WO2004081204A1 - 細胞増殖、発生分化が改変された植物細胞及び植物体 - Google Patents
細胞増殖、発生分化が改変された植物細胞及び植物体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004081204A1 WO2004081204A1 PCT/JP2004/003228 JP2004003228W WO2004081204A1 WO 2004081204 A1 WO2004081204 A1 WO 2004081204A1 JP 2004003228 W JP2004003228 W JP 2004003228W WO 2004081204 A1 WO2004081204 A1 WO 2004081204A1
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- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
- C12N15/79—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts
- C12N15/82—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for plant cells, e.g. plant artificial chromosomes (PACs)
- C12N15/8241—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology
- C12N15/8261—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology with agronomic (input) traits, e.g. crop yield
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- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
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- C12N15/79—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts
- C12N15/82—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for plant cells, e.g. plant artificial chromosomes (PACs)
- C12N15/8241—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology
- C12N15/8261—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology with agronomic (input) traits, e.g. crop yield
- C12N15/8271—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology with agronomic (input) traits, e.g. crop yield for stress resistance, e.g. heavy metal resistance
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- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
- C12N15/79—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts
- C12N15/82—Vectors or expression systems specially adapted for eukaryotic hosts for plant cells, e.g. plant artificial chromosomes (PACs)
- C12N15/8241—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology
- C12N15/8261—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology with agronomic (input) traits, e.g. crop yield
- C12N15/8287—Phenotypically and genetically modified plants via recombinant DNA technology with agronomic (input) traits, e.g. crop yield for fertility modification, e.g. apomixis
- C12N15/8289—Male sterility
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/146—Genetically Modified [GMO] plants, e.g. transgenic plants
Definitions
- Plant cells and plants with altered cell growth and development Plant cells and plants with altered cell growth and development
- the present invention relates to a method for controlling cell growth and Z or development / differentiation in a plant, and a molecule used for the method. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a plant produced by controlling a gene involved in cell proliferation and / or development and differentiation, and a technique for using the plant. Background art
- Plants have unique embryological characteristics that differ from other eukaryotes. Because plant cells do not migrate, cell division, elongation, and programmed cell death are thought to determine morphogenesis. Cells proliferate in meristems at the poles of the shoot apex and root tip, and while the proliferating cells differentiate, the individual develops and differentiates by stacking. The size of the plant depends on the number and cells Is defined by the size of By changing the cell cycle in response to changes in environmental conditions, the cell growth is modified, and the size of the individual plant is adapted to the environment. It is also important to control the cell cycle in the differentiation of individual plants.
- cells are arrested at a specific stage of the cell cycle (G2 phase), and the differentiation of lateral roots is determined by whether or not these cells start dividing.
- G2 phase a stage of the cell cycle
- the number of cells is defined in the hypocotyl of a plant, the cell cycle changes in a dark place, and the size of the cells changes due to endonuclear doubling (endoduplication).
- G1 phase G1 phase
- S phase MA synthesis phase
- G2 phase G2 phase
- M phase mitosis
- cyclin represented by cyclin B binds to CM (Cycl in dependent kinase) to form an activation complex, and promotes chromosome aggregation and nuclear membrane collapse.
- CM Cycl in dependent kinase
- the M phase ends through a process called cytokinesis, which bisects the cytoplasm after chromosome distribution.
- a phragmoplast In plant cells, its specific structure, a phragmoplast, is known. Are formed and cytokinesis proceeds. The formation of this phragmoplast is controlled by kinesin-like proteins NACK1 and NACK2.
- Cyclin 8, NACK1 and NACK2 which show important functions in the process from plant cell entry to the M phase to termination, show G2 / M phase-specific gene expression patterns. It has been reported that time-specific expression of these genes is performed by a specific regulatory sequence called M-specific activator (MSA) present in one region of the promoter (Non-patent Document 1).
- M-specific activator M-specific activator
- CMB CMB
- CM plant-specific CM
- genes with high similarity to cyclin-specific E2 enzymes among E2 enzymes involved in the degradation of protein there are many genes with unknown functions. Is known to exhibit an M-phase specific expression pattern.
- the MSA sequence is often present in the promoter, and the G2 / M phase-specific gene expression control mechanism by the MSA sequence is universally conserved in plants. Is believed to be.
- NtmyMl, NtmybA2, and NtmybB have been identified from tobacco as factors that bind to the MSA sequence (Ntmyb is used hereinafter as a generic term for these).
- Ntmyb is used hereinafter as a generic term for these.
- One of the major features of the amino acid sequence of the Ntmyb protein is the myb DM-binding domain composed of incomplete three repeats present in animal c-myb and the like (the protein having this domain is hereinafter abbreviated as 3Rmyb). High Showing similarities. In plants, there are many genes that have a myb-like MA binding region, but most consist of two repeats or a myb region without repeats.
- Ntmyb has a myb MA binding region with high homology to c-myb.
- c-myb binds the EVES motif present in the protein to the myb MA-binding region, and is in a transcriptionally inactive state. It is thought that P100, which is a coactivator, is able to bind to the myb MA binding region, and transcriptional activity is activated (Non-patent Document 6).
- Ntmyb has no similarity to c-myb except for the myb MA binding region, and its regulatory sequences such as the EVES motif are not conserved.Therefore, the regulatory mechanism of C-myb protein transcriptional activation and Ntmyb The regulation mechanism is thought to be different. To date, the existence of a region that regulates the transcriptional activation ability of Ntmyb has not been reported.
- colchicine treatment has been widely used as a polyploid production technique. It has been selected by applying colchicine treatment to plant seeds, seedlings, or tissue culture cells of organs, and then regenerating the plants. The cells that have completed MA replication and have been multiplied are inhibited from forming spindle fibers by colchicine, and can skip the mitotic phase and obtain multiplied cells.
- Non-Patent Document 1 Ito et al., Plant Cell, 10: 331 (1998)
- Non-Patent Document 2 Stracke et al., Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 4: 447. (2001)
- Non-Patent Document 3 Ito et al., Plant Cell, 13: 1891 (2001)
- Non-Patent Document 4 Doerner et al., Ature, 380: 520 (1996)
- Non-Patent Document 5 Nishihama et al., Cell, 109: 87 (2002)
- Non-Patent Document 6 Dash et al., Genes Dev., 10: 1858 (1996)
- an object of the present invention is to provide a novel technique for modifying the growth of plant cells. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a technique for modifying the development and differentiation of plant individuals by modifying the growth of plant cells, and a plant gene used for the technique.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for drastically modifying the function of the 3Rmyb gene of a plant, and a novel 3Emyb protein molecule having a modified function.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies to elucidate that the plant 3 Eniyb gene is an essential factor for the growth of plant cells, and have developed a technique for modifying the growth of plant cells targeting the gene and development and differentiation of plant individuals. Modification technology has been completed. They also found that these technologies could be applied to a wide range of plants.
- a plant cell or a plant in which the activity of the plant 3 Rmyb protein was modified was produced, and it was clarified that the cell growth, Z, or development / differentiation in the plant cell or the plant was modified. .
- Plant 3 Rmyb (represented by NtmybA2) having a specific amino acid sequence is a positive regulator of cell cycle and cell division, while plant 3 Rmyb (NtmybB has a different amino acid sequence). (Representative) is a negative regulator of cell cycle and cell division for the first time using plant cells or plants in which the activity of the above-mentioned plant 3 Emyb protein has been modified.
- the present inventors have created a new mutant of the plant 3 Rmyb protein, which is a transcription factor, and found that its function has been modified. Using these mutants, they found that the activity of plant 3 Rmyb protein in plant cells and plants was altered. That is, they found a region in the amino acid sequence of the plant 3 Rmyb protein that regulates the activity of transcribing the downstream gene, and succeeded in producing a molecule having a modified transcriptional activation ability.
- the present inventors isolated MA, which encodes a novel plant 3Rmyb gene, 0s3Rray bAl protein, from rice, a monocotyledonous plant. It has been found that it shows an equivalent function.
- the present invention has been completed based on the above findings.
- the present invention relates to the control of cell proliferation in plants targeting the plant 3 Bmyb gene and / or the control of development and differentiation of plant individuals, the 0s3I? MybAl gene involved in plant cell division, and the like. Similar genes and proteins encoded by these genes.
- the present invention provides the following.
- DNA which, when expressed in a plant cell, codes for suppressing the expression of DM encoding a 3Rmyb protein in a plant by a co-suppression effect, and has a homology of 900 or more with said DM DNA having
- Plant 3 Rmyb protein a transcription factor that activates G 2 / M phase-specific transcription via the MSA sequence, is SILX 1 KRXEXLXsX4PX2XX 6 XiRXX 5 KK (SEQ ID NO: 94, where X is any
- An amino acid, a ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ or R, chi 2 is L, I or V, X 3 is L or
- V, X 4 is S or T, and X 5 is]) or E).
- the plant 3 Kmyb protein has the amino acid sequence of any one of SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 51, SEQ ID NO: 53, SEQ ID NO: 75 or SEQ ID NO: 76. (1) to (4) The plant cell according to one of the above.
- Plants 3 Rmyb evening protein is a transcription factor that suppresses G 2 / M phase-specific transcription mediated by the MSA sequence, SCSSXSX 6 (SEQ ID NO: 95, X is any amino acid, X 6 is The plant cell according to (1) or (2), which is a protein comprising an amino acid sequence represented by (K, R, D, E or H).
- Plant 3 with increased transcriptional activation compared to the corresponding wild-type protein 3 Ikyb protein MA that codes for Parkin.
- the plant 3 with increased transcriptional activation ability The Emyb protein is a protein characterized in that the function of the regulatory region that regulates transcriptional activation ability is lost. .
- the DM according to any one of (15) to (19), which encodes a plant 3 Rmyb protein in which the loss of function is caused by amino acid substitution, deletion, and / or insertion.
- DM which encodes a KNA that suppresses the expression of DM according to any of (a) to (e) by a co-suppression effect when expressed in plant cells, and (a) Any of ⁇ (e) DNA having a homology of 90% or more with DM according to
- MA which encodes MA that suppresses the expression of MA according to any one of (a) to (e) by an RM interference effect when expressed in plant cells, and (a) MA which is the same as DM according to any one of (a) to (e) for 20 bases or more continuously.
- the plant 3 Emyb protein is a protein characterized in that the c-myb-like myb region contains an amino acid sequence containing a DNA binding region that is incompletely repeated three times, and is preferably a human ciyb protein.
- myb DNA binding domain amino acid sequence from amino acid 43 to amino acid 192 in SEQ ID NO: 88
- amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 92 which is conserved in the ciy b-like myb MA binding region, is W [S, T] XXE [D, E] XX [L, I, V] (this In the sequence, X represents any amino acid, and [J indicates that any one amino acid is selected], but it repeats 3 times with any 42 amino acids in between. It is protein containing amino acid sequence.
- SEQ ID NO: 93 SEQ FfTXEEDXXLXXXVXXUXGX 7 represented by the following 15 0 Amino acids that are described in XffKXIAXXXXXK0X 5 JQCLHEWQ 'LXPXLJKG XWOXEEDXXJXXJXX 7 XGXXK SXJOXXXGEIGKQCRERIUNHLXPXIXX 7 XXWTXXEX 5 XXLXXXHXXXGN X 7 EJXX 7 XLXGX 7 0DN0nNXKS0XKKX 7 ( in this sequence X is any amino acid, J is I, V
- L is any one amino acid
- 0 is G, S, T, C.
- A is any one amino acid
- X is any one amino acid
- the sequence represented by the 150 amino acids is nXEEDXXLXX [A, V] VXX [F, Y] XG [, R] [N, S, R], R, N] IAXXXXXE [S, T] [ D, E] [V, L] QCLHRlfQKVL [N, D, H] P [D, E, N] L [V, I] KG [P, S, A] ff [S, T] XEED [D, E , N] X [I, L] X [E, D, Q] [L, M] [V, I] X [, R] [Y, N, L] G [P, A, C] XKffS X [ I, V] [A, S] XX [L, M] [P, A] GRIGKQCRERff [H, Y] NHL [D, N] PXI [K, N, R] [K, E] [D, E] [S
- An even more desirable plant 3 Rmyb protein is any of SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 51, SEQ ID NO: 53, SEQ ID NO: 55, SEQ ID NO: 75, SEQ ID NO: 76, SEQ ID NO: 77 or SEQ ID NO: 78 And the protein represented by the amino acid sequence described above. Still more desirable plant 3 Rmyb protein includes a protein represented by the amino acid sequence of any one of SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 51, SEQ ID NO: 53, SEQ ID NO: 55. Therefore, the present invention also provides the following.
- (c) DM that encodes an MA having ribozyme activity that specifically cleaves the transcript of ⁇ described in any of SEQ ID NO: 31, SEQ ID NO: 50, SEQ ID NO: 52, SEQ ID NO: 54 ,
- DNA which suppresses the expression of DM according to any of SEQ ID NO: 31, SEQ ID NO: 50, SEQ ID NO: 52, or SEQ ID NO: 54 by co-suppression effect when expressed in plant cells MA having a homology of 90% or more with DM according to any one of SEQ ID NO: 31, SEQ ID NO: 50, SEQ ID NO: 52, and SEQ ID NO: 54.
- (e) D which suppresses the expression of the DNA of any one of SEQ ID NO: 31, SEQ ID NO: 50, SEQ ID NO: 52, and SEQ ID NO: 54 when expressed in plant cells by an interference effect Code A, and SEQ ID NO: 31, SEQ ID NO: 50, SEQ ID NO: 52, SEQ ID NO: 54 DM, which is the same as MA for 20 bases or more consecutively,
- a transformed plant comprising the transformed plant cell according to (2) to (4).
- (e) MA which encodes a protein having an amino acid sequence having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 32 and an amino acid sequence having an Aligned Score of 60 or more, and each of which encodes the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 32 DNA that encodes a protein having a function equivalent to that of a sequence protein.
- a DM encoding an antisense RM complementary to the DNA transcript according to any one of (a) to (e) in (1).
- MA which encodes ⁇ which suppresses the expression of the DNA according to any one of (a) to (e) in (14) by a co-suppression effect when expressed in plant cells, and , (14 A) MA having 90% or more homology with the DM according to any one of (a) to (e).
- a DM which is continuously identical to the DM according to any of (: a) to (e) in 20) or more.
- a transgenic plant cell which carries the DM according to any one of (1) to (19) or the recombinant DM or the vector according to (21).
- a transformed plant comprising the transformed plant cell according to (25) to (27).
- the C-terminal region of NtinyM2 protein is a region that negatively regulates the transcription activation ability, and that a region that activates transcription exists in the middle of the NtmybA2 protein.
- the present inventors have modified the function of the MmybA2 protein to increase the transcriptional activation ability of the MmybA2 mutant, the NtmyM2 mutant having the decreased transcriptional activation ability, that is, the NtmyM2 mutant that functions as a dominant negative Was successfully created.
- the present invention also provides the following.
- a DM encoding the amino acid sequence of positions 1 to 412 of the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 53, as a molecule in which the function of the NtmybA2 protein represented by SEQ ID NO: 53 is modified.
- (67) MA which encodes the 1- to 640-th amino acid sequence of the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 51 as a molecule having a modified function of the MmybAl protein represented by SEQ ID NO: 51.
- SEQ ID NO: shown features NtmybM protein that as the modified molecules with 51, SEQ ID NO: ⁇ 0 you encoding 1-298 amino acid sequence of the amino acid sequence represented by 51
- SEQ ID NO: MA encoding the amino acid sequence of a molecule that has lost the function of the regulatory region that regulates the transcriptional activation ability of 0s3EmybAl protein represented by 32.
- MA which, when expressed in plant cells, encodes a plant 3Emyb protein by the effect of ⁇ 1000]) DNA that encodes MA that suppresses NA expression and that encodes a plant 3Rmyb protein DM which is the same for consecutive bases or more.
- (101) A trait that carries the DNA described in any one of (a) to (: 0) of (100) or the recombinant DM or vector described in (g) of (100) Converted plant cells.
- a transformed plant comprising the transformed plant cell according to (101) to (103).
- (111) A nucleic acid produced from the plant cell according to (10 :! to (103) or the plant according to any of (104) to (108). Further, the present invention includes the ability to include a plant 3 Emyb protein having an increased transcriptional activation ability ⁇ Specifically, the following protein is included. MAs encoding these proteins are also included in the present invention.
- the 3Rmyb protein of the plant is any of the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 51, SEQ ID NO: 53, SEQ ID NO: 75, or SEQ ID NO: 76 (11 3) The protein according to any one of (1) to (; 122).
- the plant 3Kmyb protein has any one of the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 51, or SEQ ID NO: 53, according to any one of (1 13) to (1 2 2) Protein.
- the invention's effect is any one of the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NO: 32, SEQ ID NO: 51, or SEQ ID NO: 53, according to any one of (1 13) to (1 2 2) Protein.
- the present invention provides a plant cell having an altered cell growth. It is also possible to obtain plants with altered development and differentiation using these plant cells, and to obtain plants having favorable properties such as enlargement of specific organs, improvement of male sterility or stress tolerance. New methods are provided. Other objects, features, excellence and aspects of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following description. However, it is understood that the description of the present specification, including the following description and the description of the specific examples, shows preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is given only for explanation. I want to. Various changes and / or alterations (or modifications) within the spirit and scope of the invention disclosed herein will be made by the following description and knowledge of the remainder of this specification. It will be readily apparent to the trader. All patents and references cited in this specification are cited for explanatory purposes, and they are to be construed as being incorporated herein by reference. is there. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
- FIG. 1 shows a comparison between the amino acid sequence of the rice hypothetical protein registered with DDBJ as Acsession no. BAB78687 and the amino acid sequence of the 0s3RmybA protein arranged in an optimal manner. The sequence is continuous in FIGS.
- FIG. 2 shows a comparison between the amino acid sequence of the hypothetical protein of rice registered as BAB78687 and the amino acid sequence of the 0s 3KmybAl protein arranged in an optimal manner.
- the sequence is a continuation of Figure 1 and a continuation of Figure 3.
- FIG. 3 shows a comparison of the amino acid sequence of the rice hypothetical protein registered as BAB78687 and the amino acid sequence of the 0s 3RmybAl protein arranged in an optimal manner. The sequence is a continuation of Figures 1 and 2.
- FIG. 4 shows the ability to activate the transcription of the CYM promoter-LUC fusion gene using the CYM promoter-LUC plasmid of 0s3KmybAl and NtmybA2 as the reporter plasmid as the LUC specific activity increase rate. Values are the average of 5 replicates, error bars indicate standard deviation.
- Figure 5 shows NACK1 promoter-LUC plasmids of various C-terminal deletion mutants of NtmyM2 and Ni; mybA2.
- the transcription activation ability of the fusion gene of MCK1 promoter and LUC using Sumid as a reporter plasmid is shown as LUC specific activity increase rate. The values are the average of 5 replicates, and the error bars indicate the standard deviation.
