KR101096993B1 - Water-soluble lubricant, method and apparatus for metal working being suitable for using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a water-soluble lubricant for metal working, which is excellent in processing performance and dryness and has a very low environmental load, a metal working method and a metal working apparatus suitable for use thereof.

The lubricant is (A) 0.01 g% or more and less than 5% by mass of an organic carboxylic acid metal salt having a weight of 1 g weighed in a container having a low area of 50 cm 2, kept in a constant temperature bath at 100 ° C., and evaporating within 80 minutes. (B) 0.05-20 mass% of nonionic surfactants, and water.

The metal processing method consists essentially of applying a water-soluble lubricant for metal processing to at least one of the front and back sides of the thin metal plate, and pressing and / or cutting the thin metal plate, and the metal processing apparatus includes an accommodating portion of the thin metal plate. And driving means for drawing out the thin metal plate, application means for applying a water-soluble lubricant for metal processing to at least one of front and back of the thin metal plate, and processing means for performing press working and / or cutting.

Description

WATER-SOLUBLE LUBRICANT, METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR METAL WORKING BEING SUITABLE FOR USING THE SAME}

The present invention relates to a water soluble lubricant for metal processing, a metal processing method and a metal processing apparatus suitable for use thereof.

Conventionally, volatile oil-based lubricants are used for metal processing such as cutting, grinding, and plastic working of aluminum, but the drying is not sufficient, and high temperature drying by hot air is required. In order to solve this problem, it is thought to use water-based system, but in general, there is a problem in that machining performance is inferior. Therefore, development of the water-based metal processing lubricant excellent in drying property while maintaining processing performance, and the development of the metal processing method and metal processing apparatus using the same were calculated | required.

By the way, regarding water-soluble cutting oil, although the composition which consists of alkylene oxide block addition type nonionic surfactant, carboxylate, and water is known (refer Japanese Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2002-212584), drying property and processing performance are not known. Insufficient. In order to improve the processing performance, it is necessary to increase the amount of the carboxylate added, but in order to not only deteriorate the drying property but also to rot, it is necessary to increase additives such as anti-corrosive agents, and dispersibility of each component. In order to improve the efficiency, the nonionic surfactant was also forced to increase, which further deteriorated the dryness. However, when the addition amount of carboxylate salt is reduced in order to improve dryness, processing performance will deteriorate, and it was necessary to satisfy yield yield.

On the other hand, there are various techniques regarding the metal working method and the metal working device. For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1979-91832 discloses a roll shape of a petroleum combustor about a method of manufacturing an inner flame barrel and an outer flame barrel. A method is disclosed in which a stainless plate is processed while being taken out and annealed and degreased in a conveyor-type continuous drying furnace. Here, the method of manufacturing the aluminum fin with a lubricating film for heat exchangers using the conveyor type continuous processing apparatus which consists of a process of a process, cutting, and drying is demonstrated using FIG.

The thin metal plate 101 wound in a roll shape is taken out from the end, is immersed in the oil bath 103 which stores the oil-based lubricant 102 which has been used conventionally, and the oil-based lubricant 102 is apply | coated. The oil-based lubricant 102 is supplied to the oil bath 103 through the supply amount control valve 106 from the tank 104 in which the oil-based lubricant 105 is stored.

The female dies 107a to 107d for processing are provided in the die 107 for press working, and the male molds 108a to 108d for processing are provided for the punch 108 for press processing. The thin metal plate is pressed by the press die 107 and the punch punch 108, and then cut by the cutting cutters 109a and 110a provided in the cutting dies 109 and 110.

The drying furnace 111 is for drying the lubricant applied to the thin metal plate, and a relatively large heating means 112 made of a heating flame or a heater and hot air 113a generated by the heating means 112 are applied to the thin metal plate. It has a blower 113 to be fitted.

In the case of using a conventional oil-based lubricant using such a conventional metalworking device, since the oil-based lubricant, the load on the environment is large, and if the working method and the working environment are not considered, the worker's health or natural environment may be damaged. there was. In addition, in the case of an aluminum plate having a lubricating film on the surface of the material, the processing powder precipitates during processing and adheres to the processing tool, thereby causing damage to the processing tool or impairing the quality of the workpiece.

