WO2004076601A1

WO2004076601A1 - Water-soluble lubricant, method and apparatus for metal working being suitable for using the same

Info

Publication number: WO2004076601A1
Application number: PCT/JP2003/017004
Authority: WO
Inventors: Keiichi Murata; Atsushi Murakami; Hideo Kanamori; Masato Kaneko; Tahei Okada
Original assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.; Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 2002-12-26
Filing date: 2003-12-26
Publication date: 2004-09-10
Also published as: JPWO2004076601A1; KR20050089854A; CN100582207C; KR101096993B1; TW200422397A; CN101812364A; JP4790272B2; CN101812364B; CN1729279A

Abstract

A water-soluble lubricant for metal working which comprises (A) not less than 0.01 mass % and less than 5 mass % of a metal salt of an organi carboxylic acid exhibiting a property such that when 1 gram thereof placed in a vessel having a bottom area of 50 cm2 is held in a thermostat at 100°C, 80 mass % thereof is vaporized within 10 minutes, (B) 0.05 to 20 mass % of a nonionic surfactant, and water; and a method for metal working which comprises a step of applying the water-soluble lubricant for metal working on at least one surface of a thin metal sheet, and a step of subjecting the thin metal sheet to press working or cutting; and an apparatus for metal working which comprises a section for storing thin metal sheets, a driving means for withdrawing the thin metal sheet, an application means for applying the water-soluble lubricant for metal working on at least one surface of a thin metal sheet, and a working means for press working or cutting. The water-soluble lubricant for metal working is excellent in working performance capability and dryablility, and also is significantly reduced in the load upon the environment. The method and apparatus for metal working is suitable for using the lubricant.

Description

Description Water-soluble lubricant for metal processing, metal processing method and metal processing equipment suitable for its use

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a water-soluble lubricant for metal working, a metal working method and a metal working apparatus suitable for use thereof. Background art

Conventionally, volatile oil-based lubricants have been used for metal processing such as cutting, grinding, and plastic working of aluminum, etc., but the drying properties were not sufficient, and high-temperature drying with hot air was required. . In order to solve this problem, it is conceivable to use an aqueous system. However, if an aqueous system is used, there is a problem that the processing performance is inferior. Therefore, it has been desired to develop a water-based metalworking lubricant which is excellent in drying property while maintaining the machining performance, and to develop a metalworking method and a metalworking apparatus using the lubricant.

By the way, as the water-soluble cutting oil, a composition comprising an alkylene oxide block addition type nonionic surfactant, a carboxylate and water is known (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-218258). However, drying performance and processing performance were insufficient. In order to improve the processing performance, it is necessary to increase the amount of the carboxylic acid salt to be added, but this will not only deteriorate the drying property, but also makes it susceptible to putrefaction. This is necessary, and furthermore, in order to improve the dispersibility of each component, the amount of the nonionic surfactant must be increased, and the drying property is further deteriorated. However, in order to improve the drying property, If the addition amount is reduced, the processing performance deteriorates, so it was necessary to satisfy the trade-offs.

On the other hand, there are various technologies for metal processing methods and metal processing equipment. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 54-91832 discloses a method for manufacturing an inner flame cylinder and an outer flame cylinder of an oil combustor. A method is disclosed in which a stainless steel plate wound in a roll shape is processed while being pulled out, and is annealed and degreased in a conveyor-type continuous drying furnace. Here, a method of manufacturing an aluminum fin with a lubricating film for a heat exchanger using a continuous conveyor processing apparatus including a processing, cutting, and drying furnace process will be described with reference to FIG. -The thin metal plate 101 wound into a roll is pulled out from the end and immersed in an oil path 103 containing a conventionally used oil-based lubricant 102. Lubricant 102 is applied. The oil-based lubricant 102 is supplied from a tank 104 that stores the oil-based lubricant 105 to an oil path 103 via a supply amount control valve 106.

The press die 1 07 is provided with a female die 107 a to 107 d for processing, and the press punch 108 is a female die 1 08 for processing. a to 108 d are provided. The thin metal plate is pressed by a pressing die 107 and a pressing punch 108, and then the cutting cutters 109 a and 109 provided on the cutting dies 109 and 110 are formed. It is cut by 10a.

The drying oven 1 1 1 is for drying the lubricant applied to the thin metal plate, and is generated by a relatively large-capacity heating means 1 1 2 consisting of a heating flame or heater, and a heating means 1 1 2 It has a blower 113 that applies the heated hot air 113a to a thin metal plate.

