WO2005002437A1 - Vorrichtung und verfahren für die bestimmung einer zulässigen bestrahlung der menschlichen haut mit uv-strahlung - Google Patents
Vorrichtung und verfahren für die bestimmung einer zulässigen bestrahlung der menschlichen haut mit uv-strahlung Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005002437A1 WO2005002437A1 PCT/DE2004/001391 DE2004001391W WO2005002437A1 WO 2005002437 A1 WO2005002437 A1 WO 2005002437A1 DE 2004001391 W DE2004001391 W DE 2004001391W WO 2005002437 A1 WO2005002437 A1 WO 2005002437A1
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- radiation
- sensor
- skin
- dose
- measurement
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
- A61N5/0613—Apparatus adapted for a specific treatment
- A61N5/0614—Tanning
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
- A61B5/0071—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence by measuring fluorescence emission
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/44—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the integumentary system, e.g. skin, hair or nails
- A61B5/441—Skin evaluation, e.g. for skin disorder diagnosis
- A61B5/445—Evaluating skin irritation or skin trauma, e.g. rash, eczema, wound, bed sore
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
- A61N2005/0626—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods
- A61N2005/0627—Dose monitoring systems and methods
- A61N2005/0628—Dose monitoring systems and methods including a radiation sensor
Definitions
- the invention relates to measuring devices and a method for determining the permissible radiation duration and / or radiation dose of the human skin with UV radiation, in particular with regard to the use of sun beds in tanning salons, but also for the preparation, for example, of a vacation in a high mountain region southern countries and the like.
- UV radiation from the sun or a tanning bed responsible for tanning usually uses UV-A radiation with a wavelength of 315 (320) -380 (400) nm, UV-B radiation with a wavelength of 280-315 (320 ) nm and UV-C radiation with a wavelength of 100-280 nm.
- UV-A radiation darkens existing, undyed melanin precursors, dopamines, stimulates the repair of ultraviolet-induced nucleic acid damage, light repair, and initiates light recovery, photorecovery.
- UV-B radiation the biological harmful effects of UV-B radiation are intensified.
- UV-A radiation which is often differentiated into UV-AI radiation with a wavelength between 340 nm and 400 nm and UV-A2 radiation with a wavelength between 315 nm and 340 nm, is for chronic damage to the skin connective tissue responsible, for example an elastosis or so-called aging skin with increased wrinkling.
- UV-A radiation leads to photodermatoses and photodynamic reactions due to interactions with pathological metabolic products and certain pharmaceuticals.
- UV-A2 radiation contributes to the acute and chronic harmful effects.
- the longer-wave portion of UV-AI radiation causes hardly any damage to the nucleic acid or the skin connective tissue.
- UV-A2 radiation component should also be labeled in order to indicate the danger of a radiator.
- UV-B radiation causes sunburn, promotes pigment binding and leads to the formation of light swellings, a natural defense mechanism of the skin against UV radiation.
- UV-B radiation in an uncontrolled and excessive dose leads to chronic light damage to the epidermis up to sun carcinomas. From a dermatological and medical point of view, the medium-wave ultraviolet radiation UV-B is therefore problematic for various reasons.
- UV-C radiation is of no decisive importance here
- UV radiation sources such as those used in tanning salons or the like, do not have such a radiation component.
- the individuality of the skin's natural defense against UV radiation is the reason for the difficulties in determining the maximum radiation dose and / or the maximum radiation duration of a subject, in which negative health effects can be safely excluded.
- the erythema-effective threshold radiation 250 J / m 2 for phototype II, 350 J / m 2 for phototype III and 450 J / m 2 for phototype IV is largely arbitrarily determined.
- the natural, individual light calluses are also completely disregarded.
- Irradiation time the physical properties of the UV lamp, regardless of whether it is the sun or a tanning bed or the like, are of crucial importance for determining a measure for the maximum irradiation time or a threshold dose. So the natural UV radiation depends on the location, the time of day, the cloud cover and the like.
