WO2004097650A1 - データ記録装置 - Google Patents
データ記録装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004097650A1 WO2004097650A1 PCT/JP2004/005575 JP2004005575W WO2004097650A1 WO 2004097650 A1 WO2004097650 A1 WO 2004097650A1 JP 2004005575 W JP2004005575 W JP 2004005575W WO 2004097650 A1 WO2004097650 A1 WO 2004097650A1
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Classifications
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- G06F3/0628—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems making use of a particular technique
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- G11B27/32—Indexing; Addressing; Timing or synchronising; Measuring tape travel by using information detectable on the record carrier by using information signals recorded by the same method as the main recording on separate auxiliary tracks of the same or an auxiliary record carrier
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus for recording and reproducing video and audio using a semiconductor memory medium.
- Flash memory is a non-volatile memory that can record and erase data electrically, and retains the recorded data even when the power is turned off. Since semiconductor memory cards do not have the mechanical drive parts required for conventional tape and disk devices, they are small, lightweight and resistant to impact, and are used in various applications such as digital cameras. However, recording high-quality video and audio is insufficient for this purpose because the storage capacity per semiconductor memory card is small and the data transfer rate for recording and playback is low.
- a semiconductor memory pack device which aims to improve storage capacity and transfer rate by combining a plurality of semiconductor memory cards.
- data can be simultaneously recorded on a plurality of semiconductor memory cards, so that the recording transfer rate is reduced. Speed up.
- many conventional semiconductor memory cards have flash memory inside, and have the characteristic that data of a fixed size called an erase block is erased electrically and collectively.
- the size of the erase block is When recording less than the required data, the data of the block is once read and retained, the block data is erased at once, and the retained data is partially updated to recorded data. Will be written back to the block.
- Such an operation called a read-modify-write operation, complicates the recording operation and causes a decrease in the recording transfer rate.
- the size of the data to be recorded must be the same size as the erase block, or an integral multiple of it, in order to avoid such partial data update for the erase block. Then, it is necessary to match the address to be recorded to the beginning of the erase block.
- a file system generally manages files in units of a predetermined data size, such as a sector or a class.
- a predetermined data size such as a sector or a class.
- the size of one sector or class may be insufficient to handle the large data unit described above. In such a case, it is necessary for the file system to record a plurality of continuous sectors and a plurality of continuous classes collectively in the above device.
- FIGS. 2A to 2C are diagrams showing recording areas in a conventional semiconductor memory pack device.
- 201 represents a management unit.
- the management unit corresponds to a sector or a class of the file system.
- Each of 20 2 to 2 12 represents a management unit of the same size as 201.
- an erase block 220 is composed of management units 201 to 204, and represents a unit which is electrically erased collectively.
- the erase block 230 is composed of management units 205 to 208
- the erase block 240 is composed of management units 209 to 212.
- a recording area 250 represents a recording area used when recording data, and the recording area 250 is composed of management units 203 to 206.
- the recording area 260 is composed of management units 207 to 210
- the recording area 270 is composed of management units 201 to 204
- the recording area 2 80 is composed of management units 209 to 211.
- the management units 201 and 202 indicated by diagonal lines in FIG. 2 (b) and the management unit 206 in FIG. 2 (c) both indicate that data has already been recorded. The file exists in the management unit.
- FIG. 2 (a) it is assumed that the management units 201 to 212 are unused. In this case, in order to record data at the highest transfer rate in the semiconductor memory pack device, it is desirable to record data in a continuous address for each erase block unit. The reason for this is that, as described above, the data in the semiconductor memory medium is electrically erased collectively in erase block units. Therefore, by recording data in data units corresponding to the size of this block, read-modify-write can be prevented. Furthermore, depending on the type of the semiconductor memory card, there is a type of card in which the recording process is parallelized inside the semiconductor memory card when data is recorded in units of erase blocks and in a continuous address.
- the ideal recording method in Fig. 2 (a) is that the erase block 2 2 0, 2 3 0, 2 4 is used as a recording unit with a data size of the total of the management units 201 to 204. by recorded continuously on 0 order, t however high transfer rate is achieved, present in FIG. 2 (b), the management unit 2 0 1 and 2 0 2, as already recorded de Isseki file are doing. Since the file system that can create a file with size management unit, an exchange medium may be such a small file with other access devices are created c In this case, the data size of the erase block When data is recorded, data is first recorded in the recording area 250, and then data is recorded in the recording area 260.
- FIG. 2 (c) data already recorded in the management unit 206 exists.
- data of the same size as the erase block size is recorded in the recording area 270, and then, in order to avoid read / modify / write, data is written to the erase block including the management unit 206.
- the data is recorded in the recording area 280 corresponding to the next erase block, that is, the area from the management unit 209 to 211.
- read-modify-write does not occur, but has the following problems.
