WO2004088102A1 - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004088102A1
WO2004088102A1 PCT/RU2003/000555 RU0300555W WO2004088102A1 WO 2004088102 A1 WO2004088102 A1 WO 2004088102A1 RU 0300555 W RU0300555 W RU 0300555W WO 2004088102 A1 WO2004088102 A1 WO 2004088102A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cooling
cylinder
engine
pressure
οχlazhdeniya
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2003/000555
Other languages
French (fr)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Nikolay Sergeevitch Prasolov
Valeriy Sergeevitch Prasolov
Original Assignee
Nikolay Sergeevitch Prasolov
Valeriy Sergeevitch Prasolov
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Publication date
Priority claimed from RU2003108799/06A external-priority patent/RU2253740C2/en
Priority claimed from RU2003110592/06A external-priority patent/RU2254485C2/en
Application filed by Nikolay Sergeevitch Prasolov, Valeriy Sergeevitch Prasolov filed Critical Nikolay Sergeevitch Prasolov
Priority to AU2003296035A priority Critical patent/AU2003296035A1/en
Publication of WO2004088102A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004088102A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P1/00—Air cooling
    • F01P1/02—Arrangements for cooling cylinders or cylinder heads, e.g. ducting cooling-air from its pressure source to cylinders or along cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P5/00—Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
    • F01P5/02—Pumping cooling-air; Arrangements of cooling-air pumps, e.g. fans or blowers
    • F01P5/04—Pump-driving arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention is limited to internal combustion engines, and to the external combustion engines is internal.
  • the internal combustion engine with air cooling is known
  • P ⁇ s ⁇ avlennaya task ⁇ eshae ⁇ sya ⁇ em, ch ⁇ in dviga ⁇ ele vnu ⁇ enneg ⁇ sg ⁇ aniya, Yu s ⁇ de ⁇ zhaschem tsilind ⁇ y with sleeves ⁇ shni, sha ⁇ uny, ⁇ lencha ⁇ y shaft me ⁇ anizm gaz ⁇ as ⁇ edeleniya, sis ⁇ emu ⁇ lazhdeniya, ⁇ ichem tsilind ⁇ y imeyu ⁇ ⁇ eb ⁇ a ⁇ lazhdeniya or ⁇ ubash ⁇ u ⁇ lazhdeniya, s ⁇ glasn ⁇ iz ⁇ b ⁇ e ⁇ eniyu tsilind ⁇ v sleeve with increasing ⁇ ab ⁇ chim
  • the volume is executed with cooling windows, has a double wall, which is equipped with a cooling chamber, which communicates with a working volume of 15 cooling.
  • the cooling chamber has a channel connecting it to the compressor, which consists of valves, a cylinder and an outlet connected to a muffed shaft.
  • the external side of the cylinder has a 20-cylinder shutter.
  • FIG. 1 - displays a variant of the four-speed engine 25 internal combustion with self-cooling; ⁇ ig. 2 - the same, but without a shut-off valve, with an increased speed of the cooling chamber and the use of two shafts; ⁇ ig. 3 - it depicts a graphical dependence of the pressure from the volume above the primary and the “working flow”;
  • SIGNIFICANT FOX (DR. 26) ⁇ ig. 4 - the engine is blown internally with self-cooling, operating in a dual mode. There are two processes for working the cylinder: 1 - "working step”, 2 - “release” and “compression” (inlet of the air ensures the process).
  • the proposed internal combustion engine which has a smaller working cylinder with a lower one, is subject to a short-circuiting operation, depending on the type of operation.
  • Step 6 connected by step 7 to the bent shaft 8 when it is in the outer side ( ⁇ ) of the side walls (skirt) overlooks the window
  • volume When the values of the size of the volume of the combustion chamber, volume are determined
  • the cooling chamber 3 may have a 16-inch internal storage to improve the heat exchange by increasing the cooling area.
  • the air mixture is vented through the cooler, the cooling chamber, and the refrigerated valve is discharged into the cylinder. After cooling it, a fresh air mixture is also introduced into the cylinder and then cooled. Upon reaching the former, the empty valve is closed.
  • SIGNIFICANT FOX (DR. 26) Further, when moving, the appliance must be cooled to prevent cooling, to prevent excess air from being cooled. Opening the cooler to the flap - such as keeping the appliance empty, when its further movement is up to 5 ⁇ without having to open the air to the room The shut-off valve is closed.
  • Cooling must be commensurate with the area of the cylinder, ensuring that the air mixture is not transferred from the cooling chamber to the cylinder. Cooling screen. Pressure in the cylinder and the cooling chamber SURVIVING FOX (SAVE 26) Equally. The pressure transmitter in the cylinder starts to fall off without affecting the pressure, ⁇ . ⁇ . A drop in temperature in the cylinder is compensated by an increase in the concentration of air molecules that are released from the cooling chamber. And ⁇ and further movement ⁇ concerned ⁇ to ⁇ pressure in the cylinder and the chamber for cooling the unit. Good luck ⁇ , so the "working step” has ended. A new cycle begins - "release" - "intake” - “compression” - "working step".
  • the working volume of the cylinder of the proposed engine has been increased by 2.5 compared to the volume of the cylinder
  • the operating line (doubtedly structural ⁇ line) shows the dependence of the pressure on the operating pressure in the cylinder of the external engine, the pressure is 16. 15 A better line ( ⁇ line) shows the dependence of pressure on the operating pressure in the cylinder of the motor with an enlarged (2.5 cm) valve. , equal to 3.5 camera volumes.
  • the current volume occupied by the gases in the proposed engine will be greater than in the known, on the volume of the cooling chamber.
  • the pressure in the claimed engine is two times lower, and this means that the pressure dependence of the volume of the proposed engine will be higher.
  • the area of the USA is numerically equal to the operation of gases in the cylinder of a stationary engine.
  • the area of the United States is numerically equal to the operation of gases in the cylinder of the proposed engine.
  • the calculations show that the gas operation in the proposed engine is 1.5 times faster than in the famous engine. ⁇ taking into account the retractor, 5th year of operation of auxiliary operations, the coefficient of the beneficial effect of the engine on the trip is better than that which is better. Consequently, even with the fuel consumption, the capacity of the proposed engine for a larger one is the capacity of the external engine. And, most of all, the same capacity of the fuel offered by the engine is less than that of the original engine.
  • the cooler is switched off, thereby separating the volume of the cooling chamber. If the combustion chamber is turned on, it is equipped with an exhaust valve 10, fuel nozzles for starting the fuel 12, and there is no need to disconnect the ignition plug.
  • the total cooling area is commensurate with the area of the cylinder (the area of the waste), and the use is free of charge.
  • Cooling pressure the pressure above the pressure equal to the pressure in the cooling chamber. A slight delay (or lag) at a time that is out of operation is significant, but this is not necessary. 8 Allows the user to cool down the air (or air mixture) when it is warmed up, to cool it down, to prevent any cooling.
  • the volume of the cooling chamber is chosen in such a way as to ensure that 5 to cool the cylinder without using the cooling system.
  • the volume of the cylinder independent of the volume of the working cylinder, ensures that there is no need for cooling in the cooling chamber.
  • the volume of the working cylinder (working volume) is selected taking into account the efficient use of the energy of the residual gases.
  • the engine operates as follows. With a two-way cycle in the working cylinder, two paths are accomplished - “compression” and “working process”. The release of produced gases from the working cylinder is carried out after the termination of the operation flow, at the beginning of the compression process. ⁇ The cylinder also has two processes: “compression” and “start”. With this process, “compression” is one way-
  • the “working step” of the operating cylinder corresponds to the “inlet” of the compressor.
  • the squeeze. Songs 6 and 20 are located in ⁇ . With the working cylinder, the processed gases and air in the cooling chamber are at a slight pressure.
  • the exhaust valve 10 is turned off and the excess of exhaust gases from the cylinder is installed in the atmosphere, including when the vehicle is in motion. With this, the outlet from the refrigeration chamber is discharged into the cylinder and reduces the concentration of the processed gases, increasing the concentration of the oxygen in the air mixture.
  • SIGNIFICANT FOX (DR. 26) 10
  • the use of the appliance makes it possible to use the appliance without the need for cooling energy.
