an amplification product derived from 18S rRNA.
- FIG. 6 shows suppression of human KLF5 gene expression by siRNA No. 4. From the left, PCR was performed on lOObp markers, cells without siRNA, SEAP-siRNA, and cells into which siRNA No. 4 had been introduced.KLF was the amplification product derived from KLF5 mRNA, 18S Indicates the position of the amplification product derived from 18S rRNA.
- FIG. 7 shows the inhibition of migration of vascular endothelial cells by siRNA No. 4.
- the horizontal axis indicates time (hours), the vertical axis indicates the number of cells that migrated, and the graph indicates the results of cells into which siRNA No. 4 was introduced, and the symbol ⁇ indicates the results of cells into which SEAP-siRNA was introduced.
- -Errano One is the standard deviation of four cases.
- FIG. 8 shows the antitumor effect of siRNA No. 4.
- the horizontal axis represents time (days), the vertical axis represents tumor volume (mm 3 ), and the tumor volume of mice to which KLF5 siRNA Nos. And 4 were administered, and the garden represents the tumor volume of mice to which SEAP-siRNA was administered.
- the sequence of siRNA that can suppress the expression of the KLF5 gene is (a) a 21-base sequence starting with AA, and (b) a GC content of 20. Eleven subsequences were selected that met the two conditions of ⁇ 80%. However, it is a sequence within the coding region (sequences at positions 167 to 1507) that is at least 75 bases downstream from the start codon (sequences at positions 167 to 169 of SEQ ID NO: 49) and has a GC content of 40 to 60%. I chose the best thing. Table 1 shows the position and GC content of the selected sequence in SEQ ID NO: 49. Sequences obtained by changing T to U in a 19-base sequence excluding the AA at the 5 'end of the selected sequence are shown in SEQ ID NOS: 1 to 11, respectively.
- siRNA No. l to No. 11 11 types of double-stranded RNA consisting of any of SEQ ID NOS: 1 to 11 and a sequence complementary to the sequence and having two U or dT added to the 3 ′ end (hereinafter referred to as siRNA No. l to No. 11) were prepared as follows. The sequences of siRNA No. 1 to No. 11 and their sense and antisense strands are shown in Table 1 (SEQ ID NOS: 17 to 38). siRNA No. 1 was prepared by chemically synthesizing two RNAs consisting of the sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 17 and 18 by requesting Nippon Bioservice Co., Ltd., and performing annealing. siRNA Nos.
- silencer-siRNA preparation kit Silencer TM siRNA Construction Kit, Ambion
- SEAP secreted alkaline phosphatase
- mice fetal fibroblast cell line C3H / 10T1 / 2 available from American 'type' culture-collection (ATCC). ATCC number: CCL-226), 4 x 10 5 cells / well 'Plating was performed on a plate (manufactured by Koningu). 1. Add 10 ⁇ L of intracellular transfection reagent polyfect (polyfectR, Qiagen) to each of the 5 gC siRNA No. 2, No. 3, No. 4, No. 5, No. 6, and SEAP-siRNA. After mixing at room temperature for 5 to 10 minutes, the mixture was added to each well. In 5% C0 2 present under 37 C and 72 hours of incubation 48 hours to introduce it it it siRNA into the cell.
- polyfectR intracellular transfection reagent polyfect
- QIA shredder QIAshredder, Qiagen
- RNeasy total RNA purification kit RNeasy
- RNA solution for RNA 1.0 ⁇ g
- 5's buffer 2.5 u 0.1 mol / L dithiothreitol (DTT) 2.0 JUL 20 mmol / L dNTP (Roche) 1.0 j50 ⁇ mol / L Random Primer (Takara Shuzo Co., Ltd.) 2.0 zL
- Nuclease-ase inhibitor Superase'-in SUPERase-In, Ambion
- PowerScript PowerScript Reverse Transcriptase
- the extension reaction was carried out for 28 cycles, with the elongation reaction being performed at 72 ° C for 40 seconds as one cycle, followed by holding at 72 ° C for 10 minutes.
