WO2004088875A1 - Procede et dispositif permettant la mise en oeuvre d'une fonction d'equilibrage du trafic automatique dans une station de base d'un systeme phs - Google Patents
Procede et dispositif permettant la mise en oeuvre d'une fonction d'equilibrage du trafic automatique dans une station de base d'un systeme phs Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004088875A1 WO2004088875A1 PCT/CN2003/000239 CN0300239W WO2004088875A1 WO 2004088875 A1 WO2004088875 A1 WO 2004088875A1 CN 0300239 W CN0300239 W CN 0300239W WO 2004088875 A1 WO2004088875 A1 WO 2004088875A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- base station
- traffic
- channel
- personal terminal
- personal
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
- H04W48/02—Access restriction performed under specific conditions
- H04W48/06—Access restriction performed under specific conditions based on traffic conditions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a wireless communication management method, and more particularly, to a method and device for implementing a base station automatic traffic balancing function in a personal communication access system (PAS).
- PAS personal communication access system
- PHS Personal communication access system
- PHS Personal Handy phone System
- Fig. 1 schematically illustrates the basic configuration of a PAS system.
- the PAS personal wireless communication system generally includes a public telephone network 1, a wireless access section 2, a base station controller 3, multiple base stations 4, multiple personal terminals 5, and the like.
- the wireless telephone part (including the base station controller 3, the base station 4 and the personal terminal 5) is connected to the existing public telephone network 1 via the wireless access part 1, and each base station 4 controlled by the base station controller 3 controls and Communication of a plurality of personal terminals 5 so that the resources of the fixed telephone network can be used to make calls, send faxes, and transfer data and images between personal terminals or between a personal terminal and a wireless fixed unit, regardless of time, place, and individual Whether the terminal is in a mobile state or not.
- the present invention provides a method for implementing an automatic traffic balancing function of a base station.
- the basic principle of this method is to modify the broadcast information content of the base station to notify the personal terminal of the busy state of the base station's business channel in time, or to shield the control information sent from the base station to the personal terminal to temporarily make the base station from the list of available base stations of the personal terminal Disappears in order to prevent the personal terminal from attempting to establish communication with the base station with a busy traffic channel, thereby reducing new congestion caused by the personal terminal continuing to attempt to establish communication with the base station.
- the function of automatic traffic balancing of base stations in the PAS personal communication access system is realized.
- a method for implementing an automatic traffic balancing function of a base station in a personal communication access system wherein the personal communication access system includes a public telephone network, a wireless access section, a base station controller, and a plurality of Base station, and multiple A human terminal, the base station controller controls the operation of multiple base stations, and the base station processes control and / or communication services between the base station and corresponding multiple personal terminals through a system control channel and a communication channel.
- the method includes the following steps: When the traffic channel is busy, the corresponding personal terminal is prevented from attempting to establish communication with the base station; when the base station returns to the traffic channel idle state, the personal terminal is allowed to resume the attempt to establish communication with the base station in the normal working mode.
- the step of preventing a corresponding personal terminal from trying to establish communication with the base station when the base station is in a busy state of traffic may further include the following steps: Notifying the personal terminal of a message that the base station is busy, so that the personal terminal is no longer Attempt to establish communication with the base station.
- the step of preventing a corresponding personal terminal from attempting to establish communication with the base station when the base station is in a busy traffic channel state may further include the following steps: shielding the control information sent by the base station to the corresponding personal terminal through the control channel, so that the The personal terminal no longer attempts to establish communication with the base station.
- the step of preventing the corresponding personal terminal from attempting to establish communication with the base station may further include the following steps: the selective notification of the base station busy state information to the personal terminal or shielding
- the control information sent by the base station to the personal terminal prevents the personal terminal from attempting to establish information to the base station.
