WO2004097749A1 - Dispositif emetteur d'un systeme d'acces comportant un nombre d'antennes pour ondes longues - Google Patents

Dispositif emetteur d'un systeme d'acces comportant un nombre d'antennes pour ondes longues Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004097749A1
WO2004097749A1 PCT/DE2004/000774 DE2004000774W WO2004097749A1 WO 2004097749 A1 WO2004097749 A1 WO 2004097749A1 DE 2004000774 W DE2004000774 W DE 2004000774W WO 2004097749 A1 WO2004097749 A1 WO 2004097749A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antennas
amplifier
current
control
transmitting device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2004/000774
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Uli Joos
Heinrich Haas
Original Assignee
Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102004011927A external-priority patent/DE102004011927A1/de
Application filed by Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh filed Critical Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh
Priority to DE112004001224T priority Critical patent/DE112004001224D2/de
Publication of WO2004097749A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004097749A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R25/00—Fittings or systems for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles
    • B60R25/20—Means to switch the anti-theft system on or off
    • B60R25/24—Means to switch the anti-theft system on or off using electronic identifiers containing a code not memorised by the user
    • B60R25/245—Means to switch the anti-theft system on or off using electronic identifiers containing a code not memorised by the user where the antenna reception area plays a role
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H01Q1/3208—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used
    • H01Q1/3233—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used particular used as part of a sensor or in a security system, e.g. for automotive radar, navigation systems
    • H01Q1/3241—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used particular used as part of a sensor or in a security system, e.g. for automotive radar, navigation systems particular used in keyless entry systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q11/00—Electrically-long antennas having dimensions more than twice the shortest operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q11/12—Resonant antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C2009/00753—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys
    • G07C2009/00769—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means
    • G07C2009/00793—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means by Hertzian waves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a transmission device with a number of long-wave antennas of an access system of a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle.
  • Such an access system which is often also referred to as a passive entry system, is usually part of a superordinate keyless remote control system which, in addition to automatically unlocking the door of a vehicle, also controls its engine starting system and / or an immobilizer.
  • a system comprises, for example, a transmitting or transmitting and receiving device (transponder) integrated in the vehicle key and carried by a person authorized for the vehicle, and a vehicle-based transmitting and receiving device (transceiver).
  • an exchange of security codes or access data based on high-frequency (HF) and / or low-frequency (LF) - and thus short-wave or long-wave - carrier signals takes place between the portable transponder and the vehicle-based transceiver.
  • the location of the transponder is detected using several long-wave antennas arranged in or on the vehicle.
  • the long-wave antennas can be activated sequentially by a vehicle-based control system.
  • the transponder responds to such a long-wave-based interrogation signal with a security-coded HF signal to identify the access authorization. If necessary, a vehicle-based control system unlocks the vehicle door so that it can be opened by manually operating the door handle.
  • the transmit antennas are usually individually controlled by means of separate drivers, which leads to a considerable amount of circuitry, particularly when high demands are placed on a driver output stage.
  • EP 0741 221 B1 shows a receiving device with a multiplexer for selective reception via several antennas.
  • DE 19752149 AI transmitting and receiving device transmitter
  • an amplifier device at the output of which several long-wave antennas can optionally be connected via a multiplexer.
  • the multiplexer is formed by switching means which sequentially connect the amplifier device to one of the long-wave antennas.
  • DE 19752149 AI relays are provided as switching means, which, at least for some applications, have an excessive delay time and the costs and the required installation space are disadvantageous.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a particularly suitable transmission device, in particular for the door control of a motor vehicle.
  • the advantages achieved with the invention consist in particular in that a direct transmission of all long-wave transmission antennas together and their individual activation by means of a multiplexer device result in a reliable transmission drive is achieved with a particularly space-saving or space-saving and thus effective circuit or component arrangement.
  • the direct control of the long-wave transmit antennas achieves on the one hand particularly reliable location detection and on the other hand particularly reliable energy transmission into a transponder, in particular into an intelligent vehicle key.
  • MOSFET switching transistors are preferably used, since they have an extremely low power loss and enable particularly fast control, in particular also phase modulation.
  • the execution of the multiplexer in SMART-MOSFET technology also leads to a resistance of the arrangement against short circuits of the antenna line.