- the Radiation Protection Commission stipulates that artificial UV lamps should be operated and operated by specialist personnel monitored devices must not exceed an erythema-effective irradiance Eer of 0.3 W / m 2 in accordance with a sun erythema factor of 1. Likewise, the total irradiance of 1200 W / m 2 in the effective level must not be exceeded.
- a maximum radiation duration of 8.33 minutes for a subject of type II results from the division of the erythema-effective threshold radiation of 250 J / m 2 and the max. Irradiance Eer of 0.3 W / m 2 .
- UV radiators taken into account, for example. Aging or the replacement of tubes, the temperature fluctuations caused by the entire irradiation time of a sunbed, and the like. In addition, the correct use and cleaning of
- Sunbeds or the like for example, the reflection behavior as well as the UV emission by curing, for example, acrylic cover plates, so that it can hardly be assumed that the manufacturer's information regarding the spectrum and the radiation power, for example of a sunbed, is also applicable.
- Skin photosensitivity is limited to devices for color determination that are referred to as chromameters or Mexameter are known. These devices use optically visible radiation, for example white RGB light or spectrally subdivided radiation in the red, green, yellow or blue spectral range. However, since the scattering coefficient ⁇ s is larger than that in these wavebands
- the object of the invention is to provide devices and methods which allow verifiable and reproducible statements regarding the maximum radiation dose and / or the maximum radiation duration of a test subject with a UV lamp.
- Such a device is capable of determining the permissible radiation duration and / or radiation dose of the human skin with UV radiation, which has at least one UV emitter for emitting UV radiation, at least one UV sensor for recording the UV radiation in and / or UV radiation remitted on the skin and an evaluation device for determining the radiation absorption.
- the UV radiator is designed such that it preferably irradiates the human skin locally, for example by a diode that emits UV radiation.
- the UV radiation from a sunbed or the like can be used if, for example, an optical waveguide, if necessary. with suitable filter devices, the radiation emitted is directed to the skin of a test person.
- the absorption of the applied UV radiation in the skin takes place precisely at the point or in the skin layers which are essential for the natural formation of light swellings, as a result of which in particular the density or the thickness of the layer of the melanin granules and that of the layer of Keratinocyte-absorbed melanosomes can be determined.
- this scaling can be stored with a grid of the permissible threshold dose and exactly one threshold dose can be reproducibly assigned according to each measurement.
- the device according to the invention allows a much finer resolution, for example between 1 and 10,000, and the measurement result is particularly reproducible and independent of subjective assessments .
- the threshold dose is derived on the basis of the quantity of available melanin granules or melanosomes and can thus be kept well below erythema formation.
- the UV lamp has a Emits UV radiation in which an absorption coefficient ⁇ a is greater than or equal to a scattering coefficient ⁇ s.
- the UV lamp emits UV radiation of a wavelength smaller than the diameter of a cell nucleus.
- a Rayleigh scattering in the cell tissue on, for example, collagen fibrils, supramolecules or cell membranes with which an exact thickness and density of a cell layer such as that of the melanin granules can be derived from the remission.
- the absorption coefficient ⁇ s and the scattering coefficient ⁇ a are the same, a UV-sensitive skin can be easily recognized compared to a less sensitive one. If the scatter predominates, the skin is sensitive; if the absorption predominates, the skin type is less sensitive. Furthermore, the size and the formation and density of the melanosomes can be determined indirectly.
- the cap-shaped melanosomes have an average edge length of approx. 350 nm. If the edge length is now shorter, the melanosomes are scattered strongly forward and strongly backward. As a result, a large part of the measuring radiation is reflected and by that UV sensor detected. If the edge length is approx.
- the melanosomes are strongly radially scattered by UV radiation, which also impinges on neighboring cells and melanosomes, which means that absorption predominates.
- absorption predominates.
- edge lengths of the melanosomes there is again a strong forward and backward scattering, but a large part of the incident UV radiation is absorbed by the melanosomes and as a result predominates the absorption.
