WO2004111399A1 - Apparatus for adjusting the temperature of exhaust gases - Google Patents

Apparatus for adjusting the temperature of exhaust gases Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2004111399A1
WO2004111399A1 PCT/SE2004/000937 SE2004000937W WO2004111399A1 WO 2004111399 A1 WO2004111399 A1 WO 2004111399A1 SE 2004000937 W SE2004000937 W SE 2004000937W WO 2004111399 A1 WO2004111399 A1 WO 2004111399A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
exhaust
gas stream
particle filter
exhaust gas
temperature
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE2004/000937
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Carl-Johan Karlsson
Paulina TENGSTRÖM
Original Assignee
Volvo Lastvagnar Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Volvo Lastvagnar Ab filed Critical Volvo Lastvagnar Ab
Priority to JP2006517033A priority Critical patent/JP2006527819A/en
Priority to EP04736821A priority patent/EP1639238A1/en
Priority to BRPI0411647-0A priority patent/BRPI0411647A/en
Publication of WO2004111399A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004111399A1/en
Priority to US11/306,147 priority patent/US20060196176A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/02—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a heat exchanger

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for adjusting the temperature of exhaust gases passing through an exhaust system of a vehicle having an internal combustion engine, which exhaust system is provided with an active regeneration filter for collecting particles from the exhaust gas stream and which apparatus comprises a heat exchanger.
  • Active regeneration particle filters can be used for the after-treatment of exhaust gases from diesel engines, in which case soot and ash particles are caught instead of being dispersed into the surrounding environment.
  • the active regeneration means that the temperature is intermittently increased upstream of the filter to such a level that the particles can be burnt off.
  • An oxidation catalyst integrated with the filter can be used for the increase in temperature.
  • the oxidation catalyst uses uncombusted fuel in the exhaust gas stream to create the preconditions for regeneration.
  • This uncombusted fuel can be fed to the exhaust gas stream, for example, through the normal injection system of the engine, so-called post- injection.
  • the effect of the high temperatures generated in active regeneration is that the temperature of gases discharged from a vehicle through the exhaust pipe can be extremely high (around 600 degrees Celsius) . This can cause a fire risk and create danger for other road-users, for example pedestrians.
  • One way of cooling the exhaust gases might be, for example, to make the exhaust gases pass through a cooler which uses the ambient air as the cooling medium.
  • This cooler should here be provided with a fan so as to provide cooling air when the vehicle is stationary or traveling at low speed, which expediently is the state in which the vehicle finds itself during regeneration of its particle filter.
  • An exhaust cooler with fan is both bulky and costly.
  • One object of the invention is therefore to produce a cost-effective and space-saving apparatus for reducing the temperature of the exhaust gas stream leaving a vehicle having a diesel engine with active regeneration particle filter.
  • a purpose-built apparatus for adjusting the temperature of exhaust gases passing through an exhaust system of a vehicle having an internal combustion engine, which exhaust system is provided with an active regeneration filter for collecting particles from the exhaust gas stream and which apparatus comprises a heat exchanger is characterized according to the invention in that the heat exchanger has a first flow passage for an exhaust gas stream from the exhaust manifold of the engine to the particle filter and a second flow passage for an exhaust gas stream from the particle filter to the outlet pipe of the exhaust system.
  • the diesel engine 10 represented diagrammatically in the figure is installed in a vehicle, for example a truck or a bus, and is provided with an exhaust system comprising an exhaust manifold 11 connected to a heat exchanger 12.
  • a silencer having an oxidation catalyst 13 and a particle filter 14 is connected to the heat exchanger 12 by, on the one hand, an inlet pipeline 15 and, on the other hand, an outlet pipeline 16.
  • a first flow passage through the heat exchanger 12 extends vertically in the figure and allows an exhaust gas stream from the exhaust manifold 11 of the engine, via the inlet pipeline 15, to the particle filter 14.
  • a second flow passage through the heat exchanger 12 extends horizontally in the figure and allows an exhaust gas stream from the particle filter 14, via the outlet pipeline 16, to the outlet pipe 17 of the exhaust system.
  • soot particles can be automatically removed from the particle filter, whereby servicing and maintenance requirements are reduced. Regeneration can take place at an appropriate time, when the vehicle has traveled a certain distance or when the engine has operated at a certain load for a certain period.
  • the injectors of the engine can be equipped with means for injecting fuel into the exhaust gases, so-called post-injection.
  • an extra injector can be placed in the exhaust system upstream of the particle filter to inject fuel into the exhaust gases .
  • the exhaust gas temperature upon exit from the engine via the exhaust manifold 11 can measure around 200 degrees Celsius under low load.
  • the temperature of the exhaust gas flow exiting the silencer will initially increase owing to combustion of hydrocarbons in the oxidation catalyst belonging to the system. Gradually, the soot combustion in the particle filter begins, whereupon temperatures in excess of 1000 degrees Celsius can be generated locally.
  • the gas flow from the silencer to the heat exchanger via the outlet pipeline 16 therefore has a temperature not less than around 600 degrees Celsius.
  • This hot gas stream is cooled during its passage through the heat exchanger 12 and leaves the vehicle via the outlet pipe 17 at a temperature of, for example, around 400 degrees Celsius (at 50% heat exchanger efficiency) .
  • the thermal energy from the hot gas stream is used to heat the gas stream emanating from the exhaust manifold, in which case a substantially smaller quantity of fuel is needed to initiate the active regeneration.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus for adjusting the temperature of exhaust gases passing through an exhaust system (11-17) of a vehicle having an internal combustion engine (10). The exhaust system is provided with an active regeneration filter (14) for collecting particles from the exhaust gas stream. The apparatus comprises a heat exchanger (12), which has a first flow passage for an exhaust gas stream from the exhaust manifold (11) of the engine to the particle filter (14) and a second flow passage for an exhaust gas stream from the particle filter (14) to the outlet pipe (17) of the exhaust system.