- Fig. 6 shows the transcriptional activation ability of the CYM promoter-LUC fusion gene using NtmybA2 and NtmybA2T5 or CYM promoter-LUC plasmid by co-expression of NtmybB and NtmybA2T5 as a reporter plasmid. Shown as the rate of increase. Values are the average of 5 replicates, error bars indicate standard deviation.
- Figure 7 shows that the transformed calli transformed with PP2P211-35S: A2ENAi and reduced in the expression level of endogenous N1; mybA2 due to the effect of RNA interference and the calli transformed with PP2P211 and PPZP211. It is a photograph shown.
- the vector indicates pPZP211 and A2 RMi indicates callus transformed with pPZP211-35S: A2RNAi.
- Fig. 8 shows the measurement of nuclear DNA content in transformed BY2 calli and pPZP211-transformed calli transformed with PPZP211-35S: A2 RMi and reduced in expression of endogenous Ntiny bA2 due to the effect of interference. The results are shown.
- vector and vector control indicate pPZP211 and A2 RNAi indicate PPZP211-35S: transformation ability by ⁇ 2 ⁇ .
- FIG. 9 is a photograph showing the size of transformed BY2 calli and pPZP211 transformed calli transformed with PPZP211-35S: BBNAi and reduced in the amount of endogenous NtmybB due to the effect of Chihiro.
- Vector and vector control show the transformed callus with pPZP211 and BRMi show the transformed callus with pPZP211-35S: BMAi.
- Figure 10 shows the results of the transformation using PPZP211 and PPZP211-35S: BRN, and the reduction of the expression level of endogenous NtmybB due to the effect of interference. The result of measuring the content is shown.
- the vector and vector control show the transformed callus with pPZP211, and BRNAi show the transformed callus with pPZP211-35S: BRNAi.
- Figure 1 1 is, PPZP211- 35S: A2 or, pPZP211- 35S: A2T2 transformed with, a constitutively callus transformed with the transformed BY2 calli and P PZP211 which M MybA2 or NtmyM2T2 expresses magnitude Indicates
- the vector is pPZP211, 35S: A2 is pPZP211-35S: A2, and 35S: A2T2 is the callus transformed with pPZP21 1-35S: A2T2.
- Fig. 12 shows the transformation of calli transformed with PPZP211-35S: A2 or pPZP211-35S: A2T2 and transformed with the transformed BY2 callus expressing Nt mybA2 or NtmyM2T2 constitutively and pPZP211.
- the cell number is shown.
- the vector is pPZP211, 35S: A2 is pPZP211-35S: A2, and 35S: A2T2 is the callus transformed with PPZP211-35S: A2T2.
- Fig. 13 shows calli obtained by transforming pPZP2111 35S: A2 or pPZP211-35S: A2T2 and transforming the transformed BY2 callus and pPZP211 which constantly express ⁇ mybA2 or NtmyM2T2.
- Control shows the callus transformed with pPZP211
- 35S: A2 shows the transformed callus with pPZP211-35S: A2
- 35S: A2T2 shows the transformed callus with pPZP211-35S: A2T2.
- Fig. 14 shows the transgenic tobacco in which NtmybB transformed with PPZP211-35S: B is constantly expressed, and the endogenous NtmybB due to the effect of ⁇ transformed with pPZP21 35S: B.BNAi.
- 1 is a photograph showing the growth of a transformed tobacco in which the expression of S. pombe was suppressed or a transformed tobacco transformed with pPZP211.
- Vector indicates pPZP211
- 35S: B indicates pPZP211-35S: B
- BKMi indicates pPZP211-35S: B. Transformed tobacco using IJNAi.
- FIG. 15 shows the results of optimally aligning the amino acid sequences of the NtmybAl, MmybA2, and 0s3RmybAl proteins.
- Arrows in Figs. 15 to 17 indicate the regions in which various C-terminal region deletion mutants of MmybA2 were created and the corresponding amino acid regions of NtmybAl and 0s3EmyMl.
- “.” And “:” indicate the amino acid similarity by the CLUST J program. In the output result, the amino acid similarities are completely conserved, and “:” is the highly conserved amino acid. The ".” Indicates a moderately conserved amino acid site.
- the sequence continues from Figures 16 to 18.
- FIG. 16 shows the results of optimally arranging the amino acid sequences of the NtmybA NtmybA2 and 0s3RmybAl proteins. The sequence is a continuation of FIG. 15 and continues to FIGS. 17 and 18.
- Figure 1 ⁇ shows the optimal arrangement of the amino acid sequences of MmybM, NtmybA2, and 0s3RmybAl proteins. The results are shown below. The region enclosed by a square in the figure indicates the conserved sequence position between NtmybA1 and 0s3RmybAl found near the deletion region of NtmybA2. The amino acid sequence shown above the square indicates a conserved sequence, and X indicates any amino acid. The sequence is a continuation of FIGS. 15 and 16 and continues to FIG. .
- Figure 18 shows the results of optimal alignment of the amino acid sequences of NtmyMl, NtmybA2 and OsSEmybM proteins. The sequence is a continuation of FIGS. 15 to 17. ⁇
- Figure 19 shows the optimal arrangement of the amino acid sequences of tmybAK NtmybA2.0s3EmybM, AtMYB3Rl (described as MYB3E-1 ⁇ in Figures 19 to 25), and At MYB3R4 (described as AtMYB3R-4 in Figures 19 to 25).
- the results are shown below.
- “.” And “:” indicate the amino acid similarity according to the CLUSTA program.
- “*” Indicates the completely conserved amino acid size 1, and ":” indicates the highly conserved amino acid. Amino acid sites, "No 'indicates moderately conserved amino acid sites.
- the sequence is shown in Figures 20-25.
- FIG. 20 shows the results of optimally arranging the amino acid sequences of the NtmybA NtmybA2, 0s3RmybAK AtMYB3R-1 and AtMYB3R-4 proteins.
- the sequence is as shown in Fig. 19, and is continued from Fig. 21 to Fig. 25.
- Figure 2 1 shows the results obtained by arranging optimally the NtmybAl, NtmybA2 0s3RmybAK AtMYB3R-l N AtMYB3R- 4 protein ⁇ amino acid sequence. The sequence is a continuation of FIGS. 19 and 20 and continues to FIGS. 22 to 25.
- FIG. 22 shows the results of optimally aligning the amino acid sequences of the tmybAK NtmybA2, 0s3BmybAl, AtMYB3H, and AtMYB3E-4 proteins.
- the sequence is as shown in FIGS. 19 to 21 and continues from FIGS. 23 to 25.
- FIG. 23 shows the results of optimally arranging the amino acid sequences of NtmybAl, NtmybA2 N 0s3RmybAK A YB3R-1, and AtMYB3K-4 proteins.
- the bold line in the figure indicates a region where the amino acid sequence is particularly highly conserved except for the myb MA binding region.
- the conserved sequence found in the region indicated by the bold line is shown in bold type.
- One amino acid, X! Any one of the amino acid K, R's, Y of V, any one amino acid of L, and chi 5 shows that any one of ⁇ amino acids D, E.
- the sequence is a continuation of Fig. 19 force, et al. 22, and continues to Fig. 24 force, et al. 25.
- FIG. 24 shows the results of optimally arranging the amino acid sequences of the NtmybAK NtniybA2, 0s3RmybA AtMYB3R-1 and AtMYB3R-4 proteins.
- the sequence is a continuation of Figures 19 to 23 and is linked to Figure 256.
- FIG. 25 shows the results of optimally arranging the amino acid sequences of tmybAl ⁇ NtmybA2, 0s3RmybAK AtMYB3E-1 and ⁇ 3 ⁇ -4 proteins.
- the sequence is a continuation of FIGS. 19 to 24.
- Fig. 26 shows the results of optimal alignment of the amino acid sequences of tmybB, MYB3R3 (described as AtMYB3K-3 in Figs. 26 to 28) and A "tMYB3R5 (described as MMYB3E-5 in Figs. 26 to 28).
- “no” and “:” indicate amino acid similarity according to the CLUSTALW program.
- “*” indicates a completely conserved amino acid site, and “:” indicates a highly conserved amino acid.
- the amino acid site, "No” indicates the site of moderately conserved amino acids.
- the bold line in the figure indicates the region where the amino acid sequence is particularly high except for the myb MA 'binding region.
- the conserved sequence found in the region shown in bold is shown in bold, and in this sequence, X is any amino acid, X "or any one of K, E, D, E, and II. It is shown that.
- the sequence is continuous in FIGS. 27 and 28.
- FIG. 27 shows the results of optimally aligning the amino acid sequences of NtmybB and At YB3R-3,5 proteins. The sequence is a continuation of Figure 26 and continues to Figure 28.
- FIG. 28 shows the results of optimally aligning the amino acid sequences of NtmybB, AtMYB3E-3, and AtMYB3E-5 proteins.
- the sequence is a continuation of FIGS. 26 and 27.
- Fig. 29 shows MYB3K-1 isolated from Physcomitrella patens (described as PhpMYB3R-1 in Figs. 29 to 31) and MYB3R-1 isolated from Adiantum raddianum (AdrMYB3R-1 in Figs. 29 to 31).
- MYB3R-1 isolated from Hordeum vulgare (described as HvMYB3K-1 in FIGS. 29 to 31), MYB3R-1 isolated from Secale cereale (described as ScMYB3R-l in FIG. 2931), putative Myb-related domain isolated from Papaver rhoeas (described as ParMYB3R-1 in FIG.
- AtMYB3IU (described as AtMYB3E-1 in Figure 2931), A «YB3E3 (described as AtMYB3 ⁇ -3 in Figure 2931), AtMYB3M (described as A YB3R-4 in Figure 2931), MYB3R5 ( Figure 29 described as AtMYB3R- 5 is in 31), NtmybAl NtmybA2, NtmybB s 0s3BmybAl protein 3 consisting repeat myb-like MA binding region constituting the amino acid sequence optimally in side-by-side results 13 kinds of amino acid sequence shown an in The conserved amino acid sites are shown as conserved sequences in the figure.
- X is any amino acid in the conserved sequence
- J is any amino acid of IVL
- Fig. 31 shows three repeats of a DNA-like region consisting of a three amino acid-linked region consisting of a P-MYB3R-l, AdrMYB3R-1 I YB3R-1 ScMYB3R-1 ParMYB3 -K At YB3Rl AtMYB3R3. The results are shown in the optimal arrangement. The sequence is a continuation of FIGS. 29 and 30.
- FIG. 32 shows the growth status (plant height) of the cultivated NtmyM2 gene-introduced plant (MmyM2 high-expressing tobacco) compared with a plant in which the NtmyM2 gene was not introduced.
- FIG. 33 shows the growth status (number of true leaves) of a cultivated NtniybA2 gene-introduced plant (NtmybA2-overexpressing tobacco) compared with a plant without the introduced NtmybA2 gene.
- a predetermined nucleic acid can be isolated and sequenced, a recombinant can be prepared, and a predetermined peptide can be obtained by using “gene recombination technology”.
- gene recombination technology examples include those known in the art. For example, J. Sambrook, EF Fritsch & T. Maniatis, Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual (2nd edition) ", Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, New York (1989) DM G lover et al. Ed., "DM Cloning", 2nd ed., Vol.
- the present invention provides a plant cell in which the activity of the plant 3 Rmyb protein has been modified and a plant containing the plant cell, wherein the modification of the activity of the plant 3 Bmyb protein in the present invention comprises the expression of the plant 3 Rmyb gene. Or the function of plant 3 Bmyb protein.
- the above-mentioned modification of the expression of the plant 3 Bmyb gene includes constitutive expression, overexpression, ectopic expression, inducible expression, or suppressing the expression of the gene. Constitutive expression, overexpression, or suppression of the expression.
- the present invention also provides a molecule capable of suppressing the expression of a plant 3 Rmyb gene in a plant. “Suppression of plant 3 Rmyb gene expression” includes suppression of gene transcription and suppression of protein translation. It also includes a complete cessation of expression of the plant 3 Kmyb gene as well as a decrease in expression.
- the action of the antisense nucleic acid to suppress the expression of the target gene has several factors as follows. In other words, inhibition of transcription initiation by triplex formation, suppression of transcription by formation of a hybrid with a site where a local open loop structure was formed by RM polymerase, and formation of a hybrid with RNA that is undergoing synthesis Inhibition of transcription, suppression of splicing by hybrid formation at the junction of intron and exon, suppression of splicing by hybridization with spliceosome formation site, suppression of translocation from nucleus to cytoplasm by hybridization with mMA, Inhibition of splicing by forming a hybrid with a capping site or poly (A) addition site, suppression of translation initiation by forming a hybrid with a translation initiation factor binding site, hybridization with a ribosome binding site near the initiation codon Translation inhibition by the formation of the ⁇ translation region with the polysome binding site Ipuri head formed outgrowth inhibitory peptide chain by, and hybrid formation by gene silencing of
- the antisense sequence used in the present invention may suppress the expression of the target gene by any of the actions described above.
- designing an antisense sequence complementary to the untranslated region near the 5 'end of the gene's mMA will be effective in inhibiting gene translation.
- sequences complementary to the coding region or the 3 'untranslated region may also be used.
- the antisense sequence of the untranslated region as well as the translated region of the gene is included in the antisense]) NA used in the present invention.
- the antisense used is ligated downstream of an appropriate promoter, and preferably a sequence containing a transcription termination signal is ligated on the 3 'side.
- MA thus prepared can be transformed into a desired plant by a known method.
- the sequence of the antisense DNA is preferably a sequence complementary to the endogenous gene or a part thereof in the transformed plant, but is not completely complementary as long as gene expression can be effectively inhibited. You may.
- the transcribed A has preferably 90% or more, and most preferably 95% or more complementarity to the transcript of the target gene. Sequence complementarity can be determined by the search described above.
- the length of the antisense DNA should be at least 15 bases or more, preferably 100 bases or more, and more preferably 500 bases or more. More than a base. Usually the antisense used)) NA is shorter than 5 kb, preferably shorter than 2.5 kb. Suppression of endogenous gene expression can also be achieved using MA encoding ribozymes.
- Ribozyme is an A molecule having catalytic activity. Ribozymes have various activities. Among them, research on ribozymes as enzymes that cleave UNA has made it possible to design ribozymes for site-specific cleavage of RNA. There are ribozymes with a size of 400 bases or more, such as the group I intron type and M1EM included in RNaseP, but an active domain of about 40 bases called a hammerhead type or a hairpin type. Some have.
- the self-cleaving domain of the hammerhead ribozyme cleaves the 3 'side of C13 of G13U14C15, but it is important that U14 forms a base pair with A at position 9 for its activity.
- the base has been shown to be cleaved by A or ⁇ ⁇ in addition to C (M. Koizumi et al., (1988) FEBS Lett. 228: 225).
- the ribozyme substrate binding region to be complementary to the RNA sequence near the target site, it is possible to create a KNA-cut ribozyme that is a restriction enzyme that recognizes the sequence TO, UU, or M in the target RNA. It is possible (M.
- Hairpin ribozymes are also useful for the purpose of the present invention. Hairpin ribozymes are found, for example, in the minus strand of satellite A of tobacco ring spot virus (JM Buzayan, Nature, 323: 349, 1986). It has been shown that this ribozyme can also be designed to cause target-specific A cleavage (Y. Kikuchi and N.
- the ribozyme designed to cleave the target is linked to a promoter and transcription termination sequence, such as the 35S promoter of the force-reflecting mosaic virus, to be transcribed in plant cells.
- a promoter and transcription termination sequence such as the 35S promoter of the force-reflecting mosaic virus
- ribozyme activity may be lost.
- another trimming cis for trimming is performed on the 5 'or 3' side of the ribozyme portion.
- the transcript of the gene targeted in the present invention can be specifically cleaved to suppress the expression of the gene.
- Suppression of endogenous gene expression can also be achieved by co-suppression caused by transformation of DNA having a sequence identical or similar to the target gene sequence. This refers to a phenomenon in which, when a gene having the same or similar sequence as a gene is introduced by transformation, the expression of both the introduced foreign gene and the target endogenous gene is suppressed.
- the details of the mechanism of co-suppression are not clear, but are often observed in plants (Curr. Biol., 7: E793, 1997; Curr. Biol., 6: 810, 1996).
- the target plant in order to obtain a plant in which the NtmybA2 gene is co-suppressed, can be obtained by transforming the MmybA2 gene or a vector DM prepared to express a DM having a similar sequence to the target plant. What is necessary is just to select the plant whose growth has been suppressed from the plant which has grown.
- the gene used for co-suppression need not be exactly the same as the target gene, but it should have at least 70% or more, preferably 80% or more, and more preferably 90% or more (eg, 95% or more) sequence. Have identity. Sequence identity can be determined using the above search.
- RNA interference means that when a plant is introduced by transformation with a MA in which the same or similar sequence as the target endogenous gene is placed in an inverted repeat, double-stranded RNA derived from foreign DM is expressed and the target gene It refers to a phenomenon in which expression is suppressed.
- a complementary RNA is synthesized using the sequence in which mBNA of the target gene and a double-stranded BM derived from the introduced sequence form a complex and associate as a primer, and
- the complex is fragmented by endogenous RNase, and in the third step, the double-stranded RM fragmented to 20-30 base pairs functions as a signal for secondary ENA interference, and then becomes endogenous. It is thought to degrade the target gene mMA. (Curr. Biol., 7: R793, 1997; Curr. Biol., 6: 810, 1996).
- a vector prepared to express DM in which NAs are arranged in inverted repeats. May be transformed into a target plant, and a plant having enhanced growth may be selected from the obtained plant.
- the gene used for RM interference does not need to be completely the same as the target gene, but at least 10 bases or more are consecutively identical, and preferably 20 to 100 bases are consecutively identical. More preferably, 50 bases are continuously the same.
- the gene used for RM interference may be a gene having at least 70% or more, preferably 80% or more, more preferably 90% or more (eg, 95% or more) sequence identity with the target gene. . Even more preferably, a gene having at least 70% or more, preferably 80% or more, even more preferably 90% or more (eg, 95% or more) sequence identity with the target gene is arranged in an inverted repeat. Are mentioned. In particular, it is desirable that the gene having the sequence identity with the target gene is arranged in inverted repeat with the spacer sequence interposed therebetween. Sequence identity can be determined using the above search. As the length of the gene used for ENA interference, the entire length of the target gene may be used, but at least 25 bases may be used, preferably 50 bases, more preferably 100 bases, and further preferably 500 bases is fine.
- RMi can also be achieved by plant virus infection.
- Plant viruses that have single-stranded ENA as their genome take the form of double-stranded RNA during the replication process. Therefore, when a target gene sequence is inserted into a plant virus genome together with an appropriate promoter, and a plant is infected with this recombinant virus, double-stranded KM of the target gene sequence is generated along with replication of the virus. Will be.
- the effect of Ai can be obtained (Angell et al., Plant J. 20, 357-362, (1999)).
- the suppression of the expression of the endogenous gene in the present invention can also be achieved by transforming a gene having a dominant negative trait of the target gene into a plant.
- MA encoding a protein having a dominant negative trait refers to the expression of the arousal to eliminate or reduce the activity of a protein encoded by the endogenous gene of the present invention inherent in a plant.