When using a conventional oil-based lubricant using such a conventional metal processing apparatus, the load on the environment is large due to the oil-based lubricant, and the If the method and working environment were not considered, the health or natural environment of workers could be impaired. In addition, in the case of an aluminum plate having a lubricating film on the surface of the material, there is a problem that processing powder precipitates during processing and adheres to the processing tool, causing damage to the processing tool and impairing the quality of the processed product. I was

In order to solve the above problems, it has been desired to develop a water-soluble lubricant for metal working that has excellent drying characteristics and low environmental impact.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has excellent processing performance and drying properties, and has a very low environmental load. A water-soluble lubricant for metal processing, and a metal processing method and a metal processing apparatus suitable for its use The purpose is to provide. Disclosure of the invention

As a result of repeated studies to achieve the above object, the present inventors have found that a water-soluble lubricant for metal working having a specific property, and a metal working method and a metal working apparatus suitable for the use thereof have the above effects. The present invention has been completed.

That is, the gist of the present invention is as follows.

1. (A) in the container bottom area 50 cm ² 1 g枰Ri up, 1 00 ° and held in a thermostat and C, the organic carboxylic acid metal time until 80 wt% evaporates within one 0 min A water-soluble lubricant for metal working, comprising: 0.01% by mass or more and less than 5% by mass of a salt; (B) 0.05 to 20% by mass of a nonionic surfactant; and water.

2. The metal according to the above-mentioned 1, further comprising (C) 0.1 to 10% by mass of a putrefaction inhibitor and (D) 0.01 to 10% by mass of a metal deactivator. Water-soluble lubricant for processing.

3. (A) The metal salt of an organic carboxylic acid is an alkali metal salt or an alkaline earth metal 3. The water-soluble lubricant for metal working according to the above 1 or 2, which is a metal salt.

4. (A) The organic carboxylic acid in the organic carboxylic acid metal salt is one of a linear saturated fatty acid, a linear monoene unsaturated fatty acid and a dibasic acid having a total carbon number of 8 or more of carboxylic acid residues or 4. The water-soluble lubricant for metal working according to any one of the above items 1 to 3, which is two or more kinds.

5. (B) The water-soluble lubricant for metal working according to any one of the above (1) to (4), wherein the total number of carbon atoms of the nonionic surfactant is 15 or less.

6. (C) The water-soluble lubricant for metalworking according to any one of the above (1) to (5), wherein the putrefaction inhibitor is N- (2-hydroxyxethyl) pidazine and phenols or amines.

7. (D) The water-soluble lubricant for metal working according to any one of the above 1 to 6, wherein the metal deactivator is a triazole compound.

8. The water-soluble lubricant for metal working according to any one of 1 to 7 above, which is for aluminum.

9. A metal working method consisting essentially of a step of applying a water-soluble lubricant for metal working to at least one of the front and back of the thin metal sheet, and a step of pressing and Z or cutting the thin metal sheet.

10. The metal working method according to the above 9, further comprising a step of drying or accelerating the drying of the water-soluble lubricant for metal working attached to the surface of the thin metal plate.

1 1. The metal working method as described in 9 or 10 above, wherein the water-soluble lubricant for metal working is sprayed in a mist form or in a spray form and applied to a thin metal plate.

1 2. The metal according to any one of 9 to 11 above, wherein the water-soluble lubricant for metal working is applied to the thin metal plate immediately before press working or immediately before cutting, or simultaneously with each of the above-mentioned workings. Processing method. 13. The metal working method according to any one of 9 to 12 above, wherein the amount or concentration of the water-soluble lubricant for metal working is set according to the type of the thin metal, the presence or absence of a surface lubricating film, the hardness, and the thickness.

1 4. Set separately the amount or concentration of water-soluble lubricant for metal working applied for press working and the amount or concentration of water-soluble lubricant for metal working applied for cutting. 14. The metal working method according to any one of 9 to 13 above.

15. The metal working method according to any one of the above 7 to 14, wherein the raw material of the water-soluble lubricant for metal working is diluted to a predetermined concentration before the press working and / or the cutting work. .

16. The metal working method according to any one of the above items 7 to 15, wherein the thin metal plate is an aluminum thin plate with a lubricating coating of a fin material for a heat exchanger. .

17. The metal working method according to any one of claims 7 to 16, which uses the water-soluble lubricant for metal working according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

18. Storage section for thin metal, drive means for pulling out the thin metal plate, coating means for applying a water-soluble lubricant for metal working on at least one of the front and back of the thin metal plate, press working and / or cutting work A metal working apparatus consisting essentially of working means, wherein the application means controls the supply amount of the water-soluble lubricant for metal working according to any one of the above 1 to 8 to apply the lubricant to a thin metal plate. A metal working apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned.

19. The metal working apparatus according to the above item 18, wherein the applying means is provided immediately before the working means for performing press working and / or cutting work.