Description

TITLE :
Apparatus for Adjusting the Temperature of Exhaust Gases
TECHNICAL FIELD:
The present invention relates to an apparatus for adjusting the temperature of exhaust gases passing through an exhaust system of a vehicle having an internal combustion engine, which exhaust system is provided with an active regeneration filter for collecting particles from the exhaust gas stream and which apparatus comprises a heat exchanger.
BACKGROUND: Active regeneration particle filters can be used for the after-treatment of exhaust gases from diesel engines, in which case soot and ash particles are caught instead of being dispersed into the surrounding environment. The active regeneration means that the temperature is intermittently increased upstream of the filter to such a level that the particles can be burnt off. An oxidation catalyst integrated with the filter can be used for the increase in temperature.
The oxidation catalyst uses uncombusted fuel in the exhaust gas stream to create the preconditions for regeneration. This uncombusted fuel can be fed to the exhaust gas stream, for example, through the normal injection system of the engine, so-called post- injection.
The effect of the high temperatures generated in active regeneration (oxygen-based) is that the temperature of gases discharged from a vehicle through the exhaust pipe can be extremely high (around 600 degrees Celsius) . This can cause a fire risk and create danger for other road-users, for example pedestrians. One way of cooling the exhaust gases might be, for example, to make the exhaust gases pass through a cooler which uses the ambient air as the cooling medium. This cooler should here be provided with a fan so as to provide cooling air when the vehicle is stationary or traveling at low speed, which expediently is the state in which the vehicle finds itself during regeneration of its particle filter. An exhaust cooler with fan is both bulky and costly.
ACCOUNT OF THE INVENTION:
One object of the invention is therefore to produce a cost-effective and space-saving apparatus for reducing the temperature of the exhaust gas stream leaving a vehicle having a diesel engine with active regeneration particle filter.
A purpose-built apparatus for adjusting the temperature of exhaust gases passing through an exhaust system of a vehicle having an internal combustion engine, which exhaust system is provided with an active regeneration filter for collecting particles from the exhaust gas stream and which apparatus comprises a heat exchanger, is characterized according to the invention in that the heat exchanger has a first flow passage for an exhaust gas stream from the exhaust manifold of the engine to the particle filter and a second flow passage for an exhaust gas stream from the particle filter to the outlet pipe of the exhaust system. By virtue of this configuration of the apparatus, the temperature of the exhaust gas stream leaving the vehicle can be lowered, at the same time as the thermal energy can be utilized to heat up the gas flow into the particle filter. This also means that less fuel is needed for the active regeneration.
Advantageous illustrative embodiments of the invention can be gleaned from the following dependent patent claims . BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURE:
The invention will be described in greater detail below with reference to an illustrative embodiment shown in the appended drawing, which represents diagrammatically an internal combustion engine having an apparatus according to the invention.
DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS: The diesel engine 10 represented diagrammatically in the figure is installed in a vehicle, for example a truck or a bus, and is provided with an exhaust system comprising an exhaust manifold 11 connected to a heat exchanger 12. A silencer having an oxidation catalyst 13 and a particle filter 14 is connected to the heat exchanger 12 by, on the one hand, an inlet pipeline 15 and, on the other hand, an outlet pipeline 16.
A first flow passage through the heat exchanger 12 extends vertically in the figure and allows an exhaust gas stream from the exhaust manifold 11 of the engine, via the inlet pipeline 15, to the particle filter 14. A second flow passage through the heat exchanger 12 extends horizontally in the figure and allows an exhaust gas stream from the particle filter 14, via the outlet pipeline 16, to the outlet pipe 17 of the exhaust system.
Through active regeneration, using oxygen as the oxidant, soot particles can be automatically removed from the particle filter, whereby servicing and maintenance requirements are reduced. Regeneration can take place at an appropriate time, when the vehicle has traveled a certain distance or when the engine has operated at a certain load for a certain period.
In order to activate the regeneration of the particle filter, the injectors of the engine can be equipped with means for injecting fuel into the exhaust gases, so-called post-injection. Alternatively, an extra injector can be placed in the exhaust system upstream of the particle filter to inject fuel into the exhaust gases .
The exhaust gas temperature upon exit from the engine via the exhaust manifold 11 can measure around 200 degrees Celsius under low load. When an active regeneration is initiated, the temperature of the exhaust gas flow exiting the silencer will initially increase owing to combustion of hydrocarbons in the oxidation catalyst belonging to the system. Gradually, the soot combustion in the particle filter begins, whereupon temperatures in excess of 1000 degrees Celsius can be generated locally. The gas flow from the silencer to the heat exchanger via the outlet pipeline 16 therefore has a temperature not less than around 600 degrees Celsius. This hot gas stream is cooled during its passage through the heat exchanger 12 and leaves the vehicle via the outlet pipe 17 at a temperature of, for example, around 400 degrees Celsius (at 50% heat exchanger efficiency) . The thermal energy from the hot gas stream is used to heat the gas stream emanating from the exhaust manifold, in which case a substantially smaller quantity of fuel is needed to initiate the active regeneration.
The invention shall not be deemed to be limited to the illustrative embodiments described above. Instead, a number of further variants and modifications are conceivable within the scope of the following patent claims .