In order to solve the said problem, development of the water-soluble lubricant for metal processing which is excellent in dryness and a small environmental load was calculated | required.

This invention is made | formed in view of the said situation, Comprising: It aims at providing the water-soluble lubricant for metal processing which is excellent in processing performance, drying property, and a very small environmental load, and the metal processing method and metal processing apparatus suitable for the use.

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION

As a result of intensive research to achieve the above object, the present inventors have found that a water-soluble lubricant for metal processing having a specific property, and a metal processing method and a metal processing device suitable for use thereof can effectively achieve the above object. The present invention has been completed.

That is, the gist of the present invention is as follows.

1. (A) 0.01 g% or more and less than 5% by mass of an organic carboxylic acid metal salt having a time of 1 g weighed into a container having a low area of 50 cm 2, kept in a constant temperature bath at 100 ° C., and then evaporated to 80% by mass within 10 minutes. , (B) 0.05-20 mass% of nonionic surfactant, and water, The water-soluble lubricant for metal processing characterized by the above-mentioned.

2. (C) 0.01-10 mass% of anti-corrosion agents, and 0.01-10 mass% of (D) metal inactivating agents further contain the water-soluble lubricant for metal processing of said 1 characterized by the above-mentioned.

3. (A) The water-soluble lubricant for metal processing according to 1 or 2, wherein the organic carboxylic acid metal salt is an alkali metal salt or an alkaline earth metal salt.

4. (A) 1 to 3, wherein the organic carboxylic acid in the organic carboxylic acid metal salt is one or two or more selected from the group consisting of linear saturated fatty acids, linear monoene unsaturated fatty acids and dibasic acids having 8 or more total carbon atoms of the carboxylic acid residues. The water-soluble lubricant for metal processing in any one of them.

5. (B) The water-soluble lubricant for metal working in any one of said 1-4 whose total carbon number of a nonionic surfactant is 15 or less.

6. (C) The water-soluble lubricant for metal processing in any one of said 1-5 whose anti-corrosive agent is N- (2-hydroxyethyl) piperazine and / or amines.

7. (D) The water-soluble lubricant for metal processing as described in any one of said 1-6 whose metal deactivator is a triazole compound.

8. Water-soluble lubricant for metal processing in any one of said 1-7 for aluminum processing.

9. The metal working method which consists essentially of the process of apply | coating the water-soluble lubricant for metal processing to at least one of the front and back of a thin metal plate, and the process of press working and / or cutting the said thin metal plate.

10. The metalworking method according to 9 above, further comprising a step of drying the water-soluble lubricant for metal working adhered to the surface of the thin metal plate or a step of promoting the drying.

11. The metalworking method according to the above 9 or 10, wherein the water-soluble lubricant for metalworking is sprayed onto a mist or sprayed onto a thin metal plate.

12. The metalworking method according to any one of the above 9 to 11, wherein the application of the water-soluble lubricant for metal working to the thin metal plate is performed immediately before the press work and / or immediately before the cutting work, or simultaneously with each of the above-mentioned work operations.

13. The metal processing method in any one of said 9-12 which sets the application amount or density | concentration of the water-soluble lubricant for metal processing according to the kind of thin metal plate, and the presence or absence, hardness, and thickness of a surface lubricating film.

14. The metalworking method according to any one of the above 9 to 13, wherein the application amount or concentration of the water-soluble lubricant for metal working to be applied for press working and the application amount or concentration of the water-soluble lubricant for metal working to be applied for cutting are set separately.

15. The metalworking method according to any one of the above 7 to 14, wherein the raw material of the water-soluble lubricant for metal working is diluted to a predetermined concentration before press working and / or cutting.

16. The metal processing method in any one of said 7-15 whose thin metal plate is an aluminum thin plate with a lubricating film which is a fin material for heat exchangers.

