WO2004083423A1 - Thermisch stabile amidasen - Google Patents
Thermisch stabile amidasen Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004083423A1 WO2004083423A1 PCT/EP2004/001430 EP2004001430W WO2004083423A1 WO 2004083423 A1 WO2004083423 A1 WO 2004083423A1 EP 2004001430 W EP2004001430 W EP 2004001430W WO 2004083423 A1 WO2004083423 A1 WO 2004083423A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- amidases
- amidase
- seq
- sequence
- amides
- Prior art date
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/40—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a carboxyl group including Peroxycarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/14—Hydrolases (3)
- C12N9/78—Hydrolases (3) acting on carbon to nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds (3.5)
- C12N9/80—Hydrolases (3) acting on carbon to nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds (3.5) acting on amide bonds in linear amides (3.5.1)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/14—Hydrolases (3)
- C12N9/78—Hydrolases (3) acting on carbon to nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds (3.5)
- C12N9/86—Hydrolases (3) acting on carbon to nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds (3.5) acting on amide bonds in cyclic amides, e.g. penicillinase (3.5.2)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P41/00—Processes using enzymes or microorganisms to separate optical isomers from a racemic mixture
- C12P41/006—Processes using enzymes or microorganisms to separate optical isomers from a racemic mixture by reactions involving C-N bonds, e.g. nitriles, amides, hydantoins, carbamates, lactames, transamination reactions, or keto group formation from racemic mixtures
Definitions
- the invention relates to new amidases that can be isolated from thermophilic bacteria, in particular from thermophilic actinomycetes, such as.
- thermophilic actinomycetes such as.
- B. Pseudonocardia thermophila where the amidases obtained not only have high temperature stability, but are also distinguished by the enantioselective implementation of a broad spectrum of substrates.
- Enzymatic methods are increasingly used in organic synthesis, especially when performing enantioselective syntheses, such as. B. in the production of optically pure pharmaceutical active ingredients, amino acids, acrylic acids or hydroxamic acids. Amidases are also involved in the breakdown of xenobiotic compounds.
- Amidases catalyze the conversion of amides to their corresponding carboxylic acids and amines or to ammonia.
- a number of bacterial amidases have been identified, including some amidases from mesophilic actinomycetes (Bhalla, TC, et al .; Science letters 11-12; 139-141, 1997; Hirrlinger, B .; et al. J. Bacteriol. 178, 3501-3507, 1996; Kobayashi, M., et al .; Eur. J.
- thermostable amidase from thermophilic actinomycetes has been described.
- thermoactive amidases have so far only been found in Klebsieila pneumoniae NCTR 1 (Nawaz, MS; J. Bacteriol. 178, 2397-2401, 1996) and in Sulfolobus solfataricus (d'Abusco, AS; Extremophiles, 5, 183-192, 2001) , Precisely the provision of further amidases, in particular of
- thermostable amidases would be of great technical interest, since such enzymes open up a broad spectrum of technically feasible enzymatic reactions.
- the object of the present invention was therefore to provide new, thermally stable amidases.
- amidases which have an N-terminal sequence (SEQ ID No. 1)
- the new amidases are e.g. B. from thermophilic bacteria, in particular from thermophilic actinomycetes, such as. B. from Pseudonocardia thermophila.
- thermophilic bacteria in particular from thermophilic actinomycetes, such as. B. from Pseudonocardia thermophila.
- an amidase with a molecular weight between 47 and 53 kDa constitutively expressed in Pseudonocardia thermophila can be isolated, which preferably occurs as a dimer with a molecular weight between 100 and 140 kDa.
- the identification of further mutant or allelic variants of the amidases can e.g. B. using nucleic acid probes that form a DNA sequence coding for the amino acid sequence SEQ ID No. 1 or SEQ ID No. 2, are complementary.
- Conditions e.g. B. at 60 ° C, 0.1xSSC, 0.1% SDS.