- an apparatus for implementing an automatic traffic balancing function of a base station in a personal communication access system includes a public telephone network, a wireless access section, a base station controller, Multiple base stations, and multiple personal terminals, the base station controller controls multiple base stations to work, the base station processes control and / or communication services between the base station and corresponding multiple personal terminals through a system control channel and a communication channel, and the device Including: a blocking device for preventing the personal terminal from continuing to try to establish communication with the base station when the base station is in a busy traffic channel state; and a recovery device for allowing the personal terminal to be one to three when the base station returns to the idle traffic channel state Attempts to establish communication with the base station are resumed as usual.
- the blocking device may further include: a notification device, configured to notify the personal terminal of a message that the base station is in a busy state, so that the personal terminal no longer attempts to establish communication with the base station.
- a notification device configured to notify the personal terminal of a message that the base station is in a busy state, so that the personal terminal no longer attempts to establish communication with the base station.
- the blocking device may further include: a control information shielding device configured to block the base station from sending control information to the personal terminal through the system control channel when the base station is in a busy traffic channel state, thereby preventing the personal terminal from continuing to the base terminal.
- the base station attempts to establish communication.
- the blocking device may further include function selection means for selectively notifying the personal terminal of the information about the busy status of the base station to the personal terminal or shielding the personal terminal from sending the personal terminal when the base station is in a busy traffic channel state.
- function selection means for selectively notifying the personal terminal of the information about the busy status of the base station to the personal terminal or shielding the personal terminal from sending the personal terminal when the base station is in a busy traffic channel state.
- the method and device for realizing the automatic traffic balancing function of the base station in the personal communication access system can effectively implement the traffic balancing between the high-traffic base station and the low-traffic base station, and through the effective of the traffic Sharing evenly improves the connection speed and connection rate of the entire system, while reducing the call blocking rate.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a PAS system of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a first solution of the base station traffic balancing method of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a second solution of the base station traffic balancing method of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a combination of FIG. 1 and FIG.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a base station traffic balancing method for two scenarios
- FIG. 5 is the first solution of the base station traffic balancing method according to the present invention shown in FIG. 2 0239
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a device corresponding to the two solutions of the base station traffic balancing method of the present invention shown in FIG. 3;
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a device corresponding to the base station traffic balancing method of the present invention shown in FIG. 4;
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an effect of setting a state switching holding time in the automatic traffic balancing function of a base station according to the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of traffic comparison before and after applying the base station automatic traffic balancing function of the present invention in a PAS system
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a comparison of the blocking rate before and after applying the automatic traffic balancing function of the base station of the present invention in a PAS system;
- FIG. 11 is a comparison of the traffic situation before and after applying the automatic traffic balancing function of the base station according to the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a result of a compatibility test performed on various types of mobile phones after applying the automatic traffic balancing function of the base station of the present invention. detailed description
- FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a first solution of a base station traffic balancing method according to the present invention.
- the busy / free state of the traffic channel of the base station is detected in step S 20. If it is determined in step S30 that the base station is in a busy state of the traffic channel, the system notifies the corresponding personal terminal of the busy state of the base station in step S40, so that the personal terminal no longer attempts to establish the base station with the base station. 3 000239
- step S50 the system will notify the corresponding personal terminal that the service channel of the base station is idle at step S50, so the personal terminal can try to establish communication with the base station in a normal working manner.
- step S60 it is determined in step S60 whether the automatic traffic balancing function of the base station is turned off. If it is not turned off, the system proceeds from the foregoing steps.
- step S20 restarts execution; otherwise, in step S70, the automatic traffic balancing function of the base station is performed, and the base station works according to the normal working mode.
- a broadcast channel BCH
- a paging channel PCH
- an access control channel SCCH
- the paging channel is used to send a called notification
- the access control channel is used to It is used to allocate a service channel to the mobile phone
- the content in the broadcast channel is used for the current operating state and related parameters of the base station broadcast system.
- the messages in the broadcast channel are divided into three categories: Radio channel information broadcasting messages (System information broadcasting messages) ⁇ Second system information broadcasting messages (Second system information broadcasting messages) .
- CS information base station information
- CS information base station information
- the value of the fifth bit of this field is 0, it means that the base station is currently available, that is, the mobile phone can choose to work or stand by the base station.