17. The metal processing method in any one of said 7-16 using the water-soluble lubricant for metal processings in any one of said 1-5.

18. Application means for applying a water-soluble lubricant for metal processing to at least one of the housing portion of the thin metal plate, the driving means for drawing out the thin metal plate, the front and back of the thin metal plate, and the processing means for performing press working and / or cutting. A metal processing apparatus consisting essentially of the metal processing apparatus in the said coating means WHEREIN: The supply amount of the water-soluble lubricant for metal processings in any one of said 1-8 is controlled and apply | coated to a thin metal plate.

19. The metalworking apparatus according to item 18, wherein the application means is provided immediately before the processing means for performing press working and / or cutting.

20. The metalworking apparatus according to the above 18 or 19, further comprising a drying means at a temperature near room temperature.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows the metalworking apparatus of this invention.

2: A is sectional drawing in the processing process of the thin metal plate 1 in this invention.

It is a detailed sectional drawing of the press work in this invention.

It is a perspective view of the thin metal plate which performed the press work and cutting process in this invention.

It is a figure which shows the conventional metalworking apparatus.

Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings

1: thin metal plate 2: coating chamber

3: spray nozzle 4, 9, 14: water-soluble lubricant

5: water soluble grease reservoir 8: water soluble grease dispenser

10: water soluble lubricant spray amount control valve 11: die for press working

12: Punch for Press Machining 13: Water Soluble Lubricant Shower

15: water-soluble lubricant shower amount control valve 17, 18: cutting die

17a, 18a: Cutting cutter 19: Blower for air blowing

20: air blowing nozzle 101: thin metal plate

102, 105: oil-based lubricant 103: oil bath for applying the oil-based lubricant

104: oil-based lubricant tank 106: oil-based lubricant supply control valve

111: drying furnace 112: heating means

113: blower 113a: hot air

0.01 g of organic carboxylic acid metal salt having a time until the evaporation of 80% by mass of 1 g of the water-soluble lubricant for metal processing of the present invention (A) is placed in a container having a low area of 50 cm 2 and kept in a constant temperature bath at 100 ° C. It is characterized by consisting of more than% and less than 5 mass%, (B) 0.05-20 mass% of nonionic surfactants, and water.

The amount of water, which is the main component of the water-soluble lubricant for metal processing (hereinafter may be simply referred to as water-soluble lubricant) of the present invention is preferably 80 to 99.9% by mass based on the total amount of the lubricant. More preferably, it is 90-99.9 mass%, More preferably, it is 95-99.9 mass%, Especially preferably, it is 97-99.9 mass%. When it is less than 80 mass%, drying property is inferior, and when it exceeds 99.9 mass%, workability is inferior.

Next, the organic carboxylic acid metal salt which is (A) component of a water-soluble lubricant improves lubricity, and can be used without a restriction | limiting in particular. The following is mentioned as organic carboxylic acid in organic carboxylic acid metal salt.

(1) straight-chain saturated fatty acids such as nonaneic acid, loric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and behenic acid, (2) 2-methyldecanoic acid, 6-propylnonaneic acid, 4-methyldodecaneic acid, 12-methyl Branched chain saturated fatty acids, such as tridecane acid, 4-methyl tetradecane acid, 2-ethyl tetradecane acid, 14-methylheptadecane acid, 5-methyloctadecane acid, and 2-butyloctadecane acid (3) cis-2-nonenoic acid, caprolic acid, 10-undecenoic acid, linderic acid, 2-tridecenoic acid, 5-tetradecenoic acid, myristoleic acid, cis-6-hexadecenoic acid, trans- Straight chain monoene unsaturated fatty acids such as 9-octadecenoic acid, oleic acid, cis-9-eicosenoic acid, trans-13-docosenoic acid, erucic acid, (4) 3-methyl-2-nonenoic acid, 5-methyl-2 Branched chain monoene unsaturated fatty acids such as undecenoic acid, 5-methyl-2-tridecenoic acid and 2-propyl-9-octadecenoic acid, (5) sorbic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, clopanodonic acid, herring Polyene unsaturated fatty acids, such as acids (2006.01) Acetylene acids, such as lyric acid, stearic acid, and Jimenic acid, (7) alicyclic fatty acids such as marvaric acid, hydrocapnic acid, and goronic acid, and (8) nitrogen such as surbinic acid, yalafinolic acid, ricinolic acid, and lycanic acid Containing fatty acids, (9) straight chain saturated dibasic acids such as adipic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, and branched chain saturated dibasic acids such as 7-ethylhexadecane dicarboxylic acid, (10) trimellitic acid, pyromellitic acid And polyhydric carboxylic acids (except dibasic acids) such as 1,2,3,4-butane tetracarboxylic acid.

