WO2004109205A1 - Refrigeration device comprising controlled de-humidification - Google Patents

Refrigeration device comprising controlled de-humidification Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004109205A1
WO2004109205A1 PCT/EP2004/006256 EP2004006256W WO2004109205A1 WO 2004109205 A1 WO2004109205 A1 WO 2004109205A1 EP 2004006256 W EP2004006256 W EP 2004006256W WO 2004109205 A1 WO2004109205 A1 WO 2004109205A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fan
evaporator
switched
refrigerator according
storage compartment
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2004/006256
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Helmut Konopa
Original Assignee
BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH filed Critical BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH
Priority to US10/560,156 priority Critical patent/US20070137227A1/en
Priority to EP04739760.9A priority patent/EP1636530B1/en
Publication of WO2004109205A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004109205A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
    • F25D17/04—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
    • F25D17/042—Air treating means within refrigerated spaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/02—Compressor control
    • F25B2600/025—Compressor control by controlling speed
    • F25B2600/0251—Compressor control by controlling speed with on-off operation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/11—Fan speed control
    • F25B2600/112—Fan speed control of evaporator fans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/02—Humidity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
    • F25D17/04—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
    • F25D17/06—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation
    • F25D17/062—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation in household refrigerators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2317/00—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2317/04—Treating air flowing to refrigeration compartments
    • F25D2317/041—Treating air flowing to refrigeration compartments by purification
    • F25D2317/0411—Treating air flowing to refrigeration compartments by purification by dehumidification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2400/00—General features of, or devices for refrigerators, cold rooms, ice-boxes, or for cooling or freezing apparatus not covered by any other subclass
    • F25D2400/04—Refrigerators with a horizontal mullion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2700/00—Means for sensing or measuring; Sensors therefor
    • F25D2700/12—Sensors measuring the inside temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2700/00—Means for sensing or measuring; Sensors therefor
    • F25D2700/14—Sensors measuring the temperature outside the refrigerator or freezer

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a no-frost refrigerator and an operating method for such a device.
  • an evaporator is arranged in a chamber separated from a storage compartment for refrigerated goods, and heat is exchanged between the chamber and the storage compartment, through which the storage compartment is cooled, by cooling and drying air into the storage compartment using a fan on the evaporator blown and relatively warm, humid air is drawn into the chamber from the storage compartment.
  • the storage compartment is not only cooled, but also dehumidified.
  • the moisture condenses on the evaporator.
  • This dehumidification prevents condensation on the storage shelves and refrigerated goods from being deposited under critical climatic conditions, especially when using the refrigerator in a warm environment with high air humidity.
  • this advantage can turn into a disadvantage in less critical environmental conditions if stored food is dried out by the intensive dehumidification.
  • the circulation capacity of the fan of such a refrigeration device By varying the circulation capacity of the fan of such a refrigeration device, the heat flow between the two at a given temperature difference between the storage compartment of the refrigeration device and the evaporator is also changed. This means that a reduction in the circulation capacity leads to a reduced heat exchange and thus to a greater cooling of the evaporator. This increased cooling results in more intensive drying of the air flowing past the evaporator.
  • the reduced circulation capacity means that when the evaporator and fan are switched on, the cooling of the storage compartment is slower takes place than with a higher circulation capacity, so that the duty cycle of the evaporator is extended. This extension compensates for the reduced circulation capacity and leads to the fact that more moisture is trapped in the course of a switch-on phase of the evaporator with a low circulation capacity than with a high one.
  • a variable circulation capacity of the evaporator can be realized in a simple manner by making the fan temporarily switchable in the switched-on phase of the evaporator.
  • a control circuit for controlling the operation of the evaporator and the fan is provided, which is set up to operate the fan intermittently when the evaporator is switched on and thereby throttle its average circulation capacity compared to a continuous operation.
  • a selector switch can be provided on the refrigeration device, which enables a user to set a desired duty cycle for the intermittent operation of the fan and thus to manually adjust the drying effect of the refrigeration device to the need.
  • the control circuit is connected to at least one climate sensor for detecting a climate parameter such as that
  • the fan can be set to different non-disappearing speeds in the switched-on phase of the evaporator in order to adapt the mean circulation capacity to the demand.
  • a selector switch can be provided, which allows a user to specify a desired speed of rotation of a fan control circuit, or the control circuit can be coupled to at least one climate sensor in order to determine the circulation capacity of the fan on the basis of a climate parameter detected by this sensor and a predefined one Automatically control target humidity.
  • the invention also relates to a method for operating a refrigeration device of the type described above, comprising the steps:
  • the estimate is preferably a humidity measurement carried out directly in the storage compartment concerned. Then it is possible in particular to take into account the influences of the operation of the evaporator and the fan on the air humidity in the storage compartment when selecting the circulation capacity. In principle, however, it is also possible to estimate the air humidity in the storage compartment on the basis of variables correlated with it, such as the temperature and air humidity of the environment, and to select the circulating capacity depending on the result of the estimation.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a no-frost refrigerator according to the invention
  • Figure 2 is a timing diagram of the operation of the evaporator and fan according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 3 is a timing diagram analogous to that of Figure 2 for a second embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a combination refrigerator, on which the present invention is implemented.
