WO2004095844A1 - 画像符号化装置および画像符号化方法 - Google Patents
画像符号化装置および画像符号化方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004095844A1 WO2004095844A1 PCT/JP2003/005311 JP0305311W WO2004095844A1 WO 2004095844 A1 WO2004095844 A1 WO 2004095844A1 JP 0305311 W JP0305311 W JP 0305311W WO 2004095844 A1 WO2004095844 A1 WO 2004095844A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- frame
- information
- picture
- data
- scene change
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/85—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using pre-processing or post-processing specially adapted for video compression
- H04N19/87—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using pre-processing or post-processing specially adapted for video compression involving scene cut or scene change detection in combination with video compression
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/46—Embedding additional information in the video signal during the compression process
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/60—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding
- H04N19/61—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding in combination with predictive coding
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an image encoding device and an image encoding method for encoding a moving image, and in particular, to adding unique information to a frame such as information indicating scene change information to encoded data.
- the present invention relates to a possible image encoding device and an image encoding method. Background art
- Moving image data is used by being recorded on various recording media or transmitted and received via a network.
- scene change information indicating the start of image recording or scene change is added to moving image data.
- the scene change information is used, for example, in searching for a scene change and generating a thumbnail image at the time of reproducing moving image data.
- a conventional image recording device that can detect a scene change from a video sequence and add scene change information to this data is a buffer memory that always stores the two frames of data input immediately before.
- the scene change detection circuit detects the presence or absence of a scene change from the current frame and the two immediately preceding frames, and if a scene change is detected, the scene change addition circuit detects the scene change.
- There is an image recording apparatus that adds information indicating a scene change to the data, and selectively outputs the data to which the information indicating the scene change is added and the data to which no information is added according to the presence or absence of the scene change by a switching switch. (For example, see Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 1
- scene change information When scene change information is added at the time of generating such an MPEG stream, the presence / absence of a scene change is detected based on the data stored in the frame memory at the preceding stage of the encoding unit.
- a method of recording information indicating a change in an option area or the like in the header can be considered.
- the MPEG method employs a variable-length coding method
- the amount of data per unit time of the video stream is often not constant, and the multiplexing processing in the multiplexing unit is also performed for each frame. It does not become a fixed time interval. For this reason, in the above method, the time required from the detection of a scene change to the writing of the scene change information fluctuates irregularly, and the header of the bucket including the head data of the target frame in which the scene change has occurred is included in the header. It was difficult to write scene change information accurately. Disclosure of the invention
- the present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and is an image encoding apparatus capable of adding frame information such as scene change information to an accurate position in encoded moving image data.
- the purpose is to provide.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an image encoding method capable of adding frame information unique to a frame such as scene change information to an accurate position in an encoded moving image. is there.
- the image encoding apparatus is for encoding a moving image, and includes an encoding processing unit 1 that compresses and encodes input moving image data, and a picture generated by the encoding processing unit 1.
- a first counter 2 for counting the number of frames, and a frame information holding unit for holding frame information indicating information unique to the frame in the input moving image data in association with the count number of the first counter 2 4, a header information insertion unit 6 that receives the picture generated by the encoding processing unit 1 and inserts predetermined header information, and counts the number of pictures received by the header information input unit 6 ′.
- the header information input unit 6 refers to the frame information holding unit 4 and counts the respective counts by the first counter 2 and the second counter 7. The frame information corresponding to the picture at the time of match, and writes into the header information corresponding to the head data of the picture.
- the input moving image data is compression-encoded by the encoding processing unit 1, and the number of pictures generated by the encoding processing unit 1 is counted by the first counter 2.
- the frame information holding unit 4 holds frame information indicating information unique to the frame in the input moving image data in association with the count number of the first counter 2.
- the header information insertion unit 6 inserts predetermined header information into the picture generated by the encoding processing unit 1, and reduces the number of pictures received by the header information insertion unit 6 to the second count. Counted by seven.
- the header information input unit 6 when the header information is input, the frame information holding unit 4 is referred to, and when the respective count numbers by the first counter 2 and the second counter 7 match. Since the frame information corresponding to the picture is written in the header information corresponding to the head data of the picture, the frame information corresponding to the generated picture is reliably obtained and written at the correct position.
- the input moving image data is compression-encoded, and the number of pictures generated by the compression encoding process is determined by
- the frame information indicating information unique to the frame in the input moving image data is counted as the number of pictures of the first picture.
- the number of received pictures is counted as a second picture number. Writing the frame information corresponding to a picture when the first and second picture numbers match, in the header information corresponding to the first data of the picture.