- the native amidases found can indeed be identified by the N-terminal sequence SEQ ID No. 1 and SEQ ID No. 2 or a homologous variant thereof, but at least the N-terminal sequence is not absolutely necessary for the amidase activity. Therefore, the present invention also encompasses those amidases described above, the N-terminal end of which is artificial is deleted.
- the partial sequence SEQ ID No. 2 can be artificially deleted.
- the present invention comprises amidases with an amino acid sequence according to SEQ ID No. 3 or an amino acid sequence with a homology of at least 50%, preferably with a homology of over 70%, in particular of over 80%.
- the present invention further provides nucleic acids encoding an amidase according to the invention with a sequence according to SEQ ID No. 4, or with a nucleotide sequence with a homology of more than 60%, preferably more than 75%, particularly preferably more than 90%.
- SEQ ID No. 4 encodes an amidase with an amino acid sequence SEQ ID No. Third
- the amidases described can from a cell-free crude extract of thermophilic bacteria, the z. B. by ultrasound digestion of Pseudonocardia thermophila cells in a phosphate buffer can be cleaned as follows: a) centrifugation of the crude extract at 10,000 to 20,000 rpm and subsequent addition of a 1 M salt solution, preferably a KCI solution, b) chromatographic separation of the supernatant a hydrophobic column with a reverse gradient of a salt solution, preferably a KCI solution, from 1 M to 0 M, c) ultrafiltration of the fraction obtained from b), which shows amidase activity, on a 10 kDa cut off membrane, d) ion exchange chromatography c) obtained protein fraction with a gradient of 0 M to 0.5 M of a salt solution, preferably a NaCl
- Solution e chromatography of the fraction obtained from d), which shows amidase activity, with a 0.1% saline solution, preferably a 150 mM NaCl solution, and desalt the purified amidase fraction.
- Alkali halide salt solutions such as. B. NaCI or KCI solutions are used to carry out the individual chromatographic purification steps.
- the chromatographic separations are preferably carried out between pH 6.5 and 8.0, the pH, e.g. B. can be adjusted by using a standard phosphate buffer (pH 7.2).
- Ion exchange chromatography is preferably carried out at a pH between 7.5 and 8.5.
- the amidase activity of the fractions obtained can be determined with the aid of a hydrolysis test, it being possible to use benzamide as the substrate.
- the enzymatically generated products, benzoic acid and ammonia can be determined using HPLC (benzoic acid) or the phenyl hydrochloride method (detection of ammonium ions).
- amidases according to the invention obtained in this way are notable for high temperature stability.
- the specific activity of the enzyme suffers significantly at shorter reaction times of more than one hour only at temperatures around 80 ° C.
- the amidases described have one
- Optimal temperature between 50 and 75 ° C.
- the amidases described also have an appreciable activity between 30 and 85 ° C, but the enzymes can preferably be used at reaction temperatures between 60 and 70 ° C.
- the specific activity of the amidases according to the invention is retained over a wide pH range.
- the amidases have a significant enzymatic activity between pH 3.5 and pH 11.5, the specific activity hardly falling from the optimum between pH 6.0 and 7.5 over the range of pH 4.5 and 10.0.
- amidases described here are insensitive to a large number of reagents and ions. So the amidases are e.g. B. insensitive to chelating agents such. B. EDTA or against detergents such as SDS or Triton. The dependence on ionic co-factors also does not appear to exist. By adding DTT, the enzymatic activity of the amidases can even be increased.
- amidases according to the invention obtained and characterized differ significantly in their properties from the previously known microbial amidases, as can be seen from the exemplary compilation in Table 4. It is particularly noteworthy that the isolated enzyme from Pseudonocardia thermophila is the first known naturally occurring homotrimeric amidase.
- AI aliphatic amides
- Ar aromatic amides
- Cy cyclic amides
- As amino acid amides
- nd not determined a) Trott et al .; Mi robiology 147, 1815-1824, 2001; b) Cheong, et al., Enzyme Microb. Technol. 26, 152-158, 2000; c) Mayaux et al., J. Bacteriol. 172, 6764-6773, 1990; d) Yamamoto et al., Appl. & Environments. Microbiol. 1, 152-155, 1996; e) Joeres et al., Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
- the enzymes can be used to hydrolyze both aliphatic, aromatic, cyclic, heterocyclic and amino acid amides.