- the value of this bit is 1, it means that the base station is currently unavailable, and the mobile phone cannot choose to work or standby in this base station.
- implementing the traffic balancing function is to use the "CS information" bit to combine it with the base station traffic channel occupancy status, so that the free and busy status of the base station is notified to the end user in a timely manner through broadcast messages.
- the base station detects that all 7 traffic channels are occupied, it sets the base station information in the system broadcast message sent later as the base station is unavailable. In this way, the base station is in a state of "temporary disappearance" for the mobile phone, the mobile phone will not send a new chain establishment request to the base station, and the mobile phone standby under the base station will look for another base station to standby again.
- the base station When the base station detects the presence of an idle channel, it then sets the base station information in the system broadcast message sent later to the base station available state, so that the base station returns to the "line of sight” of the mobile phone again, and the mobile phone can send it to it.
- the chain request or standby is under this base station.
- the base station needs to notify the mobile phone of the change of the available status of the base station through a broadcast message, it is necessary to modify the broadcast receiving indication in the paging channel first, and then modify the system broadcast information, so that the change of the available status of the base station can be notified to the mobile phone in time.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a device corresponding to the foregoing first solution of a base station traffic balancing method according to the present invention.
- the figure only shows a part of the personal communication access (PAS) system of the present invention, that is, only one base station 2 and two personal terminals 5 connected to the base station 2 are shown.
- PAS personal communication access
- a notification device 501 and a recovery device 500 are provided in the base station 2, and the notification device 501 further includes a receiving message indication unit 502 and a busy status notification unit 503.
- the receiving message instruction unit 502 modifies the base station 2 to notify the corresponding personal terminal 5 to receive the system broadcast message through the broadcast receiving instruction in the paging channel of the system control channel.
- Busy status notification unit 503 modified base The content of the system information broadcast message transmitted by the station 2 to the personal terminal 5 through the broadcast channel in the system control channel, that is, the 5th bit position 1 of the base station information in the system information broadcast message indicates that the traffic channel of the base station 2 is busy The information is embedded in the broadcast message.
- the personal terminal 5 receives the system information broadcast message from the system broadcast channel after receiving the broadcast receiving instruction sent by the receiving message instruction unit 502, so that the personal terminal 5 knows the busy state of the service of the base station 2, and thus makes the personal terminal 5 no longer An attempt is made to establish communication with the base station 2.
- the recovery device 500 notifies the corresponding personal terminal 5 of the idle state of the base station 2, so the personal terminal 5 can try to communicate with the personal terminal 5 in a normal working manner.
- the base station 2 establishes communication.
- the automatic traffic balancing function of the base station is realized.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic flowchart of a second solution of the base station traffic balancing method of the present invention.
- the working state of the base station is first detected at S110. It is then determined in step S120 whether the base station is in a busy traffic channel state. If the answer is "Yes”, all control information sent from the system control channel to the personal terminal is masked in step S130, so the personal terminal no longer attempts to establish communication with the base station. If the answer is "No", it is determined that the base station is in an idle state of the traffic channel, and the system sends a control message to the personal terminal in a normal manner in step S140.
- step S150 it is determined whether the traffic balancing function is turned off in step S150. If it is not turned off, return to step S 110 and continue to repeat the operations of steps S 110 to S 150; otherwise, the base station turns off the traffic balancing function and works in a normal working manner.
- the base station When the base station When it detects that the channel returns to the idle state, it resends the correct control channel information, so that the base station returns to the "line of sight" of the mobile phone, and the mobile phone can send a chain establishment request to it or stand by the base station.
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a device corresponding to the above two solutions of the base station traffic balancing method of the present invention.
- the base station 2 is provided with a recovery device 500 and a control information shielding device 601.
- the control message masking device 601 masks all control information to the personal terminal 5 by setting all bit positions “1” of the information transmitted to the corresponding personal terminal 5 via the system control channel. Therefore, the personal terminal 5 does not attempt to establish communication with the base station 2 in a busy traffic channel state.