- the management units 205, 207 and 208 are free areas even though they are free areas. Not used for recording. This means wasteful use of the recording area, and when there are a large number of erased blocks that include partially recorded management units, such as management units 205 to 208, so-called To record data at a high transfer rate in a fragmented state, these areas cannot be used for recording, and the capacity of the recording medium cannot be used effectively.
- FIG. 2 (c) there is a space between the recording area 270 and the recording area 280. Addresses are discontinuous. If the addresses become discontinuous, data cannot be recorded at a high transfer rate as described above.
- the management information is, for example, data of a table / bitmap indicating the use status of a sector or a cluster, information of the size of a file being recorded, and the like.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide a data recording device capable of recording data at high speed in a semiconductor memory pack device incorporating a plurality of flash memories operating in parallel.
- the data recording device of the present invention uses the following means.
- a data recording device is a data recording device for recording data in a semiconductor memory pack device having a plurality of flash memories that perform a recording operation in parallel, wherein the data should be recorded in the semiconductor memory pack device.
- a file management unit that manages data as a file, wherein the file management unit determines a data recording unit of data to be supplied to the semiconductor memory pack device with a size obtained by summing erase block sizes of the plurality of flash memories. And a common multiple of the data management size in the file management unit.
- the data management unit of the file management unit may be an integer multiple of a total size of erase blocks of the plurality of flash memories. It is preferable that the size is the same as the data recording unit.
- the file management unit sets the data of the same file in the data recording unit.
- the file management unit may be configured so that the semiconductor memory pack device has a free space corresponding to the data recording unit. It is preferable to record only.
- the data recording device of the present invention in the first or second configuration, when the file management unit records data of a different file in the data recording unit, It is preferable to rearrange the recording data so that the data in the unit is the same file.
- the semiconductor memory pack device in the first or second configuration, has an area for recording file management information of the file management unit;
- the audio data stored as data to be supplied to the semiconductor memory pack device is amount in integer multiples and Natsuta point of the data Xi recording unit, wherein c thereby it is preferable to update the file management information recorded in the semiconductor memory pack device, have become conventional obstacles to high-speed recording Prevents read-modify-eye-writes and, as a result, reduces the number of rewrites for semiconductor memory cards Door is possible.
- the recording of audio data having a low bit rate as a trigger for writing back the file management information, the number of times of rewriting the file management information in the semiconductor memory pack device is not unnecessarily increased.
- the data recording device of the present invention has the first or second configuration.
- the file management unit records an MPEG stream in a file
- the flash memory is mounted on the semiconductor memory pack device as a semiconductor memory card.
- the data recording device of the present invention is a data recording device for recording data in accordance with a FAT file system on a semiconductor memory pack device having a plurality of built-in flash memories, the number of sectors actually existing in the semiconductor memory pack device.
- the total number of sectors which is obtained by adding the number of non-existent virtual sectors and the total number of non-existent virtual sectors, is managed by the FAT file system. It is characterized in that it is excluded from data write targets by storing meaningful values.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a data recording device and a semiconductor memory pack device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a recording area in a conventional semiconductor memory pack device. It is.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a data recording unit and an erase block. Cluster allocation according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing data recording units, erase blocks, and cluster allocation according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing data recording units, erase blocks, and free clusters according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a data recording unit and a file recording arrangement before rearrangement in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a data recording unit and a file recording arrangement after rearrangement in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a method for reproducing a real-time data file according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a method for reproducing a real-time data file according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a method for reproducing a real-time data file according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a method for reproducing a real-time data file according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the boot section of the FAT defined by IS ⁇ ZIEC 9293.
- FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing a functional configuration of the data recording device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of a method for rearranging data in a data recording unit in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- 110 is a data recording device for instructing data recording
- 120 is a semiconductor memory pack device for recording data.
- the data recording device 110 is a device that records data in the semiconductor memory pack device 120, and is, for example, a personal computer, a video camera, a disk recorder, or a digital camera, but is not limited thereto.
- the data recording device 110 includes hardware such as a CPU 111, a main memory 112, a force connector 113, and the like.
- the CPU 111 controls the operation of the entire arithmetic processing unit.
- the main memory 1 12 is a power connector 1 13 for temporarily storing data to be recorded in the semiconductor memory pack device 120, software for controlling the operation of the data recording device 110, and results of arithmetic processing by the CPU 111.
- FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing a functional internal configuration of the data recording device 110.
- 1102 is a control unit
- 1103 is a memory
- 1104 is input data IZF
- 1105 is an encoder control unit
- 1106 is an encoder
- 1107 is a buffer control unit
- 1108 is a buffer.
- 1109 represents a file management unit
- 110 represents a media I / F.
- the control unit 1102 corresponds to the CPU 111 of FIG. 1 and uses the memory 1103 corresponding to the main memory 112 of FIG. Perform control.
- the media I / F 111 is an interface with the semiconductor memory pack device 120 and corresponds to the force connector 113 in FIG.