- aliphatic amides with one to ten carbon atoms aromatic amides with 5 to 12 carbon atoms
- heterocyclic amines with 4 to 10 carbon atoms and with one to four heteroatoms, e.g. B. selected from the group N, S, O, P or L-amino acid amides can be implemented.
- amidases described are characterized not only by the wide range of substrates, but also by a high enantioselectivity.
- S enantiomers such as. B. of (hetero-) cyclic acids and especially aromatic, aliphatic or aromatic-aliphatic acids is preferred.
- Lane 1 shows the results of an SDS-PAGE electrophoresis with different enzyme samples which were taken during the purification (lanes 2 to 5). Lanes 6 and 7 show a zymogram of the crude extract and the purified sample. Lane 1 is a molecular weight standard. 2 shows the result of the molecular weight determination of the native amidase by means of gel filtration. FIG. 3 shows the specific activity of a purified amidase according to the invention as a function of the reaction temperature, and FIG. 4 as a function of the pH. 5 shows the stability of the purified amidase at different temperatures. 6 shows the acetyltransferase activity based on exemplary substrates. FIG. 7 shows the enantioselective enzymatic reaction with 2-phenylpropionamide as the substrate.
- Example 1 Cultivation of Pseudonocardia thermophila (DSMZ 43832)
- the Pseudonocardia thermophila strain used was obtained from the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (DSMZ, Braunschweig, Germany). Unless otherwise stated, the cells were as in Yamaki, T .; et al .; J. Ferment. Bioeng., 83, 474-477, 1997.
- the medium (pH 7.2) contains per liter: 5g yeast extract, 4g soluble starch, 0.3g KH 2 PO 4 , 0.6g Na 2 HPO 4 , 0.1g MgSO 4 .7H 2 O, 5g NaCI.
- the cells were harvested after 3 days of cultivation in a shake flask at 50 ° C, 150 rpm. The yield was 10 g cells (wet weight) per liter of medium.
- amidase was purified at room temperature. 7 g of cell material (wet weight) were added twice with 60 mM K-Na phosphate buffer
- the protein fraction obtained was then concentrated 12-fold and ultrafiltered through a 10 kDa cut-off membrane (Amicon).
- the sample was then further purified via ion exchange chromatography.
- a UNO-Q12 column BioRad
- the purified protein being purified using a linear NaCI gradient (0 to 0.5 M NaCI in standard buffer pH 8.0).
- the enzymatically active fractions were combined, concentrated twice and mixed using a preparative HiLoad 26/60 Superdex 200 column (Pharmacia, Sweden)
- the protein fraction with amidase activity was collected and on a Sephadex PD-10 column (Pharmacia, Sweden) desalinated. Protein concentration was measured using bovine serum albumin as standard, as in Bradford, MM; Anal. Biochem. 71, 248-254, 1976.
- the cleaning success was checked with a sodium dodecyl slphate-polyacrylamide (SDS-PAGE) gel electrophoresis.
- SDS-PAGE sodium dodecyl slphate-polyacrylamide
- the SDS gel was washed in 2.5% Triton X-100 for 60 minutes and then for 30 minutes at 60 ° C. in K-Na phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) containing 70 mM propionamide and 0.7 M hydroxylamine hydrochloride with the pH adjusted to 7.0 with 10 M NaOH. The gel was then washed in water for 2-3 seconds and covered with an acidic iron chloride solution (0.1 M FeCl 3 in 0.5 M HCl).
- the iron applied reacts with the enzymatic hydroxamic acid to form a red-brown band.
- the intensity of the color corresponds to the enzymatic activity of the amidase.
- the activity test just described is also referred to in the description below as a zymogram.