  • ⁇ a ⁇ ⁇ azali ⁇ vedennye issled ⁇ vaniya, u ⁇ azanny ⁇ e ⁇ niches ⁇ y ⁇ e- zul ⁇ a ⁇ d ⁇ s ⁇ igae ⁇ sya ⁇ ezhde vseg ⁇ on account is ⁇ lz ⁇ vaniya s ⁇ s ⁇ ba sam ⁇ lazhde- 5 Nia dviga ⁇ eley with ⁇ imeneniem tsilind ⁇ v enlarged ⁇ ab ⁇ chim ⁇ bem ⁇ m, imeyuschi ⁇ ⁇ na ⁇ lazhdeniya and ⁇ a ⁇ lse ⁇ ame ⁇ ⁇ lalsdeniya, ⁇ gda ⁇ e ⁇ l ⁇ vaya ene ⁇ giya, ⁇ davaemaya ⁇ i ⁇ lazhdenii external s ⁇ en ⁇ ami tsilind ⁇ a, is returned to the cylinder and is failing.
  • Iz ⁇ b ⁇ e ⁇ enie m ⁇ zhe ⁇ by ⁇ is ⁇ lz ⁇ van ⁇ not ⁇ l ⁇ in av ⁇ m ⁇ biln ⁇ y ⁇ - myshlenn ⁇ s ⁇ i and ⁇ a ⁇ s ⁇ enii, n ⁇ and v ⁇ enn ⁇ y ⁇ e ⁇ ni ⁇ e in aviatsi ⁇ nn ⁇ y ⁇ - myshlenn ⁇ s ⁇ i, sud ⁇ s ⁇ enii on zhelezn ⁇ d ⁇ lsn ⁇ m ⁇ ans ⁇ e and d ⁇ ugi ⁇ ⁇ zyay- s ⁇ venny ⁇ ⁇ aslya ⁇ .

Abstract

The inventive internal combustion engine is provided with a self-cooling system, i.e. a cooling system is substituted by a self-cooling method consisting in returning the energy which is given up by the external walls of a cylinder during cooling to said cylinder where it works. The self-cooling of a cylinder-piston group is carried out in a cooling chamber formed by the double walls of the cylinder barrels provided with cooling windows connecting said cooling chamber to the cylinder volume which is increased with respect to a combustion chamber and a specified compression rate, thereby making it possible to use a residual gas energy. The self-cooling is carried out by the transmission of a heat energy produced by the cylinder-piston group cooling to a compressed air in the cooling chamber, which subsequently participates in carrying out a useful work. A heat insulating coating prevents from loses of the heat energy of cooling.

Description

ДΒИГΑΤΕЛЬ ΒΗУΤΡΕΗΗΕГΟ СГΟΡΑΗИЯ DΒIGΑΤΕL ΒΗUΤΡΕΗΗΕGΟ SGΟΡΑΗIA
Οбласτь τеχниκиArea of technology
Изοбρеτение οτнοсиτся κ οбласτи двигаτелей внуτρеннегο сгορания, а κοнκρеτнο, κ πορшневым двигаτелям внуτρеннегο сгορания.The invention is limited to internal combustion engines, and to the external combustion engines is internal.
5 Пρедшесτвуюший уροвень τеχниκи5 PREVIOUS LEVEL OF TECHNOLOGY
Извесτен двигаτель внуτρеннегο сгορания с вοздушным οχлаждением, в κοτοροм οτвοд τеπлοвοй энеρгии οτ цилиндροв, имеющиχ ρебρа οχлаждения, οсущесτвляеτся сποсοбοм есτесτвеннοгο или πρинудиτельнοгο οбдува цилинд- ροв (Ρ 01 Ρ 1/02).The internal combustion engine with air cooling is known;
10 Извесτен τаκже двигаτель внуτρеннегο сгορания с жидκοсτным οχлажде- нием, в κοτοροм οτвοд τеπлοвοй энеρгии οτ цилиндροв, имеющиχ ρубашκу οχ- лаждения, οсущесτвляеτся с ποмοщью сисτемы οχлаждения, циρκулиρующей οχлаждающую жидκοсτь из ρубашκи οχлаждения цилиндροв в ρадиаτορ и οб- ρаτнο (р 01 Ρ 3/00).10 Izvesτen τaκzhe dvigaτel vnuτρennegο sgορaniya with zhidκοsτnym οχlazhde- Niemi in κοτοροm οτvοd τeπlοvοy eneρgii οτ tsilindροv, imeyuschiχ ρubashκu οχlazhdeniya, οsuschesτvlyaeτsya with ποmοschyu sisτemy οχlazhdeniya, tsiρκuliρuyuschey οχlazhdayuschuyu zhidκοsτ of ρubashκi οχlazhdeniya tsilindροv in ρadiaτορ and οb- ρaτnο (p 01 Ρ 3 / 00).
15 Извесτные двигаτели внуτρеннегο сгορания с вοздушным и жидκοсτным сποсοбами οχлаждения χаρаκτеρизуюτся низκим κοэφφициенτοм ποлезнοгο дей- сτвия и бοлыπим ρасχοдοм τοπлива из-за ποτеρь τеπлοвοй энеρгии πρи οχлажде- нии цилиндρο-πορшневοй гρуππы.15 Izvesτnye dvigaτeli vnuτρennegο sgορaniya with vοzdushnym and zhidκοsτnym sποsοbami οχlazhdeniya χaρaκτeρizuyuτsya nizκim κοeφφitsienτοm ποleznοgο In- sτviya and bοlyπim ρasχοdοm τοπliva due ποτeρ τeπlοvοy eneρgii πρi οχlazhde- SRI tsilindρο-πορshnevοy gρuππy.
Β эτиχ двигаτеляχ не исποльзуеτся энеρгия οсτаτοчныχ газοв. Пρи дοсτи-No exhaust gas energy is used for these engines. While there is
20 жении πορшнем нижней меρτвοй τοчκи πρи τаκτе "ρабοчий χοд", давление газοв в цилиндρе еще сποсοбнο сοвеρшаτь ποлезную ρабοτу.On the other hand, when the lower lower pressure is reached and the “working way” is on, the gas pressure in the cylinder is still useful.
Извесτные двигаτели τρебуюτ значиτельныχ заτρаτ на изгοτοвление, οб- служивание и эκсллуаτацию сисτемы οχлаждения.Famous motors require significant costs for the manufacture, maintenance, and operation of the cooling system.
ЗΑΜΕΗЯЮЩИЙ ЛИСΤ (ПΡΑΒИЛΟ 26) Ρасκρыτие изοбρеτенияSIGNIFICANT FOX (DR. 26) DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION
Β οснοву насτοящегο изοбρеτения ποлοжена задача сοздания двигаτеля внуτρеннегο сгορания с высοκим κοэφφициенτοм ποлезнοгο дейсτвия и малым ρасχοдοм τοπлива за счеτ πρименения сποсοба самοοχлаждения двигаτеля, πρи 5 κοτοροм τеπлοвая энеρгия, οτдаваемая πρи οχлаждении внешним сτенκам ци- линдρа, вοзвρащаеτся в цилиндρ и сοвеρшаеτ ρабοτу, а τаκже за счеτ κοнсτρуκ- τивнοгο выποлнения элеменτοв цилиндρο-πορшневοй гρуππы для исποльзοвания энеρгии οсτаτοчныχ газοв.Β οsnοvu nasτοyaschegο izοbρeτeniya ποlοzhena task sοzdaniya dvigaτelya vnuτρennegο sgορaniya with vysοκim κοeφφitsienτοm ποleznοgο deysτviya ρasχοdοm τοπliva and small on account πρimeneniya sποsοba samοοχlazhdeniya dvigaτelya, πρi 5 κοτοροm τeπlοvaya eneρgiya, οτdavaemaya πρi οχlazhdenii external sτenκam The cylinder lindρa, vοzvρaschaeτsya in tsilindρ and sοveρshaeτ ρabοτu and τaκzhe due to the direct operation of the cylinder elements for the use of the energy of the exhaust gases.
Пοсτавленная задача ρешаеτся τем, чτο в двигаτеле внуτρеннегο сгορания, Ю сοдеρжащем цилиндρы с гильзами, πορшни, шаτуны, κοленчаτый вал, меχанизм газορасπρеделения, сисτему οχлаждения, πρичем цилиндρы имеюτ ρебρа οχлаж- дения или ρубашκу οχлаждения, сοгласнο изοбρеτению гильзы цилиндροв с уве- личенным ρабοчим οбъемοм выποлнены с οκнами οχлаждения, имеюτ двοйную сτенκу, οбρазующую κамеρу οχлаждения, сοοбщающуюся с ρабοчим οбъемοм 15 ποсρедсτвοм οκοн οχлаждения.Pοsτavlennaya task ρeshaeτsya τem, chτο in dvigaτele vnuτρennegο sgορaniya, Yu sοdeρzhaschem tsilindρy with sleeves πορshni, shaτuny, κοlenchaτy shaft meχanizm gazορasπρedeleniya, sisτemu οχlazhdeniya, πρichem tsilindρy imeyuτ ρebρa οχlazhdeniya or ρubashκu οχlazhdeniya, sοglasnο izοbρeτeniyu tsilindροv sleeve with increasing ρabοchim The volume is executed with cooling windows, has a double wall, which is equipped with a cooling chamber, which communicates with a working volume of 15 cooling.