- a protein that has the function of causing it to]]) NA NA.
- Whether the target DM has a function of eliminating or reducing the activity of the endogenous gene of the present invention depends on whether the target DM is a plant cyclin B gene, NACK1 gene, The determination can be made based on whether or not the transcription amount of the ortholog gene is suppressed.
- Reduction of the function of endogenous plant 3Emyb protein by dominant negative molecule may be transformed into a plant species different from the plant species from which MmybAl protein, MmybA2 protein, and 0s3RmyMl protein are isolated.
- a plant in which the activity of the plant 3 Bmyb protein is altered is a plant in which the expression of the plant 3 Rmyb gene or the function of the protein is changed, and the expression level of the gene or the function of the expressed protein is wild. Plants that change at a detectable level compared to the type are desirable, and the change in expression level includes constitutive expression, inducible expression, overexpression, ectopic expression, and suppression of expression.
- the present invention also provides a recombinant DM or vector into which a DNA that suppresses the expression of the MA of the present invention or the DNA of the present invention or the expression of a protein encoded by the MA of the present invention has been inserted.
- a recombinant MA or vector include the vector described above for use in the production of recombinant proteins, and the expression of DM of the present invention or A of the present invention in plant cells for producing transformed plants.
- a vector for expressing DM which suppresses the expression of the protein encoded by DM of the present invention is also included.
- Such a recombinant DM or vector is particularly limited as long as it contains a promoter sequence that can be transcribed in plant cells and a terminator sequence that contains a polyadenylation site necessary for stabilizing the transcript.
- the plasmids “pBI121”, “PBI221J, ⁇ all manufactured by Cloivech), ⁇ 7001”, ⁇ 7002 J (Aoyama et al. (1997) Plant J. 11: 605), “pPZP211” (Hajdukiewicz et al. ., Plant Mol. Biol. 25: 989 (1994).
- the recombinant DM or vector of the present invention may contain a promoter for constitutively or inducibly expressing the protein of the present invention.
- promoters that can be expressed in cells are preferably those listed below.
- promoters for constitutive expression include, for example, the 35S promoter of Cauliflower mosaic virus (Odell et al., Nature, 313: 810 (1985)) and the actin promoter of rice (Zhang et al., Plant Cell, 3: 1155 (1991)), corn ubiquitin promoter (Cornejo et al., Plant Mol. Biol., 23: 567 (1993)).
- Promoters for inducible expression include, for example, exogenous expression such as infection or invasion of filamentous fungi or bacteria, low temperature, high temperature, drying, irradiation with ultraviolet light, or spraying of specific compounds. And known promoters.
- Such promoters include, for example, rice chitin expressed by filamentous fungi and bacteria 'virus infection and invasion, and a promoter of the zebra gene (Xu et al., Plant Mol. Biol., 30: 387U996). ) And the promoter of the tobacco ⁇ protein gene (Ohshima et al., Plant Cell 2: 95 (1990)), and the promoter of the rice “lipl9” gene induced by low temperature (Aguan et al., Mol.
- the promoter of the rice chitinase gene and the promoter of the PI? Protein gene of tobacco are induced by specific compounds such as salicylic acid, and "rabl6" is also induced by spraying the plant hormone abscisic acid. It may also include the use of a vector system having a system that allows for inducible gene expression in plants by treatment with dalcocorticoid estrodidin.
- PTA7001 and pTA7002 are examples of vectors that can be induced by glycocorticoid treatment, and pEE10 (Zuo et al., Plant J., 24: 265 2000)).
- Examples of a promoter for expression in a proliferating cell-specific manner include, for example, a promoter of the tobacco NP K1 gene expressed in the S to M phases (Nishihanm et al., Genes Dev., 15: 352 (2000)), Promoters of the tobacco NACK1 gene (Nishihama et al., Cell, 109: 87 (2002)) and Nitinichi ⁇ CYM gene promoter (Ito et al., Plant J., 11: 983 (1997) )), A promoter of the periwinkle CYS gene expressed in S phase (Ito et al., Plant J., 11: 983 (1997)), a promoter of the Arabidopsis thaliana cdc2a gene that is observed throughout the cell cycle in proliferating cells ( Chung et al., FEBS Lett., 362: 215 (1995)). Examples of tissue-specific promoters can be found in the following patent documents.
- Arabidopsis AtHB8 promoter (Baima et al. Development 121: 4171 (1995)), which is a vascular pro- cambium-specific promoter, and Arabidopsis ACL5 promoter (Hanzawa et al. The EMBO Journal, 19: 4248 (2000)), a tomato-specific tomato RBCS3A promoter (Meier et al. Plant Physiol. 107: 1105 (1995)) and the like can also be used.
- Promoters that exhibit high gene expression in male reproductive system organs or cells include Arabidopsis A "tNACK2 ⁇ promoter (PCT / JP02 / 12268) and Arabidopsis AVP1 gene promoter (Mitsuda et al., Plant Mol. Biol, 46: 185 (2001)), Arabidopsis thaliana MD1 gene promoter (Ishiguro et al., Plant Cell, 13: 2191 (2001)), tobacco TA20, TA29 gene promoter (Goldberg et al., Science, 240: 1460) (1988)), rice 0sg6B gene motor (Tuchiya et al., Plant Mol.
- the present invention also provides a transformed plant cell into which the recombinant DM or the vector of the present invention has been introduced.
- plant cells used for producing plant bodies there is no particular limitation on plant cells used for producing plant bodies, and any known plant, for example, cultivated plant, useful plant, etc., can be applied to the plant cell, and cereals, beans, potatoes, seeds, etc. Examples include plants known as foreheads, vegetables, and fruits, as well as those derived from horticultural flowers, trees, etc. Examples of the plant cells include Solanaceae, Brassicaceae, Poaceae, Legume, and Lily. And so on, preferably tobacco, Arabidopsis, oilseed rape, soybean, azuki, endu, fava bean, laccasei, sesame, rice, wheat, o Oats, rye, Enbak, corn, potato, tomato, pepper, cabbage, broccoli, ha.
- the plant cell of the present invention includes cells in a plant as well as cultured cells. It also includes protoplasts, shoot primordia, multiple shoots, and hairy roots.
- the introduction of a vector into a plant cell can be performed, for example, by a method using an agrobacterium (Hood et al., Transgenic Res., 2: 218 (1993); Hiei et al., Plant J., 6, : 271 (1994)), the electroporation method (Tada et al., Theor. Appl. Genet, 80: 475 (1990)), the polyethylene glycol method (Lazzeri et al., Theor. Appl. Genet, 81: 437). (1991)) and the particle gun method (Sanford et al., J. Part. Sci. Tech., 5:27 (1987)), among which methods known in the art can be used.
- an agrobacterium Hood et al., Transgenic Res., 2: 218 (1993); Hiei et al., Plant J., 6, : 271 (1994)
- the electroporation method Tada et al., Theor
- Transformed plant cells can regenerate plants by redifferentiation.
- the method of regeneration differs depending on the type of plant cell.For example, for rice, the method of Fuj imura et al. (Plant Tissue Culture Lett., 2:74 (1995)) can be mentioned.For corn, Shillito (Bio / Technology, 7: 581 (1989)) and Gorden-Kamm et al. (Plant Cell, 2: 603 (1990)). For potatoes, Visser et al. (Theor. Appl. Genet, 78: 594 (1989)). ), For tobacco, Nagata and Takebe (Planta, 99:12 (1971)). For Arabidopsis, Akanm et al. (Plant Cell Reports, 12: 7-11 (1992)). ).
- progeny can be obtained from the plant by sexual or asexual reproduction. It is possible. In addition, obtaining a propagation material (for example, seeds, fruits, cuttings, tubers, tubers, roots, strains, calli, protoplasts, etc.) from the plant, its progeny or clone, and mass-producing the plant based on them. Is also possible.
- a propagation material for example, seeds, fruits, cuttings, tubers, tubers, roots, strains, calli, protoplasts, etc.
- the present invention provides a plant cell into which the DNA of the present invention or the DNA for suppressing the expression of DM of the present invention has been introduced, a plant containing the cell, progeny and clone of the plant, and the plant, progeny thereof, And clonal propagation material.
- cell growth and development / differentiation can be changed as compared to normal individuals by regulating the expression of DM of the present invention.
- alteration of cell proliferation means, for example, shortening or delaying the time required for the cell cycle, shortening the time required for each of the G1, S, G2, and M phases constituting the cell cycle, or Delay, suppression of entry into G1, S, G2, and M phases that constitute the cell cycle, and termination of G1, S, G2, and M phases that constitute the cell cycle Suppression, suppression of the presence of the G1, S, G2, and M phases that constitute the cell cycle, changes in cell size, changes in the formation of phragmoplasts, changes in the formation of phloemforms, Causing a change in cell plate expansion, a change in cell plate formation, a change in the number of cell divisions, a change in the number of nuclei contained in the cell, or a change in the DNA content in the nucleus.
- the change in the DM content in the nucleus includes a change in ploidy, and preferably includes an increase in ploidy.
- modification of development / differentiation refers to, for example, an increase in the number of cells constituting a plant due to promotion of cell proliferation, and an increase in the number of cells constituting a plant due to suppression of cell proliferation.
- a change in the size of a plant due to promotion or suppression of cell growth means that a plant increases in size due to promotion of cell growth, or that the growth of a plant is suppressed.
- a plant having a reduced gene expression level of endogenous MmybAl and NtmybA2 when produced, it is possible to obtain a plant in which growth and growth accompanied by cells in which cell division and cytokinesis are suppressed are obtained.
- the production of cultured cells with reduced NtniyM2 gene expression resulted in altered cell cycle, indicating that NtmybAl and NtmybA2 are positive regulators of cell cycle and cell division. This indicates that suppressed plants can be produced.
- the enhanced growth and proliferation in transformed plants and cultured cells in which the level of endogenous NtniybB gene expression was reduced indicate that NtmybB is a negative regulator of the cell cycle and cell division.
- growth was suppressed in plants that constantly express NtmybB, which indicates that MmybB negatively regulates cell cycle and cell division in the present invention. It indicates that it is a factor and that it is possible to produce plants whose growth has been suppressed.
- the present invention provides a rice 0s3Rmyb gene which is a transcription activator of a cyclin B gene and a NACK-related gene.
- the cDNA of the plant 3Rmyb gene 0s3RmybAl
- the nucleotide sequence of the cDNA of 0s3RmyMl is shown in SEQ ID NO: 31, and the amino acid sequence of the 0s3RmybAl protein encoded by this gene is shown in SEQ ID NO: 32.
- the present invention provides monocotyledonous 3Rmyb proteins that are functionally equivalent to 0s3EmybAl.
- “having the same function” or “functionally equivalent” means that the protein functions as a transcription activator of cyclin B gene or NACK-related gene.
- Whether a protein is a transcriptional regulator of the cyclin B gene or NACK-related gene or not is determined by a functional capture test using the expression of the protein in a mutant strain or by a protein transiently expressed in plant cells. Can be determined by the transcriptional activation of the cyclin B gene or the NACK 1 gene.
- a plant for isolating a protein functionally equivalent to the 0s3KmybAl protein characterized in the present invention it can be used by selecting from monocotyledonous plants. These can also be used as gene sources. Acquisition of a functionally equivalent protein as described above.
- a method for introducing a mutation into an amino acid in a protein is well known to those skilled in the art.
- the protein of the present invention has an amino acid sequence in which one or more amino acids have been substituted, deleted, or added in the native ⁇ 0s33 ⁇ 4y bAlj protein, '' and has a function equivalent to that of the native protein.
- the modification of amino acids in the protein is usually within 50 amino acids, preferably within 30 amino acids, more preferably within 10 amino acids, more preferably within 3 amino acids of all amino acids.
- Amino acid modification can be performed using, for example, “Transformer Site-directed Mutagenesis Kit J or rExSite PGR-Based Site-directed Mutagenesis Kit J (manufactured by Clontech) for mutation or substitution.
- the deletion can be performed using “Quairtum leap Nested Deletion KitJ (Clontech)” or the like.
- site-directed mutagenesis using a synthetic oligonucleotide (site-directed mutagenesis) (Zoller et al., Nucl. Acids Res., 10: 6487, 1987; Carter et al., Ucl. Acids Res. , 13: 4331, 1986), cassette mutagenesis (Wells et al., Gene, 34: 315, 1985), restriction selection mutagenesis: Wells et al., Philos. Trans.. Soc.
- substitution, deletion, or insertion of an amino acid may cause a favorable change, and may cause a change in the physiological or chemical properties of the polypeptide constituting the protein. May be.
- the polypeptide with the substitution, deletion, or insertion may be one that is considered to be substantially the same as that without such substitution, deletion, or insertion.
- Substantially the same amino acid substitution in the amino acid sequence may be selected from other amino acids of the class to which the amino acid belongs.
- non-polar (hydrophobic) amino acids include alanine, phenylalanine, leucine, isofucine, valine, proline, tributofan, methionine, and the like, and polar (neutral) glycine, serine Amino acids, threonine, cysteine, tyrosine, asparagine, glutamine, etc .
- basic amino acids include arginine, lysine, histidine, etc.
- negatively charged amino acids acidic amino acids
- cystine may be replaced with serine, glycine with alanine or leucine, or leucine with alanine, isoleucine, palin, or the like.
- the amino acid residues contained therein can be modified by a chemical method, and peptidases such as pepsin, chymotrypsin, papain, promelain, It can be modified using enzymes such as endopeptidase and exopeptidase, or partially degraded to obtain derivatives or mutants thereof.
- peptidases such as pepsin, chymotrypsin, papain, promelain
- enzymes such as endopeptidase and exopeptidase, or partially degraded to obtain derivatives or mutants thereof.
- it is expressed as a fusion protein at the time of production by a genetic recombination method, and converted and processed into a substance having a biological activity substantially equivalent to that of a predetermined natural protein of the present invention in vivo or in vitro. You may.
- fusion protein can also be purified by affinity chromatography using the fusion portion.
- fusion proteins include those fused to a histidine tag, or / 3-galactosidase ( ⁇ -gal), maltose-binding protein (MBP), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and thioredoxin. (TRX) or Cre
- the polypeptide may be tagged with a heterogeneous epitope so that it can be purified by immunoaffinity chromatography using an antibody that specifically binds to the epitope. it can.
- the epitope tag includes, for example, AU5, c-Myc, CruzTag 09, CruzTag 22, CruzTag 41, Glu-Glu, HA, Ha. 11, T3, FL AG (registered trademark, Sigma- Aldrich), Omni-probe, S-probe, T7, Lex A, V5, VP16, GAL4, VSV-G and the like.
- the fusion protein may be a protein with a marker that can be a detectable protein.
- the detectable marker may be a biotin Avi Tag based on the biotin nostreptavidin system, a fluorescent substance, or the like.
- the fluorescent substance examples include green fluorescent protein (GFP) derived from a luminescent jellyfish such as jellyfish (Aequorea victorea) and a mutant (GFP variant) obtained by modifying the green fluorescent protein, such as EGFP (Enhanced- humanized GFP), rsGFP (red-shift GFP), yellow fluorescent protein (YFP), green fluorescent protein (GFP), cyan fluorescent protein (CFP), Blue fluorescent protein (BFP) and others (Atsushi Miyawaki, edited by Experimental Medical Science, Experimental Lectures in the Post-Genome Era 3-GFP and Bioimaging, Yodosha (2000)). Detection can also be performed using an antibody (including a monoclonal antibody and its fragment) that specifically recognizes the fusion tag.
- an antibody including a monoclonal antibody and its fragment
- the protein of the present invention can be prepared by a method known to those skilled in the art as a natural protein or as a recombinant protein prepared by using gene recombination technology.
- a natural protein is obtained by immunizing a small animal such as a heron with a recombinant protein prepared by the following method, and binding the antibody to an appropriate adsorbent (CNBr-activated agarose or tosyl-activated agarose). And extract the protein from rice leaves using the obtained column. It can be prepared by purifying the effluent.
- the recombinant protein can be obtained by a conventional method, for example, by introducing DNA encoding the protein of the present invention into an appropriate expression vector, introducing the vector into appropriate cells, It can be prepared by purification.
- Cells used for producing the recombinant protein include, for example, plant cells, microbial cells such as Escherichia coli and yeast, animal cells, insect cells and the like.
- Examples of vectors for expressing a recombinant protein in cells include plasmids pBI121 and pBI101 (Clontech) for plants and yeast cells, and plasmids for Escherichia coli.
- DM DM into the vector
- the introduction of DM into the vector can be performed by a conventional method, for example, the method described in Molecular Cloning (Maniatis et al., Cold Spring harbor Laboratry Press).
- the introduction can be performed by a conventional method according to the host cell, such as an electroporation method, a microinjection method, or a particle gun method.
- Purification of the recombinant protein of the present invention from the obtained transformed cells may be carried out by salting out, precipitation with an organic solvent, ion exchange chromatography, affinity chromatography, or a column using an immunoadsorbent, depending on the properties of the protein. Chromatography, gel filtration, SDS electrophoresis, isoelectric focusing and the like can be performed in an appropriate combination. Further, when the recombinant protein of the present invention is expressed as a fusion protein with a label such as glutathione S-transferase, it can be purified by affinity chromatography with the label. .
- the present invention also provides a DNA encoding the protein of the present invention.
- the [) NA of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can encode the protein of the present invention, and includes genomic DNA, cDNA, and chemical synthesis]) NA.
- the genomic MA is, for example, a genomic DM prepared according to the method described in the literature (Rogers and Bendich, PIant Mol. Biol. 5:69 (1985)), as type III, the nucleotide sequence of the DM of the present invention, for example, SEQ ID NO: It can be prepared by performing a polymerase 'chain' reaction (polymerase chain reaction; PCR) using a primer prepared based on the base sequence described in (31).
- cMA the mwake is prepared from the plant by a conventional method (Maniatis et al.
- genomic DM and cDNA a genomic DNA library or cDNA library is prepared by a conventional method, and the base sequence of the DM of the present invention (for example, the nucleotide sequence of It can also be prepared by screening using a protein synthesized based on the sequence).
- the method for isolating a functionally equivalent protein the method described in Hydride-Shion Technology (Southern, J. Mol. Biol. 98: 503 (1975); Maniatis et al., "Molecular Cloning") , Cold Spring harbor Laboratry Press) and PCK technology (H.
- nucleotide sequence of the “0s3EmybAl” gene (SEQ ID NO: 31) or a part thereof is used as a probe to hybridize to a part of the nucleotide sequence of the “0s3EmyMl” gene (SEQ ID NO: 31). It is usually possible to isolate a DM having high homology to the oligo base as a primer and obtain a protein having a function equivalent to that of the 0s3EmybAlJ protein from the DM.
- the protein of the present invention also includes a protein having a function equivalent to that of the “0s3RmybAl” protein encoded by the DNA isolated by the hybridization technique or the PCB technique.