In the said organic carboxylic acid, linear saturated fatty acid, linear monoene unsaturated fatty acid, and dibasic acid are preferable. Moreover, it is preferable that the total carbon number of a carboxylic acid residue is 8 or more, It is more preferable that it is 12 or more, It is further more preferable that it is 16 or more. More specifically, one or two or more selected from the group consisting of linear saturated fatty acids, linear monoene unsaturated fatty acids, and dibasic acids having a total carbon number of 8 or more of the carboxylic acid residues is preferable, and in particular, the total carbon number of the carboxylic acid residues is particularly preferred. Most preferred are dibasic acids of 16 or more.

As the metal of the organic carboxylic acid metal salt, alkali metals such as lithium, sodium and potassium, and alkaline earth metals such as magnesium and calcium are preferable. In addition, an organic carboxylic acid metal salt may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.

The compounding quantity of the said organic carboxylic acid metal salt is 0.01 mass% or more and less than 5 mass% based on whole quantity of a lubricant. Preferably it is 0.01-3 mass%, More preferably, it is 0.01-1.5 mass%. If it is less than 0.01 mass%, workability is inferior, and if it is 5 mass% or more, dryness is inferior.

The water-soluble lubricant for metal working of this invention has favorable dryness, Weighs 1g to the container of 50 cm <2> of low-area, hold | maintains it in the thermostat of 100 degreeC, and the time until 80 mass% evaporates is 10 minutes or less. As described above, this factor is determined by intertwining various factors.

In the water-soluble lubricant of the present invention, (B) nonionic surfactant, (C) anti-corrosive agent and (D) metal deactivator can be blended in order to improve liquid stability (solubilization performance), anti-corrosion and anti-rusting properties.

The nonionic surfactant of (B) component is not specifically limited. Specifically, 2-ethylhexyl diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, glycerine, diethylene glycol hexyl ether, octaethylene glycol nonylphenyl ether, etc. are mentioned. In these, those with 15 or less carbon atoms in total are preferable, those with 12 or less are more preferable, and those with 10 or less are more preferable. More specifically, diethylene glycol hexyl ether (10 carbon atoms in total) and dipropylene glycol (6 carbon atoms in total) are particularly preferable. (B) A component may be used individually by 1 type and may be used in combination of 2 or more type. The compounding quantity is 0.05-20 mass%, Preferably 0.05-10 mass%, More preferably, it is 0.05-5 mass%, Especially preferably, it is 0.05-1 mass% based on whole quantity of a lubricant. If it is less than 0.05 mass%, the effect of disperse | distributing another additive is small, and when it exceeds 20 mass%, an effect is small for a large quantity, and it becomes economically disadvantageous, and dryness also worsens.