20. The metal working apparatus according to the above item 18 or 19, further comprising drying means at a temperature near normal temperature. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a metal working apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view of a thin metal plate 1 in a processing step of the present invention, FIG. 2B is a detailed cross-sectional view of press working in the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a thin metal plate that has been subjected to press working and cutting work. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a conventional metal working apparatus.

The reference numerals in the figure are as follows.

1: thin metal plate, 2: coating chamber, 3: spray nozzle, 4, 9, 14: water-soluble lubricant, 5: water-soluble lubricant reservoir, 8: water-soluble lubricant preparation machine, 10: water-soluble Lubricant spray amount control pulp, 11: Press die, 12: Press punch, 13: Water-soluble lubricant shower, 15: Water-soluble lubricant pulp 8: Cutting die, 17a, 18a: Cutting force turret, 19: Air blower, 20: Air blow nozzle, 101: Thin metal plate, 102, 105: Oil lubrication Lubricants, 103: Oil-based lubricant application oil pass, 104: Oil-based lubricant tank, 106: Oil-based lubricant supply control valve, 1 1 1: Drying oven, 1 1 2: Heating Means, 1 13: blower for drying oven, 1 13 a: hot air Best mode for carrying out the invention

The water-soluble lubricant for metalworking of the present invention is: (A) weighed into a container having a bottom area of 50 cm ² , held in a thermostat at 100 ° C, and evaporated until 80% by mass evaporates. Metal salt of organic carboxylic acid having a time of not more than 10 minutes 0.01% by mass to less than 5% by mass, (B) nonionic surfactant 0.05 to 20% by mass, and water Features.

The amount of water which is a main component of metal working water-soluble lubricant of the present invention (hereinafter, simply also this that a water-soluble lubricant.) Is a lubricant the basis of the total amount, preferably 8 0-9 9.9 mass ⁰ / ₀ . More preferably 9 0-9 9.9 mass ^_0/0, It is more preferably from 95 to 99.9% by mass, particularly preferably from 97 to 99.9% by mass. If it is less than 80% by mass, the drying property is poor, and if it exceeds 99.9% by mass, the workability is poor.

Next, a metal salt of an organic carboxylic acid, which is a component (A) of a water-soluble lubricant, improves lubricity and can be used without any particular limitation. Organic Power Examples of the organic carboxylic acid in the metal sulfonic acid salt include the following.

(1) Linear saturated fatty acids such as nonanoic acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, behenic acid, etc., (2) 2-methyldecanoic acid, 6-provononanoic acid, 4-methyldodecanoic acid, 12-methyltridecanoic acid Branched saturated fatty acids such as 4-, 4-methyltetradecanoic acid, 2-ethylthiotradecanoic acid, 14-methylheptadecanoic acid, 5-methyloctadecanoic acid, 2-butyloctadecanoic acid, and (3) cis — 2- Nonenic acid, hydrproleic acid, 10-pentadecenoic acid, Linderic acid, 2-tridecenoic acid, 5-tetradecenoic acid, myristrenic acid, cis-6-hexadecenoic acid, trans-9-octadecenoic acid Oleic acid, cis-9-eicosenoic acid, trans-13-linear monoene unsaturated fatty acids such as docosenoic acid, eric acid, etc., (4) 3-methino-1--2-nonenic acid, 5-methino-l2- Pendese Branched monoene unsaturated fatty acids such as acid, 5-methynole-1-tridecenoic acid, 2-propyl-19-octadedecenoic acid, and (5) sorbic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, didic acid, disuccinic acid, etc. Polyunsaturated fatty acids, (6) acetylenic acids such as taliphosphoric acid, stearolic acid, xymenic acid, (7) alicyclic fatty acids such as malparic acid, hydnocarpic acid, and gorlic acid; (8) savininic acid, jarrapinolic acid (9) linear saturated dibasic acids such as adipic acid, azelaic acid, and sebacic acid; and branched saturated dibasic acids such as 7-ethylhexadecane dicarboxylic acid. Acid dibasic acid, (10) Examples thereof include polycarboxylic acids (excluding dibasic acids) such as trimellitic acid, pyromellitic acid, and 1,2,3,4-monobutanetetracarboxylic acid. Among the above organic carboxylic acids, linear saturated fatty acids, linear monoene unsaturated fatty acids, and dibasic acids are preferred. Further, the carboxylic acid residue preferably has a total carbon number of 8 or more, more preferably 12 or more, and still more preferably 16 or more. More specifically, one or two or more of straight-chain saturated fatty acids having a total number of carbon atoms of carboxylic acid residues of 8 or more, straight-chain monoene unsaturated fatty acids, and dibasic acids are preferable. In particular, dibasic acids having a total carbon number of 16 or more of carboxylic acid residues are most preferred.