  • a refrigerator compartment 1 and a freezer compartment 2 form two temperature zones of the refrigerator.
  • a refrigerant circuit comprises a compressor 3, which pumps a compressed refrigerant one after the other through two evaporators 4, 5 of the freezer compartment 2 or the refrigerator compartment 1, and a heat exchanger 6 through which the refrigerant expanded in the evaporators 4, 5 passes before it returns to the Compressor 3 occurs.
  • the evaporator 5 assigned to the cooling compartment 1 is accommodated in a chamber 8 separated from the cooling compartment 1 by a thermally insulating wall 7.
  • the chamber 8 communicates with the cooling compartment 1 via air inlet and outlet openings, a fan 9 for forcibly circulating air being arranged between the chamber 8 and the cooling compartment 1 in one of these.
  • a control circuit 10 is connected to a temperature sensor 12 arranged in the refrigerator compartment and via control lines to the compressor 3 and the fan 9 and is able to control the compressor 3 and the fan 9 - and indirectly via the compressor 3 the evaporators 4, 5 - in Depending on a temperature detected by the temperature sensor 12 on or off.
  • the control circuit 10 is also connected to an air humidity sensor 13 which is arranged in the cooling compartment 1.
  • a control switch 10, which can be operated by a user and which allows a target value for the air humidity in the cooling compartment 1 to be set, can be provided on the control circuit 10.
  • the air humidity sensor 13 in the cooling compartment 1 can also be replaced as a variant by an air humidity sensor outside the cooling compartment and / or a sensor for the ambient temperature of the refrigerator, since their measured values allow conclusions to be drawn about the air humidity in the cooling compartment 1.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the mode of operation of the control circuit 10 on the basis of the time profiles of a plurality of operating parameters of the refrigeration device.
  • the curve 3 ' indicates the operating state of the compressor 3. At time t 0 it is switched off; as soon as the temperature sensor 12 registers that an upper limit temperature has been exceeded, at time ti, it is switched on until time t 2 falls below a lower limit temperature in the cooling compartment 1. From this time, the cooling compartment 1 heats up again until a new start-up phase of the compressor 3 begins at t.
  • the humidity detected by the sensor 13 in the cooling compartment 1 is at a constant, low level.
  • the fan 9 also starts at the time ti, as shown by a curve 9 '.
  • the temperature of the evaporator 5, represented by a curve 5 ' decreases from a rest value T 0 to a value 1 ⁇ .
  • Moisture from the air circulated by the fan 9 condenses on the evaporator 5, so that the air humidity 13 'slowly decreases until the time t 2 when the fan 9 is switched off. From the time t 3 , the moisture 13 'rises sharply, for example because the door of the refrigeration device is opened and warm, moist air penetrates from the outside.
  • the control circuit 10 recognizes that more intensive drying is required and operates the fan 9 when the compressor 3 is switched on again at the time t 4 , intermittently with a pulse duty factor which is selected as a function of the atmospheric humidity recorded at the time t 4 .
  • the switch-on period t 4 to t 5 is therefore longer than the period ⁇ to t 2 , and the temperature T 2 of the evaporator 5 reached during this period is lower than Ti. This lower temperature T 2 leads to the air flowing past the evaporator 5 is dried more effectively, and due to the increased duty cycle of the compressor 3, a low air humidity value is finally reached again.
  • the duty cycle with which the control circuit 10 operates the fan during the switch-on phases of the evaporator is, in the simplest case, a step function which has the value 1 for low atmospheric humidities and a non-vanishing value less than 1 for high atmospheric humidities; it is also possible to use a step function with a large number of duty cycle values that decrease with increasing humidity or a continuous function for control purposes.
  • the control circuit 10 is designed to set different speeds of the fan 9 as a function of a measured air humidity.
  • the operation of this embodiment is shown in Figure 3. If the air humidity is low, the fan 9 runs at maximum speed in a switch-on phase of the evaporator 4, and the chronological courses of the switch-on and switch-off phases, evaporator temperature and air humidity are the same as in the case of FIG. 2. As a result, the diagram of the figure differs 3 up to time t not from that of FIG. 2. At time t, the control circuit 10 uses the high humidity value measured at this time to select a speed of the fan 9 which is less than its maximum speed.
  • the air humidity decreases continuously, and accordingly the speed of the fan 9, which the control circuit 10 selects on the basis of the measured air humidity, and with increasing circulation capacity of the fan 9, the temperature of the evaporator 5 also rises to a high level Part of the time interval t 4 to t 5 continuously.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show the case of rapid drying out, in which a single switch-on phase t to t 5 is sufficient to reduce the air humidity in the cooling compartment Target value.
  • the drying process can also be spread over several successive switch-on phases.
  • the maximum circulation capacity of the fan 9 corresponds in each case to a desired low air humidity value in the cooling compartment, so that increased drying can be achieved by throttling the circulation capacity.