- PCR generally refers to a method as described in Saiki et al., Science, 239: 487 (1988); US Pat. No. 4,683,195, and the like. Refers to a method for enzymatically amplifying a desired nucleotide sequence in vitro. In general, PCR involves repetitive cycles, such as primer extension synthesis, using two oligonucleotide nucleotide primers that can preferentially hybridize with type I nucleic acid.
- primers used in the PCB method can use primers that are complementary to the nucleotide sequence to be amplified within the template, for example, the nucleotide to be amplified. Those which are complementary at the sequence and at both ends or which are adjacent to the nucleotide sequence to be amplified can be preferably used.
- the primer at the 5 'end is selected so as to contain at least an initiation codon or to be able to extend including the initiation codon, and as a primer at the 3' end, It is preferable to select at least a stop codon so that it can be amplified so as to include the stop codon.
- the primer is preferably an oligonucleotide consisting of 5 or more bases, more preferably 10 bases or more, and more preferably an oligonucleotide consisting of 18 to 35 bases.
- PCR can be performed by a method known in the art or a method substantially similar thereto or a modified method.
- a method known in the art for example, in addition to the above-mentioned documents, L Saiki, et al., Science, 230: 1350, 1985; HA Erlich ed., PCR Technology, Stockton Press, 1989; DM Glover et al. ed "DNA Cloning", 2nd ed., Vol. 1, (The Practical Approach Series), IRL Press, 0xford University Press (1995); MA Innis et al. ed., 'PCR Protocols: a guide to methods and applications ", Academic Press,-New York (1990)); MJ McPherson, P.
- PCR Quirke and GR Taylor (Ed.), PCR: a practical approach, ARL Frohman et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 85, 8998-9002 (1988), or a method modified or modified from the method described in IRL Press, Oxford (1991); PCR can be performed using a commercially available kit suitable for the PCR, and can be performed by a kit manufacturer or a kit distributor. It can be implemented according to the protocol specified by the public.
- the PCE is a 10x reaction buffer between, for example, type I (eg, DM synthesized with ⁇ as type I; 1st strand DNA) and a primer designed based on the gene.
- type I eg, DM synthesized with ⁇ as type I; 1st strand DNA
- a primer designed based on the gene eg, a primer designed based on the gene.
- the mixture is cycled 25 to 60 times under typical PCR cycling conditions using an automated thermal cycler such as the GeneAmp 2400 PCR system, Perkin-Elmer / Cetus, but the number of cycles for amplification is The number can be set appropriately according to the purpose.
- PCR cycle conditions include, for example, denaturation 90-95 ° C for 5-100 seconds, annealing 40-60 ° C for 5-150 seconds, extension 65-75 ° C for 30-300 seconds, preferably denaturation.
- a cycle of 94 ° C for 15 seconds, annealing at 58 ° C for 15 seconds, and extension at 72 ° C for 45 seconds can be mentioned.
- the reaction temperature and time for annealing can be selected as appropriate by appropriate experiments, and denaturation. Appropriate values can also be selected for the reaction and extension times depending on the expected chain length of the PCE product.
- the annealing reaction and temperature are preferably changed according to the Tin value of the hybrid between the primer and the type I DNA.
- the time for the extension reaction is generally about 1 minute per 1000 bp chain length, but a shorter time can be selected in some cases.
- the nucleotide sequence of the obtained DM can be easily determined by using, for example, “Sequencer-1 Model310” (manufactured by ABI).
- the DNA of the present invention can be used, for example, for preparing a recombinant protein as described above.
- Hybridization for isolating a gene encoding a protein functionally equivalent to 0s3RmybAl was performed by hybridization at 55 ° C, followed by 2XSSC containing 0.1% SDS (3M NaCl, Wash for 10 minutes at 55 ° C in 0.3 M sodium citrate) or 2XSSPE 3.6 M NaCl, 0.2 M sodium phosphate solution (pH 7.7), 0.02 M Na 2 -EDTA. It can be performed on the condition that it is performed twice. For more stringent hybridization, after hybridization at 65 ° C, wash 3 times at 65 ° C for 10 minutes in 2XSSC or 2XSSPE solution containing 0.13 ⁇ 4SDS for a total of 3 times. Good.
- washing is performed for 10 minutes at 65 ° C in 2XSSC or 2XSSPE solution containing 0.1% SDS, and then In a 1XSSC or 1XSSPE solution containing 0.1% SDS, washing may be performed twice at 65 C for 10 minutes.
- hybridization solution "Molecular cloning (Maniatis T. et al., The one described in Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press; J, etc.) may be used.
- the related proteins disclosed herein, The fragments, and also nucleic acids and oligonucleotides including MA) are used singly or organically, and are appropriately combined with antisense technology, antibodies including monoclonal antibodies, transgenic plants, etc.
- RNA interference RNA interference
- dsRNA double-stranded EM
- the signal may be a label such as a fluorescent dye (eg, Cy3, Cy5, B0DIPY, FITC, Alexa Fluor dyes (trade name), Texas red ( It is also possible to use a laser-scanner for detection, and the obtained data is processed by a computer system equipped with a program according to an appropriate algorithm.
- protein array technology may utilize tagged recombinant expressed protein products, including two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE), mass spectrometry (MS) including enzyme digestion fragments (MS Includes technologies such as electrospray ionization (ESI), matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization (MALM), MALDI-TOF analyzers, and ESI-3 quadrants.
- ESI electrospray ionization
- MALM matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization
- MALDI-TOF analyzers MALDI-TOF analyzers
- ESI-3 quadrants A quadrupole analyzer, ESI-ion trap analyzer, etc. may be used), staining technology, isotope labeling and analysis, image processing technology, etc. can be used . Therefore, the present invention may also include software, databases, and the like relating to MCK2 or the like obtained or usable above and antibodies thereto.
- antibody may be used in a broad sense and refers to a single monoclonal antibody against the desired 0s3EmybAl protein, its constituent polypeptides and related peptide fragments. Or an antibody composition having specificity for various epitopes, including monovalent or polyvalent antibodies, polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies, and naturally-occurring ntact) molecules and fragments thereof.
- Particularly preferred antibodies of the present invention include those that can specifically identify a polypeptide selected from the region from positions 53 to 202 of SEQ ID NO: 32.
- Monoclonal antibodies raised against the antigenic material are produced using any method that can provide for the production of antibody molecules by a series of cell lines in culture.
- the modifier “monoclonal” indicates the character of the antibody as being obtained from a substantially homogeneous population of antibodies, and assumes that the antibody needs to be produced by some particular method. Must not.
- Each monoclonal antibody contains a population of antibodies that are identical, except that only small amounts of naturally occurring variants may be present.
- Monoclonal antibodies are highly specific, being directed against a site with a single antigenicity.
- monoclonal antibodies In contrast to a conventional (polyclonal) antibody preparation, which typically contains various antibodies directed against different antigenic determinants (epitopes), each monoclonal antibody has It is directed against a single determinant.
- monoclonal antibodies are synthesized by hybridoma cultivation and are superior in that they are free or low in contaminants of other immunoglobulins.
- Monoclonal antibodies include hybrid antibodies and recombinant antibodies. They may replace a variable region domain with a constant region domain, replace a light chain with a heavy chain, or replace a certain region, regardless of its origin or type of immunoglobulin class or subclass, as long as it exhibits the desired biological activity.
- Examples of suitable methods for producing monoclonal antibodies include the Hypri-doma method (G. Kohler and C. Milstein, Nature, 256, pp. 495-497 (1975)); et al., Immunology Today, 4, pp. 72-79 (1983); Kozbor, J. Immunol., 133, pp. 3001 (1984); Brodeur et al., Monoclonal Antibody Production Techniques and Appliestions, pp. 51-63, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York (1987); Trioma method; EBV-hybrid method (Cole et al., Monoclonal Antibodies and Cancer Therapy, Alan R. Liss, Inc., pp.
- the antibody of the present invention can be used for analysis, detection, and the like of the gene expression product, as well as various uses.
- the above-described method by hybridization or the method by PCR may be used.
- dicotyledonous plants can be selected and used. These can also be used as gene sources.
- the dicotyledonous plants and monocotyledonous plants characterized by the present invention are not particularly limited, and can be used by selecting from those widely known as cultivated plants or useful plants. Cereals, beans, potatoes, seeds and seeds Plants known as vegetables, fruits, and horticultural flowers and trees.
- the plant includes, for example, solanaceae, cruciferous, gramineous, leguminous, lily, apiaceae, crocodile, and the like, and preferably, tobacco, Arabidopsis, soybean, azuki, endo, broad bean, Laccasey, rice, wheat, oats, rye, embak, bento dalas, corn, oilseed rape, potato, satsimo, taroim, konnyaku, kyassaba.
- the present invention provides a method for modifying the functions of the NtmybAl protein, N "tmyM2 protein, 0s3RmybAl protein, ⁇ 3R1 protein, and MMYB3R4 protein to produce a molecule having an increased transcriptional activation ability of these proteins.
- At least one molecule selected from the group consisting of
- At least one molecule selected from the group consisting of
- the present invention also relates to a molecule in which the function of the NtmybAl protein, the NtmyM2 protein, the 0s3EmybAl protein, the AtMYB3R1 protein, and the Ai: MYB3R4 protein is modified, and the transcriptional activation ability of these proteins is reduced or eliminated as compared to the wild type, that is, Provided is a method for producing a molecule that functions as a dominant negative molecule for an endogenous plant 3Bniyb molecule.
- NtraybAl protein MmybA2 protein, 0s3RmybAl protein, At MYB3R1 protein, and AtMYB3R4 protein to function as a dominant negative with respect to the endogenous plant 3Rmyb gene
- AtMYB3E4 protein shown in SEQ ID NO: 76 is 18 :! A molecule deleted from the amino acid sequence of position ⁇ 961;
- Cystine N Asparagine (Asn)
- R 1-: guanine or adenine Y, y: thymine uracil or cytosine
- H, h adenine or cytosine or thymosine
- V, v adenine or guanine or cytosine
- the cMA encoding 3Einyb was isolated from rice and its nucleotide sequence was determined.
- cDNA prepared from rice calli using a degenerate primer designed with reference to the amino acid sequence in the myb DNA binding region of tobacco 3Emyb, NtmybM, MmybA2, and NtmybB, is considered as a prominent type.
- a PCE reaction was performed.
- nested PCR was performed to successfully isolate a cDNA fragment showing the myb DNA-binding region of three repeats.
- the terminal sequence of full-length cMA was determined by the 5 ′ CE method and the 3 ′ RACE method. Using a primer designed with reference to the 5′-end sequence and the 3′-end sequence, cDNA including the full length of the structural gene was successfully isolated. The details are described below.
- a PCR reaction was performed using 2 ⁇ l of 50 ⁇ l of the synthesized cDNA.
- Primers used for the PCK reaction were DEGmybF (5, -GAIGTICARTGYYWICAY GNTGG-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 1) and DEGmybR (5'-YTTYTTDAVIGAISWRTKCCA-3'; SEQ ID NO: 2).
- the reaction was performed using Ex taq (Takara), using a reaction buffer attached to Ex taq, 200 / M each of dATP, dTTP, dCTP, dGTP, 10 / M each of DEGmybF and DEGmybR, 50; Performed with a liquid volume of Using GeneAmp PCE system 9700 (PE Applied Biosystems), 35 cycles of X steps at 94 ° C for 30 seconds, 42 ° C for 30 seconds, and 72 ° C for 30 seconds were repeated. After the completion of the reaction, the PCR reaction solution was purified using QIAquick PCR Purification Kit (QIAGEN).
- Nested PCR was performed using ⁇ PCR of the purified PCR reaction solution as type ⁇ .
- the primers used for the second PC ⁇ reaction were degenerate primers designed for the region inside DEGmybF and DEGmybE-DEGmybF2 (5 '-CARTGYYTICAYMGITGGCAEAARG -3'; SEQ ID NO: 3) and DEGmybE2 (5 '-ACIS ISWRTTCCARTTRTGYTT- 3 ′; SEQ ID NO: 4) was used.
- the reaction was performed using Ex taq (Takara), using a reaction buffer attached to the Ex tag, 200 / M each of dATP, dTTP, dCTP, dGTP, and 10 ⁇ each of DEGmybF2 and DEGmybB2. I went in.
- a step of 94 ° C for 30 seconds, 58 ° C for 30 seconds, and 72 ° C for 30 seconds was repeated 35 cycles.
- the PCE reaction solution was purified using QIAquick PCR Purification Kit (QIAGEN).
- Nested PCE was further performed using the purified second PCB reaction solution with ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ as type ⁇ .
- the primer used in the third PCR was the degenerate primer DEGmybF3 (5 '-CAYMGITGGCARAARGTIYTIRAYCC-3'; SEQ ID NO: 5) designed in the region inside DEGmy bF2 and DEGmy bK2.
- HIGCRTTITCISfflCKICCIKGIA -3 '; SEQ ID NO: 6 was used.
- the reaction was performed using Ex taq (Takara), a reaction buffer attached to Ex taq, 200 M each dATP, dTTP, dCTP , DGTP, DEGmybF3 of each, and]) EGmybR3 in a liquid volume of 501.
- Ex taq (Takara)
- 200 M each dATP, dTTP, dCTP , DGTP, DEGmybF3 of each, and]) EGmybR3 in a liquid volume of 501.
- a GeneAmp PCR system 9700CPE Applied Biosystems the steps of 94 ° C for 30 seconds, 56 ° C for 30 seconds, and 72 ° C for 30 seconds were repeated 30 cycles.
- the PCE reaction solution was purified using QIAquick PCR Purification Kit (QIAGEN).
- the PCE reaction mixture was analyzed using agarose gel, and it was confirmed that about 300 bp of MA had been amplified. This A fragment was TA-cloned into pCM-T0P0 (Invitrogen :).
- the nucleotide sequence of MA introduced into plasmids obtained from the three clones was determined using T7 primer (5'-TAATACGACTCACTATAGGG-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 7), and SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: : 9, SEQ ID NO: 10.
- CMA was synthesized with GeneRacer Kit (Invitrogen) using 3 ig of the extracted total MA as type I.
- a primer designed based on SEQ ID NO: 8, SEQ ID NO: 9, and SEQ ID NO: 78687-R1 5'-CAGCTCGGCCCATTTATTTCCATACATT
- PCE reaction was performed using -3 '; SEQ ID NO: 11) and a primer attached to GeneRacer Kit (Invitrogen) GeneRacer 5' Primer (5'-CGACTGGAGCACGAGGACACTGA-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 12). The reaction was performed using Ex i; a (i (Takara)) in a liquid volume of 501.
- PCE reaction was performed using -3 '; SEQ ID NO: 13) and a primer attached to GeneRacer Kit (Invitrogen) GeneRacer 5' Nested Primer (5, -GGACACTGACATGGACTGAAGGAGTA -3 '; SEQ ID NO: 14).
- the reaction was performed using Extaq Takara) in a liquid volume.
- the DM introduced into the obtained plasmid was used.
- the nucleotide sequence of clone # 26 is shown in SEQ ID NO: 16
- the nucleotide sequence of clone # 27 is shown in SEQ ID NO: 17.
- the 3 ′ end of cMA was isolated.
- the 3 ′ end sequence was determined by the 3 ′ EACE method using a GeneRacer Kit (Invitrogen).
- Total ⁇ was extracted from 130 mg of callus derived from rice scutellum induced by the method described in (1) above using a Measy plant mini kit (QIAGEN).
- cMA was synthesized from GeneRacer Kit (Invitrogen, Inc.).
- the DNA inserted into the obtained plasmid was purified using T7 primer (5'-TAATACGACTCACTATAGGG-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 7) and T3 primer (5'-MTT CCCTCACTAAAGGG-3'; SEQ ID NO: 15).
- T7 primer 5'-TAATACGACTCACTATAGGG-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 7
- T3 primer 5'-MTT CCCTCACTAAAGGG-3'; SEQ ID NO: 15.
- the 5'-side and 3'-side nucleotide sequences of the inserted DM fragment were determined.
- the nucleotide sequence on the 5 'side of clone # 31 is shown in SEQ ID NO: 22, and the nucleotide sequence on the 3' side is shown in SEQ ID NO: 23.
- PCK reaction was performed using one of the synthesized cMA 50 «1.
- Primers used for the PCR reaction are OsAl-1F (5'-TGTCTTCAGTCATGATGACAAGCGA-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 24) and OsAl-2R (5'-CAAGCTATCTAAAACTTTTCAGAAGATGG-3'; SEQ ID NO: 25).
- the reaction was performed using PfuTurbo Hotstart DNA Polymerase (Stratagene) .PfuTurbo Hotstart DNA Polymerasei, the reaction buffer included, 200 ⁇ ⁇ each of dATP, dTTP, dCTP, dGTP, ⁇ each of OsAl-IF and 0sAl This was carried out using -2R at a liquid volume of 501. Using GeneAmp PCR system 9700 (PE Applied Biosystems), 95 ° C for 2 minutes, 95 ° C for 30 seconds, 60 ° C for 30 seconds, 72 ° C for 4 minutes, 40 cycles Repeated. Finally, the reaction was performed at 72 ° C for 10 minutes.
- PfuTurbo Hotstart DNA Polymerasei the reaction buffer included, 200 ⁇ ⁇ each of dATP, dTTP, dCTP, dGTP, ⁇ each of OsAl-IF and 0sAl This was carried out using -2R at a liquid volume of
- the PCR reaction solution was purified using QIAquick PCR Purification Kit (QIAGEN).
- QIAGEN QIAquick PCR Purification Kit
- T7 primer (5′-TAATACGACTCACTATAGGG-3 ′; SEQ ID NO: 7),
- T3 primer (5, -AATTAACCCTCACTAAAGGG -3 '; SEQ ID NO: 15),
- Primer-78687-F1 (5 '-AGGAGGCATGGACACAAGAAGAGGAAAT-3'; SEQ ID NO: 18), Primer
- Primer 0sAl-6F (5, -TACTCATGATGAAAGCACGG-3 'SEQ ID NO: 29),
- SEQ ID NO: 31 The encoded amino acid sequence is shown in SEQ ID NO: 32.
- the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 32 contains a myb-binding region of three repeats, and the gene encoded by this sequence was designated as 0s3EniybAl.
- 0s3RmyMl cDM Shows high similarity in the N-terminal region to the amino acid sequence of MB78687, but differs in the C-terminal region.
- BAB78687 is different from 0s3RmybAl after the amino acid at the 783rd position.
- 0s3RmybAl is composed of 993 amino acids. This is thought to be due to the difference in the prediction of the splicing site when predicting the structural region of BAB78687 from the genome sequence ( Figures 1, 2, and 3).
- the function of the isolated 0s3EmybAl was confirmed as its ability to activate transcription of the CYM gene containing the MSA regulatory sequence in the promoter region.
- pCR4-0s3RmybM was digested with EcoRI, and the excised MA fragment containing 0s3RmybM was inserted in the sense direction into a site generated by digesting pEXP35S with EcoRI to construct pEXP_0s3RmybAl.
- pE XP-0s3RmybAl is a plasmid that expresses the full length 0RF of 0s3RmyM1 by the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter.