- As the 10 XPCR buffer the one attached to the hot polymerase DNA polymerase was used.
- An amplification product (161 bp) derived from KLF5 mA was detected by 0.8% agarose gel electrophoresis of the solution after the reaction, and compared with the amount of the amplification product in cells into which siRNA had not been introduced.
- An amplification product (488 bp) derived from 18S rRNA was used as an internal standard.
- control SEAP-siRNA did not inhibit the expression of KLF5 gene
- siRNA No. 2, No. 3, No. 4, No. 4 specific to KLF5 gene. 5 and No. 6 were confirmed to suppress the expression of the KLF5 gene.
- siRNA No. 3 and siRNA No. 4 strongly suppressed the expression of KLF5 gene.
- siRNA No. 1, No. 4, No. 7, No. 8, No. 9, No. 10 and No. 11 as siRNA specific to the KLF5 gene
- ⁇ C3iVlOTl / 2 cells were transfected with siRNA and the expression of KLF5 gene was analyzed by RT-PCR.
- control SEAP-siRNA did not inhibit the expression of KLF5 gene
- siRNA No. 4, No. 7, No. 8, Nos. 9, 10, and 11 were confirmed to suppress the expression of the KLF5 gene.
- siRNA No. 4, siRNA No. 7, siRNA No. 9, and siRNA No. 10 strongly suppressed the expression of KLF5 gene.
- siRNA No. 1 showed no suppression.
- Example 2 KLF5 gene-specific siRNA suppresses expression of genes whose transcription is activated by KLF5
- siRNA No. 1, No. 4, No. 7, No. 8, No. 9, No. 10 and No. 11 as siRNA specific to the KLF5 gene into C3H 0T1 / 2 cells, and RT-PCR Analyzed the expression of the PDGF-A gene, a gene whose transcription is activated by KLF5.
- siRNA was introduced into C3H / 10T1 / 2 cells, and cDNA was prepared.
- Two DNAs consisting of the sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 43 and 44 were chemically synthesized, and used as a PDGF-A gene-specific forward primer and a reverse primer, respectively.
- a 403 bp fragment is amplified from PDGF-A cDNA.
- Similar to the KLF5 gene expression analysis of Example 1 (2) except that the PDGF-A gene-specific forward primer and reverse primer are used in place of the KLF5 gene-specific forward primer and reverse primer. Then, the expression of the PDGF-A gene was analyzed.
- one cycle consists of holding the PCR reaction solution at 95 ° C for 15 minutes, heat denaturation at 94 ° C for 30 seconds, annealing at 53 ° C for 30 seconds, and extension reaction at 72 ° C for 40 seconds.
- the electrophoresis was performed under the conditions of holding at 72 PC for 10 minutes, and electrophoresis was performed with 1% agarose per gel.
- siRNA No. 4 did not inhibit the expression of PDGF-A gene
- siRNA No. 7, No. 8, No. 9, No. 10, and No. 11 were also confirmed to suppress the expression of PDGF-A gene, a gene whose transcription is activated by KLF5.
- siRNA No. 4 siRNA No. 7, siRNA No. 9 and siRNA No. 10 strongly suppressed the expression of PDGF-A gene.
- siRNA No. 1 showed no suppression.
- siRNA No. 1, No. 4, No. 7, No. 8, No. 9, No. 10 and No. 11 were introduced into C3H80T1 / 2 cells, and RT-
- the expression of the SMemb gene, a gene whose transcription is activated by KLF5 was analyzed by PCR.
- siRNA was introduced into C3H / 10T1 / 2 cells, and cDNA was prepared.
- Two DNAs consisting of the sequences of SEQ ID NOS: 45 and 46 were chemically synthesized, which were designated as SMemb gene-specific forward primer and reverse primer, respectively.
- SMemb gene-specific forward primer and reverse primer were chemically synthesized, which were designated as SMemb gene-specific forward primer and reverse primer, respectively.