  • Temperature of the evaporator 5 whose drying effect is weakened. This also makes it possible to specifically increase the humidity in the cooling compartment 1 if it drops below a desired value.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cold Air Circulating Systems And Constructional Details In Refrigerators (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a no-frost refrigeration device comprising at least one storage compartment (1), an evaporator (5), which is alternately activated and deactivated and which is located in a chamber (8) that is separated from the storage compartment (1) and a fan (9) for circulating air between the storage compartment (1) and the chamber (5) of the evaporator (5). The average circulation power of the fan (9) during an activation phase of the evaporator can be varied in order to raise the temperature of the evaporator by increasing the circulation power, thus shortening the duration of the activation phases of the evaporator and reducing the humidity in the storage compartment, or in order to lower the temperature of the evaporator by reducing the circulation power, thus lengthening the duration of the activation phases of the evaporator and increasing the humidity in the storage compartment.

Description

Kältegerät mit gesteuerter Entfeuchtung Refrigeration device with controlled dehumidification
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein No-Frost-Kältegerät und ein Betriebsverfahren für ein solches Gerät.The present invention relates to a no-frost refrigerator and an operating method for such a device.
Bei derartigen Kältegeräten ist ein Verdampfer in einer von einem Lagerfach für Kühlgut getrennten Kammer angeordnet, und ein Wärmeaustausch zwischen der Kammer und dem Lagerfach, durch den das Lagerfach gekühlt wird, erfolgt, indem mit Hilfe eines Ventilators am Verdampfer gekühlte und getrocknete Luft in das Lagerfach geblasen und relativ warme, feuchte Luft aus dem Lagerfach in die Kammer gesaugt wird. Dabei wird das Lagerfach nicht nur abgekühlt, sondern auch entfeuchtet. Die Feuchtigkeit schlägt sich am Verdampfer nieder. Durch diese Entfeuchtung wird verhindert, dass sich unter kritischen klimatischen Verhältnissen, insbesondere bei Einsatz des Kältegeräts in warmer Umgebung bei hoher Luftfeuchtigkeit, Kondenswasser auf Abstellflächen und Kühlgut im Lagerfach niederschlägt. Dieser Vorteil kann sich aber bei weniger kritischen Umgebungsbedingungen in einen Nachteil verwandeln, wenn eingelagerte Lebensmittel durch die intensive Entfeuchtung ausgetrocknet werden.In such refrigeration devices, an evaporator is arranged in a chamber separated from a storage compartment for refrigerated goods, and heat is exchanged between the chamber and the storage compartment, through which the storage compartment is cooled, by cooling and drying air into the storage compartment using a fan on the evaporator blown and relatively warm, humid air is drawn into the chamber from the storage compartment. The storage compartment is not only cooled, but also dehumidified. The moisture condenses on the evaporator. This dehumidification prevents condensation on the storage shelves and refrigerated goods from being deposited under critical climatic conditions, especially when using the refrigerator in a warm environment with high air humidity. However, this advantage can turn into a disadvantage in less critical environmental conditions if stored food is dried out by the intensive dehumidification.
Es besteht daher Bedarf nach einem No-Frost-Kältegerät und einem Betriebsverfahren für ein solches Kältegerät, die eine flexible Anpassung an die klimatischen Bedingungen in der Umgebung des Kältegerätes ermöglichen.There is therefore a need for a no-frost refrigerator and an operating method for such a refrigerator, which enable flexible adaptation to the climatic conditions in the vicinity of the refrigerator.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch ein Kältegerät mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1 bzw. ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 10.The object is achieved by a refrigeration device with the features of claim 1 and a method with the features of claim 10.
Indem die Umwälzleistung des Ventilators eines solchen Kältegerätes variiert wird, wird gleichzeitig auch der bei einer gegebenen Temperaturdifferenz zwischen dem Lagerfach des Kältegerätes und dem Verdampfer auftretende Wärmefluß zwischen den beiden verändert. Das heißt, eine Verringerung der Umwälzleistung führt zu einem verringerten Wärmeaustausch und damit zu einer stärkeren Abkühlung des Verdampfers. Diese verstärkte Abkühlung bewirkt eine intensivere Trocknung der am Verdampfer vorbeistreichenden Luft. Gleichzeitig bewirkt die verringerte Umwälzleistung, dass, wenn Verdampfer und Ventilator eingeschaltet sind, die Abkühlung des Lagerfaches langsamer vonstatten geht als bei einer höheren Umwälzleistung, so dass sich die Einschaltdauer des Verdampfers verlängert. Diese Verlängerung kompensiert die verringerte Umwälzleistung und führt dazu, dass im Laufe einer Einschaltphase des Verdampfers bei niedriger Umwälzleistung mehr Feuchtigkeit abgefangen wird als bei hoher.By varying the circulation capacity of the fan of such a refrigeration device, the heat flow between the two at a given temperature difference between the storage compartment of the refrigeration device and the evaporator is also changed. This means that a reduction in the circulation capacity leads to a reduced heat exchange and thus to a greater cooling of the evaporator. This increased cooling results in more intensive drying of the air flowing past the evaporator. At the same time, the reduced circulation capacity means that when the evaporator and fan are switched on, the cooling of the storage compartment is slower takes place than with a higher circulation capacity, so that the duty cycle of the evaporator is extended. This extension compensates for the reduced circulation capacity and leads to the fact that more moisture is trapped in the course of a switch-on phase of the evaporator with a low circulation capacity than with a high one.