- Fig. 1 shows the results of SDS-PAGE electrophoresis with different samples (each 5 ug protein), from those obtained during the purification
- Lane 1 shows the standard proteins
- Lane 2 the crude extract
- lane 3 a sample after purification on the phenyl-Sepharose column
- lane 4 a sample after ion exchange chromatography on a UNO Q12 column
- lane 5 a sample after cleaning on a Superdex 200 column.
- Lanes 6 and 7 show the zymogram of the crude extract and the purified sample.
- the enzymatically active amidase was obtained with a yield of 26.2%.
- the specific activity was 19.5 U / mg protein based on benzamide as substrate.
- the amidase activity was confirmed by HPLC analysis of the products of the enzymatically reacted benzamide.
- the molecular weight of the amidase was determined by gel filtration on a Superdex 200 column (Amersham) using a 60 mM K-Na phosphate buffer (pH 7.2) containing 150 mM NaCl. The column was washed with blue dextran (2000 kDa), sweet potato ß-amylase (200 kDa), yeast alcohol dehydrogenase (150 kDa), bovine serum albumin (66 kaDa), carbonic anhydrase (29 kDa) and cytochrome c (12.4 kDa) (Sigma Aldrich, Germany) calibrated. The molecular weight of the native protein was determined to be about 110 kDa (see FIG. 2, lane 2). A zymogram (lane 3) was drawn up to check the enzymatic activity of the purified protein. Lane 1 contains the molecular weight standard.
- the molecular weight of the enzyme was determined by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis to 50 kDa (see FIG. 1).
- the enzymatic activity was checked using the zymogram (lane 6, crude extract and lane 7, purified enzyme).
- the purified amidase is preferably present as a dimer from two identical approximately 50 kDa subunits.
- the purified amidase was subjected to an endoproteinase Asp-N cleavage.
- a peptide with the mass 1482u can then be isolated from the approx. 110 kDa protein, which was sequenced by means of Edman degradation. SEQ ID No.2 was obtained.
- the isoelectric point was determined by isoelectric focusing using a Novex polyacrylamide gel (pH3-10) and using a Novex electrophoresis chamber based on the manufacturer's instructions (Novex, Invitrogen, the Netherlands). The isoelectric point of the purified amidase was thus determined to be pH 4.2.
- the purified amidase was transferred from the SDS-PAGE gel by electroblotting to a PVDF blotting membrane.
- the amino acid sequence of the N-terminal was determined by means of Edman degradation.
- the SEQ ID No. was obtained. 1.
- a 5 mM benzamide solution in 500 ⁇ l of a 60 mM K-Na phosphate buffer, pH 7.2 was used to carry out the hydrolysis assay.
- the enzymatic reaction was carried out for one hour at 70 ° C. with the addition of 5 ⁇ g of the enzyme.
- the reaction was stopped by cooling the reaction mixture on ice.
- the concentration of the enzymatically obtained products was determined by means of HPLC and spectrometrically using the ammonia kit Spectroquant 114752 (Merck, Germany).
- One unit (U) of amidase activity is defined as the amount of enzyme that catalyzes the formation of 1 ⁇ mol benzoic acid per minute.
- the hydroxamic acid formation is stopped by incubating the amidase at 70 ° C. for 10 minutes in a mixture of 20 mM K-Na phosphate buffer, pH 7.2, 100 ⁇ l of a 50-100 mM amide and 0.7 M hydroxylamine solution ( to pH 7.0 with the addition of 10 M NaOH). The hydroxylamine solution became fresh prepared. After incubation at 50 ° C.-70 ° C. for 10 minutes, the reaction containers were placed on ice and 1 ml of an acidic iron chloride solution (0.1 M FeCl 3 in 50 ml of a 0.5 M HCl solution) was added. The amount of hydroxamate obtained was determined spectrometrically at a wavelength of 500 nm.
- the temperature dependence of the amidase activity was determined under standard conditions at pH 7.2. The reaction temperatures were varied between 30 ° C and 90 ° C.