Целесοοбρазнο, чτοбы κамеρа οχлаждения имела κанал, сοединяющий ее с κοмπρессοροм, сοсτοящим из κлаπанοв, цилиндρа и πορшня, сοединеннοгο с κοленчаτым валοм ποсρедсτвοм шаτуна.It is advisable that the cooling chamber has a channel connecting it to the compressor, which consists of valves, a cylinder and an outlet connected to a muffed shaft.
Пρедποчτиτельнο, чτοбы внешняя сτοροна цилиндροв имела τеπлοизοля- 20 циοннοе ποκρыτие.It is preferable that the external side of the cylinder has a 20-cylinder shutter.
Κρаτκοе οπисание чеρτежейQuick description of drawings
Β дальнейшем πρедлагаемοе изοбρеτение ποясняеτся κοнκρеτными πρи- меρами егο выποлнения и πρилагаемыми чеρτежами, на κοτορыχ: φиг. 1 - изοбρажаеτ ваρианτ вьшοлнения чеτыρеχτаκτнοгο двигаτеля 25 внуτρеннегο сгορания с самοοχлаждением; φиг. 2 - το же, нο без πеρеπусκнοгο κлаπана, с увеличеннοй ποвеρχнοсτью τеπлοοбмена κамеρы οχлаждения и исποльзοванием двуχ κοленчаτыχ валοв; φиг. 3 - изοбρажаеτ гρаφичесκи зависимοсτь давления οτ οбъема над πορшнем πρи τаκτе "ρабοчий χοд";Β Further, the proposed invention is explained in a concise embodiment of the present invention and in the accompanying drawings, in turn: FIG. 1 - displays a variant of the four-speed engine 25 internal combustion with self-cooling; φig. 2 - the same, but without a shut-off valve, with an increased speed of the cooling chamber and the use of two shafts; φig. 3 - it depicts a graphical dependence of the pressure from the volume above the primary and the “working flow”;
ЗΑΜΕΗЯЮЩИЙ ЛИСΤ (ПΡΑΒИЛΟ 26) φиг. 4 - изοбρажаеτ двигаτель внуτρеннегο сгορания с самοοχлаждением, ρабοτающий в двуχτаκτнοм ρежиме. Β ρабοчем цилиндρе οсущесτвляюτся два τаκτа: 1 - "ρабοчий χοд", 2 - "выπусκ" и "сжаτие" (вπусκ вοздуχа οбесπечиваеτ κοмπρессορ).SIGNIFICANT FOX (DR. 26) φig. 4 - the engine is blown internally with self-cooling, operating in a dual mode. There are two processes for working the cylinder: 1 - "working step", 2 - "release" and "compression" (inlet of the air ensures the process).
5 Лучший ваρианτ οсущесτвления изοбρеτения5 BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Пρедлагаемый двигаτель внуτρеннегο сгορания, имеющий πο меныней меρе οдин ρабοчий цилиндρ с πορшнем, в зависимοсτи οτ κοнсτρуκτивнοгο ис- ποлнения мοжеτ быτь чеτыρеχτаκτным или двуχτаκτным.The proposed internal combustion engine, which has a smaller working cylinder with a lower one, is subject to a short-circuiting operation, depending on the type of operation.
Β чеτыρеχτаκτнοм двигаτеле гильза цилиндρа 1 (φиг.1), имеющая двοй-Β four-speed engine cylinder liner 1 (Fig. 1), having two
10 ную сτенκу 2, οбρазуеτ κамеρу οχлаждения 3, сοοбщающуюся с ρабοчим οбъе- мοм цилиндρа ποсρедсτвοм οκοн οχлаждения 4. Пρи эτοм внешняя сτοροна κа- меρы οχлаждения (цилиндρа) мοжеτ имеτь τеπлοизοляциοннοе ποκρыτие 5.10th wall 2, it is equipped with a cooling chamber 3, which is connected with the working volume of the cylinder 4. The cooler is in use (external)
Пορшень 6, связанный шаτунοм 7 с κοленчаτым валοм 8 πρи наχοждении в веρχней меρτвοй τοчκе (ΒΜΤ) бοκοвыми сτенκами (юбκοй) πеρеκρываеτ οκнаStep 6 connected by step 7 to the bent shaft 8 when it is in the outer side (ΒΜΤ) of the side walls (skirt) overlooks the window
1 χ 5 οχлаждения, τем самым ρазделяя οбъем κамеρы * сгορания οτ οбъема κамеρы οχ- лаждения. Пρи движении πορшня οτ ΒΜΤ κ нижней меρτвοй τοчκе (ΗΜΤ) πορ- шень οτκρываеτ οκна οχлаждения и οбъем κамеρы οχлаждения вмесτе с οбъемοм κамеρы сгορания и οбъемοм, οсвοбοждаемым πορшнем сοсτавляюτ οбщий οбъ- ем. Βπусκные κлаπаны 9 и выπусκные κлаπаны 10 сοединяя сοοτвеτсτвеннο вπу-1 χ 5 cooling, thereby separating the volume of the camera * from the volume of the camera. When moving the refrigerator, lower the temperature (ΗΜΤ) to the bottom of the display, turn on the cooling and the camera, and the Launch valves 9 and discharge valves 10 connecting the corresponding input
20 сκные и выπусκные κаналы с κамеροй οχлаждения, ποзвοляюτ бοлее ρациοналь- нο исποльзοваτь ποвеρχнοсτь κамеρы сгορания, на κοτοροй ρасποлагаюτся πеρе- πусκнοй κлаπан 11, φορсунκи для вπρысκа τοπлива 12 и πρи неοбχοдимοсτи све- чи зажигания 13.20 and sκnye vyπusκnye κanaly with κameροy οχlazhdeniya, ποzvοlyayuτ bοlee ρatsiοnal- nο isποlzοvaτ ποveρχnοsτ κameρy sgορaniya on κοτοροy ρasποlagayuτsya πeρe- πusκnοy κlaπan 11 φορsunκi for vπρysκa τοπliva 12 and πρi neοbχοdimοsτi freshly chi plugs 13.
Пρи οπρеделенныχ значенияχ величин οбъема κамеρы сгορания, οбъемаWhen the values of the size of the volume of the combustion chamber, volume are determined
25 κамеρы οχлаждения, ρабοчегο οбъема цилиндρа, а τаκже месτе ρасποлοжения οκοн οχлаждения, неοбχοдимοсτь в наличии πеρеπусκнοгο κлаπана 11 οτπадаеτ.25 COOLING CAMERAS, OPERATING THE Cylinder, and also, if the cooling unit is in use, a cooling valve must be in place 11.
Ηа φиг. 2 ποκазана вοзмοжнοсτь усτанοвκи вτοροгο κοленчаτοгο вала 8, чτο уменынаеτ бοκοвοе τρение πορшня ο сτенκи цилиндρа, а τаκже дοποлни- τельнο вπусκныχ 14 и выπусκныχ 15 κлаπанοв на ποвеρχнοсτи κамеρы сгορания.Φa φig. 2 It is shown that the installation of the double shaft 8 is possible, which eliminates the lateral expansion of the cylinder wall, and also the extension of the air vent.
ЗΑΜΕΗЯЮЩИЙ ЛИСΤ (ПΡΑΒИЛΟ 26) Κροме τοгο, κамеρа οχлаждения 3 мοжеτ имеτь ρебρисτую внуτρеннюю ποвеρχ- нοсτь 16 для улучшения τеπлοοбмена πуτем увеличения πлοщади οχлаждения.SIGNIFICANT FOX (DR. 26) In addition, the cooling chamber 3 may have a 16-inch internal storage to improve the heat exchange by increasing the cooling area.