Eine variable Umwälzleistung des Verdampfers kann auf einfache Weise dadurch realisiert werden, dass der Ventilator in der eingeschalteten Phase des Verdampfers zeitweilig ausschaltbar gemacht ist. Vorzugsweise ist eine Steuerschaltung zum Steuern des Betriebes des Verdampfers und des Ventilators vorgesehen, die eingerichtet ist, um bei eingeschaltetem Verdampfer den Ventilator intermittierend zu betreiben und dadurch dessen mittlere Umwälzleistung im Vergleich zu einem kontinuierlichen Betrieb zu drosseln.A variable circulation capacity of the evaporator can be realized in a simple manner by making the fan temporarily switchable in the switched-on phase of the evaporator. Preferably, a control circuit for controlling the operation of the evaporator and the fan is provided, which is set up to operate the fan intermittently when the evaporator is switched on and thereby throttle its average circulation capacity compared to a continuous operation.
Es kann ein Wählschalter an dem Kältegerät vorgesehen sein, der es einem Benutzer ermöglicht, ein gewünschtes Tastverhältnis für den intermittierenden Betrieb des Ventilators einzustellen und so manuell die Trocknungswirkung des Kältegerätes an den Bedarf anzupassen. Bei einer komfortableren Ausgestaltung ist die Steuerschaltung an wenigstens einen Klimasensor zum Erfassen eines Klimaparameters wie etwa derA selector switch can be provided on the refrigeration device, which enables a user to set a desired duty cycle for the intermittent operation of the fan and thus to manually adjust the drying effect of the refrigeration device to the need. In a more convenient embodiment, the control circuit is connected to at least one climate sensor for detecting a climate parameter such as that
Umgebungstemperatur des Kältegerätes, der Feuchtigkeit der Umgebungsluft oder der Feuchtigkeit der Luft im Innenraum gekoppelt und eingerichtet, um das Tastverhältnis in Abhängigkeit von dem wenigstens einen von einem solchen Sensor erfassten Klimaparameter zu steuern.Ambient temperature of the refrigerator, the humidity of the ambient air or the humidity of the air in the interior coupled and set up to control the duty cycle depending on the at least one climate parameter detected by such a sensor.
Einer anderen Ausgestaltung zufolge ist der Ventilator in der eingeschalteten Phase des Verdampfers auf unterschiedliche nichtverschwindende Drehzahlen einstellbar, um die mittlere Umwälzleistung dem Bedarf anzupassen. Auch hier kann ein Wählschalter vorgesehen sein, der es einem Benutzer erlaubt, einer Steuerschaltung des Ventilators eine gewünschte Drehzahl desselben vorzugeben, oder die Steuerschaltung kann an wenigstens einen Klimasensor gekoppelt sein, um die Umwälzleistung des Ventilators anhand eines von diesem Sensor erfassten Klimaparameters und einem vorgegebenen Zielwert der Luftfeuchtigkeit automatisch zu steuern.According to another embodiment, the fan can be set to different non-disappearing speeds in the switched-on phase of the evaporator in order to adapt the mean circulation capacity to the demand. Here, too, a selector switch can be provided, which allows a user to specify a desired speed of rotation of a fan control circuit, or the control circuit can be coupled to at least one climate sensor in order to determine the circulation capacity of the fan on the basis of a climate parameter detected by this sensor and a predefined one Automatically control target humidity.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist auch ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Kältegerätes der oben beschriebenen Art, mit den Schritten:The invention also relates to a method for operating a refrigeration device of the type described above, comprising the steps:
a) Abschätzen eines Feuchtigkeitswertes in dem Lagerfach des Kältegerätes, b) Wählen einer Umwälzleistung für den Ventilators in Abhängigkeit von dem abgeschätzten Feuchtigkeitswert;a) Estimating a moisture value in the storage compartment of the refrigerator, b) selecting a circulation capacity for the fan as a function of the estimated moisture value;
c) Betreiben des Ventilators mit der gewählten Umwälzleistung.c) operating the fan with the selected circulation capacity.
Vorzugsweise handelt es sich bei der Schätzung um eine direkt im betroffenen Lagerfach vorgenommene Luftfeuchtigkeitsmessung. Dann ist es insbesondere möglich, Einflüsse des Betriebs des Verdampfers und des Ventilators auf die Luftfeuchtigkeit im Lagerfach bei der Auswahl der Umwälzleistung zu berücksichtigen. Prinzipiell ist es aber auch möglich, die Luftfeuchtigkeit im Lagerfach anhand von mit ihr korrelierten Größen wie etwa Temperatur und Luftfeuchtigkeit der Umgebung abzuschätzen und die Umwälzleistung in Abhängigkeit vom Ergebnis der Abschätzung zu wählen.The estimate is preferably a humidity measurement carried out directly in the storage compartment concerned. Then it is possible in particular to take into account the influences of the operation of the evaporator and the fan on the air humidity in the storage compartment when selecting the circulation capacity. In principle, however, it is also possible to estimate the air humidity in the storage compartment on the basis of variables correlated with it, such as the temperature and air humidity of the environment, and to select the circulating capacity depending on the result of the estimation.
Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgendenFurther features and advantages of the invention result from the following
Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Figuren. Es zeigen:Description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying figures. Show it:
Figur 1 eine schematische Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen No-Frost-Kältegerätes,FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a no-frost refrigerator according to the invention,
Figur 2 ein Zeitdiagramm des Betriebes von Verdampfer und Ventilator gemäß einer ersten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung; undFigure 2 is a timing diagram of the operation of the evaporator and fan according to a first embodiment of the invention; and
Figur 3 ein Zeitdiagramm analog dem der Figur 2 für eine zweite Ausgestaltung der Erfindung.Figure 3 is a timing diagram analogous to that of Figure 2 for a second embodiment of the invention.
Figur 1 ist eine schematische Darstellung eines Kombinations-Kältegerätes, an dem die vorliegende Erfindung verwirklicht ist. Ein Kühlfach 1 und ein Gefrierfach 2 bilden zwei Temperaturzonen des Kältegerätes. Ein Kältemittelkreislauf umfasst einen Verdichter 3, der ein verdichtetes Kältemittel nacheinander durch zwei Verdampfer 4, 5 des Gefrierfaches 2 bzw. des Kühlfaches 1 pumpt, sowie einen Wärmetauscher 6, den das in den Verdampfern 4, 5 entspannte Kältemittel durchläuft, bevor es wieder in den Verdichter 3 eintritt. Der dem Kühlfach 1 zugeordnete Verdampfer 5 ist in einer von dem Kühlfach 1 durch eine thermisch isolierende Wand 7 abgetrennten Kammer 8 untergebracht. Die Kammer 8 kommuniziert mit dem Kühlfach 1 über Lufteintritts- und - austrittsöffnungen, wobei in einer von diesen ein Ventilator 9 zum Zwangsumwälzen von Luft zwischen der Kammer 8 und dem Kühlfach 1 angeordnet ist. Eine Steuerschaltung 10 ist mit einem im Kühlfach angeordneten Temperatursensor 12 und über Steuerleitungen mit dem Verdichter 3 und dem Ventilator 9 verbunden und ist in der Lage, den Verdichter 3 und den Ventilator 9 - und mittelbar über den Verdichter 3 die Verdampfer 4, 5 - in Abhängigkeit von einer vom Temperatursensor 12 erfassten Temperatur ein- bzw. auszuschalten. Die Steuerschaltung 10 ist ferner an einen Luft- feuchtigkeitssensor 13 angeschlossen, der im Kühlfach 1 angeordnet ist. An der Steuerschaltung 10 kann ein von einem Benutzer betätigbarer Wählschalter 11 vorgesehen sein, der es erlaubt, einen Zielwert für die Luftfeuchtigkeit im Kühlfach 1 einzustellen.Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a combination refrigerator, on which the present invention is implemented. A refrigerator compartment 1 and a freezer compartment 2 form two temperature zones of the refrigerator. A refrigerant circuit comprises a compressor 3, which pumps a compressed refrigerant one after the other through two evaporators 4, 5 of the freezer compartment 2 or the refrigerator compartment 1, and a heat exchanger 6 through which the refrigerant expanded in the evaporators 4, 5 passes before it returns to the Compressor 3 occurs. The evaporator 5 assigned to the cooling compartment 1 is accommodated in a chamber 8 separated from the cooling compartment 1 by a thermally insulating wall 7. The chamber 8 communicates with the cooling compartment 1 via air inlet and outlet openings, a fan 9 for forcibly circulating air being arranged between the chamber 8 and the cooling compartment 1 in one of these. A control circuit 10 is connected to a temperature sensor 12 arranged in the refrigerator compartment and via control lines to the compressor 3 and the fan 9 and is able to control the compressor 3 and the fan 9 - and indirectly via the compressor 3 the evaporators 4, 5 - in Depending on a temperature detected by the temperature sensor 12 on or off. The control circuit 10 is also connected to an air humidity sensor 13 which is arranged in the cooling compartment 1. A control switch 10, which can be operated by a user and which allows a target value for the air humidity in the cooling compartment 1 to be set, can be provided on the control circuit 10.
Der Luftfeuchtigkeitssensor 13 im Kühlfach 1 kann als Variante auch durch einen Luftfeuchtigkeitssensor außerhalb des Kühlfaches und/oder einen Sensor für die Umgebungstemperatur des Kältegerätes ersetzt sein, da deren Messwerte einen Rückschluss auf die Luftfeuchtigkeit im Kühlfach 1 zulassen.The air humidity sensor 13 in the cooling compartment 1 can also be replaced as a variant by an air humidity sensor outside the cooling compartment and / or a sensor for the ambient temperature of the refrigerator, since their measured values allow conclusions to be drawn about the air humidity in the cooling compartment 1.