- the input moving image data is compression-encoded, and the number of pictures generated by the compression-encoding processing is counted as a first picture number. Also, frame information indicating information unique to the frame in the input moving image data is held in association with the first number of pictures.
- the picture generated by the compression encoding process is received and predetermined header information is inserted, the number of received pictures is used as the second picture number, and the first and second picture numbers match.
- the frame information corresponding to the picture at the time of the writing is written in the header information corresponding to the head data of the picture. Therefore, when the header information is imported, the frame information corresponding to the generated picture is reliably obtained and written in the correct position.
- FIG. 1 is a principle diagram for explaining the principle of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the M PEG encoding device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the flow of processing in the video encoder section.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the flow of processing in the multiplexing unit.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a format example of a header area into which scene change information is inserted.
- FIG. 1 is a principle diagram for explaining the principle of the present invention.
- the image encoding device shown in FIG. 1 includes an encoding processing unit 1, a first counter 2, a frame information detection unit 3, a frame information holding unit 4, and a multiplex processing unit 5.
- the multiplexing processing unit 5 is provided with a header information insertion unit 6 and a second counter 7.
- the encoding processing unit 1 compression-encodes the input moving image data using a predetermined encoding method, and generates a moving image stream.
- a moving image stream data compressed and encoded for each frame or field is generated as a picture.
- the first counter 2 counts the number of pictures generated in the encoding processing unit 1.
- the count number at this time is output to the frame information holding unit 4.
- the frame information detection unit 3 detects frame information from the input moving image data.
- the frame information indicates information unique to the frame in the moving image data. For example, information indicating that a scene change has occurred in a target frame, VBI information stored in a vertical blanking interval (VBI), and the like can be included.
- VBI vertical blanking interval
- the frame information is stored in the frame memory. It can be detected in the evening.
- the frame information holding unit 4 holds the count value from the first counter 2 in association with the frame information detected by the frame information detection unit 3 at this time.
- the multiplexing processing unit 5 multiplexes the moving image stream encoded by the encoding processing unit 1 and the audio stream obtained by encoding the audio data to generate a multiplexed stream.
- the header information input unit 6 inserts predetermined header information into the moving image stream received from the encoding processing unit 1.
- the second counter 7 stores the moving image stream received by the header information inserting unit 6 in the moving image stream. The number of pictures is counted and output to the header information insertion unit 6.
- the header information input unit 6 refers to the frame information holding unit 4 and refers to the frame information associated with the same count value as the second count 7 To get. Then, the frame information is written in the header information corresponding to the head data of the picture received at this time. For example, the data is written in the bucket header of the bucket including the leading data.
- the input moving image data is compression-encoded in the encoding processing unit 1 and supplied to the multiplexing processing unit 5 as a moving image stream.
- the header information is inserted in the header information input section 6, further multiplexed with the audio stream, and output as a multiplexed stream.
- the frame information detection unit 1 From the time when the moving image is input to the encoding processing unit 1, the frame information detection unit
- frame information is detected, and the frame information is stored in a frame information holding unit.
- the value is held in association with the count value of the first counter 2.
- the frame information is associated with the picture corresponding to the frame from which the frame information was detected.
- the first counter 2 counts the number of pictures generated by the encoding processing unit 1
- the second counter 7 counts the number of pictures received by the header information insertion unit 6. Therefore, when the first counter 2 and the second counter 7 have the same count number, the pictures to be counted are the same. Therefore, when the header information insertion unit 6 receives the picture, it acquires the frame information corresponding to the count value of the first counter 2 which is the same as the count value of the second counter 7 at this time. By doing so, it is possible to reliably obtain frame information corresponding to the received picture.
- the header information input unit 6 for example, upon receiving a picture from the encoding processing unit 1, the head of the picture is identified, the second counter 7 is incremented at this time, and the frame information is By obtaining the frame information, it is possible to easily write the obtained frame information in the header information corresponding to the first data of the picture. Therefore, in the multiplexed stream, the write positions of the frame information and the corresponding picture data can be exactly matched, and When playing back a stream, it is possible to extract and use frame information at an accurate timing synchronized with the playback image.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the M PEG encoding device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the MPEG encoding apparatus shown in FIG. 2 is an apparatus that generates an MPEG stream by compressing and encoding input video data and audio data according to the MPEG-2 method.
- the MPEG encoding apparatus includes a frame memory 10, a scene change detection circuit 20, a video encoding unit 30, an audio encoder 40, and a multiplexing unit 50.
- the video and audio signals input to the MPEG encoding device are input as analog signals from an external device such as a TV tuner, for example.