- Primer-based PCR amplifies a 235 bp fragment from SMemb cDNA.
- the SMemb gene-specific forward and reverse primers were used in place of the KLF5 gene-specific forward and reverse primers, and the SMemb gene expression analysis was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 (2). Gene expression was analyzed.
- siRNA No. 4 As shown in FIG. 4, the control SEAP-siRNA did not inhibit the expression of the SMemb gene, whereas the siRNA No. 4, No. 7, No. 8, No. 8 specific to the KLF5 gene. 9, No. 10 and No. 11 were also confirmed to suppress the expression of SMemb gene, a gene whose transcription is activated by KLF5. Among them, siRNA No. 4, siRNA No. ⁇ , siRNA No. 9 and siRNA No. 10 strongly suppressed the expression of SMemb gene. Despite being specific for the KLF5 gene, siRNA No. 1 showed no suppression.
- siRNA specific to the KLF5 gene was transferred to C3H80T1 / 2 cells And verified by analyzing the expression of serum response factor (SRF) gene by RT-PCR.
- SRF gene is a transcription factor gene that is frequently expressed in smooth muscle cells, and is not a gene whose transcription is activated by KLF5.
- siRNA No. 1, No. 4, No. 7, No. 9 and No. 10 as siRNA specific to the KLF5 gene, the siRNA was converted to C3H / 10T1 / in the same manner as in Example 1 (2). After introduction into two cells, gene expression was analyzed by RT-PCR. Two DNAs consisting of the sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 47 and 48 were chemically synthesized, and used as a forward primer and a reverse primer specific to the SRF gene. PCR using these primers amplifies a 519 bp fragment from the SRF cDNA.
- SRF gene-specific forward primer and reverse primer in place of the KLF5 gene-specific forward primer and reverse primer, in the same manner as in the KLF5 gene expression analysis of Example 1 (2), The expression of SRF gene was analyzed. However, for PCR, after holding the PCR reaction solution at 95 ° C for 15 minutes, one cycle consisting of a reaction consisting of 30 ° C at 94 ° C for 30 seconds, 30 seconds at 53 ° C for annealing, and 40 seconds at 72 ° C for elongation reaction 26 cycles were carried out, and then the conditions were maintained at 72 ° C. for 10 minutes, and electrophoresis was carried out on a 1.2% agarose gel.
- siRNA No. 1 As shown in FIG. 5, in all of siRNA No. 1, siRNA No. 4, No. 7, No. 9 and No. 10 specific to the KLF5 gene, the SRF gene was similar to the control SEAP-siRNA. Was not suppressed. Therefore, it is clear that siRNA specific to the KLF5 gene not specifically suppresses the expression of the entire gene, but also specifically suppresses the expression of the KLF5 gene and genes that are activated by KLF.
- the siRNA No. 4 prepared in Example 1 has the nucleotide sequence of mouse KLF5 cDNA (SEQ ID NO: 49). It is a siRNA based on the sequence from position 1303 to 1323 (AAAAGCTCACCTGAGGACTCA), and strongly suppressed the expression of mouse KLF5 gene in C3H / 10T1 / 2 cells. However, since this sequence of AAAAGCTCACCTGAGGACTCA is also present at nucleotides 1481 to 1501 of the nucleotide sequence of human KLF5 c-ring A (SEQ ID NO: 50), siRNA No. 4 suppresses not only expression of the KLF5 gene in mice but also in humans It is expected. As described below, it was confirmed that siRNA No. 4 also strongly suppressed the expression of the human KLF5 gene.
- Human umbilical vein vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC, source: Sanko Junyaku, product number: CC-2517) were seeded on a 6 cm dish (Koning Co., Ltd.) so as to have approximately 3 ⁇ 10 5 cells.
- 200 pmol of siRNA No. ⁇ 4 and SEAP-siRNA and 10 ⁇ L of intracellular transfection reagent (Ribofectamine 2000, manufactured by Invitrogen) are added and mixed, and the mixture is kept at room temperature for 20 minutes. Added to each dish. The cells were incubated at 37 ° C. for 24 hours in the presence of 5% CO 2 to introduce the respective siRNA into the cells.