- Suitable UV emitters are preferably those which emit UV radiation with a wavelength of 345 nm to 355 nm, in particular of 350 nm. With the latter value, the absorption coefficient ⁇ a is 12.3 cm “1 and the scattering coefficient ⁇ s is 12.5 cm “1 , which means that these coefficients are almost the same, but the absorption is still slightly predominant. For this purpose, reference may already be made to FIG. 1 here.
- the at least one UV emitter and / or the at least one UV sensor is or are arranged in a housing of a hand-held measuring device.
- An arrangement of both the UV radiator and the UV sensor in a common housing is preferred, whereby a measuring device that is independent of a further radiation source is provided.
- a sunbed or the like can also serve as the radiation source.
- Housing has a contact surface for laying on the skin of a subject and that the UV lamp and the UV sensor are arranged at an angle to each other such that a reflection of a beam on the optical axes of the UV lamp and the UV sensor in a Penetration depth of up to 1 mm below the contact surface.
- a remission of the UV radiation is resumed by the UV sensor, which reflects the formation of swelling of light in the crucial skin layers, in particular those in which melanins are formed or those which contain the precursor dopainee, and that the melanin granules and those of the oxidized melanins.
- Such a defined penetration depth is completely sufficient for tanning salons or the like, in particular even if an average value is formed from several measurements.
- it can also be provided in a constructive configuration that the depth of penetration can be adjusted. It is then possible to individually measure the three layers of skin mentioned at a given location in an extremely exact manner and to determine the respective absorption capacity.
- the optical axes of the UV radiator and the UV sensor span an angle ⁇ between 70 ° and 110 °, with a
- Adjusting the angle ⁇ can vary the depth of penetration.
- UV radiation intensity of a radiation source is stored and that the computer unit calculates the maximum radiation duration and / or radiation dose.
- Such data on the erythema-effective UV radiation intensity can be made available by a spectral measurement of the radiation source by its manufacturer, for example.
- an interface is provided, via which the individual data of a subject can be stored and called up.
- Such an interface can be a chip card writing and / or reading device, which can then store, for example, the individual maximum radiation duration and / or radiation dose on a chip card, which data can then be read out by a control unit of a radiation source, which then automatically opens the correct, maximum radiation duration and / or radiation dose is set.
- a control unit of a radiation source which then automatically opens the correct, maximum radiation duration and / or radiation dose is set.
- such an interface can be designed as a USB or RS-232 interface, so that at least one radiation source can also be controlled directly or via a central computer via corresponding cable connections.
- Wireless networks according to the prior art can also be used for such data transmission.
- Different areas of the body of a test person can easily be distinguished, for example the trunk and face, if both areas are measured separately and, for example, a sunbed has UV lamps that can be controlled and regulated independently of one another.
- a different irradiation power achieves the same radiation times for both radiation sources, for example.
- a device is expedient, in particular in a combination with those described above
- a housing has two pairs of UV sensors, the UV sensors in each pair being oriented in opposite directions and the two pairs being arranged rotated by 90 ° relative to one another.
- the UV radiation in the tanning tunnel for example a sunbed
- the UV radiation can be measured locally further, so that, for example, different radiation doses or radiation times can be taken into account in the head, neck and leg area in connection with the corresponding skin measurements.
- the UV sensors are designed directly as UV sensors, but it is preferred that the UV sensors are formed by free ends of optical fibers.
- optical fibers attenuate the recorded spectrum and, on the other hand, this makes it possible to use optical fibers on one common, second UV sensor to end, especially all four optical fibers.
- a filter facial expression can be assigned to a free end of an optical waveguide, with one in particular being thought of by which the spectral weighting of the UV emitter used is adapted to the erythrema active curve.
- the short-wave portion of the remitted radiation will experience a higher reflection at the input of the optical waveguide than the long-wave portion and the long-wave portion also an improved transmission.
- the second UV sensor has a linear characteristic curve over the erythema-active spectrum.
- an alternative and preferred is a characteristic curve of the second UV sensor that corresponds to the erythema-active spectrum.
- the distance between a pair of UV sensors suitably corresponds to the height of a human body on a sunbed, a distance between approximately 20 cm and 35 cm.