- the pH optimum was determined based on the hydrolysis of benzamide (5 mM) at 70 ° C in a 50 mM buffer of sodium acetate (for pH 2-5) or sodium phosphate (for pH 5-13), using the pH from 10 M NaOH was successively adjusted to pH 13.
- Example 6.2 Influence of metals and inhibitors To investigate the influence of certain reagents and ions on the amidase activity, a solution containing 5 ⁇ g of the amidase and the reagent or ion were preincubated for 1 h at 22 ° C. in 50 mM phosphate buffer. A 5 mM solution of benzamide in 50 mM phosphate buffer was then added until the final concentration of the reagent in the reaction mixture was 1 mM. The reaction was carried out at 70 ° C for 1 h. The catalytic activity was determined as described above.
- Example 6.3 Investigation of the substrate specificity of the isolated amidase The substrate specificity of the amidase was tested at three different temperatures, taking into account the substrate used in each case.
- the reaction mixture was reacted for 3 hours at 30 ° C., in the case of aliphatic and cyclic amides for 1 hour at 50 ° C. and for aromatic amide substrates for 1 hour at 70 ° C.
- the enzymatic activity was then determined as described above. Each batch without enzyme was used as a control.
- a chiral Chirobiotic T column (Astec, Whippany, USA) was used for the HPLC measurements. Ethanol and 20 mM potassium phosphate buffer, pH 7.2 with a volume ratio of 20:80 were used as solvents. The elution was carried out at room temperature with a flow rate of 0.8 ml min "1. The detection was carried out at a wavelength of 210 nm. The ammonia concentration was determined using the phenol hypochlorite method using the ammonia kit Spectroquant 114752 (Merck, Germany) examined, the amount of ammonia released was determined spectrometrically using ammonium chloride as standard.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04711370A EP1608746B1 (de) | 2003-03-21 | 2004-02-16 | Thermisch stabile amidasen |
DE502004011922T DE502004011922D1 (de) | 2003-03-21 | 2004-02-16 | Thermisch stabile amidasen |
US10/549,782 US20070172933A1 (en) | 2003-03-21 | 2004-02-16 | Thermally stable amidases |
AT04711370T ATE489460T1 (de) | 2003-03-21 | 2004-02-16 | Thermisch stabile amidasen |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10312842.5 | 2003-03-21 | ||
DE10312842A DE10312842A1 (de) | 2003-03-21 | 2003-03-21 | Thermisch stabile Amidasen |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2004083423A1 true WO2004083423A1 (de) | 2004-09-30 |
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ID=32921102
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/EP2004/001430 WO2004083423A1 (de) | 2003-03-21 | 2004-02-16 | Thermisch stabile amidasen |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20070172933A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1608746B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE489460T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10312842A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2004083423A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2021148508A1 (de) | 2020-01-21 | 2021-07-29 | Anka Angewandte Kaffeetechnologie Gmbh | Enzyme zum abbau von acrylamid |
WO2023017147A1 (de) | 2021-08-12 | 2023-02-16 | Anka Angewandte Kaffeetechnologie Gmbh | Verfahren zum entfernen von acrylamid aus lebens- und genussmitteln |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010111622A2 (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2010-09-30 | Codexis, Inc. | Amidases and methods of their use |
KR20120058452A (ko) | 2009-04-30 | 2012-06-07 | 미쓰이 가가쿠 가부시키가이샤 | 3-메르캅토프로피온산 또는 그 염을 제조하는 방법 |
-
2003
- 2003-03-21 DE DE10312842A patent/DE10312842A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2004