- the recovery device 500 When the base station 2 returns from the busy state of the traffic channel to the idle state of the traffic state, the recovery device 500 enables the base station 2 to send control information to the corresponding personal terminal 5 in the normal working mode, so the personal terminal 5 can try in the normal working mode. Communication is established with the base station 2. Thus, the automatic traffic balancing function of the base station is realized.
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic flowchart of a method for implementing an automatic traffic balancing function of a base station by combining the above two solutions.
- the personal communication access system PAS
- the personal communication access system first determines whether the automatic traffic balancing function of the base station is activated in step S210. If this function is not activated, the base station works in the usual way. If the function is activated, then in step S220, it is further determined which of the above schemes is activated. If one scheme is started, the first scheme shown in FIG. 2 described above is executed. If the two schemes are started, the second scheme shown in FIG. 3 is executed. If it is determined in step S210 that the automatic traffic balancing function of the base station is not enabled, then the base station continues to work in the normal working mode in step S230. T N2003 / 000239
- each parameter can be added to the control software of the base station. By adjusting these parameters, the traffic balance between the base stations can be effectively realized.
- each parameter as follows:
- This parameter is used to determine whether the base station enables automatic traffic balancing. For example, it can be specified that if the parameter value is set to 01, the base station will perform the traffic balance function according to plan 1. The parameter is set to 02, the base station will perform the traffic balance function according to plan 2. Set to 00 or other values, the base station will turn off the call. Service balance function. When this parameter is set to 01 or 02, the following four parameters will take effect.
- the base station When the automatic traffic balancing function switch of the base station is turned on, the number of idle channels in the base station will automatically enter the busy state when the number of idle channels is less than this threshold. At this time, the base station will modify the system broadcast information message (scheme 1;) or directly destroy the control channel. (Scheme 2), notify the mobile phone that the base station is temporarily unavailable, so that the mobile phone will not be able to establish a new contact with the base station or stand by the base station, thereby avoiding the further increase in traffic of the base station and forcing the remaining words. Traffic flows to other base stations. It is important to emphasize that the phones that are talking to this base station will not be affected. The unit used for this parameter is the number of remaining idle channels of the base station.
- the configuration range of this parameter is 00-06
- the configuration range of this parameter is 00- 0E (14 free channels).
- the recommended default parameter value is 00, that is, it enters the busy state when all channels of the base station are fully occupied.
- the base station when the automatic traffic balancing function of the base station is turned on, when the number of idle channels of the base station exceeds the threshold, the base station will enter the idle state from the busy state, that is, the normal working state. At this time, the base station modifies the system broadcast information again (scheme 1) or resumes control The channel sends control information (scheme 2) to notify the mobile phone that the base station is available again, so The machine can communicate with the base station normally or stand by under the base station. This means that when the traffic busy state of the base station is alleviated, the base station will return to the normal state until it enters the next busy state. The unit of this parameter is also determined by the remaining free channels of the base station.
- the parameter configuration range is 01-07
- the parameter configuration range is 01-0F (15 Free channels).
- the default parameters we recommend are 01, that is, when the base station appears an idle channel, the base station will enter the idle state from the busy state. It should be noted that the value of this parameter should be greater than the value of the base station busy state activation cabinet, otherwise logical confusion will occur.
- Parameter 4 / Parameter 5 Base station busy / idle hold time
- the base station busy / idle state hold time parameter is set in the system. For example, when the base station is in a busy state, instead of immediately switching to the idle state when the idle state activation condition is met, it continues to stay in the busy state for a certain period of time. If the base station detects The base station enters the idle state only when the idle condition activation conditions are met. If during this period, the base station detects that the number of channel occupancy does not satisfy the idle state activation condition, the base station continues to remain busy until the next time it detects that the channel occupancy number reaches the idle state activation condition again, and the base station restarts timing. Only when the idle condition activation condition can be satisfied within the time, the state switch occurs.