The metal of the organic carboxylic acid metal salt is preferably an alkali metal such as lithium, sodium and potassium, and an alkaline earth metal such as magnesium and calcium. The metal organic carboxylate may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The compounding amount of the organic carboxylic acid metal salt is from 0.01% by mass to less than 5% by mass based on the total amount of the lubricant. Preferably it is 0.01 to 3% by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 1.5% by mass. If the content is less than 0.01% by mass, the processability is poor, and if it is more than 5% by mass, the drying property is poor.

The water-soluble lubricant for metalworking of the present invention has good drying properties, weighs 1 g in a container having a bottom area of 50 cm ² , holds it in a thermostat at 100 ° C, and evaporates 80% by mass. It takes less than 10 minutes. This factor is determined by various factors as described above.

The water-soluble lubricant of the present invention includes (B) a nonionic surfactant, (C) a decay inhibitor and (C) in order to improve liquid stability (solubilizing performance), rot resistance and corrosion resistance. D) A metal deactivator can be added.

The nonionic surfactant of the component (B) is not particularly limited. To be specific, 2-Echi / Rehexinole Retjjengri Cornole, Dipropylene Gli Cornole, Examples thereof include glycerin, diethyleneglycol hexenolate ether, and otataethyleneglycolnoerphenyl ether. Among them, those having a total carbon number of 15 or less are preferable, those having a total carbon number of 12 or less are more preferable, and those having a total carbon number of 10 or less are further preferable. More specifically, ethylene glycol hexyl ether (total carbon number: 10) and dipropylene glycol (total carbon number: 6) are particularly preferred. As the component (B), one type may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination. The compounding amount is 0.05 to 20% by mass, preferably 0.05 to 10% by mass, more preferably 0.05 to 5% by mass, particularly preferably 0.1 to 5% by mass, based on the total amount of the lubricant. 0 to 1% by mass. If the amount is less than 0.05% by mass, the effect of dispersing other additives is small, and if it exceeds 20% by mass, the effect is small for the amount, and it is economically disadvantageous and the drying property is deteriorated.

There is no particular limitation on the putrefaction inhibitor of the component (C), and various ones can be used. Specifically, 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid anilide compound; mercaptoamide carboxylic acid or a salt thereof; thiazolidine compound such as dimethylthiazolidin, methylthiazolidine, thiazolidine; polyethyleneimine; 2-phosphonobutane 1-, 2-, 4-tricarboxylic acid or a salt thereof; 1-hydroxylcylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid or a salt thereof; tri-n-butyl-1-n-hexadecyl-phosphonium, tri-tri-n-hexadecyl-phosphonium; n-Butyl-1-n-dodecyl-phosphonium, tetraxhydrohydroxymethyl-phosphonium or a salt thereof; N- (2-hydroxexetil) piperazine; hexahydro_1,3,5-tris (2-hydroxyl) Liazin, diethanolanolamine, monoethanolamine, monoreolin, methinoresietanol Amin, triethanolamine § Min, and amines such as dicyclohexyl Amin can be given. Among these, N- (2-hydroxyxethyl) pidazine and amines are particularly preferred. (C) One type of component may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination. The compounding amount is 0.01 to 10% by mass, preferably 0.01 to 2% by mass, and more preferably 0.01 to 0.6% by mass, based on the total amount of the lubricant. If the amount is less than 0.01% by mass, the effect of rot resistance is small. If the amount exceeds 10% by mass, the effect is small for the amount, and it is economically disadvantageous, and the drying property is deteriorated.

The metal deactivator of the component (D) is used to prevent the metal from coming into contact with corrosive substances by adsorbing on the metal surface. The metal deactivator that can be used is not particularly limited, but may be benzotriazole; potassium benzotriazole; 3-aminotriazole, 4-aminotriazole, 2,5-diaminotriazole, or 3-mercapto. Triazole compounds such as triazole and 3-amino-5-triazole; thiazole compounds such as 2-mercaptothiazole and 2-aminothiazole; and imidazole compounds such as 2-mercaptoimidazole and 2-mercaptoimidazole. Can be mentioned. Of these, triazole compounds are particularly preferred. As the component (D), one type may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination. The amount thereof, in lubricants total amount, 0.0 1-1 0% by weight, preferably 0.0 to 2 mass ^_0/0, more preferably 0.0 1 to 0.6 wt% . 0.01 mass. If it is less than / ₀ , the effect of the protection is small, and if it exceeds 10% by mass, the effect is small for the amount and it is economically disadvantageous, and the drying property is also deteriorated.

In the water-soluble lubricant for metal working of the present invention, various additives such as an antioxidant, an antifoaming agent, an antioxidant, a viscosity index improver, and the like, as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired, A pour point depressant or the like can be appropriately contained alone or in combination of two or more.