- 2004-02-16 EP EP04711370A patent/EP1608746B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-02-16 US US10/549,782 patent/US20070172933A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-02-16 DE DE502004011922T patent/DE502004011922D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-02-16 AT AT04711370T patent/ATE489460T1/de active
- 2004-02-16 WO PCT/EP2004/001430 patent/WO2004083423A1/de active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (9)
Title |
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BAEK DAE HEOUN ET AL: "New thermostable D-methionine amidase from Brevibacillus borstelensis BCS-1 and its application for D-phenylalanine production.", ENZYME AND MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGY, vol. 32, no. 1, 2 January 2003 (2003-01-02), pages 131 - 139, XP002281303, ISSN: 0141-0229 * |
D'ABUSCO ANNA SCOTTO ET AL: "Molecular and biochemical characterization of the recombinant amidase from hyperthermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus", EXTREMOPHILES, vol. 5, no. 3, June 2001 (2001-06-01), pages 183 - 192, XP002281301, ISSN: 1431-0651 * |
DATABASE EMBL [online] EBI; 20 July 2001 (2001-07-20), "Bacillus stearothermophilus glutamyl-tRNAGln amidotransferase subunit C (gatC), glutamyl-tRNAGln amidotransferase subunit A (gatA), and glutamyl-tRNAGln amidotransferase subunit B (gatB) genes, complete cds.", XP002281305, Database accession no. AY040860 * |
DATABASE GENBANK PROTEIN [online] NIH; 6 June 2002 (2002-06-06), PARKHILL, J. ET AL.: "Putative DNA helicase [Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi]", XP002281306, Database accession no. CAD06784 * |
EGOROVA ET AL.: "Purification and properties of an enantioselective and thermoactive amidase from the thermophilic actinomycete Pseudonocardia thermophila", APPLIED MIRCORBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY [EPUB AHEAD OF PRINT], 21 April 2004 (2004-04-21), pages 1 - 15, XP002281304, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://springerlink.metapress.com/media/D86TGDPAFP7WWG98TY47/Contributions/J/A/F/Y/JAFY3JRJ0C6XF985_html/fulltext.html> [retrieved on 20040524] * |
KOBAYASHI M ET AL: "AMIDASE COUPLED WITH LOW-MOLECULAR-MASS NITRILE HYDRATASE FROM RHODOCOCCUS RHODOCHROUS J1. SEQUENCING AND EXPRESSION OF THE GENE AND PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE GENE PRODUCT", EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY, BERLIN, DE, vol. 217, 1993, pages 327 - 336, XP000652066, ISSN: 0014-2956 * |
NAWAZ M S ET AL: "Physical, biochemical, and immunological characterization of a thermostable amidase from Klebsiella pneumoniae NCTR 1.", JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY. UNITED STATES APR 1996, vol. 178, no. 8, April 1996 (1996-04-01), pages 2397 - 2401, XP002281302, ISSN: 0021-9193 * |
PARKHILL, J. ET AL.: "Complete genome sequence of a multiple drug resistant salmonella enterica serovar typhi CT18", NATURE, vol. 413, 25 October 2001 (2001-10-25), pages 848 - 852, XP002965014 * |
YAMAKI T ET AL: "CLONING AND SEQUENCING OF A NITRILE HYDRATASE GENE FROM PSEUDONOCARDIA THERMOPHILA JCM3095", JOURNAL OF FERMENTATION AND BIOENGINEERING, SOCIETY OF FERMENTATION TECHNOLOGY, JP, vol. 83, no. 5, 1997, pages 474 - 477, XP002050253, ISSN: 0922-338X * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2021148508A1 (de) | 2020-01-21 | 2021-07-29 | Anka Angewandte Kaffeetechnologie Gmbh | Enzyme zum abbau von acrylamid |
WO2021148509A1 (de) | 2020-01-21 | 2021-07-29 | Anka Angewandte Kaffeetechnologie Gmbh | Enzyme zum abbau von acrylamid |
WO2023017147A1 (de) | 2021-08-12 | 2023-02-16 | Anka Angewandte Kaffeetechnologie Gmbh | Verfahren zum entfernen von acrylamid aus lebens- und genussmitteln |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE502004011922D1 (de) | 2011-01-05 |
DE10312842A1 (de) | 2004-09-30 |
US20070172933A1 (en) | 2007-07-26 |
EP1608746A1 (de) | 2005-12-28 |
EP1608746B1 (de) | 2010-11-24 |
ATE489460T1 (de) | 2010-12-15 |
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