- a plasmid having substantially the same function as pEXP-0s3RraybAl can be constructed as follows. Cut pBI221 (Clontech) with EcoEI and Sacl, blunt the protruding end of the cut DNA with Klenow fragment, cut pBluescript (SK-) with Xhol and smooth it with Klenow fragment. Upon insertion, plasmid pTN is constructed. Cleavage pBI221 with Pstl, blunt the protruding end using Klenow fragment, further cut with Xbal, cut out MA fragment, cut pTN with Notl, blunt the protruding end with Klenow fragment, and further Xbal When inserted into the site generated by cleavage with, PP35S plasmid is constructed.
- pP35S plasmid is a plasmid having a plurality of restriction enzyme cleavage sites between one CaMV 35S promoter and one terminator of nopaline synthase.
- pCR4-0s3RmybM is digested with EcoRI, and the excised DM fragment containing 0s3EmybAl is inserted in the sense direction into a site generated by digesting pP35S with EcoRI to construct pP35S-0s3RmybAl.
- pP35S-0s3IybAl is a plasmid that expresses the entire 0RF of 0s3RmybAl by the CaMV 35S promoter.
- pEXP-GUS is a plasmid that expresses GUS by the CaMV 35S promoter.
- pBI221 (manufactured by Clontech) can be used as a plasmid having substantially the same function as pEXP-GUS.
- the pEL-null Vector plasmid (Promega) is cut with BamHI and Nhel, and the generated fragment is cut into the site generated by cutting pBI-221 (Clontech) with Xba! [and BamHI. I entered. After cutting this plasmid with Xbal and Sacl, the protruding end was blunted using a Klenow fragment, and the cut-out DM fragment was removed. Then, self-ligation was carried out to construct B-LUC plasmid.
- R-LUC Plasmid is a plasmid that expresses Luciferase (E-LUC) derived from Renilla by the CaMV 35S promoter.
- the PD0432 plasmid (Nishiuchi et al., Plant Mol. Biol., 29: 599 (1995)) was cleaved with Hindlll and Sacl, and the resulting DM fragment was cleaved with pBI221 (Clontech) using Hindlll and Sacl.
- PUC-LUC was constructed by inserting into the site excluding the DM fragment containing the CaMV 35S promoter region.
- One region of the CYM promoter was adjusted by PCR using genomic MA prepared from Catharanthus roseus by a conventional method for Type I.
- CYM3 (5'-CCGGATCCTTCAATAGAATTTCTTCCA 3 '; SEQ ID NO: 56) and CYM51 (5'-CCAAGC TTACCCATAAATTGTTGGTAAA-3'; SEQ ID NO: 57).
- CYM promoter-LUC plasmid is a plasmid in which luciferase (LUC) is expressed by a CYM promoter containing three MSA sequences as control sequences.
- Protoplasts were prepared by the method of Evans et al. From the tobacco cultured cells BY2 on day 3 after subculture into a new 100 ml LSD liquid medium (Nagata et al. (1981) Mol. Gen. Genet. 184: 161) (J vans et al.). (1983) Int. Eev. Cytol. 33:53). That is, BY2 cells were centrifuged at room temperature at 2,000 rpm, and the cells were collected from the LSD liquid medium. 100 ml of N2 medium (12 Cellulase “0N0ZU A” RS (manufactured by Yakult), 0.5% Hemicellurase (SIGMA) Ltd.), 0.
- the cells were collected by centrifugation at 500 rpm and at room temperature, and mixed with 40 ml of M medium (4.6 g / l Murashige Sukug medium mixed salt (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), 100 mg / l casamino acid, lOOmg / 1 myo inositol 2.8 g / l L-proline, 97.6 mg / l MES ⁇ lmg / 1 Thiamin-HC1, 357 mg / l KH 2 P0 "102.6 g / l Sue rose, pH 5.7). Spinning and centrifugation were performed at room temperature for 10 minutes to recover protoplasts present in the upper layer of the medium.
- M medium 4 g / l Murashige Sukug medium mixed salt (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.)
- 100 mg / l casamino acid 100 mg / lOOmg / 1 myo inositol 2.8 g / l L-pro
- Plasmid DM was introduced into the obtained protoplasts by the PEG method (Bilang et al. (1994). In Plant Molecular Biology Manual, pp. Al, 116.). That is, the obtained protoplasts were washed with 40 ml of W5 (15 mM NaCl, 124 mM CaCl 2 , 5 mM KC1, 5 mM glucose. PH 5.8), and then collected by centrifugation at room temperature, 500 rpm, and 3 minutes. This washing operation was repeated three times. After washing, the protoplasts were adjusted to a concentration of 2 ⁇ 10 5 / ml using MMM (15 mM MgCl 2 , 0.1% MES, 0.5 M Mannito pH 5.8).
- Protoplast 250 1 suspended in MMM was dispensed into a test tube, and 201 of a plasmid DM solution was added. Gently stirred for Chi the PEG solution (0. 4M mannitoK 0. 1M Ca ( N0 3) 2 solution added PEG4000 to be 40% w / v, adjusted to pH 8, autoclave) 250/1 In addition, the mixture was gently stirred. Finally, 5 ml of a medium containing 0.4 M mannitol was added to the LSD liquid medium, and the cells were cultured in the dark for 20 hours. After the culture, the cells were collected by centrifugation at room temperature, 500 rpm, and 3 minutes, and the LUC and R-LUC activities were measured. These substrates were measured using a Luminometer-LB955 (Berthold) using a Dual-Lucif erase Reporter assay system (Promega).
- Standardization of the transfection efficiency between transfected samples was performed by simultaneously introducing R-LUC plasmid expressed by Renilla luciferase by the CaMV 35S promoter and detecting LUC activity by the activity of Renilla luciferase.
- PEXP-0s3RmybAl a plasmid expressing the full length of 0s3BmybAl by the CaMV 35S promoter
- pEXP-GUS a plasmid expressing GUS by the CaMV 35S promoter
- the CYM promoter-LUC plasmid and R-LUC plasmid described above were used.
- the introduction was performed in 5 replicates. About the combination of plasmides
- the nucleotide sequence of the MA encoding N1: mybAl used in the present invention is shown in SEQ ID NO: 50, and the amino acid sequence is shown in SEQ ID NO: 51.
- the nucleotide sequence of MA encoding NtmybA2 is shown in SEQ ID NO: 52, and the amino acid sequence is shown in SEQ ID NO: 53.
- the nucleotide sequence encoding NtmybB is shown in SEQ ID NO: 54, and the amino acid sequence is shown in SEQ ID NO: 55.
- NtmybA DNA encoding NtmybA2 and NtmybB was isolated using the Yeast One-hybrid system (Clontech) (Ito et al., Plant Cell, 13: 1891 (2001)).
- CMA prepared from BY 2 cells on the second day of culture was inserted into pGADIO plasmid to construct a cDNA library.
- a histidine synthase (HIS) -deficient yeast strain in which a reporter gene in which a histidine synthase (HIS3) is functionally fused with the MCKl promoter, which is a promoter containing the MS ⁇ sequence, was inserted into the chromosome was created.
- the cMA library was transformed.
- the transformed yeast was selected using a histidine-free medium, and the nucleotide sequences of cMA inserted into three plasmids (0H53, 0H60, 0H88) recovered from the growing colonies were determined, and NtmybAl, NtmybA2, A DM encoding NtmybB was obtained.
- OH53 plasmid encodes NtmybAl]) NA fragment
- 0H60 plasmid contains DNA encoding full-length NtmybA2
- 0H88 plasmid contains MA encoding full-length MmybB.
- the 3 ′ end sequence was determined using the 3 ′ EACE method, and pGEMe-0H53i6 plasmid into which the full-length cDNA of NtmyMl was inserted was obtained.
- MAs can be more easily isolated using PCK or hybridization.
- hybridization screening of the library constructed on plasmid phage may be performed using cMA prepared from BY2 cells in the logarithmic growth phase.
- the probe used can be prepared with reference to DM described in SEQ ID NO: 50 for NtraybAl, MA described in SEQ ID NO: 52 for mybA2, and DM described in SEQ ID NO: 54 for NtmybB. I can do it.
- cMA prepared from BY2 cells in logarithmic growth phase is used for type III.
- the primer can be designed with reference to the DNA described in SEQ ID NO: 50 for NtmybM, the DNA described in SEQ ID NO: 52 for NtmyM2, and the DM described in SEQ ID NO: 54 for NtmybB.
- a DNA fragment obtained by cutting NtmybA2 or NtmybB from 0H60 or 0H88 using a restriction enzyme can be obtained by appropriately adding a restriction enzyme recognition sequence to a PCR primer. is there.
- PEXP-NtmybA2 and pEXP-NtmybB plasmids expressing NtmybA2 and NtmybB were constructed by the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter. At the site generated by cutting pEXP35S with Sail, the MA fragment cut out by cutting 0H60 and 0H88 with Sail is sent.
- a plasmid having substantially the same function as these plasmids can be constructed as follows.
- PP35S-NtmybA2 and pP35S-NtniybB are constructed by providing a DM fragment cut out by cutting 0H60 or 0H88 with Sail on a site generated by cutting pP35S plasmid with Sail. That is, pP35S-NtmybA2 and pP35S-NtniybB are plasmids in which NtniybA2 or NtmybB is expressed by the CaMV 35S promoter.
- NtmybA2 is a transcriptional activator of the NACK1 and CYM genes.
- the functional region involved in the ability of MisybA2 protein to activate transcription is unknown. Therefore, in order to search for this functional region, mutants in which the NtmybA2 protein was deleted from the C-terminal side were created, and the ability of these mutants to activate transcription of the NACK1 gene was measured. The functional area that regulates the function was determined.
- a deletion MA fragment was prepared by PCR using pEXP-NtmybA2 as type III.
- the primer used for PCR was primer 35S0 (5'-TATCCTT CGCAAGACCCTTC-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 48) and (i) primer A2-T1-TAG (5'-CCGTCGACTATGCA GCCTCGTCAAACATAA-3'; SEQ ID NO: 43)
- the primer is A2-T2-TAG (5,-CCGTCGACTA CCACAGCCTAAATGGAGTA-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 44).
- the primer is A2-T3-TAG (5'-CCGTCG ACTATATGCTCGAATTTTCGTTCAC-3 '; No. 45), (v) for primer A2-T4-TAG (5'-CC GTCGACTAGCATTCTGAAGCTTCCTCC -3 '; SEQ ID NO: 46), (vi) for primer A2-T5-TAG (5'-CCGTCGACTACTTTTTGACGGAACTATTCC-3'; SEQ ID NO: 47) was used.
- plasmid having substantially the same function as the plasmids (i) to (vi) can be constructed as follows.
- the plasmids (viii), (ix), (xi), and (xii) form a deletion DNA fragment using PCK using pP35S-N "tmyM2 as type III.
- primer 35S0 5'-TATCCTTCGCAAGACCCTTC-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 48
- primer (A2-T1-TAG 5, -CCGTCGACTATGCAGCCTCGTCAAACATAA-3') for (vii);
- primer A2-T2-TAG 5, -CCGTCGACTACCACAGCCTAAATGGAGTA-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 44
- primer A2-T3-TAG 5'-CCGTCGACTATATGCTCGAATTTTCGTT CAC-3) '; SEQ ID NO: 45
- (xi) for primer A2-T4-TAG 5'-CCGTCGACTAGCATTCTGAAGCTT CCTCC-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 46
- primer A2-T5-TAG 5'-CCGTCGACTACTTTTTGACG GAACTATTCC-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 47) is used.
- the genomic MA prepared from tobacco cultured cells BY-2 by a conventional method was transformed into type III.
- the primers used in the PCB reaction were NM1P-3 (5'-, CCGGATCCTCTAGATTTGCGCCTGAGATCTGAG-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 58) and NAK1P-5 (5'-CCAAGCTTCA TAAGCCGATAGAATTCACC-3'; SEQ ID NO: After cutting the amplified NACK1 promoter region with BamHI and Hindlll, insert it into the site generated by cutting BamHI and Hindlll of pUC-LUC to construct the MCK1 promoter-LUC plasmid. That is, the NiVCKl promoter-LUC plasmid was used as a control sequence. This is a plasmid in which LUC is expressed by the NACK1 promoter containing two MSA sequences.
- Plasmid was introduced into BY-2 protoplasts by the method described in (3) of Example 3.
- As the effector plasmid a plasmid expressing the NtmyM2 deletion mutant from (i) to (vi) of the above (1) and a plasmid expressing pEXP-NtciyM2, a plasmid expressing full-length NtmybA2, and GUS PEXP-GUS was used.
- MCK1 promoter-LUC plasmid was used as a reporter.
- the transcriptional activation of the reporter gene was measured as LUC activity.
- the method for measuring LUC and B-LUC activities was the same as in Example 3.
- the value obtained by standardizing LUC activity with R-LUC activity was defined as LUC specific activity.
- the LUC specific activity of pEXP-NtmyM2 was about 4-fold.
- the LUC specific activity is higher than that of pEXP-NtmyM2.
- the LUC specific activity is increased by about 45 times.
- the plasmid (iv) was introduced, the LUC specific activity was reduced to about the same level as that of pEXP-NtmybA2 as compared with (iii).
- the LUC activity was lower than in pEXP-NtmybA2.
- the C-terminal region from amino acid 631 of the MmybA2 protein is a region that negatively regulates the NtmybA2 transcriptional activation ability
- the amino acid sequence from 413 to 630 is a region that promotes the transcriptional activation ability It is clear that it works as Furthermore, the ability to activate transcription of NtmybA2 can be dramatically improved by deleting the sequence from the 569th amino acid to the C-terminal side, especially from the 631th to the C-terminal. It was shown that deletion of amino acids up to 243 and deletion of amino acids from position 243 to the C-terminus can reduce the ability to activate transcription of NtmybA2 (FIG. 5).
- NtmybA2T4 using amino acids 1-242 of the NtmybA2 protein and NtmyM2T5 using amino acids 1-187 of the NtmybA2 protein had lower transcriptional activation ability than full-length NtDiybA2. This is because the ability to activate transcription decreases or disappears, and NtmybA2T4 or NtmyM2T5 binds to the MSA sequence of the target promoter. To work negatively Is shown. To more clearly demonstrate the dominant negative function of NtmyM2T5, we quantified the transcriptional activation of the CYM promoter by co-expression of NtmyM2 and NtmybA2T5 and IrtmybB and NtmyM2T5.
- the BY-2 protoplast adjusted by the method described in (2) of Example 3 was added to the NACK1 promoter 1: LUC plasmid (10 ⁇ g / sample) and E-LUC plasmid (.1 ⁇ / sample).
- LUC plasmid (10 ⁇ g / sample)
- E-LUC plasmid (.1 ⁇ / sample)
- pE XP-NtmybA2 (10 g / sample + pEXP-NtmybA2T5 (10 g / sample)
- iipEXP-Ntmyb g / sample) + pEXP-GUS (10 g / sample) were introduced into (3) in Example 3.
- LUC activity and IHiJC activity were measured by the method described. Plasmid introduction was performed in 5 replicates.
- Luc-plasmid (_iog / sample) and K-LUC plasmid ( ⁇ ⁇ g / sample), EXP-NtmybB (10 ⁇ g / sample) + pEXP-MmybA2T5 (10 ⁇ g / sample) Sample) or pEXP-NtmybB IO ⁇ g / sample) + pEXP-GUS (10 ⁇ g / sample), and measure LUC activity and R-LUC activity by the method described in Example 3, (4). It was measured.
- pBIHm-NtmybA2T2 is cleaved with Sail, and the DM fragment containing NtmybA2T2 to be excised is removed and the DM fragment generated by cleaving pEXP NtmybB or pEXP-MmyM2 with Sail is inserted into the site to be generated, and ⁇ -N "tmybB, pBIHm-N" tmybA2 were constructed.
- Plasmid pTH2 (Chiu et al., Curr Biol 1996 Mar 1; 6 (3): 325-30) was digested with Notl, sGFP produced by blunting the protruding ends using Klenow fragment and then digesting with Sail.
- the contained DM fragment was cut from pBIHm-NtmyM2T2 with Sail and Smal, and NtmybA2T2 was included.)) The NA fragment was removed and inserted into the site generated to construct pBIHm-GFP.
- pBIHm-NtmybA2T2 (i) pBIHm-NtmybB, (iii) pBIHm-NtmybA2 and (iv) pBIHm-GFP are each driven by a CaMV 35S promoter, and! It is a plasmid vector that expresses itmybA2T2, NtmybB, Ntmy M2, and sGFP, and is a binary vector that can be used to transform plants by the agrobacterium method. Plants transformed with these plasmids can select transformants by using hygromycin.
- a plasmid having substantially the same function as the above (i) to (iv) can be constructed as shown below. After cutting PP35S-NtmyM2T2 with Sacl and Apal, the DNA fragment generated by blunting the protruding end with Klenow fragment, cutting pBI-KHL described in International Application No.PCT / JP02 / 12268 with Sail, and enow fragment The site generated by blunting the protruding ends is used to construct pBIHni35S-NtniyM2T2.
- pBIHm35S-MmyM2T2 is cleaved with Sail, the cut-out MA fragment containing NtmybA2T2 is removed, and the MA fragment generated by cutting pP35S-NtmybB or pP35S-NtmybA2 with Sail is inserted into the generated site, and pBIHm35S -Construct NtmybB, pBIHm35S-N1; myM2.
- DNA containing sGFP generated by cutting plasmid pTH2 (Chiu et al., Curr Biol 1996 Mar 1; 6 (3): 325-30) with ⁇ and Sail and blunting the protruding ends using Klenow fragment Fragment to pBIH After cleaving DI35S MmybA2T2 with Sail, the protruding end is blunted using a Klenow fragment, and the DM fragment containing Ntmy bA2T2 is removed to enter a site generated to construct pBIHm35S-GFP.
- pBIHm35S-NtmybA2T2 N (vi) pBIHm35S-NtmybB, (vii) pBIHm35S-Ntm ybA2 and PBIHm35S- GFP, respectively by CaMV 35S promoter one Ku, a plasmid Dobekuta one expressing Mm yM2T2, NtmybB, NtmybA2, sGFP , This is a binary vector capable of transforming plants by the agrobacterium method. Plants transformed with these plasmids can select transformants by using hygromycin.
- Agrobacterium tumefacience EHA101 strain was transformed using the binary vectors (i) to (iv) constructed in the above (1), and these plasmids were retained.
- Arabidopsis thaliana co-type Col-0 was transformed using the bacterium by the Floral dip method (Clough et al. (1998) Plant J. 16: 735).
- the seeds obtained from the flower buds infected with the agrobacterium were sterilized using hypochlorous acid and sterile water, and sown on MS medium containing 25 ⁇ / ⁇ 1 of hygromycin and lOO ⁇ g / ml of carpenicillin. Transformed plants capable of growing on a medium supplemented with hygromycin were selected.
- the selected transformed plants were transplanted to a solidified MS medium (MS inorganic salt, 30% sucrose, 0.4% gellan gum) in a square type No. 2 petri dish (manufactured by Eiken Chemical Co., Ltd.), and allowed to stand vertically.