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS
1. An apparatus for adjusting the temperature of exhaust gases passing through an exhaust system (11-17) of a vehicle having an internal combustion engine (10) , which exhaust system is provided with an active regeneration filter (14) for collecting particles from the exhaust gas stream, and which apparatus comprises a heat exchanger (12), which has a first flow passage for an exhaust gas stream from the exhaust manifold (11) of the engine to the particle filter (14) and a second flow passage for an exhaust gas stream from the particle filter (14) to the outlet pipe (17) of the exhaust system, characterized in that the particle filter (14) is provided with an oxidation catalyst (13) for intermittent combustion of accumulated soot .
2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the combustion chamber of the engine (10) is provided with an injector for injecting fuel into the exhaust gases.
3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that an injector is placed in the exhaust system upstream of the particle filter (14), for injecting fuel into the exhaust gases.
PCT/SE2004/000937 2003-06-18 2004-06-14 Apparatus for adjusting the temperature of exhaust gases WO2004111399A1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2006517033A JP2006527819A (en) 2003-06-18 2004-06-14 Device for adjusting the temperature of exhaust gas
EP04736821A EP1639238A1 (en) 2003-06-18 2004-06-14 Apparatus for adjusting the temperature of exhaust gases
BRPI0411647-0A BRPI0411647A (en) 2003-06-18 2004-06-14 device for adjusting the exhaust gas temperature
US11/306,147 US20060196176A1 (en) 2003-06-18 2005-12-16 Apparatus for adjusting the temperature of exhaust gases

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0301799A SE525197C2 (en) 2003-06-18 2003-06-18 Apparatus for controlling the temperature of exhaust gases from an exhaust system equipped with an active regenerable filter
SE0301799-3 2003-06-18

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US11/306,147 Continuation US20060196176A1 (en) 2003-06-18 2005-12-16 Apparatus for adjusting the temperature of exhaust gases

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004111399A1 true WO2004111399A1 (en) 2004-12-23