  • the direct control of the long-wave transmission antennas formed from transmission coils in series resonance by means of a trapezoidal or rectangular voltage means that the circuitry and thus the cost are particularly low, especially since several transmitters can be controlled from a central control device and the transmission antennas can be connected directly to the amplifier output.
  • the sinusoidal transmission current with a limitation of its peak value by means of a rapid current cut-off and synchronization by pulse width modulation at the control input of the amplifier, its output power is stably adjusted to a particularly high power value.
  • the output stage of the amplifier can be operated in a saturated manner, so that only a low power loss occurs in its driver or driver stage.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically in a block diagram the circuit of a transmission device with a single amplifier and a number of transmission antennas
  • FIG. 2 shows a comparatively detailed circuit of the block diagram according to FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 shows a signal diagram to illustrate the functioning of a current control of the transmitting device
  • the transmitting device 1 comprises an amplifier device in the form of a central amplifier 2, the operating voltage U B of which is supplied by the vehicle battery (not shown).
  • a number of long-wave transmit antennas LF ⁇ ... n are connected directly and jointly to the output LF ou t of the amplifier 2.
  • the antennas LF ⁇ ... n are individually activated by a multiplexer device or a multiplexer 4 and thereby in a specific order and time sequence activated and thus activated one after the other.
  • the multiplexer device 4 connected downstream of the antennas LF ⁇ ... n is connected to ground GND.
  • a shunt 8 for current measurement which is part of a current control 10, is connected in the ground branch 6 of the multiplexer 4.
  • the current control 10 comprises a current detector 12 in the form of an overcurrent comparator, one input - here the (+) input - a reference signal I Ref and the other input - here the (-) input - one via the antennas LF ⁇ ... n and the multiplexer 4 guided transmission current I LF is supplied.
  • the current detector 12 is connected to an input Ei of a control logic 14, at the second input E of which a low-frequency clock signal LF c i k is carried at a frequency of expediently 125 kHz.
  • the control logic 14 is connected to a control input P n of the amplifier 2.
  • the amplifier 2 When the transmitting device 1 is in operation, the amplifier 2, which is driven on the input side with the low-frequency trigger signal LF CLK, generates a trapezoidal or rectangular voltage on the output side, which voltage is used directly via the amplifier output LF out to jointly control the antennas LF ⁇ ... n .
  • the antennas LF ⁇ ... n are connected to the amplifier 2 in succession in a predefinable time sequence by means of the multiplexer 4. This results in a particularly low-loss control.
  • the transmission current I L F conducted via the respectively activated antenna LF n is detected on the base side of the multiplexer 4 by means of the shunt 8 and is fed to the (-) input of the current detector 12 referred to below as an overcurrent comparator.
  • the overcurrent comparator 12 compares the transmission current I LF with the reference value I Ref . If the reference value I R ⁇ f is exceeded , the current control 10 is used to limit the current of the transmission current I LF to the predefinable reference value I Ref , which represents the setpoint of the current control 10.
  • the overcurrent comparator 12 generates a control or trigger signal S ⁇ on the output side, which is fed via the control logic 14 to the input P n of the amplifier 2 for controlling the output power of its output stage.
  • the actual value of the transmission current I LF is adapted to the target value I Ref with a good approximation, with good quality of the transmission device 1 acting as the transmission circuit.
  • each long-wave transmission antenna LF n is designed as a transmission coil L n , which is tuned for series resonance by means of a capacitor C n connected in series therewith.
  • the multiplexer 4 which is directly connected to the antennas LF n directly driven by the amplifier 2 by means of a trapezoidal or rectangular voltage, is expediently designed in MOSFET technology.
  • the multiplexer 4 in each antenna branch AZi to AZ n comprises a power transistor (MOSFET) which is controlled on the gate side by means of a corresponding control signal M c for activating the respective antenna LF n . Accordingly, only each controlled power transistor performs the multiplexer 4 to the (entire) transmitting current I LF as a result of actuation of the in the corresponding antenna branch AZ n arranged LF antenna n by means of the trapezoidal generated by the amplifier 2 or the rectangular voltage.
  • the implementation of the multiplexer 4 in SMART-MOSFET technology advantageously leads to a resistance of the arrangement against short-circuits of the antenna line thanks to integrated current and voltage monitoring.
  • the control logic 14 is constructed according to FIG. 2 from a logic AND gate or gate 16 and a switching mechanism 18, hereinafter referred to as a PWM latch.
  • This is expediently designed as an edge-controlled D flip-flop (latch flip-flop) which, according to the signal diagram in FIG. 3, triggers on the positive edge of the clock signal LF clk .
  • This PWM latch thus serves for the synchronization of the control or regulating signal S ⁇ with the clock LF c ⁇ k and for pulse width modulation (PWM) of the input signal P ⁇ n of the amplifier 2.
  • PWM pulse width modulation
  • control signal S ⁇ supplied by the overcurrent comparator 12 which is formed by comparing the transmission current I LF measured in the ground or ground branch 6 of the multiplexer 4 with the setpoint or reference value I R8f , used to control the PWM latch 18.
  • the input clock LF c i k (50% duty cycle) is thus present at the input P ⁇ n of the amplifier 2 and its output stage controls the full output power.