- the device according to the invention can then be opened in a simple manner for one or preferably for several measurements the support of a tanning bed is put on and pushed through the tanning tunnel, whereby there is an exact distance to the lower and upper radiation sources.
- the device has a distance measuring device, for example on an ultrasound basis.
- the UV radiation source is measured precisely in the area where the UV radiation strikes the body of a test subject.
- a temperature sensor can also be provided, so that temperature compensation is also possible.
- the measurement of the UV emitter or UV emitters can also take place in a controlled manner by the temperature sensor when their combustion wall temperature has reached an optimum value, for example after being switched on, which corresponds to that when a test person is irradiated.
- Data from the measurement for example of a sunbed, is expediently stored in an assigned electronic database, so that the individual, maximum radiation duration and / or radiation dose is measured by the computer unit from the individual data of the subject from a measurement of the skin and the UV radiation source from a measurement of the same can be calculated and the UV radiation source (s) is / are also controlled directly via appropriate interfaces up to an automatic switch-off when the threshold dose is reached.
- An overdose of UV radiation is largely excluded.
- a method for determining the permissible radiation duration and / or radiation dose of the human skin with UV radiation preferably under Use of one of the devices described above, based on an individual measurement of the absorption of the erythema-effective UV radiation in a layer of the test person's skin forming a swell and the assignment of a threshold value of UV radiation.
- This radiation can take place by means of direct UV radiation, for example by means of a UV diode or also via an optical waveguide. Fluorescence photometry offers an alternative to radiation.
- An average value is expediently formed from a plurality of individual measurements by a computer unit, to which a threshold dose is further assigned.
- three individual measurements are preferably carried out at different locations on the skin in order to take local differences of the skin into account.
- the threshold value and the stored data of a UV radiation source for example taken from a data sheet, preferably from a direct measurement, the
- Computer unit also determined a maximum radiation duration or radiation dose.
- the method according to the invention can also be used during tanning of a test person.
- both the changes in the UV radiation source (s) and the skin of a test person are monitored and this UV radiation source (s) is switched off when the UV defense is exhausted.
- FIG. 3 shows a device according to the invention for determining the UV absorption of the skin and the measurement of a UV lamp
- Fig. 4 shows in detail the arrangement of a UV lamp and a UV sensor of the device according to Fig. 3 and
- Fig. 5 shows a section through the free end of an optical fiber.
- FIG. 1 shows the absorption coefficient ⁇ a of the dimension l / cm and the scattering coefficient ⁇ s of the dimension l / cm over the wavelength of the light in nanometers.
- the absorption coefficient ⁇ a has relative maxima in the blue area at around 400 nanometers and in the green area at around 550 nanometers.
- the absorption is due to the hemoglobin, in other words in such deep skin layers that do not allow any statement about swelling of light for the UV range.
- Mie scatterers are scattered, which are essentially forward or forward and backward sprinkle aligned. This is due to the longer wavelength of visible light compared to the dimensions of the absorbing structures such as cell nuclei, mitochondria or organelles. As a result, known devices that work with visible light could only detect one reflection.
- UV radiation is provided for determining the permissible radiation duration and / or radiation dose, which preferably has a wavelength between 345 nanometers to 355 nanometers and in particular a wavelength of 350 nanometers.
- Figure 1 shows that there is the scattering coefficient microseconds with a value of 12.3 cm "1 uA the absorption coefficient of 12.5 cm" 1 corresponds to the greatest possible extent, even if the absorption prevails there.
- the density and / or the thickness of the melanin granules and / or the melanosomes embedded in the layer in keratinocytes and thus a statement about the effectiveness of a can be derived from the rays 3 representing the remission Bumps of light meet and can be based on this in turn specify a threshold dose. This should be well below that of erythema formation in order to reliably rule out damage.
- an individual measurement of the absorption of the erythema-effective UV radiation can take place in a layer of the skin of a subject forming a swell, which measurements can then be assigned a threshold value of UV radiation by a computer unit, the UV radiation being direct or by means of fluorescence photometry can be done.