Family

ID=27607364

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE2004/000937 WO2004111399A1 (en) 2003-06-18 2004-06-14 Apparatus for adjusting the temperature of exhaust gases

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20060196176A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1639238A1 (en)
JP (1) JP2006527819A (en)
CN (1) CN1806097A (en)
BR (1) BRPI0411647A (en)
SE (1) SE525197C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2004111399A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080083215A1 (en) * 2006-10-10 2008-04-10 Mi Yan Standalone thermal energy recycling device for engine after-treatment systems
CA2713098C (en) * 2007-05-03 2015-11-24 Mack Trucks, Inc. Exhaust aftertreatment system
US20090107117A1 (en) * 2007-10-30 2009-04-30 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Diesel Engine Aftertreatment Control Operation with Waste Heat Recovery
EP2078834B1 (en) * 2008-01-10 2014-06-04 Haldor Topsoe A/S Method and system for purification of exhaust gas from diesel engines
US9291079B2 (en) * 2008-04-05 2016-03-22 Mi Yan Engine aftertreatment system with exhaust lambda control
JP5022328B2 (en) * 2008-09-19 2012-09-12 三菱重工業株式会社 Diesel engine exhaust gas aftertreatment system
JP2012067756A (en) * 2011-12-06 2012-04-05 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Exhaust gas after-treatment device of diesel engine
CN106582129A (en) * 2016-12-26 2017-04-26 江苏华强新能源科技有限公司 Static air filter

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4951464A (en) * 1987-09-05 1990-08-28 Deutsche Forschungsanstalt Fur Luft- Und Raumfahrt E.V. Carbon black filter means for a Diesel engine
DE4000062A1 (en) * 1990-01-03 1991-07-04 Hans Prof Dipl Ing Moeller Igniting soot particles on diesel filter - involves use of air warmed by exhaust gas heat exchanger
US5143700A (en) * 1990-10-15 1992-09-01 Anguil Environmental Systems, Inc. Ceramic filter construction for use in catalytic incineration system
DE4408826C1 (en) * 1994-03-16 1995-05-24 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Exhaust gas system with heat exchanger

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JPH0724575Y2 (en) * 1989-12-12 1995-06-05 ニチアス株式会社 Exhaust gas purification device for internal combustion engine
DE4109227A1 (en) * 1991-03-21 1992-09-24 Schwaebische Huettenwerke Gmbh EXHAUST FILTER AND / OR CATALYST
US5687565A (en) * 1995-11-29 1997-11-18 Amoco Corporation Control of exhaust emissions from an internal combustion engine
US5979159A (en) * 1998-03-16 1999-11-09 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Exhaust after-treatment system for automotive vehicle
US6935105B1 (en) * 1998-11-06 2005-08-30 Ceryx Asset Recovery Llc Integrated apparatus for removing pollutants from a fluid stream in a lean-burn environment with heat recovery
SE519240C2 (en) * 1998-11-20 2003-02-04 Volvo Personvagnar Ab Combustion engine arrangements included a heat exchanger to adjust the temperature of exhaust gases to pass a NOx adsorbing catalyst
WO2001042632A1 (en) * 1999-12-08 2001-06-14 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Method for supplying exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine to a catalyst, in particular a storage catalyst
DE10048580A1 (en) * 2000-09-30 2002-04-11 Volkswagen Ag Exhaust system of an internal combustion engine with a catalyst

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4951464A (en) * 1987-09-05 1990-08-28 Deutsche Forschungsanstalt Fur Luft- Und Raumfahrt E.V. Carbon black filter means for a Diesel engine
DE4000062A1 (en) * 1990-01-03 1991-07-04 Hans Prof Dipl Ing Moeller Igniting soot particles on diesel filter - involves use of air warmed by exhaust gas heat exchanger
US5143700A (en) * 1990-10-15 1992-09-01 Anguil Environmental Systems, Inc. Ceramic filter construction for use in catalytic incineration system
DE4408826C1 (en) * 1994-03-16 1995-05-24 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Exhaust gas system with heat exchanger

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2006527819A (en) 2006-12-07
EP1639238A1 (en) 2006-03-29
CN1806097A (en) 2006-07-19
SE0301799L (en) 2004-12-19
SE525197C2 (en) 2004-12-21
BRPI0411647A (en) 2006-08-08
SE0301799D0 (en) 2003-06-18
US20060196176A1 (en) 2006-09-07

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