  • the amplifier 2 can be deactivated via an ENABLE input E ⁇ b ⁇ , so that the power consumption in the idle state of the transmitting device 1 is negligible.
  • the amplifier 2 is designed as a source follower and thus as a power amplifier with MOS field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) in a drain circuit.
  • MOSFETs MOS field-effect transistors
  • This design of the amplifier 2 and thus the common driver output stage for all transmission antennas LF ⁇ ... n limits the rise time of the rectangular or trapezoidal output voltage at the output LF out of the amplifier 2 or its output stage. This keeps the electromagnetic radiation and thus the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) particularly low.
  • EMC electromagnetic compatibility
  • a further limitation of the electromagnetic radiation or EMC is expediently achieved by a suitable edge shaping of the preferably rectangular output voltage (LF out ).
  • the current mirrors connected to the respective voltage supplies + VH and -VH of the amplifier 2 SSI and SS2 are current-controlled current sources which transfer the current impressed on the input side into the capacitor C1.
  • the (mirrored) reference currents charge the capacitor Cl via the cascode stages formed by the diode Dl and the transistor T3 or the diode D2 and the transistor T4, the potential at the capacitor Cl alternating between approximately the potentials + VH and -VH.
  • the rate of rise of the charging voltage across the capacitor C1 is set with the resistors R2, R3 and with the capacity of the capacitor C1.
  • R5, R6 the voltage ramp at the capacitor C1 can additionally be slowed down in the range of the supply voltages + VH and -VH (edge shaping).
  • transistors T7 to T10 with resistors R7 to RIO forms a current amplifier which decouples the voltage across capacitor C1 and drives an output stage driver T15, T16.
  • the transistors TU and T12 and the resistor R11 form a switchable current source, the output current of which is mirrored at the highest or lowest potential + VH or -VH with the two current mirrors SS3 and SS4 and via which through the diode D5 and the transistor T13 or the diode D6 and the transistor T14 formed cascode stage is coupled out.
  • the current mirrors with cascode offer the advantage of high output resistances and large amplifications in the respective driver stages T7 to T10 and T15, T16 of the amplifier device second
  • the decoupled symmetrical current flows through a network formed by the diodes D7, D8 and the resistors R12, R13 and thus generates an offset voltage for driving the control inputs of the output stage of the amplifier 2.
  • the output stage is in through MOS field-effect transistors T17 and T18 Source follower configuration formed so that the offset voltage drives their gates. Due to the constant current supply to this network D7, R12; D8, R13, the gate voltage offset remains constant over the entire range of control, only the center voltage at the resistors R12 and R13 having to be controlled by the current amplifier T7 to T10, R7 to RIO.
  • the offset can be influenced in such a way that the cross current in the output or output stage formed by the MOSFETs T17 and T18 over a wide temperature range remains almost constant.
  • this property can also be achieved by controlling the respective reference current as a function of the temperature.
  • either the resistor R11 can be replaced by a temperature-dependent resistor or the base voltage at the transistor TU can be modulated by an external control device.
  • the offset voltage directly controls the respective gate of the output stage transistors T17 and T18 via the emitter follower formed by the transistors T15 and T16.
  • a network formed by the resistor R14 and the capacitor C2 ensures that the gates of the output transistors T17 and T18 can be moved dynamically in both directions. Instead of this network R14, C2, alternatively, complementary followers can also be used to control the final stage transistors T17, T18.
  • a clamping network formed by the diodes D9 to D12 ensures that, in the event of a short circuit at the amplifier output LFout, the maximum permissible gate-source voltage of the output transistors T17, T18 is not exceeded and is therefore not destroyed.
  • the currents in the output paths of the output stage transistors T17 and T18 are measured via operational amplifiers OPV1 and OPV2 connected to resistors R15 and R16 and monitored for diagnostic purposes.
  • the output stage formed by the two output transistors T17 and T18 can be thermally destroyed in the event of a short circuit or an overload at the output LF out and before an excessive cross-current in the output stage T17, by a suitable combination of the current values detected in this case with the transmission current I LF , T18 are protected.
  • the electromagnetic radiation is limited to reliable values without additional filter measures at the output LF out .
  • the slew rate of the rectangular or trapezoidal output voltage of the power amplifier 2 can be largely reduced by avoiding an impairment of the properties of the transmission current control 10 by symmetrical design of the switching edges. With this active influence on the switching edges, the e- minimized electromagnetic radiation of the transmission amplifier 1 and thus the transmission device 1.
  • the amplifier properties are particularly favorable, while avoiding an ineffective increase in the total expenditure, by using only a single power amplifier 2 for jointly controlling the multiple long-wave transmit antennas LF ⁇ ... n .
  • the transmitter device 1 can be operated in a motor vehicle without additional filter expenditure.
  • the electromagnetic radiation is kept particularly low.
  • the control method described is by means of rectangular or trapezoidal output voltage with regard to the resulting low circuit complexity and the low power loss in the power output stage T17, T18 of the power amplifier 2 particularly advantageous.
  • I LF transmit current / actual value

