WO2005007784A1 - Processing of kerosene - Google Patents

Processing of kerosene Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2005007784A1
WO2005007784A1 PCT/GB2004/003011 GB2004003011W WO2005007784A1 WO 2005007784 A1 WO2005007784 A1 WO 2005007784A1 GB 2004003011 W GB2004003011 W GB 2004003011W WO 2005007784 A1 WO2005007784 A1 WO 2005007784A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
kerosene
polymer
composition according
alkene
molecular weight
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2004/003011
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Fredrick Michael Joseph Vernon
Original Assignee
Standard Brands (Uk) Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Standard Brands (Uk) Limited filed Critical Standard Brands (Uk) Limited
Priority to EP04743352A priority Critical patent/EP1678281B1/en
Priority to DK04743352.9T priority patent/DK1678281T3/en
Priority to AT04743352T priority patent/ATE446354T1/en
Priority to US10/564,192 priority patent/US20070038006A1/en
Priority to CA2572145A priority patent/CA2572145C/en
Priority to DE602004023745T priority patent/DE602004023745D1/en
Publication of WO2005007784A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005007784A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L7/00—Fuels produced by solidifying fluid fuels
    • C10L7/02—Fuels produced by solidifying fluid fuels liquid fuels

Definitions

  • Kerosene typically has a boiling point in the range 180 - 230°C.
  • kerosene are used extensively as lamp oils but are also used absorbed on charcoal as a fuel for lighting barbecues. Traditionally, these preparations have been formulated with added colouring and/or fragrance components essentially to deodorise or mask the characteristic hydrocarbon smell.
  • kerosene for most purposes is not generally susceptible to being successfully thickened.
  • a method of thickening liquid hydrocarbons comprises mixing the hydrocarbon with an essentially paraffin polyolefin polymer in solid fo ⁇ n to yield a thickened homogenous solution.
  • a composition of matter comprises a thickened homogenous solution of an essentially paraffin polyolefin polymer in solid form dissolved in a liquid hydrocarbon.
  • the product of the invention may be used as a lamp oil but may also be applied to charcoal for use as a lighting fuel for barbecues, for which it is superior to unthickened hydrocarbon fuels as such in providing better adhesion and absorption of fuel onto the charcoal and also in providing enhanced burning times and burn rates.
  • Additive materials for the deodorising, colouring and/or enhancement of the product perception may be mixed with the inventive composition while still remaining with the terms of the lamp oil directive.
  • the liquid hydrocarbon comprises commercial kerosene having a boiling point in the range 180 - 230°C, preferably a low odour kerosene having a flashpoint greater than or equal to 62°C, typically 63 to 68°C.
  • the polyolefin polymer may be a medium or high molecular weight polymer of an alkene, preferably a branched chain alkene such as polyisobutylene. In polymerisation of such polymers, the olefinic unsaturation is removed except at the terminal moieties.
  • the preferred molecular weight is in the region of 1.4 to 2.0, (viscosity average xl0 " 6), a suitable polymer being commercially available under the trade name 'Vistanex', such as 'Vistanex MML-120'.
  • a suitable polymer being commercially available under the trade name 'Vistanex', such as 'Vistanex MML-120'.
  • Such compounds which are generally used as plasticisers, resemble uncured natural and synthetic rubbers in their physical properties and, when mixed with a hydrocarbon solvent according to the present invention, the polymer initially swells in volume as it appears to imbibe the solvent.
  • the polymer is ground to form granules or particles before being added to the solvent, the individual granules or particles thereof eventually breaking up and becoming dissolved and homogenous in the solvent. The higher is the surface area to volume ratio of the granules or particles, the faster will be the rate of dissolution.
  • a thickened kerosene formulation contains the following ingredients: Material %WA ⁇ Low Odour Kerosene 90 - ⁇ 100 typically 95 Polyolefin polymer (Vistanex Up to 5 typically 2.5 MML-120) Fragrance material (optional) Up to 5 typically 2.5
  • Such a formulation has the following properties: Density 0.75 - 0.80 gm/ml @ 20°C typically 0.78 gm/ml Flash point 62 - 66°C typically 63 - 65°C
  • the formulation can be used as a lamp oil.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

A method of thickening liquid hydrocarbons comprises mixing the hydrocarbon with an essentially paraffin polyolefin polymer in solid form to yield a thickened homogenous solution. The hydrocarbon is preferably kerosene and the polymer may be a 'Vistanex' polymer. The product may be used as a lamp oil but may also be applied to charcoal for use as a lighting fuel for barbecues.