- RNA was isolated from cells by the same method as described in Example 1 (2), and the suppression of human KLF5 gene expression by RT-PCR was examined.
- KLF gene-specific forward primer and reverse primer DNAs comprising the sequences of SEQ ID NOS: 41 and 42 used in Example 1 were used.
- PCR using these primers a 161 bp fragment corresponding to the 1446 to 1606 sequence of SEQ ID NO: 50 is amplified from human KLF5 cDNA.
- An amplification product (161 bp) derived from KLF5 mRNA was detected by 0.8% agarose gel electrophoresis of the solution after the reaction, and compared with the amount of the amplification product in cells into which siRNA had not been introduced.
- siRNA No. 4 can strongly suppress not only the expression of the mouse KLF5 gene but also the expression of the human KLF5 gene.
- Table 2 shows that in the siRNA Nos. 2 to 4 and 7 to 11 in which the expression of the mouse KLF5 gene was suppressed in Example 1, the 21-base sequence on the designed mouse KLF5 cDNA and the The position, the 21-base sequence on the human cDNA corresponding to the mouse sequence, the position in SEQ ID NO: 50, and the sequence number representing the RNA sequence excluding the AA at the 5 'end from the human sequence are shown. Since siRNA Nos. 5 and 6 are based on the sequence of the non-coding region, the corresponding human sequence is not shown. Double-stranded RNAs based on these human sequences are also considered to suppress the expression of the human KLF5 gene. SiRNA Nos.
- AAAAGCTCACCTGAGGACTCA 1303-1323 AAAAGCTCACCTGAGGACTCA 1481-1501 4
- Human umbilical vein vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC, source: Sanko Junyaku, product number: CC-2517) were seeded on a 6 cm dish (Koning Co., Ltd.) so as to have approximately 3 ⁇ 10 5 cells. After adding 10 / L intracellular transfection reagent (LipoFectamine 2000, manufactured by Invitrogen) to 200 pmol of siRNA No. 4 and control SEAP-siRNA, each mixture was mixed and incubated at room temperature for 20 minutes. The whole amount was added to the dish. In 5% C0 2 present under 37 ° C for 18 hours I Nkyu Bae Shiyon, it was introduced siRNA.
- L intracellular transfection reagent LipoFectamine 2000, manufactured by Invitrogen
- the cells were fluorescently labeled with 5 g / mL of a fluorescent dye for live cell staining (Rikisin AM, manufactured by Dojin Chemical Co., Ltd.).
- a fluorescent dye for live cell staining (Rikisin AM, manufactured by Dojin Chemical Co., Ltd.).
- the obtained fluorescent-labeled cells are detached with trypsin, washed, and resuspended in a vascular endothelial cell base medium (EBM-2, Sanko Junyaku) to a cell concentration of 5 x 10 5 cells / mL. It became cloudy. !
- the fluorescent labeling cell suspension is placed on the insert side.
- ⁇ L, and 600 ⁇ L of vascular endothelial cell growth medium (Bretto kit EGM-2, Sanko Junyaku) containing 10 ng / mL human VEGF (manufactured by R & D Systems) on the 24-well plate side was added.
- Matrigel mixture was prepared by adding 0.5 ml (5 mg) of Matrigel matrix (manufactured by BD Biosciences) to mouse VEGF (manufactured by R & D Systems Inc., Log No. 493-MV, 0.6 jg). 0.6 g of sibasic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF, manufactured by R & D Systems, catalog No. 133-FB) and 10 g of siRNA No. were added, and the mixture was mixed by pitting on ice. As a control, a Matrigel mixture using SEAP-siRNA instead of siRNA No. 4 was also prepared. The prepared Matrigel mixture was injected subcutaneously on the back of 6-week-old male C57BL / 6 mice.