- Input data I 7F 1104 receives data input from outside c
- Encoder control unit 110 5 receives data input from input data I / F 110 4 and controls encoder 1 106 Then, the encoded data is processed, and the encoded data is sent to the buffer control unit 107. Further, the encoder control unit 1105 can also acquire information from the encoder 1106 and transmit it to the control unit 1102.
- the information from the encoder 1106 is, for example, when encoding video data to MP EG (Moving Pictures Encodings G roup), the information that 1 GOP (G roup Of Pictures) has been encoded. It is.
- the notch control unit 11007 stores the encoded data received from the encoder control unit 11005 in another area in the buffer 11008 for each data type. Further, the buffer control unit 1107 monitors the amount of data stored in the buffer 111, and notifies the control unit 1102 when the amount of data reaches a predetermined amount. Upon receiving the notification, the control unit 1102 issues a data recording request to the file management unit 1109.
- the file management unit 110 is generally called a “file system” as one of the functions of the operating system, and manages files recorded in the semiconductor memory pack device 120. .
- the file management unit 110 reads the file system management information from the semiconductor memory pack device 120 via the media IZF 110 and stores it in the memory 111.
- the file management unit 1109 Upon receiving a data recording request from the control unit 1102, the file management unit 1109 refers to the file system management information. A free area is searched for, and if found, a recording command is issued to the semiconductor memory pack device 120 so that data is recorded in that area.
- the file management unit 1109 writes the information of the recorded data, such as the recording position and the data amount, to the file system management information stored in the memory 1103.
- the semiconductor memory pack device 120 is composed of a semiconductor memory card 123 to 126 using a flash memory and a multi-card access control unit 12 for controlling these four semiconductor memory cards 123 to 126. 1 and a memory memory 122 for temporarily storing data to be recorded in the memory 123. Note that numbers # 1 to # 4 are assigned to the semiconductor memory cards 123 to 126, respectively.
- FIG. 3 shows a state in which the logical addresses of the four semiconductor memory cards 123 to 126 are mapped to consecutive logical addresses of the semiconductor memory pack device 120, and the continuous logical addresses of the semiconductor memory pack device 120.
- the figure shows a state in which a cluster which is a data management unit of the file management unit 1109 is allocated to the logical address to be managed.
- the mapping method of the logical addresses of the semiconductor memory cards 123 to 126 is as follows. In other words, the four semiconductor memory cards 123 to 126 built in the semiconductor memory pack device 120 are interleaved for each erase block size (16 KB), and the semiconductor memory power is reduced.
- the sequential logical addresses of the semiconductor memory pack device 120 are mapped onto the numbers # 1 to # 4 in the order of numbers 123 to 126.
- the size of the cluster 305 which is a data management unit of the file management unit 1109 of the recording device 110, matches the data recording unit. In other words, one class is assigned to a continuous 64 KB logical address of the semiconductor memory pack device 120.
- the recording operation of the data recording device 110 when the cluster size is set to 64 KB will be described.
- the file management unit 110 is realized by software for controlling the operation of the CPU 111.
- the file management unit 1109 divides the data to be recorded in the semiconductor memory pack device 120 into the same size (64 KB in this case) as the cluster that is the data management unit.
- the file management unit 1109 further searches a free space for one cluster from the memory space of the semiconductor memory pack device 120, and finds a logical address of the found free space and data to be recorded, and stores the data in a recording command. With the semiconductor memory pack device 120.
- the semiconductor memory pack device 120 Upon receiving the recording command from the data recording device 110, the semiconductor memory pack device 120 temporarily stores the data for one cluster to be recorded in the work memory 122 together with the recording command. Further, in the semiconductor memory pack device 120, the multi-address access control unit 121 shown in FIG. 3 shows the logical address of the semiconductor memory pack device 120 specified together with the recording command. As shown in the figure, the semiconductor memory card is converted into individual logical addresses of 123 to L26. Further, the multi-card access control unit 121 further stores the individual logical addresses of the semiconductor memory cards 123 to 126 obtained by this conversion temporarily in the work memory 122. Cluster data is distributed and recorded simultaneously in parallel.
- one cluster which is the minimum unit for managing data by the file management unit 1109 of the data recording device 110, is assigned to the four memory units included in the semiconductor memory pack device 120.
- Semiconductor memory card eraser By matching the total block size (64 KB), the occurrence of read-modify-write, which has been an obstacle to high-speed recording, is prevented, and as a result, the number of times of rewriting of semiconductor memory cards is reduced. It becomes possible to do. Also, since the semiconductor memory pack device 120 simultaneously records data on four built-in semiconductor memory cards 123 to 126 in parallel, only one semiconductor memory card can be used. In comparison, data can be recorded four times faster.
- the semiconductor memory pack device of the type incorporating four semiconductor memory cards operating in parallel has been described as an example.
- the semiconductor memory pack device embedded in the semiconductor memory pack device is described.