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Transmitters (AREA)

Abstract

Selon l'invention, pour actionner un dispositif émetteur (1) de système d'accès, notamment d'automobile, comportant un nombre d'antennes pour ondes longues (LF1, n), ces dernières sont pilotées ensemble au moyen d'un amplificateur de puissance (2) central et sont activées individuellement par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif multiplexeur (4). Le dispositif émetteur (1) comprend à cet effet un dispositif multiplexeur (4) pour activer dans chaque cas une antenne pour ondes longues individuelle (LFn) et un dispositif d'amplification (2), à la sortie (Lfout) duquel sont raccordées ensemble, les antennes pour ondes longues (LF1 n). Le dispositif multiplexeur (4) est disposé sur la face masse des antennes pour ondes longues (LFn ), opposée au dispositif d'amplification (2), ce qui permet de réguler de manière aisée des éléments de commutation micro-électroniques avec des signaux de commande en rapport avec la masse et d'augmenter considérablement la vitesse de commutation.
PCT/DE2004/000774 2003-04-25 2004-04-14 Dispositif emetteur d'un systeme d'acces comportant un nombre d'antennes pour ondes longues WO2004097749A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE112004001224T DE112004001224D2 (de) 2003-04-25 2004-04-14 Sendevorrichtung eines Zugangssystems mit einer Anzahl von Langwellenantennen