- the plants were cultivated under the conditions of 16 hours of illumination, 8 hours of darkness, and 21 ° C. Twenty-five days after sowing, the length of the main root was measured.
- the control root transformed with pBIHm-GFP had a root length of 31mn!
- Reading Frame A A DNA fragment of Reading Frame A commercially available from Invitrodin was introduced into a site obtained by cutting pUC19 (Takara) with Smal to generate pUC- ⁇ .
- Insert Reading Frame A which is obtained by cutting pUC-RFA by cutting BamHI and Spel into a site obtained by cutting the plasmid pBI-ML described in International Application No.PCT / JP02 / 12268 with BamHI and Spel, and inserting pDESTBI_l It was constructed.
- Plasmid pENra2B (manufactured by Invitrogen) was cut with Kpnl and Xhol, and a DNA fragment cut out with Kpnl and Xhol was inserted into a site generated by cutting pEXP-NtmyM2T5 to construct pENTE-NtmyM2T5.
- pDESTBI-1 and pENTE_N1; mybA2T5 were mixed, and pDBIHnNtmybA2T5 was constructed by site-specific recombination reaction using Gateway LR Clonase mix (Invitrogen). The reaction using Gateway LE Clonase mix was performed according to the protocol attached to the reagent.
- pDBIHm-NtmyM2T5 is a plasmid vector expressing NtmybA2T5 by the CaMV 35S promoter, and is a binary vector capable of transforming plants by the agrobacterium method. Plants transformed with these plasmids can select for transformants by using hygromycin. You.
- a plasmid having substantially the same function as pDBIHm-NtmybA2T5 can be constructed as follows. After cutting the plasmid pP35S-NtmybA2T5 with SacII and Apal, the protruding ends are blunt-ended using a Klenow fragment. The excised DM fragment is digested with pENTE2B (manufactured by Invitrogen) using Kpnl and Xhol, and the protruding end is blunted using a Klenow fragment, and inserted into a site generated to construct pENTR35S-MmyM2T5.
- pENTE2B manufactured by Invitrogen
- pDESTBI-1 and pENTR35S-NtraybA2T5 are mixed, and pDBIHm35S-MmybA2T5 is constructed by a site-specific recombination reaction using Gateway LE Clonesase mix (manufactured by Invitrogen)
- the reaction using Gateway LR Clonase mix is a reagent
- PDBIHm35S-NtmybA2T5 is a plasmid vector that expresses NtmybA2T5 ′ with the CaMV 35S promoter, and is a binary vector that can be used to transform plants by the agrobacterium method. Plants transformed with the plasmid can be used to select transformants by using hygromycin.
- the CYM promoter-Yuichi region was adjusted by PCR using the genomic DM prepared from Nitinii perforatum in a conventional manner for type I.
- the primers used for the PCR reaction are CYM3Pst (5'-AACTGCAGTCTTCAAT AGAATTTCTTCCAG-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 60) and CYM5-1 (5, -CCAAGCTTACCCATAAATTGTTGGTAAA-3'; SEQ ID NO: 57).
- pPCYM-NtmybA2T2 is a plasmid vector that expresses N1; myM2T2 by the CYM promoter, and is a binary vector capable of transforming plants by the agrobacterium method. Plants transformed with this plasmid can be used to select transformants by using kanamycin.
- pPCYM-Ni; DiybA2T2 plasmid can be constructed as follows. It can be constructed by inserting a DM fragment cut out by cutting pP35SNtmybA2T2 with Sail into a site generated by cutting PPZP211-CYM with Sail.
- the Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Col-0 was transformed by the method shown in Example 5, and the transformation was carried out. Plants were selected. Selection of transgenic plants transformed with [pDBIHm-NtD] ybA2T5 and pBIHm-GFP was performed using pPCYM-NtmyM2T2 on an MS medium containing 25 / J g / ml of hygromycin and 100 g / ffll of carbenicillin.
- transformed plants containing kanamycin 50 / g / ml and carbenicillin 100 g / ml and capable of growing on MS ground were selected. Transformation lines were transplanted to soil mixed with vermiculillat and peat moss in a ratio of 1: 1. After cultivation, cultivation was performed under the conditions of 16 hours of light, 8 hours of darkness, and 21 ° C. From these lines, next-generation seeds obtained by selfing were obtained and used for analysis.
- Next-generation seeds obtained by self-propagation of plants obtained by transformation are sterilized using hypochlorous acid and sterilized water, and solidified in a square No. 2 petri dish (manufactured by Eiken Chemical Co., Ltd.). Salt, 30% sucrose, 0.4% gellan gum) and subjected to vernalization at 4 ° C in the dark for 4 days. After the vernalization treatment, the plants were allowed to stand vertically and cultivated under the conditions of 16 hours of illumination, 8 hours of darkness, and 21 ° C. Three days after vernalization, the root length was measured.
- LgJ and LGFPJ plasmids used for VIGS were provided by Assistant Professor Yuichiro Watanabe of the Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo.
- LgJ is a plasmid containing MA, which encodes a virus that is a modification of the plant virus, Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV).
- the modification points of ToMV are that amino acid substitution is introduced into the region that encodes the replication enzyme to reduce the symptoms by reducing the amount of virus growth, and that a new promoter sequence is introduced to introduce foreign MA. That the recognition sequence of Gateway system is inserted downstream of the promoter for exogenous DNA expression, and that foreign MA can be inserted using the LR reaction marketed by Invitrogen. Is mentioned.
- In vitro ENA Transcription from LgJ Plasmid provides recombinant infectious virus ENA that is infectious to plants.
- a double-stranded DNA derived from the foreign DM is expressed in the plant as a replication intermediate, and when the DNA derived from the infected plant is used as the foreign DM, the endogenous plant in the corresponding plant is expressed. Sex gene expression is suppressed.
- LGFPJ DNA encoding GFP has been inserted into LgJ, and virus infection can be confirmed by expression of GFP.
- a DM fragment containing a portion of tmybA2 cMA was amplified. PyrobesKTakara) was used for these PCR reactions. These MA fragments were inserted into a site generated by cutting pBluescripi; (Stratagene) with EcoRV to construct pBS-VA1 and pBS-.
- the PBS-VA2 was cut with Smal and Sail, the cut DNA fragment was cut with pBS-Ml with Hindlll, blunted with Klenow fragment, and further cut with Sail and inserted into the resulting site.
- pBS-VA1A2 was constructed.
- pBS-VMA2 as a type II primer B1T3 (5'-GGGGCACAAGTTTGTACAAAAAAGCAGGCTCAATTAACCCTCACTAAAGGG-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 41) and a primer B2T7 (5'-GGGGACCACTTTGTACAAGAAAGCTGGGTCGTAATACGACTCACTATAGGGC-3';
- the DM fragment containing a part of NtmybAl and the DM fragment containing a part of NtmybA2 were connected to evening dem to obtain a DNA fragment having attBl and ai: tB2 sequences of a Gateway system (Irwi trogen) added to both ends.
- This MA fragment and the plasmid pD0NR201 were mixed, and a BP reaction was performed using BP Clonase (Invitrogen) to obtain pDON OR ⁇ .
- pD0Nl__VAlA2 was mixed with LgJ and subjected to LR Clonase (Invitrogen) reaction to obtain.
- the reaction using BP Clonase and Clonase was performed according to the instructions attached to the reagent.
- 141 sterile water, 10 ⁇ 1 linearized LA1A2J were mixed and incubated at 37 ° C for 5 minutes.
- 10 ⁇ l of ⁇ 7 RNA Polymerase (20 units / ⁇ K Roche) was added, and the mixture was incubated at 37 ° C. for 25 minutes.
- 20 mM GTP was added and incubated at 37 ° C. for 35 minutes.
- the reaction mixture was subjected to electrophoresis using agarose gel, and it was confirmed that RNA was transcribed.
- LA1A2J RM was inoculated into Nicotiana benthamiana. Cultivated at 25 ° C, sprinkle lightly on the top two leaves of Nicoti ana benthamiana at the 4-5 leaf stage, and apply 5 ⁇ 1 per leaf Of LA1A2J RNA. After inoculation, the inoculated leaves were washed with sterilized water within 5 minutes. Five individuals were inoculated and cultivated at 23 ° C after inoculation. As a control, LGFPJ was subjected to in vitro RNA transcription in the same manner as LA1A2J, and inoculated with LGFPJ fflA.
- primers to detect NtmyMl and NtmyM2- A2-583F (5'-GTACAATGCTTGCACCGGTGG-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 33) and primer A2-1089R (5'-TGTAGACTGGGAACAGCCAGC-3'; SEQ ID NO: 34) are used.
- primers to detect NtmyMl and NtmyM2- A2-583F 5'-GTACAATGCTTGCACCGGTGG-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 33
- primer A2-1089R 5'-TGTAGACTGGGAACAGCCAGC-3'; SEQ ID NO: 34
- EFF 5'-AGACCACCAAGTACTACTGC-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 35
- primer EF R 5, -GTCAAGAG CCTCAAGGAGAG-3'; SEQ ID NO: 36
- Epidermal cells and stomatal guard cells in the leaves of tobacco plant individuals in which the expression of the endogenous NtmybAl and NtmybA2 of (2) is suppressed are observed.
- the epidermal cells are peeled off using forceps, and nuclear staining is performed with an equal mixture of lactic acid and propionic acid containing 1% olcein.
- these cells are observed using a differential interference microscope, multinucleated cells having multiple nuclei are observed.
- large and small nuclei are observed in nuclei present in multinucleated cells.
- Multinucleated cells indicate that nuclear division progresses and cytokinesis is inhibited, and the presence of nuclei of different sizes indicates abnormal fission and doubling of the nuclear chromosome due to the skipping of the M phase.
- NtmybAl and Nt; inybA2 are suppressed have an effect on the steps of entry, progression, and termination of M phase. From the above, it becomes clear that NtmybAl and NtmybA2 are genes essential for normal progression of M phase.
- the DM content in the nucleus in the leaf of the tobacco plant individual in which the expression of the endogenous KmyMl and NtmybA2 of (2) is suppressed is measured. Cut the leaf three upper layers from the inoculated leaf, add nuclei extraction buffer contained in 1 ml of Cystain UV Precise P (High Resolution DNA staining kit> Pratec) in a petri dish, and use a razor blade. And shred for 1 minute. After maintaining at room temperature for 10 minutes, the solution was filtered using Partec Cell Tries Disposable filter units (50 mesh, manufactured by Pi; atec), and the filtrate was added to Cystain UV Precise P (High Resolution DNA staining kit, manufactured by Pratec). Add 2 ml of the included staining buffer. The measurement is performed using Ploi dy Analyzer PA (Pratec).
- pBI121 (manufactured by Clontech) is shown as type II and shown as SEQ ID NO: 61 (5'-GGAATTCGTGTGATATCTACCCGCT TCG-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 61) and SEQ ID NO: 62 (5'-CGGGATCCGTTTTTCACCGAAGTTCATGC-3'; SEQ ID NO: 62) PCR was performed using the primers to amplify the MA fragment containing the GUS 0RF. After digesting this DNA fragment with EcoRI and BamHI, pBluescrip1; II (SK +, manufactured by Stratagene) was inserted into the site generated by digestion with EcoRI and BamHI to construct pGUSl.0.
- a PCR reaction was performed using OH60 as a type II primer A2ia3 (5, -TTGAATTCCAAGTCTTGGGCTTGACAGAAGAG-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 63) and primer A2ia5 (5'-TTCTCGAGAAGCTTCGTCAAGAATCATTCTCTGATCTG-3'; SEQ ID NO: 64).
- the obtained DM fragment encoding a part of NtmybA2 was digested with EcoI and Xhol. This DNA fragment was inserted into a site generated by cutting pGUSl.0 with EcoKI and Xhol to construct PGUS-A2.RNM-a.
- a PCR reaction was carried out using the primer A2ib3 (5'-TTGGATCCAAGTCTTGGGCTTGACAGAAGAG 3 '; SEQ ID NO: 65) and the primer A2ib5 (5, -CCTCTAGACTAGTGTCGACCGTCAAGAATCATTCTCTGATCTG-3'; SEQ ID NO: 66) with 0H60 as the type II.
- a DM fragment encoding a portion of NtniybA2 was cut with BamHI and Xbal. This DNA fragment was inserted into a site generated by cutting pGUS-A2. MAi-a with BamHI and Xbal to construct GUS-A2.Ki.
- PCR reaction was carried out using primer Bia3 (5'-TTGAATTCTTGTTGCCTGATAAGGTCGTCTC-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 67) and primer -Bia5 (5'-TTTCTCGAGAAGCTTGAATTTGCCTAGTAGGTTAGTGC-3'; SEQ ID NO: 68) with 0H88 as type I,
- primer Bia3 5'-TTGAATTCTTGTTGCCTGATAAGGTCGTC-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 67
- primer -Bia5 5'-TTTCTCGAGAAGCTTGAATTTGCCTAGTAGGTTAGTGC-3'; SEQ ID NO: 68) with 0H88 as type I
- the obtained MA fragment encoding a part of NtmybB was digested with EcoRI and Xhol. This MA fragment was inserted into a site generated by cutting pGUSl.O with EcoBI and Xhoi to construct pGUS-B.RNAi_a.
- PCR reaction was carried out using primer 1 Bib3 (5′_TTGGATCCTTGTTGCCTGATAAGGTCGTCTC-3 ′; SEQ ID NO: 69) and primer Bib5 (5′-CCTCTAGACTAGTGTCGACGAATTTGCCTAGTAGGTTAGTGC-3 ′; SEQ ID NO: 70) with 0H88 as type I,
- primer 1 Bib3 5′_TTGGATCCTTGTTGCCTGATAAGGTCGTCTC-3 ′; SEQ ID NO: 69
- primer Bib5 5′-CCTCTAGACTAGTGTCGACGAATTTGCCTAGTAGGTTAGTGC-3 ′; SEQ ID NO: 70
- This DM fragment was inserted into a site generated by digesting pGUS-B.RMi-A with BamHI and Xbal to construct pGUS-B.RMi.
- RMi was digested with Hindlll and the MA fragment cut out was inserted into the site generated by digesting pPZP211-35S with Hindlll to construct PPZP211-35S: A2RMi.
- pGUS-B The pGUS-B. ENAi was cleaved with Hindlll and Sail and the MA fragment cut out was inserted into the site generated by cutting pPZP211_35S with HindIII and Sail to construct pPZP211-35S: B: RNAi.
- pPZP211-35S: A2RNAi, and pPZP211-35S: B: NAi are expressed by the CaMV 35S promoter, in which the partial sequence of mybA2 or the partial sequence of NtmybB is expressed in inverted repeats, and the partial sequence of NtmybA2 in the plant, or
- This is a plasmid vector in which the partial sequence of NtmybB takes the form of a double-stranded KM, and is a binary vector capable of transforming a plant by the agrobacterium method. Plants transformed with these plasmids can select transformants by using kanamycin.
- the double-stranded RNA expressed can produce an RNAi effect on MmyM2 or MmybB.
- PPZP211-35S A2 intestine i
- pPZP211-35S B: Plasmid that is substantially equivalent in function to RNAi Can be constructed as follows. PP35S is cleaved with SacII and Kpnl and cut out after blunting the protruding ends using ⁇ 4 MA Polymerase.]) M fragment is generated by cutting PPZP211 with EcoRI and Hindlll and then blunting the protruding ends using the Klenow fragment. PGUS-A2. Construction of pPZP211-P35S PGUS-A2.
- pPZP211-P35S A2 thigh i
- A1 is a CaMV 35S promoter that expresses a partial sequence of NtmybA2 or a partial sequence of NtmybB in an inverted repeat, and a partial sequence of NtmyM2 in a plant.
- it is a plasmid vector in which the partial sequence of NtmybB is in the form of a double-stranded RNA, and is a binary vector capable of transforming a plant by the Agrobacterium method. Plants transformed with these plasmids can select for transformants by using kanamycin.
- PPZP21 1-35S A2RMi
- pPZP21 35 35S: B: RNAi or pGZ211 as a vector control agronocterium tmmeffaciens LBA4404
- the tobacco cultured cell BY2 was transformed via the strain (Agorbacterium tumefacience LB A4404 strain).
- ummefasciens LBA4404 in YEB medium for 2 days was mixed, and co-cultured at 25 ° C in the dark. Two days later, the tobacco cultured cells BY2 are washed with LSD liquid medium, and then seeded on LSD-0.2 gel light medium containing kanamycin SOO g / ml and carbenicillin 300 g / mL. C. Culture was performed in the dark. The expression levels of NtmybA2 and MybB in kanamycin-resistant calli obtained 22 days later were confirmed by RT-PCE. From these calli, total RNA was extracted using Imdtrogen Trizol reagent (Invitrogen).
- cDM was synthesized using Superscript First-strand synthesis system for ET-PCR (Invitrogen? ⁇ ).
- a primer was used to detect the primer: 0H60DB1 (5'-CCGGATCCTTCCAGTTCAGCACCATGCTCTG-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 73) and primer OH60DS6 (5'-CCGTCGACCTAAGAGATCTGATAGTTCGATG-3') SEQ ID NO: 74) was used.
- the primer 0H88Bam5 (5'-CCGGATCCTTCCTCAGTAAAGAAAAGATTG AACTTG-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 71) and the primer 0H88DS2 (5'-CCGTCGACTTAACAGTTAGGATCATTAA CAG-3'; SEQ ID NO: 72) were used to detect and detect NtmybB cMA.
- a PCR reaction was performed using 1 ⁇ l of 50 ⁇ l of the synthesized cDM. The reaction was performed using Ex taq (Takara), using the reaction buffer attached to Ex taq, 0 ⁇ 1? Of 20011, dTTP, dCTP, dGTP, and each primer at 1 ⁇ M, and The test was performed with a liquid volume of 1.
- the nuclear DNA content was measured.
- the method is as follows: For each callus stored frozen, use Cystain UV Precise P (High Resolution DNA staining kii, manufactured by Pratec) i. Was added and mixed after dissolving. After maintaining at room temperature for 10 minutes, the solution was filtered using Partec Cell Tries Disposable filter units (50 ⁇ mesh, manufactured by Pratec), and the filtrate was added with Cys: ain UV Precise P (High Resolution DNA staining kit Pratec). 2 ml of the staining buf fer contained in Pico was added. The measurement was performed using Ploidy Analyzer PA (Pratec).
- the PPZP21 35 S: A2 Ai transformed callus has an increased 4 C peak indicating the chromosome in S phase and G2 phase, and is further recognized in the vector control. 8C peak showing nucleus with doubled chromosome not found
- the callus transformed with pPZP211-35S: BI-NAi in which the expression of NtmybB was suppressed, had a decreased 4C peak indicating the chromosome in S phase and G2 phase (Fig. 10).
- the decrease in 4C indicates that the S and G2 phases have been shortened, that is, the entry into the M phase has been accelerated.
- Suppressing NtmybB expression accelerates the expression of genes essential for M-phase entry, or increases the expression level, thereby promoting entry into M-phase, resulting in a shorter cell cycle.