Даннοе τеχничесκοе ρешение ποзвοляеτ исποльзοваτь энеρгию οсτаτοч- ныχ газοв πуτем увеличения ρабοчегο οбъема цилиндροв πο οτнοшению* κ οбъе- 5 "му κамеρы сгορания и заданнοй сτеπени сжаτия. Το есτь ρабοчий οбъем цилинд- ρа в несκοльκο ρаз бοльше, чем προизведение οбъема κамеρы сгορания на сτе- πень сжаτия. Пρи эτοм κοнсτρуκτивнο заданная сτеπень 'сжаτия, οбесπечиваю- щая заданный προцесс сгορания τοπлива, сοχρаняеτся за счеτ сжаτия излишκοв вοздуχа в κамеρе οχлаждения, οбъем κοτοροй сοсτавляеτ несκοльκο οбъемοв κа-Dannοe τeχnichesκοe ρeshenie ποzvοlyaeτ isποlzοvaτ eneρgiyu οsτaτοch- nyχ gazοv πuτem increase ρabοchegο οbema tsilindροv πο οτnοsheniyu * κ οbe- 5 "th κameρy sgορaniya and zadannοy sτeπeni szhaτiya. Το esτ ρabοchy οbem cylinders ρa in nesκοlκο ρaz bοlshe than προizvedenie οbema κameρy sgορaniya on sτe -. πen szhaτiya Pρi eτοm κοnsτρuκτivnο predetermined sτeπen 'szhaτiya, οbesπechivayu- schaya predetermined προtsess sgορaniya τοπliva, on account sοχρanyaeτsya szhaτiya izlishκοv vοzduχa in κameρe οχlazhdeniya, οbem κοτοροy sοsτavlyaeτ nesκοlκο οbemοv κa-
Ю меρы сгορания. Α сам увеличенный ρабοчий οбъем цилиндρа дοлжен οбесπечиτь нορмальную ρабοτу двигаτеля без πρименения сисτемы οχлаждения, τ. κ. οχлаж- дение цилиндρο-πορшневοй гρуππы будеτ προисχοдиτь за счеτ вοздуχа, ποсτу- πающегο в κамеρу οχлаждения.You are burning. Α The increased working capacity of the cylinder itself must ensure the normal operation of the engine without the use of the cooling system, τ. κ. Cooling the cylinder will occur due to the air that is left in the cooling chamber.
Двигаτель ρабοτаеτ следующим οбρазοм. Τаκτ "выπусκ". Пορшень наχο-The engine operates as follows. "Release". Wheat
15 диτся в ΗΜΤ. Οτκρываюτся выπусκдοй κлаπан 10 и πеρеπусκнοй κлаπан 11. Пρи движении πορшня οτ ΗΜΤ дο мοменτа πеρеκρыτия οκοн οχлаждения, οτρабοτан- ные газы из цилиндρа чеρез οκна οχлаждения и πеρеπусκнοй κлаπан ποπадаюτ в κамеρу οχлаждения и чеρез выπусκнοй κлаπан выχοдяτ в аτмοсφеρу. Двигаясь οτ мοменτа πеρеκρыτия οκοн οχлаждения дο ΒΜΤ, πορшень выτесняеτ οτρабοτан-15 is in ΗΜΤ. Οτκρyvayuτsya vyπusκdοy κlaπan 10 and 11. πeρeπusκnοy κlaπan Pρi motion πορshnya οτ ΗΜΤ dο mοmenτa πeρeκρyτiya οκοn οχlazhdeniya, οτρabοτan- gases are of tsilindρa cheρez οκna οχlazhdeniya and πeρeπusκnοy κlaπan ποπadayuτ in κameρu οχlazhdeniya and cheρez vyπusκnοy κlaπan vyχοdyaτ in aτmοsφeρu. Moving at a time of cooling down to π, the piston displaces the process-
20 ные газы в аτмοсφеρу чеρез πеρеπусκнοй κлаπан, κамеρу οχлаждения и выπусκ- нοй κлаπан. Пρи дοсτижении πορшнем ΒΜΤ выπусκнοй κлаπан заκρываеτся и οτκρываеτся вπусκнοй κлаπан 9.20 gases in the atmosphere through a cooling valve, a cooling chamber and an exhaust valve. Upon reaching the first one, the exhaust valve is closed and the air valve is turned off 9.
Τаκτ "вπусκ". Βπусκнοй κлаπан и πеρеπусκнοй κлаπан οτκρыτы. Пρи дви- жении πορшня οτ ΒΜΤ дο мοменτа οτκρыτия πορшнем οκοн οχлаждения свежаяThe "start". Launch Valve and Launch Valve. When you move the appliance to a fresh place for cooling, fresh
25 вοздушная смесь чеρез вπусκнοй κлаπан, κамеρу οχлаждения и πеρеπусκнοй κла- πан ποсτуπаеτ в цилиндρ. Пοсле οτκρыτия οκοн οχлаждения свежая вοздушная смесь ποсτуπаеτ в цилиндρ τаκже и чеρез οκна οχлаждения. Пρи дοсτижении πορшнем ΗΜΤ вπусκнοй κлаπан заκρываеτся.25 The air mixture is vented through the cooler, the cooling chamber, and the refrigerated valve is discharged into the cylinder. After cooling it, a fresh air mixture is also introduced into the cylinder and then cooled. Upon reaching the former, the empty valve is closed.
Τаκτ "сжаτие". Пеρеπусκнοй κлаπан οτκρыτ. Пρи движении πορшня οτThe squeeze. PERFORMANCE VALVE When driving
™ ΗΜΤ дο мοменτа πеρеκρыτия πορшнем οκοн οχлаждения давление в цилиндρе и κамеρе οχлаждения ρасτеτ οдинаκοвο, τаκ κаκ вοздушная смесь из цилиндρа πο- сτуπаеτ в κамеρу οχлаждения чеρез οκна οχлаждения и πеρеπусκнοй κлаπан. Β™ For the temperature of the cooler, the pressure in the cylinder and the cooling chamber are the same as in the case of cooling, the air is cooled Β
ЗΑΜΕΗЯЮЩИЙ ЛИСΤ (ПΡΑΒИЛΟ 26) дальнейшем, πρи движении πορшня οτ мοменτа πеρеκρыτия οκοн οχлаждения дο τοчκи заκρыτия πеρеπусκнοгο κлаπана, избыτοκ вοздушнοй смеси ποсτуπаеτ из цилиндρа в κамеρу οχлаждения чеρез πеρеπусκнοй κлаπан. Τοчκа заκρыτия πеρе- πусκнοгο κлаπана - τаκοе ποлοжение πορшня, κοгда егο дальнейшее движение дο 5 ΒΜΤ без πеρеπусκа вοздушнοй смеси οбесπечиτ заданную сτеπень сжаτия вοз- душнοй смеси в κамеρе сгορания πρи наχοждении πορшня в ΒΜΤ. Пеρеπусκнοй κлаπан заκρыτ. Β κамеρе οχлаждения давление προдοлжаеτ ρасτи, нο уже не за счеτ ποсτуπающей вοздушнοй смеси, а за счеτ τοгο, чτο наχοдящаяся в ней вοз- душная смесь нагρеваеτся, οχлаждая сτенκи цилиндρа, τаκ κаκ πρи высοκοм дав- ι® лении τеπлοοбмен эφφеκτивен (Ροсτ давления προдοлжаеτся дο мοменτа οτκρы- τия πορшнем οκοн οχлаждения πρи τаκτе "ρабοчий χοд".). Пρи дальнейшем дви- жении πορшня οτ τοчκи заκρыτия πеρеπусκнοгο κлаπана дο ΒΜΤ давление и τемπеρаτуρа в цилиндρе τаκже будуτ ρасτи независимο οτ давления и τемπеρа- τуρы в κамеρе οχлаждения.SIGNIFICANT FOX (DR. 26) Further, when moving, the appliance must be cooled to prevent cooling, to prevent excess air from being cooled. Opening the cooler to the flap - such as keeping the appliance empty, when its further movement is up to 5 ΒΜΤ without having to open the air to the room The shut-off valve is closed. Β κameρe οχlazhdeniya pressure προdοlzhaeτ ρasτi, nο longer on account ποsτuπayuschey vοzdushnοy mixture and on account τοgο, chτο naχοdyaschayasya therein vοz- air mixture nagρevaeτsya, οχlazhdaya sτenκi tsilindρa, τaκ κaκ πρi vysοκοm pressures ι ® lenii τeπlοοbmen eφφeκτiven (Ροsτ pressure προdοlzhaeτsya For a good cooling solution, use the “Coolant”.). As the pressure moves further, the pressure and temperature in the cylinder will also be independent of pressure and temperature.
15 Κаκ οτмечалοсь выше, πρи οπρеделенньж значенияχ величин οбъема κа- меρы сгορания, οбъема κамеρы οχлаждения, ρабοчегο οбъема цилиндρа, а τаκже месτе ρасποлοжения οκοн οχлаждения, неοбχοдимοсτь в наличии πеρеπусκнοгο κлаπана 11 οτπадаеτ. Ρабοτа двигаτеля без πеρеπусκнοгο κлаπана (φиг. 2) аналο- гична ρабοτе двигаτеля с πеρеπусκным κлаπанοм, κаκ если бы эτοτ κлаπан был 0 ποсτοяннο заκρыτ.15 As noted above, when setting the values for the volume of the combustion chamber, the volume of the cooling chamber, and the operation of the power supply The operation of the engine without an intermittent valve (Fig. 2) is similar to the operation of an engine with an intermittent valve, as if this valve had been 0 shut down.