Figur 2 veranschaulicht die Arbeitsweise der Steuerschaltung 10 anhand der zeitlichen Verläufe einer Mehrzahl von Betriebsparametern des Kältegerätes. Die Kurve 3' gibt den Betriebszustand des Verdichters 3 an. Zum Zeitpunkt t0 ist er ausgeschaltet; sobald der Temperatursensor 12 die Überschreitung einer oberen Grenztemperatur registriert, zur Zeit t-i, wird er eingeschaltet, so lange, bis zur Zeit t2 eine untere Grenztemperatur im Kühlfach 1 unterschritten wird. Ab dieser Zeit erwärmt sich das Kühlfach 1 erneut, bis bei t eine neue Einschaltphase des Verdichters 3 beginnt.FIG. 2 illustrates the mode of operation of the control circuit 10 on the basis of the time profiles of a plurality of operating parameters of the refrigeration device. The curve 3 'indicates the operating state of the compressor 3. At time t 0 it is switched off; as soon as the temperature sensor 12 registers that an upper limit temperature has been exceeded, at time ti, it is switched on until time t 2 falls below a lower limit temperature in the cooling compartment 1. From this time, the cooling compartment 1 heats up again until a new start-up phase of the compressor 3 begins at t.
Von t0 bis ti ist die vom Sensor 13 erfasste Luftfeuchtigkeit im Kühlfach 1 auf einem konstanten, niedrigen Niveau. Mit dem Einschalten des Verdichters 3 geht zum Zeitpunkt ti auch der Ventilator 9 in Betrieb, wie durch eine Kurve 9' dargestellt. Die Temperatur des Verdampfers 5, dargestellt durch eine Kurve 5', geht von einem Ruhewert T0 auf einen Wert 1^ zurück. Feuchtigkeit aus der vom Ventilator 9 umgewälzten Luft schlägt sich am Verdampfer 5 nieder, so dass die Luftfeuchtigkeit 13' bis zum Zeitpunkt t2 der Abschaltung des Ventilators 9 langsam abnimmt. Ab dem Zeitpunkt t3 steigt die Feuchtigkeit 13' stark an, zum Beispiel weil die Tür des Kältegerätes geöffnet wird und warme, feuchte Luft von außen eindringt. Die Steuerschaltung 10 erkennt, dass eine intensivere Trocknung erforderlich ist und betreibt den Ventilator 9, wenn zum Zeitpunkt t4 der Verdichter 3 wieder eingeschaltet wird, intermittierend mit einem Tastverhältnis, das in Abhängigkeit von der zur Zeit t4 erfassten Luftfeuchtigkeit gewählt ist. Dies führt zu einer im Mittel geringeren Umwälzleistung des Ventilators 9 als während des Zeitintervalls ti bis t2, so dass der Wärmeaustausch zwischen dem Verdampfer 5 und dem Kühlfach 1 verlangsamt ist. Die Einschaltzeitspanne t4 bis t5 ist daher länger als die Zeitspanne ^ bis t2, und die während dieser Zeitspanne erreichte Temperatur T2 des Verdampfers 5 ist niedriger als Ti. Diese niedrigere Temperatur T2 führt dazu, dass die am Verdampfer 5 vorbeiströmende Luft effektiver getrocknet wird, und aufgrund der verlängerten Einschaltdauer des Verdichters 3 wird schließlich wieder ein niedriger Luftfeuchtigkeitswert erreicht.From t 0 to ti, the humidity detected by the sensor 13 in the cooling compartment 1 is at a constant, low level. When the compressor 3 is switched on, the fan 9 also starts at the time ti, as shown by a curve 9 '. The temperature of the evaporator 5, represented by a curve 5 ', decreases from a rest value T 0 to a value 1 ^. Moisture from the air circulated by the fan 9 condenses on the evaporator 5, so that the air humidity 13 'slowly decreases until the time t 2 when the fan 9 is switched off. From the time t 3 , the moisture 13 'rises sharply, for example because the door of the refrigeration device is opened and warm, moist air penetrates from the outside. The control circuit 10 recognizes that more intensive drying is required and operates the fan 9 when the compressor 3 is switched on again at the time t 4 , intermittently with a pulse duty factor which is selected as a function of the atmospheric humidity recorded at the time t 4 . This leads to a lower average Circulation capacity of the fan 9 than during the time interval ti to t 2 , so that the heat exchange between the evaporator 5 and the cooling compartment 1 is slowed down. The switch-on period t 4 to t 5 is therefore longer than the period ^ to t 2 , and the temperature T 2 of the evaporator 5 reached during this period is lower than Ti. This lower temperature T 2 leads to the air flowing past the evaporator 5 is dried more effectively, and due to the increased duty cycle of the compressor 3, a low air humidity value is finally reached again.
Das Tastverhältnis, mit dem die Steuerschaltung 10 den Ventilator während der Einschaltphasen des Verdampfers betreibt, ist im einfachsten Fall eine Stufenfunktion, die für niedrige Luftfeuchtigkeiten den Wert 1 und für hohe Luftfeuchtigkeiten einen nicht verschwindenden Wert kleiner als 1 hat; es kann auch eine Stufenfunktion mit einer Vielzahl von mit zunehmender Luftfeuchtigkeit abnehmenden Werten des Tastverhältnisses oder eine kontinuierliche Funktion zur Steuerung herangezogen werden.The duty cycle with which the control circuit 10 operates the fan during the switch-on phases of the evaporator is, in the simplest case, a step function which has the value 1 for low atmospheric humidities and a non-vanishing value less than 1 for high atmospheric humidities; it is also possible to use a step function with a large number of duty cycle values that decrease with increasing humidity or a continuous function for control purposes.