Here, as the antioxidant, for example, alkylated diphenylamine, Phenyl- _α -naphthylamine, alkylated mono-naphthylamine, etc., amine-based, 2,6-di-t-butynole-ρ-phenylene, such as cresol-one, and sulfur-based, etc. Examples of the antifoaming agent include dimethylpolysiloxane and fluoroether. Examples of the antioxidant include carboxylic acid-based antioxidants, carboxylate ester-based antioxidants, and perchloric alkaline earth metal salts.

The total content of these optional additives is preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the lubricant. The amount of the water-soluble lubricant to be applied is in the range of 3 cc to 12 cc for a thin metal plate having a lubricating film on the surface area of 1 square meter of the thin metal plate. In the case of a thin metal plate not provided on the surface, the range is preferably 3 cc to 35 cc.

If the coating amount is less than 3 cc, the lubricity required for each process cannot be obtained, and the risk of cracking of the thin metal plate in press working increases. On the other hand, if the applied amount is larger than 12 cc or 35 cc, drying is not easy, and the equipment for the drying process may be large.

It is preferable to separately set the amount or concentration of the water-soluble lubricant to be applied for press working and the amount or concentration of the water-soluble lubricant to be applied for cutting.

Further, the dilution ratio for diluting the raw material of the water-soluble lubricant with water is in the range of 30 to 200 in the case of a thin metal plate having a lubricating coating on the surface. In the case of a metal plate, the range of 30 to 100 is preferable.

If the dilution ratio is less than 30, a high-concentration water-soluble lubricant will be used, and it will not be easily dried, which may require a large-scale equipment for the drying process. If the dilution ratio is more than 100 or 200, The lubricity required for working cannot be obtained, and the possibility of cracking of the thin metal plate during press working increases.

As described above, there is a selection range for the amount and concentration of the water-soluble lubricant, and the water-soluble lubricant applied to the thin metal plate depends on the type of the thin metal plate, the presence or absence of a surface lubricating film, the hardness, and the thickness. Therefore, it is preferable to select an optimal amount or concentration of lubricating oil, whereby good lubricating performance can be exhibited without using a wasteful water-soluble lubricant, and costs can be reduced. Next, embodiments of the metal working method and the metal working apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

As an example, the case of a material for aluminum fins used in heat exchangers and the like, which has a hydrophilic coating layer on the surface of the aluminum material and further has a lubricating coating layer thereon. explain.

FIG. 1 is a view showing a metal working apparatus of the present invention. In this apparatus, each of the steps of press working, cutting work, and drying proceeds from left to right in FIG.

The thin metal plate 1 wound into a roll is drawn out by an arbitrary method and introduced into the coating chamber 2. The water-soluble lubricant preparation machine 8 mixes a raw material of the water-soluble lubricant and tap water to prepare a water-soluble lubricant 9 at an arbitrary concentration and temporarily stores the same. The water-soluble lubricant 9 is supplied into the coating chamber 2 via a control valve 10 for controlling the spray amount.

The process of diluting the water-soluble lubricant raw material with water is performed on or near the same site as the pressing and cutting process of the thin metal plate. Can be handled as raw materials, and the weight, volume, and inventory of lubricants managed during the distribution and storage stages can be reduced, and costs can be reduced. In addition, by performing the dilution process immediately before the pressing and cutting processes, the processing of bubbles generated and grown by dilution is achieved. The labor can be reduced.

In the coating chamber 2, a mist-like water-soluble lubricant 4 is jetted from a spray nozzle 3, and the inside of the coating chamber 2 is filled with an atmosphere of the mist-like water-soluble lubricant 4. Then, when the thin metal plate 1 is introduced into the atmosphere of the mist-like lubricant 4, the mist-like water-soluble lubricant 4 is formed on the surface of the thin metal plate 1 with the lubricating coating layer remaining. Attached and applied evenly. At this time, the spray nozzle 3 is installed so as to spray with the back facing the thin metal plate 1 passing through the inside of the coating chamber 2. This is because the water-soluble lubricant 4 is sprayed directly on the thin metal plate 1 to prevent the water-soluble lubricating coating layer (not shown) on the surface of the thin metal plate 1 from melting and peeling off. .

In the present invention, since the water-soluble lubricant is sprayed in a mist or in a mist form and applied to the thin metal plate, the surface of the thin metal plate is evenly lubricated with a minimum amount of the water-soluble lubricant. The cost of the water-soluble lubricant can be reduced.

The excess water-soluble lubricant 4 a provided in the coating chamber 2 is temporarily stored in a lubricant reservoir 5, and when a predetermined amount is accumulated, is applied through a drain pipe 7 provided with a discharge control pulp 6. Exhausted from room 2.