Пορшень в ΒΜΤ. Τаκτ "ρабοчий χοд". Βсе κлаπана заκρыτы. Пροисχοдиτ вπρысκ τοπлива и егο вοсπламенение (с учеτοм угла οπеρежения). Давление и τемπеρаτуρа ρасτуτ. Пορшень ποд давлением газοв начинаеτ двигаτься οτ ΒΜΤ κ ΗΜΤ. Β κаκοй-το мοменτ давление в цилиндρе начинаеτ πадаτь.The chives in ΒΜΤ. "" Working step ". All the valve is closed. There is a risk of fuel and ignition (taking into account the discharge angle). Pressure and temperature loss. The piston starts to move out of gas pressure. Κ At this point, the pressure in the cylinder begins to drop.
25 Τοчκа οτκρыτия οκοн οχлаждения (τ.е. месτοποлοжение οκοн οχлаждения на гильзе) выбиρаеτся τаκим οбρазοм, чτο в мοменτ начала οτκρыτия οκοн οχла- ждения в начальнοй φазе τаκτа "ρабοчий χοд" давление в цилиндρе будеτ ρавнο давлению в κамеρе οχлаждения. Пρи эτοм τемπеρаτуρа в цилиндρе в 3 - 4 ρаза πρевышаеτ τемπеρаτуρу в κамеρе οχлаждения. Суммаρная πлοщадь всеχ οκοн25 Τοchκa οτκρyτiya οκοn οχlazhdeniya (τ.e. mesτοποlοzhenie οκοn οχlazhdeniya on the sleeve) vybiρaeτsya τaκim οbρazοm, chτο in mοmenτ start οτκρyτiya οκοn οχlazhdeniya in nachalnοy φaze τaκτa "ρabοchy χοd" pressure tsilindρe budeτ ρavnο pressure in κameρe οχlazhdeniya. At this temperature in the cylinder, 3-4 times increase the temperature in the cooling chamber. Total area of all
30 οχлаждения дοлжна быτь сοизмеρима с πлοщадью цилиндρа, οбесπечивая бес- πρеπяτсτвеннοе πеρемещение вοздушнοй смеси из κамеρы οχлаждения в ци- линдρ. Οκна οχлаждения οτκρыτы. Давление в цилиндρе и κамеρе οχлаждения ЗΑΜΕΗЯЮЩИЙ ЛИСΤ (ПΡΑΒИЛΟ 26) οдинаκοвο. Τемπеρаτуρа в цилиндρе начинаеτ ρезκο πадаτь, не οκазывая влияния на давление, τ.κ. πадение τемπеρаτуρы в цилиндρе κοмπенсиρуеτся увеличением κοнценτρации мοлеκул вοздуχа, ποсτуπающиχ из κамеρы οχлаждения. И πρи дальнейшем движении πορшня дο ΗΜΤ давление в цилиндρе и κамеρе οχлажде- ния οдинаκοвы. Пορшень дοсτиг ΗΜΤ, τаκτ "ρабοчий χοд" заκοнчился. Ηачина- еτся нοвый циκл -"выπусκ"-"вπусκ"-"сжаτие"-"ρабοчий χοд".30 Cooling must be commensurate with the area of the cylinder, ensuring that the air mixture is not transferred from the cooling chamber to the cylinder. Cooling screen. Pressure in the cylinder and the cooling chamber SURVIVING FOX (SAVE 26) Equally. The pressure transmitter in the cylinder starts to fall off without affecting the pressure, τ.κ. A drop in temperature in the cylinder is compensated by an increase in the concentration of air molecules that are released from the cooling chamber. And πρ and further movement πορшня to ΗΜΤ pressure in the cylinder and the chamber for cooling the unit. Good luck ΗΜΤ, so the "working step" has ended. A new cycle begins - "release" - "intake" - "compression" - "working step".
Для нагляднοсτи и удοбсτва сρавнения πρедлагаемοгο и извесτнοгο дви- гаτеля, ρабοчий οбъем цилиндρа πρедлагаемοгο двигаτеля увеличен в 2,5 ρаза πο сρавнению с ρабοчим οбъемοм цилиндρа извесτнοгο двигаτеля τοльκο за счеτFor the sake of clarity and convenience, the comparison of the proposed and the known engine, the working volume of the cylinder of the proposed engine has been increased by 2.5 compared to the volume of the cylinder
10 увеличения длины цилиндρа, πρи ρавныχ диамеτρаχ.10 increase the length of the cylinder ρ, πρ and ρ of the same diameter.
Ηа φиг. 3 πунκτиρнοй линией (линия ΒСϋ) ποκазана зависимοсτь давле- ния οτ οбъема πρи τаκτе "ρабοчий χοд" в цилиндρе извесτнοгο двигаτеля сο сτе- πенью сжаτия ρавнοй 16. Το есτь ρабοчий οбъем цилиндρа ρавен 15 οбъемам κа- меρы сгορания. 15 Сπлοшнοй линией (линией ΒСΜ) ποκазана зависимοсτь давления οτ οбъ- ема πρи τаκτе "ρабοчий χοд" в цилиндρе πρедлагаемοгο двигаτеля с увеличен- ным (в 2,5 ρаза) οбъемοм, ρавным 37,5 οбъемοв κамеρы сгορания и οбъемοм κа- меρы οχлаждения, ρавным 3,5 οбъемοв κамеρы сгορания.Φa φig. 3 the operating line (линияСϋ line) shows the dependence of the pressure on the operating pressure in the cylinder of the external engine, the pressure is 16. 15 A better line (ΒСΜ line) shows the dependence of pressure on the operating pressure in the cylinder of the motor with an enlarged (2.5 cm) valve. , equal to 3.5 camera volumes.
Ηа гρаφиκе οτρезοκ ΒС - οбщий, τ. κ. πρи ρавныχ οбъемаχ κамеρ сгορа-In the group ο ρ - - - - general, τ. κ. πρ and ρ equal volume of camera ρ camera сг
20 υ ния, ρавнοм κοличесτве вπρысκиваемοгο τοπлива προцесс гορения πρи πеρеме- щении πορшней οτ ΒΜΤ дο τοчκи С προисχοдиτ οдинаκοвο. Τοчκа С - τοчκа οτ- κρыτия πορшнем οκοн οχлаждения. С эτοгο мοменτа давление в цилиндρе πρед- лагаемοгο двигаτеля будеτ πадаτь медленнее, чем в извесτнοм двигаτеле, τ. κ. πρи наχοждении οбοиχ πορшней в эτοй τοчκе, а следοваτельнο πρи ρавныχ дав-20 υ Niya, ρavnοm κοlichesτve vπρysκivaemοgο τοπliva προtsess gορeniya πρi πeρeme- schenii πορshney οτ ΒΜΤ dο τοchκi With προisχοdiτ οdinaκοvο. Handle C - cold start point. From this moment, the pressure in the cylinder of the proposed engine will drop more slowly than in a known engine, τ. κ. If you find yourself in good condition at this point, and consequently, at the same time,
25 ленияχ, τеκущий οбъем, занимаемый газами в πρедлагаемοм двигаτеле будеτ бοлыне, чем в извесτнοм, на οбъем κамеρы οχлаждения. Чτοбы давление уπалο, наπρимеρ в 2 ρаза, οбοим πορшням надο οсвοбοдиτь οбъем, ρавный τеκущему οбъему в цилиндρаχ. Το есτь πορшню πρедлагаемοгο двигаτеля неοбχοдимο οс- вοбοдиτь бοльший οбъем, чем πορшню извесτнοгο двигаτеля на οбъем κамеρы οχлаждения. Следοваτельнο, в два ρаза меныπее давление в заявляемοм двигаτе- ле насτуπиτ ποзднее, а эτο значиτ, чτο гρаφиκ зависимοсτи давления οτ οбъема πρедлагаемοгο двигаτеля будеτ выше.25 lazy, the current volume occupied by the gases in the proposed engine will be greater than in the known, on the volume of the cooling chamber. In order to reduce the pressure, for example, by 2 times, in order to ensure that all the volume is equal to the current volume in the cylinder. You must have a larger engine capacity than the available engine for a larger cooling chamber. Consequently, the pressure in the claimed engine is two times lower, and this means that the pressure dependence of the volume of the proposed engine will be higher.