- the number of conductive memory cards is not limited to four.
- a configuration may be adopted in which four semiconductor memory cards are built in, and two of them operate in parallel.
- an example in which four erase blocks are assigned to one cluster has been described.
- the number of erase blocks is an integral multiple of the total number of erase blocks of the semiconductor memory card incorporated in the semiconductor memory pack device, not four.
- the size of the erase block is not limited to 16 KB.
- the shape of the built-in semiconductor memory is not limited to a card shape, and the semiconductor memory mounted in a chip shape is also included in the technical scope of the present invention.
- a configuration in which a plurality of semiconductor memory cards operate in parallel in a semiconductor memory pack device has been described as an example.
- a configuration in which a plurality of flash memories in a semiconductor memory card operate in parallel is described.
- the present invention can also be applied. That is, the total size of the erase blocks of a plurality of flash memories operating in parallel may be made to match the size of one class, which is the minimum unit by which the file management unit 1109 manages the data. (Embodiment 2)
- FIGS. Components having the same functions as those described in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- FIG. 4 shows a state in which the logical addresses of the four built-in semiconductor memory cards 123 to 126 are mapped to successive logical addresses of the semiconductor memory pack device 120, and the semiconductor memory pack device 120
- the figure shows a state in which clusters, which are data management units of the file management unit 110, are assigned to continuous logical addresses.
- Semiconductor memory pack device 120 Four semiconductor memory cards 12 3 to 126 built in 20 are interleaved with each other according to the size of erase program (16 KB). The consecutive logical addresses of the semiconductor memory pack device 120 are mapped on the devices arranged in the order of # 1 to # 4.
- the size of the cluster which is the data management unit of the file management unit 110 of the data recording device 110, and the data recording unit are selected so as to have a common multiple relationship.
- the size of one cluster is 16 KB. The following describes the operation when the class size is set to 16 KB.
- the file management unit 110 is realized by software for controlling the operation of the CPU 111.
- the file management unit 110 divides data to be recorded in the semiconductor memory pack device 120 into a class size (16 KB), which is a data management unit. Up to this point, the method is the same as the conventional data recording method.
- the semiconductor memory pack device 120 Upon receiving the recording command from the data recording device 110, the semiconductor memory pack device 120 temporarily stores the data of the four clusters in the work memory 122. At the same time, the multi-card access control unit 121 transfers the logical address of the semiconductor memory pack device 120 specified together with the recording command to the semiconductor memory pack device 120 as shown in FIG. This is converted into individual logical addresses of the four built-in semiconductor memory cards 123 to 126. Furthermore, the cluster data temporarily stored in the block memory 122 is divided into four, and the logical addresses of the semiconductor memory cards 123 to 126 obtained by the above conversion are simultaneously processed in parallel. Record.
- the file management unit 1109 of the data recording device 110 does not perform recording in units of one cluster (16 KB), which is the minimum unit for managing data. It is recorded in units of four clusters (64 KB), which is a common multiple of the total size (64 KB) of the erase blocks of the four semiconductor memory modules 123 to 126 built in (64 KB) and one cluster (16 KB).
- the semiconductor memory pack unit 120 records data in parallel to four built-in semiconductor memory cards simultaneously, so data is recorded four times faster than when only one semiconductor memory card is used. can do.
- the second embodiment an example of a semiconductor memory pack device of a type in which four semiconductor memory cards are incorporated has been described.
- the number of semiconductor memory cards incorporated in the body memory pack device is not limited to four, and the same can be applied to a configuration in which a plurality of semiconductor memory cards are incorporated. It is not necessary for all the built-in semiconductor memory cards to operate in parallel. For example, four semiconductor memory cards may be built in and two of them may operate in parallel.
- an example has been described in which four erase blocks are allocated to four classes. However, the common multiple of the total size of the erase blocks and the cluster size of the semiconductor memory card incorporated in the semiconductor memory device is described.
- a similar effect can be obtained by recording only the data of the same file in one data recording unit using the data as a recording unit.
- the built-in semiconductor memory is not limited to a card shape, and a semiconductor memory mounted in a chip shape is also included in the technical scope of the present invention.
- a configuration in which a plurality of semiconductor memory cards operate in parallel in a semiconductor memory pack device has been described as an example.
- a configuration in which a plurality of flash memories in a semiconductor memory card operate in parallel is described.
- the present invention can be applied to such cases. That is, the common multiple of the total size of the erase blocks and the cluster size of a plurality of flash memories operating in parallel may be set as the data recording unit of the file management unit 1109.
- FIGS. Figure 5 shows the relationship between the consecutive logical addresses of the semiconductor memory pack device 120 and the erase blocks (16 KB) of the four semiconductor memory cards 123 to 126 mapped to this logical address.