- cell proliferation was promoted and the callus became large.
- the MA fragment obtained by cleaving OH60 with Sail was inserted into the site generated by cleaving pPZP211-35S with Sail to construct PPZP211-35S: A2.
- the MA fragment obtained by cutting pEXP-NtmybA2T2 with Sail was inserted into the site generated by cutting pPZP211-35S with Sail to construct PPZP211-35S: A2T2.
- PPZP211-35S: A2 and pPZP211-35S: A2T2 are plasmid vectors that express NtniyM2 and N3 ⁇ 4yM2T2, respectively, by the CaMV 35S promoter, and are binary plasmids that can be used to transform plants by the agrobacterium method. Vector. Plants transformed with these plasmids can select for transformants by using kanamycin.
- PPZP211-35S A plasmid having substantially the same function as A2T2 can be constructed as follows. P35S-NtmybA2T2, or the MA fragment obtained by cleaving OH60 with Sail, is inserted into the site generated by cleaving PZP211-P35S with Sail, and pPZP21 to P35S: A2T2 and pPZP211-P35S: A2 To construct. 2) Transformation of cultured tobacco cell BY2
- pPZP211-35S A2
- pPZP211-35S Agrobacterium carrying pZP211 as a vector control or pZP211 as a vector control strain 'L. Transformation of cultured tobacco cell BY2 was performed through Agorbacterium tumefacience L BA4404 strain). Transformation of BY2 cells was performed by the method described in Example 11 (2). The expression levels of ⁇ of MmybA2 and NtmybA2T2 of kanamycin-resistant calli obtained after 22 days were confirmed by ⁇ -PCK.
- CDNA was synthesized using Superscript; First-strand syntesis system for RT-PCR (Invitrogen) with waking as type II.
- detection of NtmybA2 and MmybA2T2 was performed using primer OH60DB1 (5, -CCGGATCCTTCCAGTTCAGCACCATGCTCTG-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 73) and primer 0H60DS6 (5, -CCGTCGACCTAAGAGATCTGATAGTTCGATG-3'; SEQ ID NO: 74) was used.
- a PCK reaction was performed using 11 of the synthesized cDNAs 501.
- the reaction was performed using Extaq (Taliara), using a reaction buffer attached to Extaq, 200 M each of dATP, dTTP, dCTP, dGTP, and each of the primers in a volume of 501. .
- the steps of 93 ° C for 30 seconds, 56 ° C for 1 minute, and 73 ° C for 1 minute were repeated 24 cycles.
- the expression of NtniyM2 was higher in the calli obtained by transforming PPZP211-35 S: A2 compared to the vector control.
- pPZP211-35S Expression of NtmybA2T2 was confirmed in calli obtained by transforming A2T2.
- the nuclear MA content was measured to examine the cell cycle of the cells constituting these calli.
- the method was performed in the same manner as (3) in Example 11 described above.
- the callus constantly expressing NtmybA2 showed a decrease in the peak of 4 C indicating the chromosome in S phase and G2 phase. This tendency was more pronounced in calli that constantly expressed N1 ⁇ 4ybA2T2, a mutant with improved transcriptional activation of NtmybA2 (Fig. 13).
- the MA fragment obtained by cleaving 0H88 with Sail was inserted into the site generated by cleaving pPZP211 with Sail to construct PPZP211-35S: B.
- PPZP211-35S: B.RMi plasmid described in (3) of Example 11 was used.
- PPZP211-35S: B plasmid was used to produce transgenic tobacco in which NtmybB is constantly expressed. Nicotiana bacterium by the leaf-disc method via pPZP211-35S: B. RNAi, pPZP211-35S: B, or Agrobacterium ppmefaciens LBA4404 strain gorbacterium tumefacience LBA4404 strain carrying pPZPSll as a vector control or pPZPSll, respectively. Cultivar SRKNico tiana tabacum ver. SRI) was transformed.
- the obtained kanamycin-resistant individuals were cultivated to obtain self-fertilized seeds.
- the obtained seeds are sterilized with ethanol and hypochlorous acid, and then cultured in MS-0.2% gel light containing kanamycin 50 Cig / mL.
- the seeds were sown on the ground and grown under continuous lighting at 28 ° C.
- Kanamycin-resistant individuals obtained 12 days after cultivation were transplanted into soil, and plants were grown under continuous lighting at 28 ° C for 25 days. Changes in the expression level of NtmybB ⁇ in the obtained kanamycin-resistant individuals were confirmed by -PCE.
- Invitrogen Trizol from the plant fresh weight 0.5 to 0.8 g) on day 22 after seeding
- EM was extracted using reagent (Invitrogen).
- the cDM was established using the Superscript First-strand syntesis system (RT-PCI Invitrogen).
- RT-PCI Invitrogen the Superscript First-strand syntesis system
- NtmybB cDNA was detected using primers 0H88Bam5 (.5'-CCGG ATCCTTCCTCAGTAAAGAAAAGATTGAACTTG-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 71) and primer 1 0H88DS2 (5'-CCGT CGACTTAACAGTTAGGATCATTAACAG-3'; No .: 72) was used.
- transgenic tobacco (# 6) line that constantly expresses NtmybB the growth was suppressed compared to the vector control, and the transgenic tobacco in which endogenous NtmybB was suppressed by RNAi (# 2) ) Promoted growth compared to the vector control (Fig. 14). Because NtmybB suppresses the expression of genes required for progression to the M phase, in transgenic plants overexpressing NtmybB, the delay in entry and progression to the M phase leads to suppression of cell division and the time required for the cell cycle. It is considered that the phenotype of growth was suppressed as a result of prolonged expression.
- the amino acid sequences of the MmybAl protein, NtmybA2 protein, and 0s3KmybAl protein are optimally aligned and the results of comparison are shown in FIGS.
- the region (631-1042 amino acid) that negatively regulates the transcription activation ability of the NtmybA2 protein shown in Example 6 and the transcription activation ability The amino acid sequence also showed high similarity in the region (413-630 amino acids) that promotes motility.
- NtmybAl, NtmybA2, and 0s3EmybAl which function as transcription activators, have high amino acid similarity in the region that regulates the transcription activation ability, indicating that they have the same control mechanism.
- the positions of various deletion regions of N'traybA2 shown in Example 6 and the corresponding regions of NtrayMl and 0s3RmybAl protein are indicated by arrows in FIGS.
- NtmyM2 It is a mutant of NtmyM2, which shows high transcriptional activation ability.
- NtmybA2Tl, NtmybA2T2, and NtmybA2T3 a particularly high amino acid similarity to NtmybAl and 0s3RmybAl was observed, and amino acids conserved in the three proteins.
- the sequence is ⁇ myM2Tl, the sequence shown by TPSM! Offl! Near the deletion region is MmyM2T2 or NXXTPXRL (SEQ ID NO: 90), and if NtmybA2T3 is PPRFPSXDXPF (SEQ ID NO: 90) No .: 91) (X represents an arbitrary amino acid).
- a mutant having the same function as N1; mybA2Tl, NtmybA2T2, or NtrayM2T3 can be produced by deleting the C-terminal side from these conserved sequences.
- FIGS. 19 to 25 show the results of comparing the amino acid sequences with the amino acid sequences in an optimal manner and comparing the similarities of the amino acid sequences.
- AtMYB3El and AtMYB3R4 show high similarity to the amino acid sequences of NtmybAl, NtmybA2, and 0s3EmybM in the myb-like DM binding region, and are important for controlling the transcriptional activation ability of Ntmy2. High similarity was also observed in certain areas.
- SILX! KEXR XLUOPnXsX XXsKK SEQ ID NO: 94, where X is any amino acid, J is I, V,
- L is any one amino acid
- 0 S
- T is any one amino acid
- U is V, any one amino acid of L
- chi 5 shows that any one of Amino acids D, E.
- a unique conserved sequence consisting of 22 amino acids was identified. This 0 conserved sequence indicates that AtMYB3Rl and ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 function as transcription activators of the cyclin B gene and NACK1 gene, like NtmybAl, NtmybA2, and 0s3RmybA1.
- the amino acid sequences of AtMY B3K3 and AtMYB3R5 show high similarity to the amino acid sequence of NtmybB in the myb-like DM binding region, and the presence of many similar amino acids in other regions. from binding region four N-terminal Ser to the center SCSSXSX 6 (SEQ ID NO: 95, X in the sequence is any amino acid, X 6 is K, E, D, E, any one of amino H
- the characteristic conserved sequence consisting of 7 amino acids was identified. This conserved sequence is not found in the amino acid sequences of AtMYB3Rl, A «YB3B4, NtmybA NtmybA2, and 0s3BmyMl. It is shown that.
- 3Emyb is structurally present in the myb superfamily of plants It occupies a special position in function, and is apparently a factor that regulates transcription of the cyclin B ⁇ gene and the NACK1 gene. It was also found that within the 3Rmyb family, it was possible to separate the transcription-activating subfamily and the transcription-repressing subfamily based on the sequence similarity.
- 3Emyb used for the amino acid sequence comparison was isolated from Physcomitrella patens, MYB3E-KGenBank accession no. AAF78888, SEQ ID NO: 79, and described as PhpMYB3E-1 in FIGS. 29 to 31) and Adiantum r addianum. AAF67053, SEQ ID NO: 80, described as AdrMYBSR-1 in Figures 29-31) ', MYB3E-KGenBank accession no.
- AAF78890 isolated from Hordeum vulgare, SEQ ID NO: 81, Figure 29- 31 described as ⁇ 3 ⁇ -1), MYB3E-GenBank accession no. AAF67050 isolated from Secale cereale, SEQ ID NO: 82, described as Sc MYB3E-1 in FIGS. 29-31), isolated from Papaver rhoeas putative Myb-related domain CGenBank accession no. AAF43043.
- SEQ ID NO: 83 described as ParMYB3R-l in Figures 29-31, AtMYB3Rl (described as ⁇ 3 ⁇ -1 in Figures 29-31), AtMYB3E3 (33 ⁇ in Figures 29-31) -3), AtMY B3R4 (A «YB3R-4 in Figures 29-31), At MYB3E5 (described as A1; MYB3E-5 in FIGS. 29 to 31), MmybAl NtmybA2 MmybB 0s3RmybAl ⁇ hen h c-myb (swissprot accession no. P10242 ⁇ distribution 'J number: 88) o Adiantum raddianunu Hordeum vulgare Since the cMA isolated from cereale is a fragment, the first repeat constituting the myb DNA binding region is not shown in full length.
- the human c_myb protein (swissproi; accession no. P10242; SEQ ID NO: 88) is encoded by the amino acid sequence from position 43 to position 192, and the amino acid sequence of 3Rniyb isolated from the aforementioned plant. Are arranged in the optimal form. In plant 3Rmyb, the full length of the myb DNA binding region was included, but not Adiairtum raddiaminu Hordeum vulgare ⁇ except for Secale cerealeii. The Aligned Score indicating the similarity of the amino acid sequence by comparison with C-myb is shown below.
- the Aligned Score is 62 for NtmybAl, 65 for mybA2, 60 for MmybB, 64 for MMYB3E1, 64 for A1: MYB3R3, 63 for AtMYB3R4, 66 for ⁇ 3 ⁇ 5, 66 for PhpMYB3R-1, 66 for PhpMYB3R-1, 66 for ParMYB3R-1, and 60 for 0s3RmybAl.
- the value was shown. From the above, it became clear that the myb D binding region of plant 3Rmyb is highly conserved with c-myb. In addition, it was revealed that plant 3Rmyb showed an Aligned Score of 60 or more compared to c_myb in the myb MA binding region.
- MYB # l Myb DNA-binding domain repeat signature in the search results using the MOTIF program (http: // motif. Geno me. Ad.jp/) 1.
- the three repeats of c myb (consensus sequence that constitutes the myb DNA-binding region shown in parentheses, the sequence shown by the bold black line in the figure) are repeated three times across any 42 amino acids. (The number of amino acids between the arrows in the figure)
- X is any amino acid
- J is any one of I, V and L
- 0 is any one of G, S, T, C and A.
- One of ⁇ Mi Amino acids, X 7 is K, R, H
- Any one amino acid, U is H, W, Y, any one of the amino acids F, X 5 is D,
- E indicates any one of the amino acids.
- PCE using degenerate primers and nested PCR are combined.
- the degenerate primer to be used perform the first PCR with the primer set shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 and SEQ ID NO: 2.
- the first reaction solution is used as the second PCK type II.
- the primer set shown in SEQ ID NO: 3 and SEQ ID NO: 4. Use the second PCR reaction mixture as the third PCR reaction.
- the primer set shown in SEQ ID NO: 5 and SEQ ID NO: 6 can be used to obtain DNA encoding a part of the my b MA binding region. It is possible.
- the 5 ′ RACE method and the 3 ′ RACE method with reference to the base sequence of the obtained DM fragment, it is possible to determine the base sequences of the 5 ′ end and 3 ′ end of full-length cMA.
- By designing a primer with reference to the terminal sequence obtained by the RACE method and performing a PCE reaction it is possible to obtain full-length cMA.
- tissues and cells in which cell proliferation is active include callus and cultured cells derived from a target plant, or a budding plant, a shoot tip, a root tip, and the like.
- Plant 3Rmyb plasmid (10 ⁇ g / sample), NAC 1 promoter-LUC plasmid (10 g / sample), R-LUC plasmid (lg / sample)
- the plasmid (i) or the combination of (ii) shown in the above is introduced into a protoplast prepared from tobacco cultured cell BY2, and the LUC activity and B-LUC activity are measured. If the LUC activity (LUC specific activity) normalized by K-LUC activity is increased in the combination of (i) compared to (ii), it shall be specified that the plant 3Rmy b used is a transcriptionally activated form Can be. In addition, when the LUC specific activity decreases in (i), it is possible to determine that the plant 33 ⁇ 4iyb used is a transcription-repressing type, as compared with (ii). LUC activity and K-LUC activity can be measured by the method described in Example 3. Example 19
- NtmybB Suppresses transcription of G2 / M phase-specific expressed gene using a promoter specifically expressed in the male reproductive organ.
- plasmids described in International Application No.PCT / JP02 / 12268, pENTEAVP1 and pENTR0.6 are plasmids into which the promoter of the Arabidopsis AtNACK2 gene or the Arabidopsis AVP1 gene has been inserted, respectively.
- the primer is Hindlll-NACK2-575S (5, -CCCAAGCTTCTCGTTAAGA ACCCTTGATC-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 86), and the primer CK2 + 3A + 2 (5, -GCCATCTTCTACACACAAA ATCGAAACC-3'; SEQ ID NO: Perform PCR using 87). ⁇ A site generated by cutting the broadened DM fragment with Hindlll and cutting pEXP-NtmybB with Sail and EcoRV simultaneously with the NtmybB MA fragment and pUC18 (Takara) with Sail and Hindlll And construct pUC-P1-NtmybB and pUC-0.6-MmybB.
- pBI-PAVP1-MmybB is a binary vector capable of transforming a plant by the agrobacterium method in which NtmybB is expressed by the P1 promoter.
- pBI-NO.6-MmybB is a plasmid vector capable of transforming plants by the Agrobacterium method in which NtmybB is expressed by the AACK2 promoter. Plants transformed with these plasmids can be selected using kanamycin.
- Agrobacterium turaefacience (Agrobacterium turaefacience) is transformed using the two types of binary vectors constructed in the above (1), and each agrobacterium holding these plasmids is used.
- Arabidopsis thaliana type Col-0 is transformed by the Floral dip method (similar to Example 8 above). Seeds obtained from flower buds infected with Agrobacterium are sterilized using hypochlorous acid and sterile water, and kanamycin 50 Seed on MS medium containing 100 g / ml carpenicillin. Select transformed plants that can grow on kanamycin-supplemented media.
- a promoter specifically expressed in the male reproductive organ to suppress transcription of G2 / M-phase-specific expressed genes
- a brasmid that expresses the NtmybB gene By transforming plants with a brasmid that expresses the NtmybB gene, cells in the male reproductive organ It is possible to create plants with altered growth, suppressed normal pollen formation and reduced seed fertility.
- plasmid As a gene having specific expression in the male reproductive organ, Arabidopsis thaliana AVP1 gene or Arabidopsis thaliana AtMCK2 gene is used, and the promoter region of these genes is used for plasmid construction.
- the DNA encoding the promoter region of these genes includes the promoter region incorporated in the plasmid of pENTRAVPi VPl described in International Application No.PCT / JP02 / 12268) and pENTRO.6 (AtNK2). Can be used. Code NtmybB]) NA can be adjusted from 0H88.
- Fragments were inserted into the pBI121i (Clontech) region from which the CaMV 35S promoter and GUS gene had been removed, and a plasmid in which the AVP1 promoter, NtmybB, and Nos terminator were functionally fused, or AtNACK2 Construct a plasmid in which the promoter, NtmybB and Nos terminator are functionally fused.
- These plasmids are binary vectors capable of transforming plants via Agrobacterium, in which NtmybB is expressed by the AVP1 promoter or AtNACKl promoter, and the resulting transformed plants are selected using kanamycin. It is possible.
- Agrobacterium tumef science was transformed using the plasmid obtained in the above (1), and the Floral dip method (Example 8 described above) was performed using each agrobacterium carrying these plasmids.
- NtmybA Growth modification of transgenic tobacco with suppressed expression of NtmybA2
- DM in which the sequence of a part of the DNA of NtmybAK or MmyM2, or both MmyMl and MmybA2 is connected so as to form an inverted repeat. If you are hitting the inversion, insert a MA that codes the GUS as a spacer between the iterations.
- the DNA in which the CaMV 35S promoter, ENAi MA, and Nos evening promoter are functionally fused is inserted into pBI-RHL plasmid, using the MA arranged in the inverted repeat as EMi DM.
- plasmids are plasmids that can be transformed by the CaMV 35S promoter into NtmybAl or MmybA2, or an agrobacterium expressing RM encoding both NtmybAl and NtmybA2 in a double-stranded form. Converted plants can be selected for hygromycin. In the resulting transformed plant, the expression of the two proteins UNA was triggered, and the expression of NtmyMl or NtmybA2, or both NtmybAl and NtmybA2, which are endogenous in the plant, was reduced, that is, the effect of RNAi was obtained. It is possible.
- transgenic tobacco in which the expression of the transcriptionally active endogenous MmyMl, endogenous NtmyM2, and both endogenous NtmybM and NtmyM2 using RMi is suppressed is suppressed.
- Plasmid pBHL described in International Application No. PCT / JP02 / 12268 was digested with Apal, and the protruding end was blunted using T4 DM polymerase, followed by self-ligation to construct pBHL2.
- pML2 was cut with Xhol, and the protruding end was blunt-ended using a Klenow fragment, followed by self-ligation to construct pL3.
- pRHL4 was constructed by cutting pML3 with Spel, blunting the protruding ends using the Klenow fragment, and then performing self-ligation.