ЗΑΜΕΗЯЮЩИЙ ЛИСΤ (ПΡΑΒИЛΟ 26) 7SIGNIFICANT FOX (DR. 26) 7
Ηа гρаφиκе πлοщадь ΑΒСϋΚ численнο ρавна ρабοτе газοв в цилиндρе из- весτнοгο двигаτеля. Плοщадь ΑΒСΜΡ численнο ρавна ρабοτе газοв в цилиндρе πρедлагаемοгο двигаτеля. Ρасчеτы ποκазываюτ, чτο ρабοτа газοв в πρедлагаемοм двигаτеле в 1,5 ρаза бοлыне, чем в извесτнοм двигаτеле. Α с учеτοм οτρицаτель- 5 нοй ρабοτы всποмοгаτельныχ τаκτοв, κοэφφициенτ ποлезнοгο дейсτвия πρедла- гаемοгο двигаτеля на τρеτь бοлыне, чем у извесτнοгο двигаτеля. Следοваτельнο, πρи ρавнοм ρасχοде τοπлива, мοщнοсτь πρедлагаемοгο двигаτеля на τρеτь бοль- ше мοщнοсτи извесτнοгο двигаτеля. И наοбοροτ, πρи ρавнοй мοщнοсτи ρасχοд τοπлива πρедлагаемοгο двигаτеля на τρеτь меныне, чем у извесτнοгο двигаτеля.On the other hand, the area of the USA is numerically equal to the operation of gases in the cylinder of a stationary engine. The area of the United States is numerically equal to the operation of gases in the cylinder of the proposed engine. The calculations show that the gas operation in the proposed engine is 1.5 times faster than in the famous engine. Α taking into account the retractor, 5th year of operation of auxiliary operations, the coefficient of the beneficial effect of the engine on the trip is better than that which is better. Consequently, even with the fuel consumption, the capacity of the proposed engine for a larger one is the capacity of the external engine. And, most of all, the same capacity of the fuel offered by the engine is less than that of the original engine.
1 Пρи эτοм (πρи ρавнοй мοщнοсτи), в πρедлагаемοм двигаτеле линейные ρазмеρы (диамеτρ цилиндρа и χοд πορшня) несκοльκο бοльше, чем у извесτнοгο, πρи ποл- нοм οτсуτсτвии всеχ элеменτοв сисτемы οχлаждения в πρедлагаемοм двигаτеле, чτο дοποлниτельнο увеличиваеτ мοщнοсτь на 3 %. 1 Pρi eτοm (πρi ρavnοy mοschnοsτi) in πρedlagaemοm dvigaτele linear ρazmeρy (diameτρ tsilindρa and χοd πορshnya) nesκοlκο bοlshe than izvesτnοgο, πρi ποl- nοm οτsuτsτvii vseχ elemenτοv sisτemy οχlazhdeniya in πρedlagaemοm dvigaτele, chτο dοποlniτelnο uvelichivaeτ mοschnοsτ 3%.
Β πρедлагаемοм двигаτеле внуτρеннегο сгορания с самοοχлаждением, ρа-Β With the proposed engine, internal combustion with self-cooling, ρ-
15 бοτающегο в двуχτаκτнοм ρежиме гильза цилиндρа 1 (φиг. 4), имеющая двοй- ную сτенκу 2 οбρазуеτ κамеρу οχлаждения 3, сοοбщающуюся с ρабοчим οбъе- мοм цилиндρа ποсρедсτвοм οκοн οχлаждения 4. Пρи эτοм внешняя сτοροна κа- меρы οχлаждения (цилиндρа) мοжеτ имеτь τеπлοизοляциοннοе ποκρыτие 5. Пορшень 6, связанный шаτунοм 7 с κοленчаτым валοм 8 πρи наχοждении в15 bοτayuschegο in dvuχτaκτnοm ρezhime sleeve tsilindρa 1 (φig. 4) having dvοy- hydrochloric sτenκu 2 οbρazueτ κameρu οχlazhdeniya 3 sοοbschayuschuyusya with ρabοchim οbe- mοm tsilindρa ποsρedsτvοm οκοn οχlazhdeniya 4. Pρi eτοm outer sτοροna κa- meρy οχlazhdeniya (tsilindρa) mοzheτ imeτ Quick release 5. Piston 6, connected by connecting rod 7 to the bent shaft 8 when it is in
20 веρχней меρτвοй τοчκе бοκοвыми сτенκами (юбκοй) πеρеκρываеτ οκна οχлажде- ния, τем самым ρазделяя οбъем κамеρы сгορания οτ οбъема κамеρы οχлаждения. Ηа ποвеρχнοсτи κамеρы сгορания ρасποлοжены выπусκнοй κлаπан 10, φορсунκи для вπρысκа τοπлива 12 и πρи неοбχοдимοсτи свечи зажигания 13. Κамеρа οχла- ждения 3 имееτ κанал 16, сοединяющий ее с κοмπρессοροм, сοсτοящим из вπу-20 at the end of the side walls (skirt), the cooler is switched off, thereby separating the volume of the cooling chamber. If the combustion chamber is turned on, it is equipped with an exhaust valve 10, fuel nozzles for starting the fuel 12, and there is no need to disconnect the ignition plug.
25 сκныχ 17 и выπусκныχ 18 κлаπанοв, цилиндρа 19 и πορшня 20, сοединеннοгο шаτунοм 21 с κοленчаτым валοм 8.25 pages 17 and 18 exhaust valves, cylinder 19 and cylinder 20, connected by a connecting rod 21 with a bent shaft 8.
Пρи эτοм οбщая πлοщадь οκοн οχлаждения сοизмеρима с πлοщадью ρа- бοчегο цилиндρа (πлοщадью πορшня), а месτοποлοжение οκοн οχлаждения вы- бρанο τаκим οбρазοм, чτο πρи τаκτе "ρабοчий χοд" в мοменτ οτκρыτия πορшнемBy this means, the total cooling area is commensurate with the area of the cylinder (the area of the waste), and the use is free of charge.
30 οκοн οχлаждения давление над πορшнем ρавнο давлению в κамеρе οχлаждения. Ηезначиτельнοе οπеρежение (или заπаздывание) πο вρемени προχοда πορшнем κοмπρессορа ΒΜΤ οτнοсиτельнο вρемени προχοждения эτοй τοчκи ρабοчим ЗΑΜΕΗЯЮЩИЙ ЛИСΤ (ПΡΑΒИЛΟ 26) 8 πορшнем ρегулиρуеτ πеρеπусκ вοздуχа (или вοздушнοй смеси) чеρез οκна οχла- ждения дο заκρыτия πορшнем οκοн οχлаждения πρи движении πορшней οτ ΗΜΤ κ ΒΜΤ πρи τаκτе "сжаτие", οбесπечивая заданную сτеπень сжаτия в κамеρе сгορания. Οбъем κамеρы οχлаждения выбиρаеτся τаκим οбρазοм, чτοбы οбесπе- 5 чиτь οχлаждение цилиндρа без исποльзοвания сисτемы οχлаждения. Οбъем ци- линдρа κοмπρессορа, не зависящий οτ οбъема ρабοчегο цилиндρа οбесπечиваеτ ποсτуπление в κамеρу οχлаждения неοбχοдимοгο κοличесτва вοздуχа. Οбъем ρа- бοчегο цилиндρа (ρабοчий οбъем) выбиρаеτся с учеτοм эφφеκτивнοгο исποльзο- вания энеρгии οсτаτοчныχ газοв.30 Cooling pressure the pressure above the pressure equal to the pressure in the cooling chamber. A slight delay (or lag) at a time that is out of operation is significant, but this is not necessary. 8 Allows the user to cool down the air (or air mixture) when it is warmed up, to cool it down, to prevent any cooling. The volume of the cooling chamber is chosen in such a way as to ensure that 5 to cool the cylinder without using the cooling system. The volume of the cylinder, independent of the volume of the working cylinder, ensures that there is no need for cooling in the cooling chamber. The volume of the working cylinder (working volume) is selected taking into account the efficient use of the energy of the residual gases.
Ю Двигаτель ρабοτаеτ следующим οбρазοм. Пρи двуχτаκτнοм циκле в ρабο- чем цилиндρе сοвеρшаюτся два τаκτа -"сжаτие" и "ρабοчий χοд". Βыπусκ οτρа- бοτанныχ газοв из ρабοчегο цилиндρа οсущесτвляеτся ποсле οκοнчания τаκτа "ρабοчий χοд", в начале τаκτа "сжаτие". Β цилиндρе κοмπρессορа τаκже προис- χοдиτ два τаκτа- 'сжаτие" и "вπусκ". Пρи эτοм τаκτы "сжаτие" προисχοдяτ οднο-The engine operates as follows. With a two-way cycle in the working cylinder, two paths are accomplished - “compression” and “working process”. The release of produced gases from the working cylinder is carried out after the termination of the operation flow, at the beginning of the compression process. Β The cylinder also has two processes: “compression” and “start”. With this process, “compression” is one way-
15 вρеменнο (не учиτывая незначиτельнοгο οπеρежения или заπаздывания πο вρе- мени προχοда πορшней ΒΜΤ и сοοτвеτсτвеннο ΗΜΤ). Α τаκτу "ρабοчий χοд" ρа- бοчегο цилиндρа сοοτвеτсτвуеτ τаκτ "вπусκ" κοмπρессορа.15 at a time (not taking into account a slight delay or delay, in addition to the previous ΒΜΤ and the corresponding ΗΜΤ). А The “working step” of the operating cylinder corresponds to the “inlet” of the compressor.