- the video signal is input, for example, as a composite signal, is separated into a luminance signal and a color difference signal by a YZC separator (not shown), and is further subjected to AZD conversion and chroma encoding by an NTSC (National Television System Committee) decoder (not shown).
- the data is input to the frame memory 10 as digital data.
- the frame memory 10 is a first-in, first-out (FIFO) buffer memory having a capacity of a plurality of frames, and temporarily stores input video data sequentially. Then, the stored data is read out by the video encoder 31 and the scene change detection circuit 20.
- FIFO first-in, first-out
- the scene change detection circuit 20 stores the read frame and the previous frame in the frame memory 10. Read out the frame and detect the scene change. To detect a scene change, for example, a method of statistically processing pixel values included in two frames to obtain a difference between frames, a method of obtaining a correlation coefficient between frames, or the like can be used. For these detections, For example, only a luminance signal or only a color difference signal may be used as a pixel value.
- the scene change detection circuit 20 includes a register 21 and stores information indicating whether or not a scene change has occurred in the register 21 based on the detection result.
- the video encoder 30 includes a video encoder 31, a counter 32, and a scene change information processing circuit 33.
- the video encoder 31 reads out the video data stored in the frame memory 10 frame by frame, compresses and encodes the data by the MPEG-2 method to generate a picture, and outputs the picture to the multiplexing unit 50 as a video ES (Elementary Stream). Output.
- the video encoder 31 increments the count value of the counter 32 each time one picture is generated, and notifies the scene change information processing circuit 33 of the generation of the picture.
- the counter 32 counts the number of pictures generated by the video encoder 31 and outputs the count value to the scene change information processing circuit 33.
- the scene change information processing circuit 33 acquires the incremented count value of the counter 32 and refers to the register 21 of the scene change detection circuit 20. Then, the presence or absence of a scene change is determined, and information indicating the presence or absence of a scene change is stored in the memory 34 together with the acquired count value.
- the memory 34 stores, for example, a table in which the presence or absence of a scene change is associated with a count value. Alternatively, only the count value when a scene change has occurred may be sequentially stored.
- the input analog audio signal is converted into digital data by an A / D converter (not shown) and then input to the audio encoder 40.
- the audio encoder 40 compresses and encodes the input audio data by the MPEG audio method or the like, and outputs it to the multiplexing unit 50 as audio ES.
- the multiplexing section 50 is provided with a video ES buffer 51, an audio ES buffer 52, a MUX (Multiplexer) 53, a counter 54, and a matching processing circuit 55.
- the video ES buffer 51 and the audio ES buffer 52 are used for video ES and audio encoders 40, respectively.
- This is a buffer memory of the FIFO system that sequentially stores data ES and outputs it to the MUX 53.
- the MUX 53 sequentially reads data from the video ES buffer 51 and the audio ES buffer 52, and multiplexes while writing predetermined system information in a header area to generate an MPEG stream.
- the MUX 53 increments the count 54 and notifies the matching processing circuit 55 of the picture reading. Then, the result of determining whether or not a scene change has occurred in this picture is received from the matching processing circuit 55, and scene change information according to the result of determination is written in the header of the packet storing the head data of the picture. .
- the counter 54 counts the number of pictures read from the video ES buffer 51 by the MUX 53, and outputs the count value to the matching processing circuit 55.
- the control circuit 55 receives a control signal for notifying the reading of a picture from the MUX 53
- the matching circuit 55 refers to the memory 34 using the count value of the counter 54, and a scene change occurs for the same count value.
- the MUX 53 determines whether or not it has performed this, and notifies the MUX 53 of the determination result.
- the basic operation of the M PEG encoding device is as follows.
- the input video data is sequentially stored in the frame memory 10.
- a picture type is assigned to each frame of the stored video data, and the video data of each frame is assigned by the video encoder 31 in the order of the code processing according to the picture type. Is read.
- the video encoder 31 encodes the read data for one frame to generate a picture, stores the picture data in a packet, and sequentially outputs it as a video ES.
- the generated video ES is temporarily stored in the video ES buffer 51, and is sequentially read from the MUX 53.
- the audio ES generated by the audio encoder 40 is also temporarily stored in the audio ES buffer 52 and is sequentially read from the MUX 53.
- the MUX 53 multiplexes the read video ES and audio ES while inserting necessary system information, and generates and outputs an MPEG stream.
- the matching processing circuit is added to the option area of the header of the video packet.
- Scene change information based on the determination result of 5 is added.