- the base station traffic channel idle state referred to in the present invention means that the base station has idle traffic channels whose number is greater than or equal to the base station idle state activation threshold in the idle state holding time; and the base station traffic channel busy state refers to the The base station has a number of idle traffic channels less than or equal to the base station busy state activation threshold during the busy state holding time.
- Figure 8 illustrates the effect of the parameter four / five on the state switching holding time. It is assumed here that the holding time of both states is set to 2 seconds. It is not difficult to see that if the state switching hold time is not set, the base station will switch back and forth between busy and idle states very frequently, as shown by the upper curve in FIG. 8. And when this is set After the two state switching hold times, the curve becomes relatively smooth, as shown in the lower curve in FIG. 8, that is, the base station will only change state when the conditions are satisfied and stable. Especially for the PHS system, since the mobile phone also temporarily occupies the traffic channel of the base station during registration, in order to prevent the state of the base station from changing due to registration, these two parameters must be set. The recommended default parameter values here are all 5 seconds.
- the content of one byte is used to indicate the above base station busy / idle state holding time, so the two holding times can be set in the range of 0-255 seconds.
- FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a device corresponding to the method of the first and second solutions combined with the base station traffic balancing method of the present invention.
- the structure of this figure is similar to that of FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, and the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and details are not described herein again.
- the base station 2 is provided with a recovery device 500 and a function selection device 701.
- the function selection device 701 further includes a parameter setting unit 702, a base station working state detection unit 703, a parameter detection unit 704, and a base station automatic traffic balancing function execution unit 705.
- the parameter setting unit 702 is configured to set a traffic balancing function start parameter, a first traffic balancing function parameter, and a second traffic balancing function parameter for controlling the work of the base station 2.
- the base station working state detection unit 703 is configured to detect a traffic channel state of the base station 2. If the base station 2 is in a traffic channel idle state, the base station 2 is caused to work according to a normal working mode. If it is detected that the base station 2 is in a busy traffic channel state, the system causes the parameter detection unit 704 to detect the traffic balancing function start parameter, the first traffic balancing function parameter, and the second traffic balancing function parameter of the base station. When the start parameter of the traffic balance function is not an enable value, the base station 2 is caused to work in a normal manner.
- the base station automatic traffic balancing function execution unit 705 executes The base station traffic balancing method shown in the above FIG. 3.
- the start parameter of the traffic balance function can be set to 00 or other values
- the enable value of the first traffic balance function parameter is set to 01
- the enable value of the second traffic balance function parameter is set to 02.
- the start parameter of the traffic balance function can be set to 00 or other values
- the enable value of the first traffic balance function parameter is set to 01
- the enable value of the second traffic balance function parameter is set to 02.
- those skilled in the art can understand that there are many possible settings for the above parameter values.
- the automatic traffic balancing function of the base station of the present invention is preferably implemented by related control software. However, it can also be implemented by the device described above in conjunction with Figs. 5-7. Moreover, those skilled in the art can easily think of other devices for implementing such a base station automatic traffic balancing function.
- Fig. 9 and Fig. 10 are comparison diagrams of the traffic volume and the blocking rate before and after applying the automatic traffic balancing function of the base station of the present invention in the PAS system, respectively.
- a 7-channel base station is taken as an example.
- the four parameters set are:
- Base station busy state activation threshold 1 free slot
- Base station idle state activation threshold 2 idle time slots
- Base station busy / idle hold time 5 seconds
- the traffic volume is slightly lower than the base station without the traffic balancing function, about 1 Ireland, but it can still maintain a busy level of about 4Erl (a 7-channel base station can provide about 3.5 at a 5% blocking rate. Erl's traffic volume), which shows that the traffic volume of this base station has been effectively controlled, and the traffic volume beyond the capacity of the base station is effectively shunted out to achieve the purpose of traffic balance.
- the base station with traffic balancing function has a significantly lower busy-hour blocking rate than base stations without traffic balancing function, and is basically controlled at about 5%. 25%.
- the expected purpose can also be achieved at this point, and this improvement will help increase the success rate and speed of connection.