- the total size of the erase block of the semiconductor memory capacity 1 2 3 to 1 2 6 (16 KBX 4 64 K) and the data management unit of the file management unit 1 109 Class evening size (16 KB)
- the file management unit 1109 of the data recording device 110 of the present embodiment records the data unless there is at least four clusters of continuous free space because the data recording unit is four classes. do not do.
- the data recording unit 501 of the semiconductor memory pack device 120 it is determined that data can be recorded because all four consecutive clusters are empty areas. Since there is one recorded cluster in the unit 502, the remaining three classes are not used for recording.
- the present embodiment by searching for an empty area in data recording units (64 KB), recording is performed so that the alignment of the logical address for recording four clusters at a time always matches the boundary of 64 KB. can do.
- the boundaries between the erase blocks of the four semiconductor memory cards and the boundaries of the data recording unit do not match.
- the result c Note it is possible to reduce the number of times of rewriting of the semiconductor memory card as, in the third embodiment, the semiconductor
- the semiconductor memory pack device of the type incorporating four memory cards has been described as an example, the number of semiconductor memory cards incorporated in the semiconductor memory pack device of the present invention is not limited to four.
- the present invention can be similarly applied as long as the configuration incorporates a plurality of semiconductor memory cards. It is not necessary that all the built-in semiconductor memory cards operate in parallel. For example, four semiconductor memory cards may be built in and two of them may operate in parallel.
- Embodiment 3 describes an example in which four erase blocks are assigned to four class blocks. However, if the operation is performed so that the total size of the erase block of the semiconductor memory card built in the semiconductor memory card device and the common multiple of the cluster size are used as the data recording unit, and an empty area is searched in the data recording unit, Similar effects can be obtained. Furthermore, the size of the erase block is not limited to 16KB.
- the built-in semiconductor memory is not limited to a card shape, and may be mounted in a chip shape, which is also included in the technical scope of the present invention.
- FIGS. 6 and 7 show the relationship between the erase blocks (16 KB) of the four semiconductor memory cards 123 to 126 mapped to consecutive logical addresses of the semiconductor memory pack device 120, and four parallel blocks. Operate semiconductor memory cards 123 to 126
- the total size of erase blocks (16 BX4 64K) and the file management unit 1 109
- Data management unit 4 clusters, which is a common multiple of the class size (16 KB) (64KB) is shown as a data recording unit.
- Fig. 6 shows an example in which files are allocated in cluster units by the conventional file system.
- the cluster is the minimum unit of data management, and even if recorded as shown in Fig. 6, there is no inconsistency as a file.
- the data of file # 1 exists only in semiconductor memory card # 1 built in semiconductor memory pack device 120, and four semiconductor memory cards 123 to 126 are stored. This is because they cannot be read out by operating in parallel.
- FIG. 6 shows an example in which files are allocated in cluster units by the conventional file system.
- the cluster is the minimum unit of data management, and even if recorded as shown in Fig. 6, there is no inconsistency as a file.
- the data of file # 1 exists only in semiconductor memory card # 1 built in semiconductor memory pack device 120, and four semiconductor memory cards 123 to 126 are stored. This is because they cannot be read out by operating in parallel.
- FIG. 6 shows an example in which files are allocated in cluster units by the conventional file system.
- the cluster is the minimum unit of data management, and even if recorded
- the cluster size is the same as that of FIG. 6, but inside the data recording unit of the semiconductor memory pack device 120, only the data of the same file is recorded.
- FIG. 7 for example, when reading the data of file # 1, four semiconductor memory cards 123 to 126 can operate in parallel, and the semiconductor memory card Data can be read at 4x speed compared to the case of only one sheet.
- data of a file recorded in a cluster size smaller than the data recording unit of the semiconductor memory pack device 120 is transferred to the semiconductor memory pack device 12 as shown in FIG.
- Data is recorded so as to maximize the effect of the parallel operation of the semiconductor memory pack device 120 by rearranging the data recording unit of 0 so that only the data of the same file is included in the unit.
- This recording operation can be performed only by rearranging the data in cluster units, and the recorded file can be read at high speed.
- FIG. 14 shows an example of a method for performing the sorting.
- files # 1 to # 4 are recorded for each cluster.
- high-speed reading using the parallel operation of the semiconductor memory pack device 120 cannot be performed. Therefore, the individual clusters are read out to a temporary buffer, the class of the same file is selected, and the data is re-recorded in the same recording unit of the semiconductor memory pack device 120, thereby executing the rearrangement.
- the temporary buffer the main memory 112 of the data recording device 110 or the work memory 122 of the semiconductor memory pack device 120 can be used.
- the reordering process can be executed. This After such a rearrangement, the file can be read and written at high speed by using the parallel operation of the semiconductor memory pack device 120.
- the above-described rearrangement of the recording data may be performed, for example, when the semiconductor memory pack device 120 is connected to the data recording device 110, or when the data recording device 110 performs a specific operation. It may be performed automatically at a predetermined timing.