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10318727.8 2003-04-25
DE10318727 2003-04-25
DE102004011927.9 2004-03-11
DE102004011927A DE102004011927A1 (de) 2003-04-25 2004-03-11 Sendevorrichtung eines Zugangssystems mit einer Anzahl von Langwellenantennen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004097749A1 true WO2004097749A1 (fr) 2004-11-11

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Country Link
WO (1) WO2004097749A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006060974A1 (fr) * 2004-12-04 2006-06-15 Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh Dispositif d'emission destine a plusieurs antennes paralleles entre elles, qui peuvent etre alimentees independamment les unes des autres par une ligne d'alimentation respective
WO2007006245A1 (fr) * 2005-07-08 2007-01-18 Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh Systeme de controle d'acces pour un vehicule automobile
WO2007079711A1 (fr) * 2006-01-09 2007-07-19 Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh Système d’antennes, système de contrôle d’accès pour un véhicule automobile et procédé de diagnostic
WO2007112717A1 (fr) * 2006-04-06 2007-10-11 Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh Procédé et circuiterie d'excitation d'une antenne émettrice
EP2020697A1 (fr) * 2007-07-12 2009-02-04 Omron Corporation Dispositif de transmission

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10004616A1 (de) * 2000-02-03 2001-08-30 Siemens Ag Schaltungsanordnung für eine Sende- und/oder Empfangseinrichtung
US20010028296A1 (en) * 2000-03-01 2001-10-11 Hideki Masudaya Keyless entry apparatus capable of selectively controlling only member to be controlled closest to user
US6388631B1 (en) * 2001-03-19 2002-05-14 Hrl Laboratories Llc Reconfigurable interleaved phased array antenna
WO2004001681A1 (fr) * 2002-06-24 2003-12-31 Johnson Controls Technology Company Dispositif d'emission radioelectrique ayant une unite de gestion centralisee et une pluralite d'antennes d'emission distantes

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10004616A1 (de) * 2000-02-03 2001-08-30 Siemens Ag Schaltungsanordnung für eine Sende- und/oder Empfangseinrichtung
US20010028296A1 (en) * 2000-03-01 2001-10-11 Hideki Masudaya Keyless entry apparatus capable of selectively controlling only member to be controlled closest to user
US6388631B1 (en) * 2001-03-19 2002-05-14 Hrl Laboratories Llc Reconfigurable interleaved phased array antenna
WO2004001681A1 (fr) * 2002-06-24 2003-12-31 Johnson Controls Technology Company Dispositif d'emission radioelectrique ayant une unite de gestion centralisee et une pluralite d'antennes d'emission distantes

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006060974A1 (fr) * 2004-12-04 2006-06-15 Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh Dispositif d'emission destine a plusieurs antennes paralleles entre elles, qui peuvent etre alimentees independamment les unes des autres par une ligne d'alimentation respective
WO2007006245A1 (fr) * 2005-07-08 2007-01-18 Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh Systeme de controle d'acces pour un vehicule automobile
WO2007079711A1 (fr) * 2006-01-09 2007-07-19 Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh Système d’antennes, système de contrôle d’accès pour un véhicule automobile et procédé de diagnostic
US8140032B2 (en) 2006-01-09 2012-03-20 Conti Temic Microelectronics Gmbh Antenna system and diagnosis method for a vehicle access control system
WO2007112717A1 (fr) * 2006-04-06 2007-10-11 Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh Procédé et circuiterie d'excitation d'une antenne émettrice
EP2020697A1 (fr) * 2007-07-12 2009-02-04 Omron Corporation Dispositif de transmission

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