The press die 11 has a female die 11 a to 11 d for processing, and the punch 12 has a female die 12 a to 12 d for processing. Is provided. The thin metal plate is pressed by a press die 11 and a press punch 12. In the press working, the thin metal plate advances by one row of the female mold 11 a-lid or os mold 12 a-l 2 d each time the press machine performs one press operation, and the total After four small steps, the pressing process is completed.

The water-soluble lubricant shower 13 sprays and applies the water-soluble lubricant 14 to a thin metal plate in the form of droplets. Water-soluble lubricant 1 4 is water-soluble lubricant preparation It is supplied from the machine 8 through the shower volume control pulp 15.

At the same time as the pressing process, the water-soluble lubricant 14 sprayed from the lubricant shower 13 is applied directly to the surface of the thin metal plate after the pressing process. Here, the reason that the water-soluble lubricant 14 is directly applied to the surface of the thin metal plate is that the necessity of providing a lubricating coating layer on the surface of the thin metal plate is lower in cutting than in pressing. This is because equipment such as the coating chamber 2 for creating an atmosphere of a mist-like water-soluble lubricant is not required. The excess water-soluble lubricant 14 a is temporarily stored in a lubricant reservoir 16, and is discharged through a drain pipe 7 provided with a discharge control valve 6 when a predetermined amount is accumulated.

In the present invention, the application of the water-soluble lubricant is performed immediately before the press working, as a pre-process of the cutting work, or at the same time as the above-mentioned processing, and the minimum amount of the water-soluble lubricant is applied at the optimum time. Can be added without drying, and the cost of the water-soluble lubricant can be reduced. The cutting dies 17 and 18 are provided with cutting cutters 17a and 18a, respectively, and the thin metal plate is cut by the cutting cutters 17a and 18a.

The air blower 19 for the air blower blows through the nozzle 20 to dry the water-soluble lubricants 4 and 14 on the surface of the pressed and cut thin metal plate. The drying may be performed at a temperature slightly higher than the ambient temperature by using a small-capacity heat source or the like as necessary. By adopting such a blower and using low-temperature drying equipment, simple equipment that does not require conventional large-scale heating and drying equipment can be used. Maintenance costs can be reduced.

Since water-soluble lubricants can be dried by natural drying, if air-drying of the thin metal plate after pressing and cutting is possible, air blow No equipment is needed for the drying process using a blower 19 or the like. However, an existing drying oven or a drying oven with a large capacity heat source may be used to greatly reduce the drying time. .

FIG. 2 (a) is a cross-sectional view of the thin metal plate 1 in the process of processing the thin metal plate 1 by the above-mentioned female dies 11a to 1d and the dies 12a to 12d for press working. is there.

In FIG. 2, a thin metal plate 1 is formed into a spherical shape by forming, step I, a hole 1a is formed by piercing, and a collar lb is provided.Step II, and the collar 1b is extended by eye ing III, The end portion lc of the collar 1b is wrapped around the outside by a flaring process in the order of steps IV to IV.

In the above-mentioned press working, the load on the working tool is large, especially the stress applied to the point A shown in Fig. 2 (b) is the largest. The press die 11 and the punch 12 as tools may be damaged. Therefore, it is important to optimize lubrication during the above series of press working.

Therefore, before press working, the lubricating film on the thin metal plate 1 is not eluted. Water-soluble lubricant 4 is applied by mist spraying to improve lubricity, and after lubrication before cutting, water-soluble The emphasis is on applying the agent 14 to remove foreign matter such as cutting powder.

The pressing tool is preferably made of a cemented carbide containing at least cobalt or nickel as a binder (binding phase metal), and the water-soluble lubricant elutes binder (bonding phase metal) from the pressing tool. It is preferred that the inhibitor that inhibits the dissolution is dissolved.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the thin metal plate after the pressing step and the cutting step. In Figure 3, 1a is the hole pierced, and lb is the eye. The collar extended by anning, and lc is the end of collar 1b that has been rolled out.

In the above description, the mode of processing an aluminum plate has been described. However, the present invention may be applied to a steel plate and a copper plate, and can be applied to any press or cutting of a metal having a thin thickness and requiring a water-soluble lubricant. Can be suitable.

Further, in the first embodiment, the application of the water-soluble lubricant 4 before press working was performed in the form of a mist spray. Since there is no need to consider the dissolution of the layer, the water-soluble lubricant may be applied before pressing by a method of directly immersing the thin metal plate in the water-soluble lubricant or a method of spraying directly in the form of a spray. .