- a mean value is expediently calculated from a plurality of individual measurements at different locations, so that a threshold value can be assigned to an average value of the skin, possibly also for differently irradiated parts of the body.
- a device 5 according to FIG. 3 is provided for carrying out the measuring method, which is shown only schematically there.
- the device 5 according to FIG. 3 has a measuring device 6 with an evaluation device (not shown) for determining a radiation absorption, which is emitted via a UV lamp 7, according to FIG. 4, for example in the form of a diode, for emitting UV radiation and a UV sensor 8 for receiving the UV radiation remitted in and / or on the skin.
- the UV lamp 7 and the UV sensor 8 are designed as a hand-held measuring device within a common housing 9
- the measuring device 6 or the device 5 has a support surface 10 which is placed on the skin 11 of a subject, see FIG. 4 therefore the UV lamp 7 and the UV sensor 8 are always correctly positioned with respect to the skin 11.
- Layers of the skin are measured at a depth of approximately 0.5 mm to 1 mm, that is to say a reflection of a beam on the optical axis 12 of the UV lamp 7 and the optical axis
- the penetration depth adjustable for example in which the height and / or the distance of the UV lamp 7 and the UV sensor 8 can be adjusted above the support surface 10 or the angle between the optical axes 12, 13, which in particular has values from 70 ° to 110 °.
- a computer unit preferably calculates an average value from a plurality of measurements on the skin by means of the measuring device 6 and assigns a threshold dose to it. This can be done using a display
- the proportion of the erythema-effective ones is expedient in an electronic memory (not shown) in the device 5 or in an external memory
- UV radiation intensity of one or more radiation sources is stored and, after selection of the radiation source, the computer unit can calculate the maximum radiation duration and / or radiation dose and display this on the display 14.
- the device 5 also has three interfaces, via which the individual data of a subject and / or the data of a UV lamp could be stored externally and called up again.
- one or more radiation sources can be controlled via one of these interfaces, possibly also via a central computer, and the predetermined maximum radiation duration and / or radiation dose can be specified in this way.
- Such an interface can be a chip card reading and writing device 15, which is only indicated here by a slot.
- a cap 16 Appropriately covered by a cap 16 and thus protected from contamination, for example an RS-232 interface 17 and / or a USB interface 18 are also provided next to a reset switch 19 for direct connection to a computer.
- Wireless interfaces can also be used alternatively or additionally.
- the device 5 also has two pairs of UV sensors 20-23, which are formed by the free ends of optical waveguides 24-27 and which in each case in opposite, parallel housing walls 28-31 of the essentially rectangular housing 9 are oriented such that a pair of UV sensors 20, 21 and 22, 23 are oriented in opposite directions, the respective pairs of UV sensors 20, 21 and 22, 23 being rotated by 90 ° with respect to one another. In this way, the radiation can essentially be measured in one plane over a complete circular arc of 360 °.
- the free end 37 of an optical waveguide 38 can be arranged within a housing 39, the shape of which is largely based on that of a signal lamp to be installed in a panel with a head 40 and a foot 41 with an external thread 42, cf. Fig. 5.
- the housing 39 further accommodates a filter facial expression which is assigned to the free end 37 of the optical waveguide.
- the filter facial expressions exist in the embodiment according to. 5 from a plastic disc 43 held freely by the head 40 in front of the end 37 of the optical waveguide 38 and two further plastic discs 44, 45 pushed onto the optical waveguide 38 and held by the foot 41, for this purpose with central, conical bores 46, 47 are provided.
- the device 5 can be easily mounted on a housing wall 29 designed as a flat bottom after removing the cap 16 on the lying surface of a tanning bed, for example to make several measurements along its length, such as in the head, neck or leg area.
- the resulting UV radiation is received by the UV sensors 20-23 and fed via the optical fibers 24-27 to a common, second UV sensor 33, so that an average value of the irradiance is formed, it being possible to think about different measuring ranges to provide the UV spectrum.