Description

PROCESSING OF KEROSENE
This invention relates to the processing of kerosene, a complex liquid hydrocarbon fuel oil, originally distilled from coal, bitumen and/or petroleum. Kerosene typically has a boiling point in the range 180 - 230°C.
Certain forms of kerosene are used extensively as lamp oils but are also used absorbed on charcoal as a fuel for lighting barbecues. Traditionally, these preparations have been formulated with added colouring and/or fragrance components essentially to deodorise or mask the characteristic hydrocarbon smell.
A recent European Union Directive relating to the sale of lamp oils seeks to prohibit the colouring and/or fragrancing of these oils
It is an object of the present invention to provide a means of thickening kerosene and other hydrocarbon solvents with a view to permitting the presence of additives and preferably to enhance the perception and performance of the hydrocarbon as a fuel. However, kerosene for most purposes is not generally susceptible to being successfully thickened.
According to one aspect of the present invention, a method of thickening liquid hydrocarbons comprises mixing the hydrocarbon with an essentially paraffin polyolefin polymer in solid foπn to yield a thickened homogenous solution.
According to another aspect of the invention, a composition of matter comprises a thickened homogenous solution of an essentially paraffin polyolefin polymer in solid form dissolved in a liquid hydrocarbon.
The product of the invention, that is, either the composition of matter or the product of the method, may be used as a lamp oil but may also be applied to charcoal for use as a lighting fuel for barbecues, for which it is superior to unthickened hydrocarbon fuels as such in providing better adhesion and absorption of fuel onto the charcoal and also in providing enhanced burning times and burn rates. Additive materials for the deodorising, colouring and/or enhancement of the product perception may be mixed with the inventive composition while still remaining with the terms of the lamp oil directive.
For most purposes, the liquid hydrocarbon comprises commercial kerosene having a boiling point in the range 180 - 230°C, preferably a low odour kerosene having a flashpoint greater than or equal to 62°C, typically 63 to 68°C. The polyolefin polymer may be a medium or high molecular weight polymer of an alkene, preferably a branched chain alkene such as polyisobutylene. In polymerisation of such polymers, the olefinic unsaturation is removed except at the terminal moieties. The preferred molecular weight is in the region of 1.4 to 2.0, (viscosity average xl0"6), a suitable polymer being commercially available under the trade name 'Vistanex', such as 'Vistanex MML-120'. Such compounds, which are generally used as plasticisers, resemble uncured natural and synthetic rubbers in their physical properties and, when mixed with a hydrocarbon solvent according to the present invention, the polymer initially swells in volume as it appears to imbibe the solvent. Preferably, the polymer is ground to form granules or particles before being added to the solvent, the individual granules or particles thereof eventually breaking up and becoming dissolved and homogenous in the solvent. The higher is the surface area to volume ratio of the granules or particles, the faster will be the rate of dissolution.
An embodiment of the invention will now be described by way of example.
Example
A thickened kerosene formulation contains the following ingredients: Material %WA¥ Low Odour Kerosene 90 - < 100 typically 95 Polyolefin polymer (Vistanex Up to 5 typically 2.5 MML-120) Fragrance material (optional) Up to 5 typically 2.5
Such a formulation has the following properties: Density 0.75 - 0.80 gm/ml @ 20°C typically 0.78 gm/ml Flash point 62 - 66°C typically 63 - 65°C
The formulation can be used as a lamp oil.