Further, the water-soluble lubricants 4 and 14 are applied immediately before the press working and immediately before the cutting work, but the material of the metal sheet, the working area, the complexity of the working, the presence or absence of the surface lubricating coating and the like. In consideration of the thickness and the like, the adjustment of the application amount and the concentration of the water-soluble lubricant can be arbitrarily set in each of the steps before, during, before, and during the cutting. By doing so, it is possible to maximize the lubricating effect according to each metal, and it is possible to manage the application of the minimum necessary water-soluble lubricant in each process, so that the lubricant Costs can be reduced. The metal processing apparatus according to the present invention includes: a thin metal storage unit; a driving unit that pulls out the thin metal plate; an application unit that applies a water-soluble lubricant for metal processing to at least one of the front and back surfaces of the thin metal plate; Or a metal working apparatus essentially consisting of a processing means for performing a cutting process, wherein the application means controls a supply amount of the metal working water-soluble lubricant according to any one of claims 1 to 8, This is a metal working apparatus characterized in that it is applied to a thin metal plate. The apparatus of the present invention may be any apparatus that can be used for the metal working method described above. The application means should be provided immediately before the processing means for pressing and / or cutting.Furthermore, depending on the purpose of drying at a temperature around room temperature or for a short time, drying at a high temperature of about 150 ° C. It may have a drying means using an oven. Example

Next, the water-soluble lubricant for metalworking of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Examples 1 to: L 0 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3.

(1) Preparation of water-soluble lubricant for metal working

To water, the components shown in Table 1, by blending in the amounts shown in Table 1 based on the lubricant total amount (mass. / _0), to prepare a metal working water-soluble lubricant. In Comparative Example 3, isoparaffins; In (kinematic viscosity at ^{40 ° C 2. 6 mm 2 /} s) and conventional oil-based lubricant consisting of 1 6 of α- Orefin carbon (2 0 mass ^_0/0) is there.

(2) Evaluation of physical properties

Physical properties of each lubricant were evaluated in the following manner. Table 1 shows the results.

① Drying test 1

Weighed the lubricant 1 g prepared in the vessel bottom area 5 0 cm ² (1), after uniformly spread the container bottom, and held in a thermostat at 1 0 0, 8 0 wt% evaporated The time (minutes) required to perform was measured.

② Drying test 2

Weigh 1 g of the lubricant prepared in (1) into a container with a bottom area of 50 cm ² , spread it evenly on the bottom of the container, hold it in a thermostat at 180, and save the remaining amount (mass% ) Was measured.

③ Friction test

The coefficient of friction was determined by the Bowden test.

Test material: bare material (friction test 1) and K S175, pole: S U J 2 (3/16 inch) (friction test 2)

Load: 1 kg (Pmax = 97.6 kPa), speed: 10 mm s, stroke: 40 mm, temperature: room temperature (25 ° C)

④Rotability test

The degree of spoilage was determined from the number of viable bacteria after one week using an easy cult.

〇: light, △: medium, X: strength

鲭 Protection test

Bare material 20 × 50 was immersed in a sample of 30 cc, kept at 60 for 3 days, and observed for corrosion.

⑥ Sample appearance

The state of the sample was observed by visual observation. ―

Factory Table 1—1

Example

1 2 3 4 5 6 Water 96 88 86 93 99.2 88

A 1 4 4 4 2 0.2

A 24 carboxylate

A 3

Distribution A 4

B 1 8 8 4 0.4 Amount

Surfactant B 2 8

B 3

C 1 1 0.5 0.5 1 Antiseptic

C 2

Metal deactivator D 1 1 0.5.1 Drying test 1 4 4 9 5 3 4 Drying test 2 4 4 5 2.5 0.34 Friction test 1 Bare material 0.12 0.12 0 .12 0.13 0.18 0.13 Friction test 2 KS175 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 Putrefaction test Δ △ 〇〇〇 △ Pear pear Pear pear Pear Sample appearance Cloudy Good Good Good Good Good

Table 1 I 2

Note) Ingredients:

A 17-Ethylhexadecanedicarboxylic acid Na salt

A 2 Oleic acid K salt

A 3 Palmitic acid Na salt

A 4 Nonanoic acid Na salt

B 1 diethylene glycol hexyl ether (total carbon number 10) B 2 dipropylene glycol (total carbon number 6)

B 3 octaethylene glycol nonylphenyl ether (total carbon number 31) CIN— (2-hydroxyl) Piperazine

C2 monoreholin

D 1 Benzotriazole

Using the above-mentioned metal processing equipment and a lubricant diluted to 4%, a series of press working and cutting working of the heat exchanger fins for air conditioners and drying for 4 minutes at 160 ° C in a drying furnace were performed. As a result, good results were obtained without any problem in quality assurance. Industrial potential

The water-soluble lubricant for metal working of the present invention is a water-soluble lubricant which has excellent processing performance and drying properties and has an extremely low environmental load, and is suitable as a water-based lubricant for the above-mentioned metal working method and metal working equipment. Can be used for The environmental load is extremely low because of the water-soluble lubricant, and the waste lubricant can be treated without reusing the extra lubricant, so that the water-soluble lubricant can be used stably without changing the composition. There are various effects such as easy handling.