- the measured radiation power of a sunbed then serves as the basis for calculating the maximum radiation duration, for which purpose this data can be stored internally or externally, which can then be called up via one of the interfaces 15, 17, 18.
- a distance measuring device 34 can also be provided so that the correct distance from a radiation source can always be maintained.
- a temperature sensor 35 also allows different temperatures to be taken into account, for example after a long or short lighting time of a radiator.
- the temperature sensor 35 only allows a UV radiation source to be measured when its combustion wall temperature corresponds to the norm.
- the device according to the invention is preferably supplied with power via rechargeable batteries, for the charging of which a plug connection 36 for a power supply unit is ultimately provided.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE112004001616T DE112004001616D2 (de) | 2003-07-02 | 2004-07-01 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren für die Bestimmung einer zulässigen Bestrahlung der menschlichen Haut mit UV-Strahlung |
CA002530875A CA2530875A1 (en) | 2003-07-02 | 2004-07-01 | Device and method for determining an allowed exposure of human skin to uv radiation |
US10/562,585 US20060151709A1 (en) | 2003-07-02 | 2004-07-01 | Device and method for determining an allowed expsure of human skin to uv radiation |
DE202004021309U DE202004021309U1 (de) | 2003-07-02 | 2004-07-01 | Vorrichtung für die Bestimmung einer zulässigen Bestrahlung der menschlichen Haut mit UV-Strahlung |
EP04738837A EP1638464A1 (de) | 2003-07-02 | 2004-07-01 | Vorrichtung und verfahren für die bestimmung einer zulässigen bestrahlung der menschlichen haut mit uv-strahlung |
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DE10329915A DE10329915A1 (de) | 2003-07-02 | 2003-07-02 | Vorrichtungen und Verfahren für die Bestimmung einer zulässigen Bestrahlung der menschlichen Haut mit UV-Strahlung |
DE10329915.7 | 2003-07-02 |
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WO2005002437A1 true WO2005002437A1 (de) | 2005-01-13 |
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PCT/DE2004/001391 WO2005002437A1 (de) | 2003-07-02 | 2004-07-01 | Vorrichtung und verfahren für die bestimmung einer zulässigen bestrahlung der menschlichen haut mit uv-strahlung |
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US (1) | US20060151709A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1638464A1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2530875A1 (de) |
DE (3) | DE10329915A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2005002437A1 (de) |
Cited By (4)
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WO2009023432A2 (en) * | 2007-08-09 | 2009-02-19 | Juvent Inc. | Method and apparatus for ultrasound therapy |
US7953474B2 (en) | 2006-07-21 | 2011-05-31 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Apparatus, method and optical sensor module using a tilter for body fat measurement |
DE202014003013U1 (de) | 2013-04-10 | 2014-05-20 | Manfred Holtkamp Elektro + Elektronik Geräte GmbH + Co. | Messgerät |
US9760686B2 (en) | 2014-04-10 | 2017-09-12 | International Business Machines Corporation | Balanced ultraviolet light exposure recommendations |
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US7818142B2 (en) | 2007-11-28 | 2010-10-19 | Motorola Mobility, Inc. | Method and apparatus for predictive, context-aware, and networked exposure time monitoring |
US7834759B2 (en) * | 2007-11-28 | 2010-11-16 | Motorola, Inc. | Wireless sensor and system that determines exposure to an enviromental element based on local conditions |
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DE102009048403A1 (de) * | 2009-10-06 | 2011-05-05 | Heraeus Noblelight Gmbh | Messeinrichtung und Messmethode zur spektral selektiven Bestimmung der Strahlungsexposition im VUV-Bereich |
US8686865B2 (en) | 2010-06-18 | 2014-04-01 | The Invention Science Fund I, Llc | Interactive technique to reduce irradiation from external source |
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US8462002B2 (en) | 2010-06-18 | 2013-06-11 | The Invention Science Fund I, Llc | Personal telecommunication device with target-based exposure control |