- the occurrence of a scene change is detected by the scene change detection circuit 20 based on the video data stored in the frame memory 10.
- the data of each frame is read out of the frame memory 10 from the video encoder 31 in the order of the encoding process.
- the scene change detection circuit 20 detects the presence or absence of a scene change from the data of that frame and the data of the immediately preceding frame. And stores the detection result in register 21.
- the count value of the counter 32 is incremented and the scene change is performed.
- the information processing circuit 33 refers to the register 21 to determine the presence or absence of a scene change, and writes the scene change into the memory 34.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the flow of processing in the video encoding unit 30.
- the processing in the video encoding unit 30 will be described along the step numbers using this flowchart.
- step S301 the video encoder 31 reads one frame of video data from the frame memory 10. Then, in step S302, the read data is subjected to a compression encoding process in accordance with the MPEG-2 method to generate one picture. Note that the generated picture data is temporarily stored in an output buffer (not shown) and then output to the video ES buffer 51 of the multiplexing unit 50.
- step S303 the count value of the counter 32 is incremented according to the control signal from the video encoder 31.
- step S304 the scene change information processing circuit 33 refers to the register 21 to determine the presence or absence of a scene change.
- step S305 the scene change information processing circuit 33 stores the determination result in the memory 34 in association with the count value of the count 32.
- step S306 it is determined whether or not to end the processing. If the processing is to be continued, the process returns to step S301, where the video data of the next frame is read out, and compression encoding is performed.
- the memory 34 holds the count number assigned to each picture generated by the video encoder 31 and information indicating whether or not a scene change has occurred in each picture.
- the MUX 53 counts the number of pictures read from the video ES buffer 51 by the counter 54, and compares the count with the count stored in the memory 34. By doing so, it is possible to easily recognize whether or not a scene change has occurred in the read picture.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a processing flow in the multiplexing unit 50.
- the processing of the multiplexing unit 50 will be described along the step numbers using this flowchart.
- step S401 the MUX 53 reads the data stored in the video ES buffer 51.
- PES Packetized Elementary
- step S402 the MUX 53 determines whether or not the read data includes the head of the picture. This determination is made by reading the picture start code (Picture Start Code) described in the header of the picture layer. If the head is included, the process proceeds to step S 403, and if not, the process proceeds to step S 406.
- picture start code Picture Start Code
- step S403 the counter 54 is incremented according to the control signal from the MUX 53.
- step S404 the matching processing circuit 55 refers to the data stored in the memory 34, reads the information associated with the same numerical value as the incremented counter 54, and reads the information corresponding to the scene change. Determines the presence or absence and notifies MU X53.
- step S405 the MUX 53 inserts the scene change information into the optional area in the header of the PES bucket based on the determination result by the matching processing circuit 55. The insertion position of the scene change information will be described later with reference to FIG. .
- step S406 the MUX 53 receives the audio ES buffer 52 from the audio ES buffer 52. An audio packet is generated using the read data and multiplexed with the output signal.
- step S407 the MUX 53 generates a video bucket in which other necessary system information is inserted into a predetermined header area, and multiplexes the video bucket with an output signal.
- step S408 it is determined whether or not to end the processing. If the processing is to be continued, the process returns to step S401, and the data read from the video ES buffer 51 is processed in the MUX 53. . Through the above processing, the MUP53 sequentially outputs the MPEG2 system stream to which the sequence change information has been added.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a format example of a header area into which scene change information is inserted.
- the data read from the video ES buffer 51 by the multiplexing process in the MUX 53 is stored in the PES packet.
- the header area is extended, and this extended area, together with a storage area for time stamps and the like, contains 16 bytes of PES private data.
- An optional area is provided. Therefore, by inserting scene change information into this optional area, it becomes possible to accurately extract the scene change information in synchronization with the picture playback timing at the time of playback.
- the number of pictures counted by the count 54 is recorded in the PES private data area together with the presence or absence of a scene change. For example, information on the presence or absence of a scene change is recorded in the first byte.
- the multiplexing unit 50 counts the number of pictures during the multiplexing process, and refers to the memory 34 to compare the count value, thereby determining the presence or absence of a scene change in the picture.
- Scene change according to Information is inserted into the multiplexed stream.
- the MUX 53 can insert scene change information accurately in synchronization with the multiplexing processing of pictures.
- the insertion position does not deviate from the start position of the picture.
- the insertion position in the PES private data area it is possible to easily and accurately synchronize the picture with the scene change information. Therefore, when the generated MPEG stream is reproduced, the timing at which a scene change occurs can be accurately extracted. For example, cueing and thumbnail generation for each scene are performed accurately in synchronization with the reproduced image.