Claims

Claims
1. A method of thickening liquid hydrocarbons, the method comprising mixing the hydrocarbon with an essentially paraffin polyolefin polymer in solid form to yield a thickened homogenous solution.
2. A method according to claim 1, in which the liquid hydrocarbon comprises commercial kerosene.
3. A method according to claim 2, in which the kerosene comprises a low odour kerosene having a flashpoint greater than or equal to 62°C.
4. A method according to any preceding claim, in which the polyolefin polymer comprises a medium or high molecular weight polymer of an alkene.
5. A method according to claim 4, in which the alkene comprises a branched chain alkene.
6. A method according to any preceding claim, in which the polymer has a molecular weight in the range 1.4 to 2.0 xlO6.
7. A composition of matter comprising a thickened homogenous solution of an essentially paraffin polyolefin polymer in solid form dissolved in a liquid hydrocarbon fuel oil.
8: A composition according to claim 7, in which the fuel oil comprises kerosene.
9. A composition according to claim 8, in which the kerosene comprise commercial kerosene.
10. A composition according to any of claims 7 to 9, in which the polyolefin polymer a medium or high molecular weight polymer of an alkene.
11. A composition according to claim 10, in which the alkene comprises a branched chain alkene.
12. A composition according to any of claim 7 to 11, in which the polymer has a molecular weight in the range 1.4 to 2.0 xlO6.
13. A composition according to any of claims 7 to 12 for use as a lamp oil.
14. A composition according to any of claim 7 to 12 for use as a barbecue lighting fuel.
PCT/GB2004/003011 2003-07-11 2004-07-12 Processing of kerosene WO2005007784A1 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04743352A EP1678281B1 (en) 2003-07-11 2004-07-12 Processing of kerosene for use as a lamp oil and barbeque lighting fluid
DK04743352.9T DK1678281T3 (en) 2003-07-11 2004-07-12 Processing of petroleum for use as lamp oil and barbecue lighter fluid
AT04743352T ATE446354T1 (en) 2003-07-11 2004-07-12 PROCESSING OF KEROSINE FOR USE AS LAMP OIL AND GRILLED LIGHTER
US10/564,192 US20070038006A1 (en) 2003-07-11 2004-07-12 Processing of kerosene
CA2572145A CA2572145C (en) 2003-07-11 2004-07-12 Processing of kerosene
DE602004023745T DE602004023745D1 (en) 2003-07-11 2004-07-12 PROCESSING OF KEROSINE FOR USE AS LAMP OIL AND GRILLANDZÜNDER

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB0316301.1A GB0316301D0 (en) 2003-07-11 2003-07-11 Processing of kerosene
GB0316301.1 2003-07-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2005007784A1 true WO2005007784A1 (en) 2005-01-27

Family

ID=27742029

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2004/003011 WO2005007784A1 (en) 2003-07-11 2004-07-12 Processing of kerosene

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US20070038006A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1678281B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE446354T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2572145C (en)
DE (1) DE602004023745D1 (en)
DK (1) DK1678281T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2335212T3 (en)
GB (1) GB0316301D0 (en)
WO (1) WO2005007784A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1894985A1 (en) * 2006-08-28 2008-03-05 Total Deutschland GmbH Fire lighter fluid
EP2738240A1 (en) 2012-11-30 2014-06-04 Schepers Handels- en domeinnamen B.V. Use of a Gas-to-Liquids gas oil in a lamp oil composition or fire lighter

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3232720A (en) * 1962-03-15 1966-02-01 Phillips Petroleum Co Solid product containing normally liquid hydrocarbon and normally solid polyolefin
US3460922A (en) * 1967-01-09 1969-08-12 Tenneco Chem Method of producing gelled hydrocarbons employing polyurethanes
US3795556A (en) * 1964-04-23 1974-03-05 Us Navy Gelled gasoline incendiary compositions containing triethyl aluminum and a metal
US3821043A (en) * 1966-09-02 1974-06-28 Us Navy Hydrazine gel composition

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2771458A (en) * 1953-01-05 1956-11-20 Exxon Research Engineering Co Solutions of rubbery polymers from particles of uniform diameter

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3232720A (en) * 1962-03-15 1966-02-01 Phillips Petroleum Co Solid product containing normally liquid hydrocarbon and normally solid polyolefin
US3795556A (en) * 1964-04-23 1974-03-05 Us Navy Gelled gasoline incendiary compositions containing triethyl aluminum and a metal
US3821043A (en) * 1966-09-02 1974-06-28 Us Navy Hydrazine gel composition
US3460922A (en) * 1967-01-09 1969-08-12 Tenneco Chem Method of producing gelled hydrocarbons employing polyurethanes

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
A.RAM, A. SIEGMAN: "Intrinsic viscosity of polymer solutions at high shear rates", JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE., vol. 12, 1968, JOHN WILEY AND SONS INC. NEW YORK., US, pages 55 - 69, XP002304264 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1894985A1 (en) * 2006-08-28 2008-03-05 Total Deutschland GmbH Fire lighter fluid
EP2738240A1 (en) 2012-11-30 2014-06-04 Schepers Handels- en domeinnamen B.V. Use of a Gas-to-Liquids gas oil in a lamp oil composition or fire lighter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE446354T1 (en) 2009-11-15
GB0316301D0 (en) 2003-08-13
EP1678281B1 (en) 2009-10-21
DE602004023745D1 (en) 2009-12-03
ES2335212T3 (en) 2010-03-23
CA2572145A1 (en) 2005-01-27
US20070038006A1 (en) 2007-02-15
EP1678281A1 (en) 2006-07-12
CA2572145C (en) 2012-10-16
DK1678281T3 (en) 2010-03-08

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