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AU2013206887B2 (en) | 2012-01-03 | 2017-10-19 | William A. Moffat | Phototherapeutic apparatus for focused UVB radiation and vitamin D synthesis and associated systems and methods |
WO2015102590A1 (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2015-07-09 | Bodhi Technology Ventures Llc | Estimating skin pigmentation to estimate sunburn and melanoma risk |
CN106714670A (zh) | 2014-07-24 | 2017-05-24 | 大学健康网络 | 用于诊断目的的数据的收集和分析 |
US20160175608A1 (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2016-06-23 | Troy William Livingston | Light emitting device and method of using the same |
CN107427688A (zh) * | 2015-02-05 | 2017-12-01 | 贝那索尔公司 | 用于皮肤病和其他适应症的靶向uvb光疗的系统和方法 |
CN107735146A (zh) * | 2015-04-27 | 2018-02-23 | 贝那索尔公司 | 用于自身免疫失调和其他适应症的靶向uvb光疗的系统和方法 |
US9778103B1 (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2017-10-03 | Eit, Llc | UV radiometry instruments and methods |
CA3085326A1 (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2019-06-20 | Benesol, Inc. | Dynamic dosing systems for phototherapy and associated devices, systems, and methods |
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DE102020122223A1 (de) * | 2020-01-07 | 2021-07-08 | Holtkamp Electronics Gmbh | Verfahren und Hautmessgerät zur Bestimmung der momentanen Empfindlichkeit menschlicher Haut gegenüber ultravioletter Strahlung |
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- 2003-07-02 DE DE10329915A patent/DE10329915A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2004
- 2004-07-01 WO PCT/DE2004/001391 patent/WO2005002437A1/de active Application Filing
- 2004-07-01 DE DE112004001616T patent/DE112004001616D2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-07-01 EP EP04738837A patent/EP1638464A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-07-01 CA CA002530875A patent/CA2530875A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-07-01 US US10/562,585 patent/US20060151709A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-07-01 DE DE202004021309U patent/DE202004021309U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
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US4882598A (en) * | 1985-09-26 | 1989-11-21 | Chromo-Light Aps | Method and an apparatus for determining an individual's ability to stand exposure to ultraviolet radiation |
WO1993016635A1 (en) * | 1992-02-28 | 1993-09-02 | Chromo-Light Aps | A method and an apparatus for determining an individual's ability to stand exposure to ultraviolet radiation |
US5636637A (en) * | 1994-05-20 | 1997-06-10 | L'oreal | Method for determining quantities characteristic of the behavior of a surface, in particular of the human skin, subjected to light radiation, and apparatus for implementation thereof |
US6348694B1 (en) * | 1999-06-24 | 2002-02-19 | Mikhail Gershteyn | Method and apparatus for determining an ability of skin to withstand exposure to harmful radiation, and a safe exposure time of the skin |
WO2003030707A2 (en) * | 2001-10-05 | 2003-04-17 | Flyby S.R.L. | Method and device for determining the minimum erythemal dose |
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US7953474B2 (en) | 2006-07-21 | 2011-05-31 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Apparatus, method and optical sensor module using a tilter for body fat measurement |
WO2009023432A2 (en) * | 2007-08-09 | 2009-02-19 | Juvent Inc. | Method and apparatus for ultrasound therapy |
WO2009023432A3 (en) * | 2007-08-09 | 2009-04-30 | Juvent Inc | Method and apparatus for ultrasound therapy |
DE202014003013U1 (de) | 2013-04-10 | 2014-05-20 | Manfred Holtkamp Elektro + Elektronik Geräte GmbH + Co. | Messgerät |
US9760686B2 (en) | 2014-04-10 | 2017-09-12 | International Business Machines Corporation | Balanced ultraviolet light exposure recommendations |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2530875A1 (en) | 2005-01-13 |
DE202004021309U1 (de) | 2007-08-02 |
US20060151709A1 (en) | 2006-07-13 |
EP1638464A1 (de) | 2006-03-29 |
DE112004001616D2 (de) | 2006-05-11 |
DE10329915A1 (de) | 2005-03-17 |
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