Bei einer zweiten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist die Steuerschaltung 10 ausgelegt, um in Abhängigkeit von einer gemessenen Luftfeuchtigkeit unterschiedliche Drehzahlen des Ventilators 9 einzustellen. Die Arbeitsweise dieser Ausgestaltung ist in Figur 3 dargestellt. Wenn die Luftfeuchtigkeit niedrig ist, läuft in einer Einschaltphase des Verdampfers 4 der Ventilator 9 mit maximaler Drehzahl, und die zeitlichen Verläufe von Ein- und Ausschaltphasen, Verdampfertemperatur und Luftfeuchtigkeit sind die gleichen wie im Falle der Figur 2. Infolgedessen unterscheidet sich das Diagramm der Figur 3 bis zum Zeitpunkt t nicht von dem der Figur 2. Zum Zeitpunkt t wählt die Steuerschaltung 10 anhand des zu diesem Zeitpunkt gemessenen hohen Luftfeuchtigkeitswertes eine Drehzahl des Ventilators 9, die kleiner als dessen maximale Drehzahl ist. Während des Betriebes des Verdichters und des Ventilators nimmt die Luftfeuchtigkeit kontinuierlich ab, und dementsprechend steigt die Drehzahl des Ventilators 9, die die Steuerschaltung 10 anhand der gemessenen Luftfeuchtigkeit wählt, und mit zunehmender Umwälzleistung des Ventilators 9 steigt auch die Temperatur des Verdampfers 5 auf einem großen Teil des Zeitintervalls t4 bis t5 kontinuierlich an.In a second embodiment of the invention, the control circuit 10 is designed to set different speeds of the fan 9 as a function of a measured air humidity. The operation of this embodiment is shown in Figure 3. If the air humidity is low, the fan 9 runs at maximum speed in a switch-on phase of the evaporator 4, and the chronological courses of the switch-on and switch-off phases, evaporator temperature and air humidity are the same as in the case of FIG. 2. As a result, the diagram of the figure differs 3 up to time t not from that of FIG. 2. At time t, the control circuit 10 uses the high humidity value measured at this time to select a speed of the fan 9 which is less than its maximum speed. During the operation of the compressor and the fan, the air humidity decreases continuously, and accordingly the speed of the fan 9, which the control circuit 10 selects on the basis of the measured air humidity, and with increasing circulation capacity of the fan 9, the temperature of the evaporator 5 also rises to a high level Part of the time interval t 4 to t 5 continuously.
In den Figuren 2 und 3 ist der Fall einer schnellen Austrocknung dargestellt, bei der eine einzige Einschaltphase t bis t5 genügt, um die Luftfeuchtigkeit im Kühlfach auf einen Zielwert zurückzuführen. Selbstverständlich kann sich der Trocknungsvorgang auch auf mehrere aufeinanderfolgende Einschaltphasen verteilen.FIGS. 2 and 3 show the case of rapid drying out, in which a single switch-on phase t to t 5 is sufficient to reduce the air humidity in the cooling compartment Target value. Of course, the drying process can also be spread over several successive switch-on phases.
Bei den Figuren 2 und 3 wurde davon ausgegangen, dass jeweils die maximale Umwälzleistung des Ventilators 9 einem gewünschten niedrigen Luftfeuchtigkeitswert im Kühlfach entspricht, so dass durch Drosseln der Umwälzleistung eine verstärkte Trocknung zu erreichen ist. Es ist jedoch durchaus zweckmäßig, den Ventilator 9 so zu dimensionieren, dass eine gewünschte Luftfeuchtigkeit bereits mit einer mittleren Umwälzleistung des Ventilators zu erreichen ist. Dies erlaubt es, durch Erhöhen der Umwälzleistung über diese mittlere Leistung hinaus den Wärmeaustausch zwischen Kühlfach 1 und Verdampfer 5 zu intensivieren, so dass sich die Dauer einer Einschaltphase des Verdichters 3 verkürzt und in dieser Einschaltphase aufgrund einer relativ hohenIn FIGS. 2 and 3 it was assumed that the maximum circulation capacity of the fan 9 corresponds in each case to a desired low air humidity value in the cooling compartment, so that increased drying can be achieved by throttling the circulation capacity. However, it is entirely expedient to dimension the fan 9 in such a way that a desired atmospheric humidity can already be achieved with an average circulation capacity of the fan. This makes it possible to intensify the heat exchange between the cooling compartment 1 and the evaporator 5 by increasing the circulation capacity beyond this average capacity, so that the duration of a switch-on phase of the compressor 3 is shortened and in this switch-on phase due to a relatively high one
Temperatur des Verdampfers 5 dessen Trocknungswirkung abgeschwächt ist. Dadurch ist es auch möglich, die Luftfeuchtigkeit im Kühlfach 1 gezielt zu erhöhen, wenn diese unter einen gewünschten Wert abfällt. Temperature of the evaporator 5 whose drying effect is weakened. This also makes it possible to specifically increase the humidity in the cooling compartment 1 if it drops below a desired value.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. No-Frost-Kältegerät mit wenigstens einem Lagerfach (1), einem in einer vom1. No-frost refrigerator with at least one storage compartment (1), one in one
Lagerfach (1) getrennten Kammer (8) angeordneten, abwechselnd ein- und ausgeschalteten Verdampfer (5) und einem Ventilator (9) zum Umwälzen vonStorage compartment (1) separate chamber (8) arranged, alternately switched on and off evaporator (5) and a fan (9) for circulating
Luft zwischen dem Lagerfach (1) und der Kammer (8) des Verdampfers (5), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine mittlere Umwälzleistung des Ventilators (9) in einer eingeschalteten Phase des Verdampfers (5) variabel gemacht ist.Air between the storage compartment (1) and the chamber (8) of the evaporator (5), characterized in that an average circulation capacity of the fan (9) is made variable when the evaporator (5) is switched on.