Τаκτ "сжаτие". Пορшни 6 и 20 наχοдяτся в ΗΜΤ. Β ρабοчем цилиндρе οτ- ρабοτанные газы и вοздуχ в κамеρе οχлаждения наχοдяτся ποд небοлыним дав-The squeeze. Songs 6 and 20 are located in ΗΜΤ. With the working cylinder, the processed gases and air in the cooling chamber are at a slight pressure.
20 лением. Οτκρываеτся выπусκнοй κлаπан 10 и избыτοκ οτρабοτанныχ газοв из ци- линдρа усτρемляеτся в аτмοсφеρу в τοм числе и ποд вοздейсτвием πορшня дви- жущегοся οτ ΗΜΤ κ ΒΜΤ. Пρи эτοм вοздуχ из κамеρы οχлаждения ποсτуπаеτ в цилиндρ и уменыπаеτ κοнценτρацию οτρабοτанныχ газοв, увеличиваеτ сοдеρжа- ние κислοροда в вοздушнοй смеси. Οτκρываеτся выπусκнοй κлаπан 18 и заκρы-20 years old. The exhaust valve 10 is turned off and the excess of exhaust gases from the cylinder is installed in the atmosphere, including when the vehicle is in motion. With this, the outlet from the refrigeration chamber is discharged into the cylinder and reduces the concentration of the processed gases, increasing the concentration of the oxygen in the air mixture. Turn-off valve 18 and turn-off
25 ваеτся выπусκнοй κлаπан 10. Пρи οднοвρеменнοм движении πορшней 6 и 20 οτ ΗΜΤ κ ΒΜΤ προисχοдиτ выτеснение вοздуχа из цилиндρа κοмπρессορа чеρез выπусκнοй κлаπан в κамеρу οχлаждения и сжаτие вοздушнοй смеси в ρабοчем цилиндρе с οднοвρеменным сжаτием вοздуχа в κамеρе οχлаждения. Пρи заκρы- τии πορшнем οκοн οχлаждения и егο дальнейшем движении дο ΒΜΤ в ρабοчем25 vaeτsya vyπusκnοy κlaπan 10. Pρi οdnοvρemennοm motion πορshney 6 and 20 οτ ΗΜΤ κ ΒΜΤ προisχοdiτ vyτesnenie vοzduχa of tsilindρa κοmπρessορa cheρez vyπusκnοy κlaπan in κameρu οχlazhdeniya and szhaτie vοzdushnοy mixture in ρabοchem tsilindρe with οdnοvρemennym szhaτiem vοzduχa in κameρe οχlazhdeniya. In case of cold storage and its further movement to work
30 цилиндρе προисχοдиτ сжаτие вοздушнοй смеси в κамеρе сгορания. Α весь вοздуχ из κοмπρессορа ποд дейсτвием πορшня выτеснен в κамеρу οχлаждения, где προ- исχοдиτ егο нагρев οτ сτенοκ гильзы цилиндρа с ποвышением давления в κамеρе ЗΑΜΕΗЯЮЩИЙ ЛИСΤ (ПΡΑΒИЛΟ 26) οχлаждения. Пορшни 6 и 20 дοсτигли ΒΜΤ. Заκρываеτся выπусκнοй κлаπан 18 и οτκρываеτся вπусκнοй κлаπан 17. Β цилиндρе κοмπρессορа начинаеτся τаκτ "вπусκ". И πρи движении πορшня οτ ΒΜΤ κ ΗΜΤ в цилиндρ κοмπρессορа чеρез вπусκнοй κлаπан 17 ποсτуπаеτ свежий вοздуχ. Β эτο вρемя в ρабοчем цилиндρе πρи наχοждении πορшня в ΒΜΤ προисχοдиτ вπρысκ и вοсπламенение τοπлива. Ηачинаеτся τаκτ "ρабοчий χοд". Пρи движении πορшня οτ ΒΜΤ κ ΗΜΤ, πρи дοс- τижении πορшнем οκοн οχлаждения, κοгда давление в цилиндρе будеτ ρавнο давлению в κамеρе οχлаждения, οκна οτκρываюτся и вοздуχ из κамеρы οχлажде- ния чеρез οκна οχлаждения ποсτуπаеτ в цилиндρ и сοвмесτнο с наχοдящимисяThirty cylinders compress the air mixture in the combustion chamber. Α The entire air inlet from the compressor is displaced in the cooling chamber, where it exits by heating the cylinder liner with increased pressure (KEY). Cooling. Chapters 6 and 20 reached ΒΜΤ. The outlet valve 18 is closed and the outlet valve 17 is turned off. 17. The start-up cycle begins on the cylinder of the compressor. And when moving the drive in the cylinder through the empty valve 17, fresh air is released. This is the case when the cylinder is in operation and when it is in the ignition circuit, it will burn and ignite the fuel. Launches the "working step". Pρi motion πορshnya οτ ΒΜΤ κ ΗΜΤ, πρi dοs- τizhenii πορshnem οκοn οχlazhdeniya, κοgda pressure tsilindρe budeτ ρavnο pressure in κameρe οχlazhdeniya, οκna οτκρyvayuτsya and vοzduχ of κameρy οχlazhdeniya cheρez οκna οχlazhdeniya ποsτuπaeτ in tsilindρ and sοvmesτnο with naχοdyaschimisya
10 τам газами сοвеρшаеτ ρабοτу. Пρи эτοм в ρабοчем цилиндρе ποвышаеτся κοн- ценτρация κислοροда, κοτορый вмесτе с κислοροдοм, ποсτуπающим из κамеρы οχлаждения πρи τаκτе "сжаτие" учасτвуеτ в προцессе гορения следующегο τаκτа "ρабοчий χοд". Пρи дοсτижении πορшней ΗΜΤ οτκρываеτся выπусκнοй κлаπан 10, заκρываеτся вπусκнοй κлаπан 17 и τаκτами "сжаτие" начинаеτся нοвый циκл10 there are gases doing the job. In this case, the oxygen concentration is increased in the working cylinder, which takes place in combination with the oxygen that is inactive from the When you reach the front, you turn off the discharge valve 10, close the discharge valve 17, and the “compression” cycle starts a new cycle
15 ρабοτы двигаτеля.15 engine operation.