- the specific operation for example, when the data recording device 110 is a digital camera or a video camera, every time the photographing is completed, the case can be considered.
- the semiconductor memory pack device of the type incorporating four semiconductor memory cards has been described as an example in the fourth embodiment, the number of semiconductor memory cards incorporated in the semiconductor memory pack device of the present invention is not limited to four.
- the present invention can be similarly applied as long as the configuration incorporates a plurality of semiconductor memory cards. It is not necessary for all the built-in semiconductor memory cards to operate in parallel. For example, four semiconductor memory cards may be built in and two of them may operate in parallel.
- an example has been described in which four erase blocks are allocated to four clusters.However, the total size of the erase blocks of the semiconductor memory card incorporated in the semiconductor memory pack device and the common multiple of the cluster size are calculated as follows.
- the same effect can be obtained by rearranging the data recording unit so that only the data of the same file is included, and the size of the erase block is not limited to 16 KB.
- the built-in semiconductor memory is not limited to a card shape, and a semiconductor memory mounted in a chip shape is also included in the technical scope of the present invention.
- FIGS. 8 and Fig. 9 show the configuration of the FAT file system. It will be described using FIG.
- the management information and the user data area of the file system are arranged on the logical medium of the storage medium as shown in FIG. In FIG. 9, the top part of the figure represents logical sector 0.
- a boot sector is recorded.
- the boot sector information on the entire volume and information on the location of management information such as the FAT and root entry required to read the file written in the user data area are recorded.
- FIG. 12 shows information specified in the ISO 9293 9 as information to be described in the boot section.
- a reserved area may be provided between the FAT that describes the file allocation information in the user data area and the boot sector. The number of sectors in the reserved area is described in the boot sector.
- Information about the file recorded in the root directory is listed after the sector immediately after one or more FATs.
- Information about a file is called a file entry and is managed in 32-byte units.
- the file entry contains the file name, file creation time, file size, file length, and the first cluster number where the file is stored.
- the maximum number of file entries placed in the root directory (the number of root directory items) is described in the boot sector, and an area having a size according to that value is used as the root directory entry. Reserved in advance. The number of root directory items is described in the boot section.
- the sector immediately after the root directory entry is the user data area.
- the user data area is managed in units called clusters, which group one or more consecutive sectors, and all clusters are numbered sequentially from the top.
- the FAT has a FAT entry corresponding to each cluster.
- a method of recording a file in the user data area will be described with reference to FIG.
- a file 1001 to be recorded has a size corresponding to four clusters in the user data area.
- the file system finds four FAT entries in which a special bit string indicating unassigned (0 X 00 in the case of the FAT 16 file system) is recorded. If it is found that the FAT entry (1002 to 1005) corresponding to the Ath, Bth, Cth, and Dth clusters has a bit string indicating unassigned, The file system divides the file into four classes A to D in the user data area and records them. Further, in order to record the relationship between the four classes, the number of the next cluster in which the file is recorded, that is, the number B is recorded in the entry 1002 corresponding to the cluster A of the FAT.
- the number C is recorded in the FAT entry 1003 corresponding to the cluster ⁇
- the number D is recorded in the FAT entry 1004 corresponding to the cluster C.
- the FAT entry 1005 corresponding to the last cluster where the file was recorded (in this example, class D)
- a special bit string indicating the end of the file (0 XFF in the FAT 16 file system) is stored. Record.
- a file system that uses 12 bits per FAT entry is called a FAT 12 file system
- one that uses 16 bits is called a FAT 16 file system
- one that uses 32 bits is called a FAT 32 file system.
- the size S F of the space allocated to the entire FAT is described in bits 23 to 24 of the boot sector (FIG. 12). Furthermore, the number FE of valid FAT entries included in this space is calculated from the following [Equation 1] using the total number TS of sectors described in 33 to 36 bits of the boot sector. .
- RSC represents the number of reserved sectors
- SF represents the number of sectors per FAT
- RDE represents the number of items in the root directory
- SS represents the number of bytes in the sector data field
- SC represents the number of sectors per class evening.
- the function ⁇ p (X) represents the integer part of X
- the function ⁇ p (x) represents the smallest integer greater than x.
- (TS-RSC-SF-cei 1 (32 XRD E / SS)) is a value obtained by subtracting the number of sectors in the management area from the total number of sectors, that is, the number of sectors in the user data area. By dividing this by s C and taking the integer part 5, the number of classes that can be secured in the user data overnight area can be calculated. In addition to the two, special FAT chain related to management area This is to secure birds.
- the FAT file system is a widely used file system
- some operating systems [specify the lower limit of the effective class number calculated by Equation 1 ⁇ . This makes it possible to reduce the class size and increase the total number of clusters when using a storage medium with a certain capacity or less, that is, a storage medium having only the total number of sectors TS below a certain value in the FAT file system. I have to take it.