2. No-Frost-Kältegerät nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der2. No-frost refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that the
Ventilator (9) in der eingeschalteten Phase des Verdampfers (5) zeitweilig ausschaltbar ist.Fan (9) can be switched off temporarily in the switched-on phase of the evaporator (5).
3. No-Frost-Kältegerät nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Steuerschaltung (10) zum Steuern des Betriebs des Verdampfers (5) und des3. No-frost refrigerator according to claim 2, characterized in that a control circuit (10) for controlling the operation of the evaporator (5) and
Ventilators (9) eingerichtet ist, um bei eingeschaltetem Verdampfer (5) den Ventilator (9) intermittierend zu betreiben.Fan (9) is set up to operate the fan (9) intermittently when the evaporator (5) is switched on.
4. No-Frost-Kältegerät nach Anspruch 3, gekennzeichnet durch einen Wählschalter, an dem ein Tastverhältnis für den intermittierenden Betrieb des Ventilators (9) einstellbar ist.4. No-frost refrigerator according to claim 3, characterized by a selector switch on which a pulse duty factor for the intermittent operation of the fan (9) is adjustable.
5. No-Frost-Kältegerät nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Steuerschaltung (10) an wenigstens einen Klimasensor (13) gekoppelt ist und das Tastverhältnis in Abhängigkeit von wenigstens einem von dem Sensor (13) erfassten Klimaparameter regelt.5. No-frost refrigerator according to claim 3, characterized in that the control circuit (10) is coupled to at least one climate sensor (13) and regulates the duty cycle as a function of at least one climate parameter detected by the sensor (13).
6. No-Frost-Kältegerät nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ventilator (9) in der eingeschalteten Phase des Verdampfers (5) auf unterschiedliche nichtverschwindende Drehzahlen einstellbar ist. 6. No-frost refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that the fan (9) in the switched-on phase of the evaporator (5) can be set to different non-disappearing speeds.
7. No-Frost-Kältegerät nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine7. No-frost refrigerator according to claim 6, characterized in that a
Steuerschaltung (10) zum Steuern des Betriebs des Verdampfers (5) und des Ventilators (9) eingerichtet ist, um bei eingeschaltetem Verdampfer (5) den Ventilator (9) mit einer von mehreren wählbaren nichtverschwindenden Drehzahlen zu betreiben.Control circuit (10) for controlling the operation of the evaporator (5) and the fan (9) is set up to operate the fan (9) at one of several selectable non-disappearing speeds when the evaporator (5) is switched on.
8. No-Frost-Kältegerät nach Anspruch 7, gekennzeichnet durch einen Wählschalter, an dem eine Drehzahl für den Betrieb des Ventilators einstellbar ist.8. No-frost refrigerator according to claim 7, characterized by a selector switch on which a speed for the operation of the fan is adjustable.
9. No-Frost-Kältegerät nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Steuerschaltung (10) an wenigstens einen Klimasensor (13) gekoppelt ist und die9. No-frost refrigerator according to claim 7, characterized in that the control circuit (10) is coupled to at least one climate sensor (13) and the
Drehzahl anhand eines von dem Sensor (13) erfassten Klimaparameters regelt.Controls speed using a climate parameter detected by the sensor (13).
10. Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Kältegeräts nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, mit den Schritten: a) Abschätzen eines Feuchtigkeitswerts in dem Lagerfach (1); b) Wählen einer Umwälzleistung für den Ventilators in Abhängigkeit von dem abgeschätzten Feuchtigkeitswert; c) Betreiben des Ventilators mit der gewählten Umwälzleistung.10. A method for operating a refrigerator according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps of: a) estimating a moisture value in the storage compartment (1); b) selecting a circulation capacity for the fan as a function of the estimated moisture value; c) operating the fan with the selected circulation capacity.
11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Umwälzleistung um so niedriger gewählt wird, je höher der abgeschätzte Feuchtigkeitswert ist. 11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the circulation rate is chosen the lower, the higher the estimated moisture value.
PCT/EP2004/006256 2003-06-11 2004-06-09 Refrigeration device comprising controlled de-humidification WO2004109205A1 (en)

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EP1636530A1 (en) 2006-03-22
US20070137227A1 (en) 2007-06-21

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