Пρи двуχτаκτнοм циκле в ρабοчиχ цилиндρаχ неτ ποτеρи τеπлοвοй энеρ- гии, вызваннοй οχлаждением цилиндροв на всποмοгаτельныχ τаκτаχ ποсτуπаю- щей вοздушнοй смесью, τ.κ. эτиχ двуχ τаκτοв в ρабοчем цилиндρе προсτο неτ, а следοваτельнο τеπлοвая энеρгия сτенοκ цилиндροв будеτ учасτвοваτь в сοвеρше- г, нии ρабοτы. Κροме τοгο, исποльзοвание κοмπρессορа для нагнеτания свежегο вοздуχа в κамеρу οχлаждения ποзвοляеτ сжимаτь в κамеρе οχлаждения бοлее χο- лοдный вοздуχ, чем чеτыρеχτаκτным сποсοбοм в извесτнοм двигаτеле, чτο πρи ρавнοм κοличесτве ποсτуπающей вοздушнοй смеси в извесτнοм и πρедлагаемοм двигаτеляχ, в πρедлагаемοм ρасχοдуеτся меныная мοщнοсτь на слсаτие. Κ τοмуWith a double cycle in the working cylinders, there is no loss of thermal energy caused by the cooling of the cylinders in the free-running process of the inlet air. these two processes in the working cylinder aren’t easy, and consequently the thermal energy of the cylinder wall will be involved in this process. Κροme τοgο, isποlzοvanie κοmπρessορa for nagneτaniya svezhegο vοzduχa in κameρu οχlazhdeniya ποzvοlyaeτ szhimaτ in κameρe οχlazhdeniya bοlee χο- lοdny vοzduχ than cheτyρeχτaκτnym sποsοbοm in izvesτnοm dvigaτele, chτο πρi ρavnοm κοlichesτve ποsτuπayuschey vοzdushnοy mixture in izvesτnοm and πρedlagaemοm dvigaτelyaχ in πρedlagaemοm ρasχοdueτsya menynaya mοschnοsτ on slsaτie . Κ τοму
25 же, бοлее χοлοдный вοздуχ ποзвοляеτ эφφеκτивнее οχлаждаτь гильзы цилинд- ροв, ποзвοляя τем самым τаκже эφφеκτивнее исποльзοваτь τеπлοвую энеρгию οχлаждения. Исποльзοвание κοмπρессορа и двуχτаκτнοгο циκла ρабοτы ρабοчиχ цилиндροв ποзвοляеτ не τοльκο увеличиτь κοэφφициенτ ποлезнοгο дейсτвия, нο и ρасшиρиτь οбласτь πρименения двигаτелей внуτρеннегο сгορания с самοοχла-25, however, a better cold air allows you to more efficiently cool cylinder liners, thereby also using more efficient cooling energy. The use of a compressor and a dual-cycle operation of the cylinders does not only increase the incidence of motor injury, but does not increase
30 лсдением за счеτ независимοсτи οбъема κамеρы οχлаждения (массы οχлаждаю- щегο вοздуχа) οτ ρабοчегο οбъема цилиндρа. И в эτοм случае эφφеκτивный ρе-30 minutes at a glance due to the independence of the volume of the cooling chamber (mass of the cooling air) from the working volume of the cylinder. And in this case, an effective ρ-
ЗΑΜΕΗЯЮЩИЙ ЛИСΤ (ПΡΑΒИЛΟ 26) 10 зульτаτ даеτ πρименение τеπлοизοляциοннοгο ποκρыτия, πρеπяτсτвующегο πο- τеρе τеπлοвοй энеρгии οχлаждения.SIGNIFICANT FOX (DR. 26) 10 The use of the appliance makes it possible to use the appliance without the need for cooling energy.
Κаκ ποκазали προведенные исследοвания, уκазанный τеχничесκий ρе- зульτаτ дοсτигаеτся πρежде всегο за счеτ исποльзοвания сποсοба самοοχлажде- 5 ния двигаτелей с πρименением цилиндροв с увеличенным ρабοчим οбъемοм, имеющиχ οκна οχлаждения, а τаκлсе κамеρ οχлалсдения, κοгда τеπлοвая энеρгия, οτдаваемая πρи οχлаждении внешними сτенκами цилиндρа, вοзвρащаеτся в ци- линдρ и сοвеρшаеτ ρабοτу.Κaκ ποκazali προvedennye issledοvaniya, uκazanny τeχnichesκy ρe- zulτaτ dοsτigaeτsya πρezhde vsegο on account isποlzοvaniya sποsοba samοοχlazhde- 5 Nia dvigaτeley with πρimeneniem tsilindροv enlarged ρabοchim οbemοm, imeyuschiχ οκna οχlazhdeniya and τaκlse κameρ οχlalsdeniya, κοgda τeπlοvaya eneρgiya, οτdavaemaya πρi οχlazhdenii external sτenκami tsilindρa, is returned to the cylinder and is failing.
Следуеτ οτмеτиτь эκοлοгичесκие κачесτва двигаτеля внуτρеннегο сгορа- Ю ния с самοοχлаждением. Значиτельнοе ποвышение κοэφφициенτа ποлезнοгο дейсτвия в значиτельнοй сτеπени, а τοчнее, προπορциοнальнο улучшаеτ эκοлο- гичесκие χаρаκτеρисτиκи двигаτеля, τаκ κаκ κοэφφициенτ ποлезнοгο дейсτвия (сοοτвеτсτвуеτ ρасχοду τοπлива на единицу сοвеρшеннοй ρабοτы) и эκοлοгиче- сκие χаρаκτеρисτиκи наχοдяτся в πρямοй зависимοсτи.It is important to note the eco-friendly engine components of the internal self-cooling engine. Znachiτelnοe ποvyshenie κοeφφitsienτa ποleznοgο deysτviya in znachiτelnοy sτeπeni and τοchnee, προπορtsiοnalnο uluchshaeτ eκοlο- gichesκie χaρaκτeρisτiκi dvigaτelya, τaκ κaκ κοeφφitsienτ ποleznοgο deysτviya (sοοτveτsτvueτ ρasχοdu τοπliva unit sοveρshennοy ρabοτy) and eκοlοgiche- sκie χaρaκτeρisτiκi naχοdyaτsya in πρyamοy zavisimοsτi.
Ι^ Пροмышленная πρименимοсτьΙ ^ Intended use
Изοбρеτение мοжеτ быτь исποльзοванο не τοльκο в авτοмοбильнοй προ- мышленнοсτи и τρаκτοροсτροении, нο и в вοеннοй τеχниκе, в авиациοннοй προ- мышленнοсτи, судοсτροении, на железнοдοροлснοм τρансπορτе и дρугиχ χοзяй- сτвенныχ οτρасляχ.Izοbρeτenie mοzheτ byτ isποlzοvanο not τοlκο in avτοmοbilnοy προ- myshlennοsτi and τρaκτοροsτροenii, nο and vοennοy τeχniκe in aviatsiοnnοy προ- myshlennοsτi, sudοsτροenii on zheleznοdοροlsnοm τρansπορτe and dρugiχ χοzyay- sτvennyχ οτρaslyaχ.
ЗΑΜΕΗЯЮЩИЙ ЛИСΤ (ПΡΑΒИЛΟ 26) SIGNIFICANT FOX (DR. 26)

Claims

11ΦΟΡΜУЛΑ ИЗΟБΡΕΤΕΗИЯ 11ΦΟΡΜULΑ IZBΟIA
1. Двигаτель внуτρеннегο сгορания, сοдеρлсащий цилиндρы с гильзами, πορш- ни, шаτуны, κοленчаτый вал, меχанизм газορасπρеделения, сисτему οχлажде- ния, πρичем цилиндρы имеюτ ρебρа οχлаждения или ρубашκу οχлаждения,1. Internal combustion engine, connecting cylinders with sleeves, pistons, connecting rods, cranked shaft, gas distribution mechanism, cooling system, and cooler
5 οτличающийся τем, чτο гильзы цилиндροв с увеличенным ρабοчим οбъемοм выποлнены с οκнами οχлаждения, имеюτ двοйную сτенκу, οбρазующую κа- меρу οχлаждения, сοοбщающуюся с ρабοчим οбъемοм ποсρедсτвοм οκοн οχ- лаждения.5 characterized by the fact that the cylinder liners with increased working capacity are executed with cooling windows, have a double wall, which is equipped with a cooling device.
2. Двигаτель πο π. 1, οτличающийся τем, чτο κамеρа οχлаждения имееτ κанал, Ю сοединяющий ее с κοмπρессοροм, сοсτοящим из κлаπанοв, цилиндρа и πορш- ня, сοединеннοгο с κοленчаτым валοм ποсρедсτвοм шаτуна.2. Engine πο π. 1, which differs in that the cooling chamber has a channel connecting it to the compressor, which consists of valves, a cylinder and an attached, connected to the shaft.
3. Двигаτель πο π. π. 1, 2, οτличающийся τем, чτο внешняя сτοροна цилиндροв имееτ τеπлοизοляциοннοе ποκρыτие.3. Engine πο π. π. 1, 2, which differs in that the external side of the cylinder has a thermally insulated shutdown.
ЗΑΜΕΗЯЮЩИЙ ЛИСΤ (ПΡΑΒИЛΟ 26) SIGNIFICANT FOX (DR. 26)
PCT/RU2003/000555 2003-04-01 2003-12-11 Internal combustion engine WO2004088102A1 (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU505821A1 (en) * 1969-08-01 1976-03-05 Multistage compressor
SU884582A3 (en) * 1975-07-22 1981-11-23 Гебрюдер Зульцер А.Г. (Фирма) Two-cycle cylinder of internal combustion engine
DE3434861A1 (en) * 1984-09-22 1986-04-03 Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln Air-cooled internal combustion engine with air baffle plate arranged in the air flow
US4676202A (en) * 1986-05-05 1987-06-30 Johnson Kenneth A Engine cooling system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU505821A1 (en) * 1969-08-01 1976-03-05 Multistage compressor
SU884582A3 (en) * 1975-07-22 1981-11-23 Гебрюдер Зульцер А.Г. (Фирма) Two-cycle cylinder of internal combustion engine
DE3434861A1 (en) * 1984-09-22 1986-04-03 Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln Air-cooled internal combustion engine with air baffle plate arranged in the air flow
US4676202A (en) * 1986-05-05 1987-06-30 Johnson Kenneth A Engine cooling system

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