- pENTK2B (Invitrogen) is cut with EcoRI, and the DM fragment containing the ccdB force set is cut out. The protruding ends are blunted using the Klenow fragment, and pD0NR201 (Invitrogen) is purified using Xmnl and BsaAI. The site to be generated was inserted to construct pDONR201A Cml. The plasmid in which the inserted DM fragment was opposite to pDONR201A Cml was designated as pD0NE201-Cm3.
- PD0NE201 ⁇ Cml was digested with Apal and Smal, and the cut out MA fragment was digested with Apal and Smal into the site generated by digestion with Apal and Smal to construct pBS-aHatsuP.
- pMu1 (acquired by Yoshihisa Ueno, Assistant Professor, graduate School of Science, Nagoya University) is cut with EcoM, the protruding end of the excised MA is blunted using a Klenow fragment, and pEHL4 is cut with Smal to generate PMGUSRiL was constructed at the site to be inserted.
- PDMGNE201 ⁇ Cm3 was cut with Apal and Nrul, and the cut out MA fragment was inserted into a site generated by cutting pGUSEiL with Apal and Smal to construct pMGUSEiPl.
- pBS-aHatsuP is cut with Apal
- the protruding end is blunted with DNA polymerase
- the MA fragment cut out by cutting with Spel is cut with pGUSRiPl with Xhol
- the protruding end is cut with Klenow fragment.
- the site generated by blunting and further cutting with Spel was inserted to construct PKHGUSMP2.
- pRHGUSRiP2 was cut with Bglll to cut out the DM fragment, and pBI121 was cut with Bglll to remove the cut out DNA fragment. The resulting DNA fragment was removed to construct pBI-GUSI P1.
- the PBS-VMA2 described in (1) of Example 10 was used as a primer to form a primer B1T3 (5′-GGGGAACAAGGTTTGT ACAAAAAAGCAGGCTCAATTAACCCTCACTAAAGGG-3 ′; SEQ ID NO: 41) and a primer B2T7 (5′-GGGG ACCACTTTGTACAGGGATAGAAGGCTGGACTGACTGGGATAC PCR was performed using No. 42) .
- the DM fragment containing a part of NtmybAl and the MA fragment containing a part of NtmybA2 were connected in tandem, and the attBl and attB2 sequences of Gateway system (Invitrogen) were added to both ends. A DNA fragment was obtained.
- the M fragment and the plasmid pBI-GUSRiPl (Invitrogen) were mixed, and a BP reaction was performed using BP Clonasednvitrogen) to obtain a DM fragment containing a part of NtmybAl and a DM fragment containing a part of NtmybA2.
- the DM connected to is inserted into pBI-GUSBiPl so that it is located at the inverted repeat, and pBIHm-A2RMi is constructed.
- the pBS-Ml described in (1) of Example 10 was primed into a type II primer B1T3 (5′-GGGGAACAGGTTTGTAC AAAAAAGCAGGCTCAATTAACCCTCACTAAAGGG-3 ′; SEQ ID NO: 41) and a primer B2T7 (5′-GGGGAC CACTTTGTACGAGGATAGGACTGACTGACTGATAGGACTA) PCE is performed using SEQ ID NO: 42) to obtain a DM fragment containing the attB1 and attB2 sequences of the Gateway system (Invitrogen) added to both ends of the DM fragment containing a part of NtmybAl.
- This MA fragment and plasmid pBI-GUSRiPl (I nvitrogen), perform BP reaction using BP Clonase (Invi1: rogen), insert DM containing a part of NtmybAl into pBI-GUSEiPl so that it is located at the inverted repeat, and add pBIHm-MBMi. To construct.
- pBS VA2 described in (1) of Example 10 as a type II primer B1T3 (5, -GGGGGACAAGTTTGTAC AAAAAAGCAGGCTCAATTAACCCTCACTAAAGGG -3 '; SEQ ID NO: 41) and a primer B2T7 (5'-GGGGAC CACTTTGTACAAGAAAGCTGGGTCGGGCGATAGAGATACGATAGATACGATAGCGATACGATAGAGATACGAGCGCTCGATACGAGGCTGGGTCGATACG : 42) to obtain a DNA fragment obtained by adding the ati; B1, attB2 sequence of the Gateway system (Invitrogen) to both ends of the MA fragment containing a part of NtmybA2.
- This DM fragment and plasmin pBI-GUSRiPl are mixed, and BP reaction is performed using BP Clonase (Invi1; rogen), and DM containing a part of NtmybA2 is located at the inverted repeat in pBI-GUSEiPl. And construct pBIHm-A2EMi.
- pBIHnrAlA2BMi is RNA encoding both NtmybAl and NtmybA2
- pBIHm-AlEMi is EM encoding MmybAl
- pBIHm- is RNA encoding NtmybA2
- the CaMV 35S promoter is RNA. It is a binary vector that can be transformed by the Globacterium method, which expresses in a more double-stranded form, and the transformed plant can be selected with hygromycin.
- the expressed double strand is a trigger, and in the plant body, both the endogenous MmybAl and NtmybA2 in (i), (ii ), The expression level of endogenous NtmyMl is decreased, and (i ii), the expression level of endogenous NtmyM2 is decreased. It is possible to obtain the effect of Mi.
- Agrobacterium tumeiacience was transformed with the plasmid of (i) to (xiii), and Nicotiana tabacum cultivar SRKNicotiana tabacuni ver. was transformed with each of the agrobacterium carrying the plasmid.
- SR1 is transformed by the leaf disk method.
- a mutant whose transcriptional activity is increased due to deletion of the amino acid sequence at positions 579 to 1003, deletion of the amino acid sequence at positions 641 to 1003, and deletion of the amino acid sequence at positions 715 to 1003 Can be created. If 0s3EmybAl, a mutant with increased transcriptional activity due to deletion of the amino acid sequence from 575 to 993, deletion of the amino acid sequence from 635 to 993, or deletion of the amino acid sequence from 709 to 993 You can do it.
- transcriptional activation was increased by deletion of the amino acid sequence at positions 583 to 776, deletion of the amino acid sequence at positions 621 to 776, and deletion of the amino acid sequence at positions 691 to 776. Mutants can be created.
- AtMYB3E4 a mutant with increased transcriptional activation due to deletion of the amino acid sequence from 570 to 961, amino acid sequence from 608 to 961, and deletion of amino acid sequence from 667 to 961 You can do it.
- MmybM a mutant whose transcriptional activation ability has been reduced by deletion of the amino acid sequence at positions 186 to 1003 and deletion of the amino acid sequence at positions 299 to 1003 can be produced.
- 0s 3RmyMl a mutant having a reduced transcriptional activation ability can be created by deletion of the amino acid sequence at positions 203 to 993 and deletion of the amino acid sequence at positions 257 to 993.
- ⁇ 3 ⁇ it is possible to produce a mutant whose transcriptional activity is reduced due to deletion of the amino acid sequence at positions 187 to 776 and deletion of the amino acid sequence at positions 241 to 776.
- iVtMYB3R4 a mutant whose transcriptional activity is reduced by deletion of the amino acid sequence at positions 181 to 961 or deletion of the amino acid sequence at positions 235 to 961 can be produced.
- the ability of the above mutant to activate transcription can be determined by measuring the transcription of the NACK1 promoter during transient expression in BY2 protoplasts by the method described in Examples 3 and 18. These deletion mutants have increased or decreased transcription activation ability as compared to the wild type.
- the resulting hygromycin-resistant individual was cultivated to obtain selfed seeds.
- the self-inoculated seeds obtained from the NtmybA2 transformation lines AW3, AW23, and the GFP transformation line G # 3 were seeded on 13 cm polypots filled with Kureha horticulture soil (Kureha Chemical Co., Ltd.). Cultivation was carried out at 27 ° C. Lighting conditions were 18 hours of illumination and 6 hours of darkness.
- the expression of the introduced parasite in these lines was confirmed by the RT-PCE method.
- the undeveloped apical lobe was sampled from 5 individuals per line, and frtmyM2 was amplified by the method of Example 10 (2) described above.
- the expression level of Ntniy bA2 was increased in the AW23 line compared to the G # 3 line, and overexpression of the introduced gene was confirmed.
- the size of the AW23 transformation line cultivated in (3) above and the true leaf size and epidermal cells of wild-type tobacco were compared.
- the leaves used for the observation were completely developed leaves of the same leaf position for both wild type and AW23. Comparing these leaf sizes, ⁇ 1 ⁇ # 23 was about 80% smaller than the wild type.
- a leaf disk was prepared for observing epidermal cells in this leaf, and decolorization and fixation were performed using a 9: 1 mixture of ethanol and acetic acid. These leaf disks were photographed using a differential interference microscope, and the area of each of 50 epidermal cells was measured. As a result, it became clear that the cell area was reduced by about 45% in # 23 compared to the wild type, and the cell size was reduced in # 23.
- the size of the cells constituting the leaf is 45% smaller in fragile 3, but the size of the leaf is higher and the size of the leaf is 80% smaller. It is considered that the cause of the transformation is that the number of cells is decreasing in addition to the smaller cells. The decrease in cell number is thought to be due to a delay in the cell cycle.
- the Arabidopsis thaliana genome DM extracted by a conventional method was designated as type I, and the primer PAtHB8_lF (5'-AACTGCAGCGGATAAACCAATTTTCAAATGATA-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 96) and the primer PHB8-1700E (5'-CGGGATCCCTTTGATCCTCTCCGATCTCTAT-3'; SEQ ID NO: 97; )
- PAtHB8_lF 5'-AACTGCAGCGGATAAACCAATTTTCAAATGATA-3 '; SEQ ID NO: 96
- PHB8-1700E 5'-CGGGATCCCTTTGATCCTCTCCGATCTCTCTAT-3'; SEQ ID NO: 97;
- SEQ ID NO: 98 AtHB8 promoter GenBank Accession # region using AL161582 89580-91279
- AtHB8 promoter-DM obtained by the PCR reaction was cut with Pstl and BamHI. It also contains a part of Mmy bA2]) M. fragment was cut with BamHI and Ncrtl. These two]) M fragments were inserted into sites generated by cutting pBlues cript (manufactured by S "tratagene) with Pstl and Notl to construct a plasmid pBS-PAtHB8-NtmybA2T2.
- Plasmid pTH2 (Chiu et al., Curr Biol 1996 Mar 1; 6 (3): 325-30) was cut with EcoRI, the protruding ends were blunted with Klenow fragment, and further cut with Notl to cut the N0S terminator. The contained DNA fragment was cut out. This DM fragment was inserted into a site generated by digesting plasmid pENTR2B (manufactured by Invitrogen) with ⁇ and EcoRV to construct plasmid pENTR-NOSTl.
- Plasmid pENTK-PA'tIlB8-NtmybA2T2 was constructed by inserting the DNA fragment cut out by cutting pBS-PAtIIB8-NtmybA2T2 with Sail and Notl into the site generated by cutting pENTR-NOSTl with Sail and Notl. .
- M fragment was ⁇ the site to be generated by cutting the P ENTR-PAtHB8- tm ybA3 ⁇ 4T2 with Spel and smal, to construct plasmid FpENTR-PAtHB8-Ntmyb A2.
- pDBIHm-HB8-Ntmy2 is a plasmid vector that expresses full-length NtmybA2 using the AB8 promoter, and is a binary vector that can be used to transform plants by the agrobacterium method. Plants transformed with these plasmids can select transformants by using hygromycin.
- the above-mentioned plasmid pDBIHni-HB8-NtmybA2 is used to transform an Agrobacterium tumefacience EHA101 strain, and an agrobacterium carrying these plasmids is used.
- transformation was performed on Nicotiana evening Bacum cultivar SEK Nicotiana tabacum ver. SE1) and Nicotiana bensamia (Nicotiana beirtamiana).
- This plasmid controls the expression of the inserted DNA by the CaMV 35S promoter, and the transformant is a binary vector capable of transforming Arabidopsis thaliana by the agrobacterium method of selecting with kanamycin.
- the effect of Ai is obtained by ENA expressed from the transgene, and the expression levels of Atmyb3IU and Atmyb3R4 decrease.
- Arabidopsis thaliana type Col-0 is transformed by the floral dip method (similar to Example 8) using the agrobacterium carrying the plasmid constructed in the above (1).
- Automatic seeds obtained from plants infected with Agrobacterium are sterilized with ethanol and hypochlorous acid, and washed well with sterile distilled water. These seeds are sown and cultivated on MS agar medium supplemented with kanamycin at a concentration of 50 g / ml. Transformed plants are selected as kanamycin resistant individuals.
- the transformants selected in (2) above are raised in pots and cultivated.
- the seeds obtained from these transformed plants are sterilized with ethanol and hypochlorous acid, and washed well with sterile distilled water. Inoculate these seeds on MS agar medium supplemented with kanamycin at a concentration of 50 ⁇ g / ml and cultivate them.
- the DM content of the nucleus is measured in the same manner as described in Example 11 using rosette leaves of individuals grown as kanamycin resistant. Since the Arabidopsis thaliana is diploid, when the DM content of wild-type Arabidopsis is measured, peaks indicating 2C and 4C, and 8C and 16C whose endogenous DM content is increased by enduriduplication are observed.
- the present invention provides a plant gene useful for controlling the plant cell proliferation and controlling the development and differentiation of a plant individual, and a technique for using the same. Development of new plants using this technology ⁇ Development of plant breeding technology.
- a function modification of the plant 3 Eniyb gene • A novel 3 Bmyb gene whose control technology and function are modified, the gene product and related molecules are provided.
- plants 3 Roiyb protein variants ability to activate transcription was significantly improved, molecules that function in a dominant negative Tipu to a transcript of a plant 3 R m yb gene is also provided, can be developed also its use technology.
- n stands for inosine in positions 3, 6 and 15 and for any base in position 21
- SEQ ID NO 42 Oligonucleotide to act as a primer for PCR
- SEQ ID NO 44 Oligonucleotide to act as a primer for PCR
- SEQ ID NO 45 Oligonucleotide to act as a primer for PCR
- SEQ ID NO 46 Oligonucleotide to act as a primer for PCR
- SEQ ID NO 47 Oligonucleotide to act as a primer for PCR
- SEQ ID NO 48 Oligonucleotide to act as a primer for PCR
- SEQ ID NO: 54 DDBJ Acsession # AB056124, NtmybB (DDBJ Acsession # BAB70512)
- SEQ ID NO 56 Oligonucleotide to act as a primer for PCR
- SEQ ID NO 64 Oligonucleotide to act as a primer for PCR
- SEQ ID NO 65 Oligonucleotide to act as a primer for PCR
- SEQ ID NO 70 Oligonucleotide to act as a primer for PCR
- SEQ ID NO: 93 Designed amino acid sequence
- X stands for H, ⁇ Y or F in 18 & 93, for K, H or E in 19, 67, 102, 123, 129, 134 & 150, for S,
- SEQ ID NO: 94 Designed amino acid sequence, X stands for K or R in 4 & 17, for
- SEQ ID NO: 95 Designed amino acid sequence
- X stands for K or R or D or E or H in position 7 and for any amino acid residue in position 5
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (10)
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EP04719645.6A EP1602717B1 (en) | 2003-03-12 | 2004-03-11 | Plant and plant cell having been modified in cell multiplication and development/differentiation |
NZ542274A NZ542274A (en) | 2003-03-12 | 2004-03-11 | Plant and plant cell having been modified in cell multiplication and development/differentiation |
CA2518811A CA2518811C (en) | 2003-03-12 | 2004-03-11 | Plant cells and plant bodies with modified cell growth, development and differentiation |
BRPI0408254-0A BRPI0408254A (pt) | 2003-03-12 | 2004-03-11 | células de plantas e corpos de plantas com crescimento celular, desenvolvimento e diferenciação modificados |
US10/548,484 US7563947B2 (en) | 2003-03-12 | 2004-03-11 | Plant cells and plant bodies with modified cell growth, development and differentiation |
CN2004800128495A CN1788078B (zh) | 2003-03-12 | 2004-03-11 | 细胞增殖、发育分化受到改变的植物细胞和植物 |
AU2004219801A AU2004219801B2 (en) | 2003-03-12 | 2004-03-11 | Plant and plant cell having been modified in cell multiplication and development/differentiation |
ES04719645.6T ES2531479T3 (es) | 2003-03-12 | 2004-03-11 | Plantas y células vegetales que se han modificado en multiplicación celular y desarrollo/diferenciación |
DK04719645.6T DK1602717T3 (en) | 2003-03-12 | 2004-03-11 | PLANT AND PLANT CELLS THAT HAVE BEEN MODIFIED IN A CELL PROMOTION AND DEVELOPMENT / DIFFERENTIZATION |
IL170789A IL170789A (en) | 2003-03-12 | 2005-09-11 | Plant cells and plant bodies with modified cell growth, development and differentiation |
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US (1) | US7563947B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1602717B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1788078B (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2004219801B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0408254A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2518811C (ja) |
DK (1) | DK1602717T3 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2531479T3 (ja) |
IL (1) | IL170789A (ja) |
NZ (1) | NZ542274A (ja) |
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CN103687951B (zh) * | 2011-07-18 | 2019-08-02 | 德福根有限公司 | 对昆虫害虫具有抗性的植物 |
BR112014022704A2 (pt) | 2012-03-13 | 2017-08-22 | Pioneer Hi Bred Int | Método para aumentar a produtividade em plantas sob condições limitadoras de nitrogênio, método para a produção de uma planta transigência, molécula de acido nucleico isolada, cassete de expressão, vetor, método para gerar mutantes de tls1 |
WO2013138358A1 (en) | 2012-03-13 | 2013-09-19 | Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. | Genetic reduction of male fertility in plants |
CA2867377A1 (en) | 2012-03-13 | 2013-09-19 | Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. | Genetic reduction of male fertility in plants |
CN106967670A (zh) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-07-21 | 江苏省农业科学院 | 一种杜梨原生质体的制备方法 |
CN112391395A (zh) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-02-23 | 吉林省农业科学院 | 一种大豆不育基因突变体、应用及大豆不育系的构建方法 |
CN117050154B (zh) * | 2023-10-10 | 2024-04-09 | 广东省农业科学院作物研究所 | 一种提高烟草抗高温、抗旱及耐盐胁迫性能的方法 |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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CN1788078B (zh) | 2010-05-12 |
EP1602717B1 (en) | 2014-12-31 |
RU2005131582A (ru) | 2006-05-10 |
ES2531479T3 (es) | 2015-03-16 |
AU2004219801A1 (en) | 2004-09-23 |
CA2518811A1 (en) | 2004-09-23 |
EP1602717A1 (en) | 2005-12-07 |
US20060107343A1 (en) | 2006-05-18 |
NZ542274A (en) | 2009-08-28 |
PT1602717E (pt) | 2015-02-13 |
IL170789A (en) | 2010-12-30 |
BRPI0408254A (pt) | 2006-03-01 |
CN1788078A (zh) | 2006-06-14 |
US7563947B2 (en) | 2009-07-21 |
DK1602717T3 (en) | 2015-02-16 |
CA2518811C (en) | 2013-09-17 |
EP1602717A4 (en) | 2007-11-07 |
AU2004219801B2 (en) | 2009-08-06 |
RU2349642C2 (ru) | 2009-03-20 |
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