- Matrigel matrix manufactured by & D Systems Inc., Log No. 493-MV, 0.6 jg
- sibasic fibroblast growth factor bFGF, manufactured by R & D Systems, catalog No. 133-FB
- siRNA No. sibasic fibroblast
- the gelled Matrigel was removed.
- the removed Matrigel was washed once with PBS and fixed with a 10% formaldehyde-PBS solution.
- the fixed Matrigel was cut to a thickness of 5 mm, embedded in paraffin, sectioned using a normal histological technique, and stained with hematoxylin resin. The stained Matrigel sections were observed under a microscope.
- Tumor volume (thigh 3 ) ⁇ tumor length (thigh) X tumor width (maraud) 2 ⁇ / 2
- the tumor volume of mice to which control SEAP-siRNA was administered increased from the start of administration, whereas the mice to which siRNA No. 4 was administered
- the increase in tumor volume was suppressed from day 1 after administration. Therefore, it was confirmed that the siRNA that suppresses the expression of the KLF5 gene has an antitumor effect in vivo, and can suppress tumor growth by administration.
- SEQ ID NO: 11 Inventor: Ryozo Nagai; Ichiro Manabe; Jun Ishihara
- SEQ ID NO: 17 siRNA No. 1 sense strand
- SEQ ID NO: 18 siRNA No. 1 antisense strand
- SEQ ID NO: 19 siRNA No. 2 sense strand
- SEQ ID NO: 20 siRNA No. 2 antisense strand
- SEQ ID NO: 21 siRNA No. 3 sense strand.
- SEQ ID NO: 22 siRNA No. 3 antisense strand
- SEQ ID NO: 23 siRNA No. Sense strand
- SEQ ID NO: 24 siRNA No. 4 antisense strand
- SEQ ID NO: 25 siRNA No. 5 sense strand
- SEQ ID NO: 26 siRNA No. 5 antisense strand ''
- SEQ ID NO: 27 siRNA No. 6 Sense strand
- SEQ ID NO: 28 si A No. 6 Antisense strand
- SEQ ID NO: 29 siRNA No. 7 Sense strand
- SEQ ID NO: 30 siRNA No. 7 antisense strand
- SEQ ID NO: 32 siRNA No. 8 antisense strand
- SEQ ID NO: 33 siRNA No. 9 sense strand
- SEQ ID NO: 34 siRNA No. 9 antisense strand
- SEQ ID NO: 35 siRNA No. 10 sense strand
- SEQ ID NO: 36 siRNA No. 10 antisense strand
- SEQ ID NO: 37 siRNA ⁇ , ⁇ . 11 sense strand
- SEQ ID NO: 39 siRNA-SEAP sense strand
- SEQ ID NO: 40 siRNA-SEAP antisense strand
- SEQ ID NO: 41 KLF5 gene-specific primer
- SEQ ID NO: 42 Reverse primer specific for KLF5 gene
- SEQ ID NO: 44 Reverse braimer specific to PDGF-A gene
- SEQ ID NO: 45 SEQ ID NO: 45—SMemb gene-specific forward primer
- SEQ ID NO: 46 SMemb gene-specific reverse primer
- SEQ ID NO: 47 SRF gene-specific forward primer
- SEQ ID NO: 48 SRF gene-specific reverse primer
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/565,997 US20070275917A1 (en) | 2003-07-29 | 2004-07-29 | Rna Capable of Suppressing Expression of Klf5 Gene |
| EP04771250A EP1652917A4 (en) | 2003-07-29 | 2004-07-29 | FOR INHIBITING THE EXPRESSION OF THE KLF5 GENE ABLE RNA |
| JP2005512128A JPWO2005010185A1 (ja) | 2003-07-29 | 2004-07-29 | Klf5遺伝子の発現を抑制するrna |
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| JP2003-202863 | 2003-07-29 | ||
| JP2003202863 | 2003-07-29 | ||
| JP2004075115A JP2006180710A (ja) | 2003-07-29 | 2004-03-16 | Klf5遺伝子の発現を抑制するrna |
| JP2004-075115 | 2004-03-16 |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20070275917A1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1652917A4 (ja) |