- the scene change detection circuit may detect a scene change from the field read from the frame memory by the video encoder and the field stored two times before in the frame memory.
- the presence / absence of a scene change is identified using the number of pictures as a unit.
- this identification may be performed in a GOP (Group Of Picture) unit.
- the video encoder performs a count every time the first picture of the GOP is generated, and writes the count number and information indicating the presence or absence of a scene change to the memory.
- the multiplexing unit refers to the above memory to determine the presence or absence of a scene change.
- the scene change information is inserted in a PES packet including a GOP header.
- the position where the scene change information is written may be delayed by a few frames from the position where the scene change actually occurs, but is usually provided in the MPEG-2 format reproducing apparatus.
- the cueing function can be used to identify the position where a scene change has occurred.
- scene change information is inserted at the start of recording, so that the timing at which the recording is newly started is started. Can be extracted from the playback data.
- it may be inserted into the user data area immediately after the sequence header.
- a private bucket containing scene change information is stored immediately before the position where the first data of a frame is multiplexed. By doing so, it is possible to accurately extract the position where a scene change has occurred during playback.
- the header information when header information is inserted into coded data, the header information is referred to the frame information holding unit, so that the generated picture can be handled. Frame information to be obtained. Therefore, the frame information can be reliably written in the header information corresponding to the head data of this picture, and the occurrence of a shift in the writing position is prevented.
- the frame information is held in association with the first number of pictures, and the number of received pictures is counted when inserting the header information into the encoded data.
- the frame information corresponding to the generated picture can be obtained. Therefore, the frame information can be reliably written in the header information corresponding to the first data of this picture, and the occurrence of the writing position shift is prevented.
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Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CNB038240637A CN100364335C (zh) | 2003-04-24 | 2003-04-24 | 图像编码装置和图像编码方法 |
PCT/JP2003/005311 WO2004095844A1 (ja) | 2003-04-24 | 2003-04-24 | 画像符号化装置および画像符号化方法 |
AU2003231503A AU2003231503A1 (en) | 2003-04-24 | 2003-04-24 | Image encoding device and image encoding method |
JP2004571101A JP3923498B2 (ja) | 2003-04-24 | 2003-04-24 | 画像符号化装置および画像符号化方法 |
US11/084,011 US8428117B2 (en) | 2003-04-24 | 2005-03-21 | Image encoder and image encoding method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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PCT/JP2003/005311 WO2004095844A1 (ja) | 2003-04-24 | 2003-04-24 | 画像符号化装置および画像符号化方法 |
Related Child Applications (1)
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US11/084,011 Continuation US8428117B2 (en) | 2003-04-24 | 2005-03-21 | Image encoder and image encoding method |
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WO2004095844A1 true WO2004095844A1 (ja) | 2004-11-04 |
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JP (1) | JP3923498B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100364335C (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003231503A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004095844A1 (ja) |
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Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH08241217A (ja) * | 1995-03-07 | 1996-09-17 | Hitachi Ltd | 情報処理装置 |
JPH11262005A (ja) * | 1998-03-06 | 1999-09-24 | Nec Corp | 映像符号化方式 |
JP2002033712A (ja) * | 2000-07-17 | 2002-01-31 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | パケット処理装置及びそのパケット出力方法 |
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JP2000115665A (ja) * | 1998-10-06 | 2000-04-21 | Canon Inc | 画像記録装置及び方法並びに記憶媒体 |
KR100608454B1 (ko) * | 1999-10-19 | 2006-08-02 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 키프레임을 이용한 동화상 기록 및/또는 재생장치 |
-
2003
- 2003-04-24 CN CNB038240637A patent/CN100364335C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-04-24 AU AU2003231503A patent/AU2003231503A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-04-24 WO PCT/JP2003/005311 patent/WO2004095844A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2003-04-24 JP JP2004571101A patent/JP3923498B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH08241217A (ja) * | 1995-03-07 | 1996-09-17 | Hitachi Ltd | 情報処理装置 |
JPH11262005A (ja) * | 1998-03-06 | 1999-09-24 | Nec Corp | 映像符号化方式 |
JP2002033712A (ja) * | 2000-07-17 | 2002-01-31 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | パケット処理装置及びそのパケット出力方法 |
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JPWO2004095844A1 (ja) | 2006-07-13 |
AU2003231503A1 (en) | 2004-11-19 |
JP3923498B2 (ja) | 2007-05-30 |
CN1689331A (zh) | 2005-10-26 |
CN100364335C (zh) | 2008-01-23 |
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