- the storage medium is a semiconductor memory pack device, it may not be easy to change the class size due to the desire to match the cluster size with the erase block of the semiconductor memory pack device. Therefore, a small-capacity storage medium with a cluster size limit cannot be used in an operating system with a cluster number lower limit.
- the total number of sectors of the boot sector TS is avoided by describing a value larger than the number.
- the restricted operating system can handle the small-capacity storage medium.
- L S is the lower limit of the number of clusters determined by the operating system.
- Equation 2 is the solution of [Equation 1] as LS and solving for TS. Is derived by
- the FAT entries in the FAT are associated with those that can be associated with the actually existing classes and the actual classes. Something is impossible.
- N is the number of clusters actually existing in the user data area
- M is the number of effective clusters calculated by the total class number TS.
- FAT entries 1 to N are FAT entries 801 that can be associated with real clusters
- N + 1 to M are FAT entries 802 that cannot be associated with real clusters. .
- the values of all bits 1 indicating the end of the file are described in advance in all the FAT entries 802 that cannot be associated with an existing cluster. .
- a bit string indicating unallocated is described in the FAT entry 802, which cannot be associated with an existing class. This is because an error may occur when trying to write data in a class where the file system does not exist. If the file system searches for free space on the file to write a file by pretending that data has already been allocated to the class pointed to by FAT entry 802, which cannot be associated with a real cluster, A cluster that does not exist does not become a write target.
- bit string to be inserted into the F ENT 802 that cannot be associated with a real class is set to the bit string indicating the end of the file. Anything can be used.
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a data recording device according to the sixth embodiment.
- 1101 is a data recording device
- 1102 is a control unit
- 1103 is a memory
- 1104 is an input data I / F
- 1105 is an encoder control unit
- 1106 is an encoder
- 1107 is a buffer control unit
- 1108 is a buffer
- 1109 is a file management unit
- 1110 is a media IF
- 1111 is a medium.
- the medium 111 is the semiconductor memory pack device 120 described in the first embodiment and the like.
- the control unit 1102 uses the memory 1103 to store the data Perform the overall control of 1.
- Input data IZF1104 receives externally input data.
- the encoder control unit 1105 receives the data input from the input data IZF 1104, controls the encoder 1106 to perform an encoding process on the data, and the buffer control unit 1107 Send the data encoded in. In addition, the encoder control unit 1105 can also acquire information from the encoder 1106 and transmit the information to the control unit 1102.
- the information from the encoder 1106 means, for example, that when video data is encoded into an MPEG (Moving Pictures Encoding Group), the encoding of 1 GOP (Group of Pictures) is performed. Information such as completion.
- the buffer control unit 11007 stores the encoded data received from the encoder control unit 1105 in another area in the buffer 1108 for each data type. . Further, the buffer control unit 1107 monitors the amount of data stored in the buffer 1108, and notifies the control unit 1102 when the amount reaches a predetermined amount. Upon receiving the notification, the control unit 1102 issues a data recording request to the file management unit 1109.
- the file management unit 1109 manages files recorded on the medium 111.
- the file management unit 111 reads the file system management information from the medium 111 via the medium I / F 110, and stores it in the memory 1103.
- the file management unit 1109 Upon receiving a data recording request from the control unit 1102, the file management unit 1109 refers to the file system management information to search for an empty area, and if found, records the data in that area. Issue a command to media 1 1 1 1.
- the file management unit 1109 writes the information of the recorded data such as the recording position / data amount to the file system management information stored in the memory 1103. Get in.
- the file system management information stored in the memory 111 must be periodically written back to the medium 111. This is because there is a possibility that an unexpected situation may occur, such as when the power of the recording device 111 is turned off. If the file system management information is not written back to the media 1 1 1 1, there is no way to know the recording position or data amount of the data recorded so far, and it will be the same as the state where no data has been recorded.
- the file system management information is frequently written back to the medium 1 1 1 1, the number of times of rewriting may soon exceed the number of times of rewriting if the medium has a maximum number of times of rewriting.
- the access efficiency of the media 111 decreases. Therefore, it is important to write the file system management information back to the media 111 at an appropriate timing.
- the following describes two examples of the timing of writing back the file system management information: the case where audio data and video data are recorded simultaneously in separate files, and the case where audio data and video data are recorded in one file.
- audio data and video data are recorded in separate files, they are not simultaneously recorded on the media 1111, even if they are input to the recording device 1101 at the same time. This is because the bit rate of the video data is higher than the bit rate of the audio data, so the video data stored in the buffer 110 reaches a predetermined amount earlier than the audio data, and the video data is recorded first. is there. Since audio data and video data form a clip as a set, even if only video data is recorded on media 1 1 1 1, the video data usually means It will be something without.
- the file system management information is also written on the media 111 each time the audio data is recorded on the media 111. I will put it back. In other words, recording the data with the lowest bit rate is used as a trigger to write back the file system management information.
- the notch control unit 1107 monitors the notch 1101 for each data type, and notifies the control unit 1102 when the data reaches a predetermined amount. I do.