| JP (2) | JP2006180710A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2005010185A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006080118A1 (ja) * | 2005-01-28 | 2006-08-03 | Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd. | 標的遺伝子の発現を抑制する組成物 |
| WO2007080902A1 (ja) | 2006-01-11 | 2007-07-19 | Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd. | 眼球において標的遺伝子の発現を抑制する組成物および眼球における疾患の治療剤 |
| JP2017532013A (ja) * | 2014-09-01 | 2017-11-02 | アカデミア シニカAcademia Sinica | 寿命に関する動物モデル並びに寿命を延ばす及び腫瘍化を阻害する関連方法 |
| WO2023090366A1 (ja) * | 2021-11-17 | 2023-05-25 | 株式会社 PRISM BioLab | 抗がん剤および心機能改善剤 |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8609617B2 (en) | 2009-09-04 | 2013-12-17 | University Of Miami | KLF family members regulate intrinsic axon regeneration ability |
| US20240182900A1 (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2024-06-06 | Yale University | Microrna blockade for the treatment of disease |
-
2004
- 2004-03-16 JP JP2004075115A patent/JP2006180710A/ja active Pending
- 2004-07-29 US US10/565,997 patent/US20070275917A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-07-29 EP EP04771250A patent/EP1652917A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-07-29 JP JP2005512128A patent/JPWO2005010185A1/ja active Pending
- 2004-07-29 WO PCT/JP2004/011223 patent/WO2005010185A1/ja not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (5)
| Title |
|---|
| CONKRIGHT, M.D. ET AL.: "A gene encoding an intestinal-enriched member of the Kruppel-like factor family expressed in intestinal epithelial cells", NUCLEIC ACIDS RES, vol. 27, no. 5, 1999, pages 1263 - 1270, XP002904102 * |
| OSHIUMI, H. ET AL.: "RNA interference (RNAi) o Mochiita Honyurui Dobutsu deno Idenshi Knockout", FOLIA PHARMACOL.JPN., vol. 120, 2002, pages 91 - 95, XP002985321 * |
| PAUL, C.P. ET AL.: "Effective expression of small interfering RNA in human cells", NAT BIOTECHNOL, vol. 20, no. 5, 2002, pages 505 - 508, XP001121066 * |
| See also references of EP1652917A4 * |
| SHINDO, T. ET AL.: "Kruppel-like zinc-finger transcription factor KLF5/BTEB2 is a target for angiotensin II signaling and an essential regulator of cardiovascular remodeling", NAT MED, vol. 8, no. 8, 2002, pages 856 - 863, XP002970412 * |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006080118A1 (ja) * | 2005-01-28 | 2006-08-03 | Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd. | 標的遺伝子の発現を抑制する組成物 |
| WO2007080902A1 (ja) | 2006-01-11 | 2007-07-19 | Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd. | 眼球において標的遺伝子の発現を抑制する組成物および眼球における疾患の治療剤 |
| JP2017532013A (ja) * | 2014-09-01 | 2017-11-02 | アカデミア シニカAcademia Sinica | 寿命に関する動物モデル並びに寿命を延ばす及び腫瘍化を阻害する関連方法 |
| JP2021169461A (ja) * | 2014-09-01 | 2021-10-28 | アカデミア シニカAcademia Sinica | 寿命に関する動物モデル並びに寿命を延ばす及び腫瘍化を阻害する関連方法 |
| WO2023090366A1 (ja) * | 2021-11-17 | 2023-05-25 | 株式会社 PRISM BioLab | 抗がん剤および心機能改善剤 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20070275917A1 (en) | 2007-11-29 |
| JPWO2005010185A1 (ja) | 2006-11-30 |
| JP2006180710A (ja) | 2006-07-13 |
| EP1652917A1 (en) | 2006-05-03 |
| EP1652917A4 (en) | 2007-12-26 |
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