- FIG. 11 is a comparison of the traffic volume before and after the base station automatic traffic balancing function of the present invention is enabled;
- Figure 12 is a comparison of the blocking rate before and after the base station automatic traffic balancing function of the present invention is enabled; Compatibility test results of various mobile phones after the service balancing function. Based on the effectiveness of these tests, it can be concluded that the inter-base station traffic balancing function of the present invention helps to provide the overall performance of the PAS system.
- the traffic between the base stations can be effectively balanced, and the traffic volume is offloaded from the busy base station (such as a high-power resistance-controlled base station in a mature area) to an idle base station (such as a large installation location that is not ideal).
- Power base stations or low-power base stations in a hybrid network on the one hand, it reduces the blocking rate of busy base stations, increases the connection speed and shortens the connection time, and on the other hand, improves the utilization rate of other base station business channels. Utilize and reduce costs.
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Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CNB038261456A CN100452915C (zh) | 2003-04-03 | 2003-04-03 | 用于实现phs基站自动话务平衡功能的方法和装置 |
AU2003236097A AU2003236097A1 (en) | 2003-04-03 | 2003-04-03 | A method and apparatus for realizing the automatical traffic balancing function of phs base-station |
PCT/CN2003/000239 WO2004088875A1 (fr) | 2003-04-03 | 2003-04-03 | Procede et dispositif permettant la mise en oeuvre d'une fonction d'equilibrage du trafic automatique dans une station de base d'un systeme phs |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PCT/CN2003/000239 WO2004088875A1 (fr) | 2003-04-03 | 2003-04-03 | Procede et dispositif permettant la mise en oeuvre d'une fonction d'equilibrage du trafic automatique dans une station de base d'un systeme phs |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2004088875A1 true WO2004088875A1 (fr) | 2004-10-14 |
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PCT/CN2003/000239 WO2004088875A1 (fr) | 2003-04-03 | 2003-04-03 | Procede et dispositif permettant la mise en oeuvre d'une fonction d'equilibrage du trafic automatique dans une station de base d'un systeme phs |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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CN (1) | CN100452915C (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2003236097A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2004088875A1 (zh) |
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CN108990097B (zh) * | 2018-09-18 | 2021-08-31 | 深圳市知赢科技有限公司 | 自动规避网络资源不足的方法、移动终端和存储介质 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2200325A1 (en) * | 1995-07-25 | 1997-02-13 | Hiroaki Koshima | Position display system of mobile terminal |
US5978683A (en) * | 1996-02-22 | 1999-11-02 | Sony Corporation | Communication apparatus and communication method |
US6134436A (en) * | 1997-03-06 | 2000-10-17 | Nec Corporation | Mobile communication system with mobile terminal equipment including both PHS and pager subsystems |
US6421514B2 (en) * | 1999-05-28 | 2002-07-16 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Charging device |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3893696B2 (ja) * | 1997-10-24 | 2007-03-14 | カシオ計算機株式会社 | 通信端末装置 |
CN1119048C (zh) * | 2000-10-20 | 2003-08-20 | 深圳市中兴通讯股份有限公司 | 个人手持电话系统基站的无线用户呼叫控制系统及方法 |
-
2003
- 2003-04-03 AU AU2003236097A patent/AU2003236097A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-04-03 CN CNB038261456A patent/CN100452915C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-04-03 WO PCT/CN2003/000239 patent/WO2004088875A1/zh not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2200325A1 (en) * | 1995-07-25 | 1997-02-13 | Hiroaki Koshima | Position display system of mobile terminal |
US5978683A (en) * | 1996-02-22 | 1999-11-02 | Sony Corporation | Communication apparatus and communication method |
US6134436A (en) * | 1997-03-06 | 2000-10-17 | Nec Corporation | Mobile communication system with mobile terminal equipment including both PHS and pager subsystems |
US6421514B2 (en) * | 1999-05-28 | 2002-07-16 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Charging device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2003236097A1 (en) | 2004-10-25 |
CN100452915C (zh) | 2009-01-14 |
CN1759625A (zh) | 2006-04-12 |
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