- the control unit 1102 knows the data having the lowest bit rate among the data currently being recorded. In this example, the audio data is the data with the lowest bit rate.
- the control unit 1102 notifies the file management unit 1109 of the recording request of the audio data and the file. Issues a system management information update request.
- the “predetermined amount” described above refers to the total size of erase blocks of the semiconductor memory cards 123 to 126 operating in parallel in the media 111 (semiconductor memory pack 120) and the file management unit. When a common multiple of the data management size of 1109 is used as the data recording unit, it is an integral multiple of the data recording unit.
- the data When recording an MPEG system stream, the data is a single GOP Inter-frame compression is completed at the highest level, and even if data is recorded in units shorter than 1 GOP, it cannot be decoded and reproduced normally. Teeth passes, at the c
- the present embodiment does not make sense in most cases be written back the management information of the file system on the media recording stages of data within 1 GOP, one MPEG system stream file
- the data When the data is recorded on the media as an integer, it operates to update the file system management information at the stage when the data is recorded by an integral multiple of 1 GOP. This prevents the management information of the file system from being rewritten more than necessary, and extends the rewriting life of the media.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
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US10/530,300 US20050286855A1 (en) | 2003-04-25 | 2004-04-19 | Data recording apparatus |
EP04728233A EP1619583A4 (en) | 2003-04-25 | 2004-04-19 | DATA RECORDING DEVICE |
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JP2003121179 | 2003-04-25 | ||
JP2003-121179 | 2003-04-25 |
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EP (1) | EP1619583A4 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100356344C (ja) |
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US7644239B2 (en) | 2004-05-03 | 2010-01-05 | Microsoft Corporation | Non-volatile memory cache performance improvement |
US7490197B2 (en) | 2004-10-21 | 2009-02-10 | Microsoft Corporation | Using external memory devices to improve system performance |
JP2007133512A (ja) * | 2005-11-08 | 2007-05-31 | Seiko Epson Corp | フラッシュromを備えた情報処理装置及びフラッシュromのデータ消去方法 |
US8914557B2 (en) | 2005-12-16 | 2014-12-16 | Microsoft Corporation | Optimizing write and wear performance for a memory |
JP5216003B2 (ja) * | 2007-06-01 | 2013-06-19 | パナソニック株式会社 | 記録装置 |
US8631203B2 (en) | 2007-12-10 | 2014-01-14 | Microsoft Corporation | Management of external memory functioning as virtual cache |
JP2010009206A (ja) * | 2008-06-25 | 2010-01-14 | Nikon Corp | 記録制御装置 |
US20090322905A1 (en) * | 2008-06-25 | 2009-12-31 | Nikon Corporation | Storage control device |
US8032707B2 (en) | 2008-09-15 | 2011-10-04 | Microsoft Corporation | Managing cache data and metadata |
US9032151B2 (en) | 2008-09-15 | 2015-05-12 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Method and system for ensuring reliability of cache data and metadata subsequent to a reboot |
CN101677384B (zh) * | 2008-09-19 | 2011-03-23 | 鸿富锦精密工业(深圳)有限公司 | 数据存储管理系统及方法 |
US7953774B2 (en) | 2008-09-19 | 2011-05-31 | Microsoft Corporation | Aggregation of write traffic to a data store |
CN101727292B (zh) * | 2008-10-16 | 2013-04-17 | 深圳市朗科科技股份有限公司 | 存储设备的访问系统、方法及存储设备 |
ITMI20082331A1 (it) * | 2008-12-29 | 2010-06-30 | Giovanni Lucchetta | Disco a stato solido, particolarmente per la memorizzazione di dati digitali. |
WO2010103760A1 (ja) * | 2009-03-13 | 2010-09-16 | パナソニック株式会社 | アクセスモジュール、情報記録モジュール、コントローラ、及び情報記録システム |
US9092340B2 (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2015-07-28 | Sandisk Technologies Inc. | Method and system for achieving die parallelism through block interleaving |
JP5385835B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-29 | 2014-01-08 | パナソニック株式会社 | データ記録装置 |
TWI451439B (zh) * | 2010-12-10 | 2014-09-01 | Phison Electronics Corp | 記憶體儲存裝置、其記憶體控制器與資料寫入方法 |
JP2013225760A (ja) * | 2012-04-20 | 2013-10-31 | Sony Corp | 記録装置、撮像記録装置、記録方法及びプログラム |
US9645917B2 (en) * | 2012-05-22 | 2017-05-09 | Netapp, Inc. | Specializing I/O access patterns for flash storage |
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- 2004-04-19 US US10/530,300 patent/US20050286855A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US20050286855A1 (en) | 2005-12-29 |
CN1717661A (zh) | 2006-01-04 |
EP1619583A4 (en) | 2008-12-24 |
EP1619583A1 (en) | 2006-01-25 |
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