In the metal processing method and the metal processing apparatus according to the present invention, the water-soluble lubricant is applied to at least one of the front and back of the thin metal plate in the pressing or cutting of the thin metal plate. The load can be reduced. Further, since a water-soluble lubricant having excellent drying properties is used, the drying time can be reduced by appropriately using a drying means such as a blowing means in the drying step and the draining step. In addition, the use of a water-soluble lubricant eliminates the possibility of ignition by a lubricating liquid, so that a drying device can be provided close to a press machine, and the line of the device can be shortened.

Further, in the metal working method and the metal working apparatus of the present invention, the water-soluble lubricant is sprayed in a mist form or in a spray form to form a thin metal plate. The thin metal plate surface can be evenly lubricated with a minimum amount of water-soluble lubricant.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be applied to the processing of an aluminum thin plate having a lubricating film of a fin material for a heat exchanger, so that a heat exchanger used for an air conditioner or the like can be efficiently manufactured.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. (A) Weigh 1 g in a container with a bottom area of 50 cm ² , keep it in a thermostat at 100 ° C, and wait for 80% by mass to evaporate within 10 minutes. Water-soluble lubricant for metal processing, comprising: 0.01% by mass or more and less than 5% by mass; (B) nonionic surfactant 0.05 to 20% by mass; and water. .

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising (C) 0.01 to 10% by mass of a putrefaction inhibitor and (D) 0.01 to 10% by mass of a metal deactivator. The water-soluble lubricant for metal working according to the above.

3. The water-soluble lubricant for metal working according to claim 1, wherein (A) the metal salt of an organic carboxylic acid is an alkali metal salt or an alkaline earth metal salt.

4. (A) The organic carboxylic acid in the organic carboxylic acid metal salt is one or more of a linear saturated fatty acid, a linear monoene unsaturated fatty acid and a dibasic acid having a total carbon number of 8 or more of carboxylic acid residues. The water-soluble lubricant for metal working according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is at least one kind.

5. The water-soluble lubricant for metal working according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein (B) the nonionic surfactant has a total carbon number of 15 or less.

6. The water-soluble lubricant for metalworking according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the (C) the antiseptic is N- (2-hydroxyxethyl) piperazine and / or amines.

7. The water-soluble lubricant for metal working according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein (D) the metal deactivator is a triazole compound.

8. The water-soluble lubricant for metallurgy according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is for aluminum.

9. Water-soluble lubricant for metal working on at least one side of thin metal plate And a press working and / or a cutting work of the thin metal plate.

10. The metal application method according to claim 9, further comprising the step of drying or promoting drying of the water-soluble lubricant for metal working attached to the surface of the thin metal plate.

11. The metal working method according to claim 9, wherein the water-soluble lubricant for metal working is sprayed in a mist or sprayed in a mist and applied to a thin metal plate.

12. The water-soluble lubricant for metal working applied to a thin metal plate is applied immediately before press working and immediately before Z or cutting, or simultaneously with each of the above-mentioned workings. Metal processing method.

13. The metal working method according to any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the application amount or concentration of the water-soluble lubricant for metal working is set according to the type of the thin metal, the presence or absence of a surface lubricating film, the hardness, and the thickness.

14 4. The application amount or concentration of the metal working water-soluble lubricant applied for press working and the application amount or concentration of the metal working water-soluble lubricant applied for cutting work are set separately. The metal working method according to any one of 9 to 13.

15. The metal working according to any one of claims 7 to 14, wherein the raw material of the water-soluble lubricant for metal working is diluted to a predetermined concentration before the pressing and the cutting or the cutting. Method.

16. The metal working method according to any one of claims 7 to 15, wherein the thin metal plate is an aluminum thin plate with a lubricating coating of a fin material for a heat exchanger.

17. The metal working method according to any one of claims 7 to 16, wherein the water-soluble lubricant for metal working according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is used.

1 8. Storage section for thin metal, drive means for pulling out the thin metal plate, front A metal working apparatus consisting essentially of a coating means for applying a water-soluble lubricant for metal working on at least one of the front and back of the thin plate, and a working means for performing press working and / or cutting work. A metal working apparatus characterized in that the supply amount of the water-soluble lubricant for metal working according to any one of Items 1 to 8 is controlled to apply the lubricant to a thin metal plate.

19. The metal working apparatus according to claim 18, wherein the applying means is provided immediately before the working means for performing press working and / or cutting work.

20. The metal working apparatus according to claim 18 or 19, further comprising drying means at a temperature near normal temperature.