The anti-corruption agent of (C) component is not specifically limited, Various things can be used. Specifically, 2, 4- dihydroxy benzoic acid anilide compound; Mercaptoamide carboxylic acid or salts thereof; Thiazolin compounds such as dimethylthiazolidine, methylthiazolidine and thiazolidine; Polyethylene imine; 2-phosphobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid or a salt thereof; 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid or a salt thereof; Tri-n-butyl-n-hexadecyl-phosphonium, tri-n-butyl-n-dodecyl-phosphonium, tetrakis-hydroxymethyl-phosphonium or salts thereof; N- (2-hydroxyethyl) piperazine; Amines such as hexahydro-1,3,5-tris (2-hydroxyethyl) triazine, diethanolamine, monoethanolamine, morpholine, methyl diethanolamine, triethanolamine, dicyclohexylamine, and the like. Can be. Among these, N- (2-hydroxyethyl) piperazine and amines are particularly preferable. As the component (C), one type may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination. The compounding quantity is 0.01-10 mass%, Preferably it is 0.01-2 mass%, More preferably, it is 0.01-0.6 mass% based on whole quantity of a lubricant. If the amount is less than 0.01% by mass, the effect of internal deterioration is small. If it exceeds 10% by mass, the effect is small for a large amount, which is economically disadvantageous, and the drying property is also deteriorated.

The metal deactivator of component (D) is used to prevent the metal from contacting with the corrosive substance by being adsorbed on the metal surface. Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular as a metal deactivator which can be used, Benzotriazole; Carboxybenzotriazoles; Triazole compounds such as 3-aminotriazole, 4-aminotriazole, 2,5-diaminotriazole, 3-mercaptotriazole and 3-amino-5-triazole; Thiazole compounds such as 2-mercaptothiazole and 2-aminothiazole; And imidazole compounds such as 2-mercaptoimidazole and 2-mercapto-1-methylimidazole. Among these, triazole compounds are particularly preferable. As the component (D), one type may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination. The compounding quantity is 0.01-10 mass%, Preferably it is 0.01-2 mass%, More preferably, it is 0.01-0.6 mass% based on whole quantity of a lubricant. If it is less than 0.01 mass%, the effect of rust prevention property is small, and when it exceeds 10 mass%, an effect is small for a large quantity, and it becomes economically disadvantageous, and dryness also worsens.

The water-soluble lubricant for metal working of the present invention is a range in which the object of the present invention is not impaired, and various additives such as antioxidants, antifoaming agents, rust preventive agents, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, etc. may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds as necessary. It can contain suitably.

As the antioxidant, for example, amines such as alkylated diphenylamine, phenyl-α-naphthylamine, alkylated α-naphthylamine, phenols such as 2,6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol, and Sulfur type | system | group etc. are mentioned, As a defoaming agent, dimethyl polysiloxane, a fluoroether, etc. are mentioned, for example. Examples of the rust inhibitors include carboxylic acid rust inhibitors, carboxylic acid ester rust inhibitors, and overbased alkaline earth metal salts.

10 mass% or less is preferable based on whole quantity of a lubricant, and, as for the total content of these additives used as needed, 5 mass% or less is more preferable.

In addition, the application amount of the water-soluble lubricant is in the range of 3 cm 3 to 12 cm 3 in the case of the thin metal plate having the lubricating film on the surface with respect to 1 square meter of the thin metal plate, and in the case of the thin metal plate in which the lubricating film is not provided on the surface. A range of 3 cm 3 to 35 cm 3 is preferred.

If the coating amount is less than 3 cm 3, the lubricity necessary for each processing cannot be obtained, and the risk of cracking in the thin metal plate increases in press working. In addition, when the coating amount is larger than 12 cm 3 or 35 cm 3, there is a possibility that the equipment of the drying process may be unreasonably large because it is not easily dried.

Moreover, it is preferable to set separately the application amount or density | concentration of the water-soluble lubricant apply | coated for press work, and the application amount or concentration of the water-soluble lubricant apply | coated for cutting work, respectively.

The dilution ratio for diluting the raw material of the water-soluble lubricant with water is in the range of 30 to 200 in the case of the thin metal plate having the lubricating film on the surface, and in the case of the thin metal plate in which the lubricating film is not provided on the surface. Range is preferred.

If the dilution ratio is less than 30, a high concentration of water-soluble lubricant is used and the drying process is not easily dried, and the equipment of the drying process may be excessively large. In addition, when the dilution ratio is larger than 100 or 200, the lubricity necessary for each process is not obtained, and the possibility of cracking in the thin metal plate in press work increases.

As described above, since the coating amount and concentration of the water-soluble lubricant have a selection range, it is preferable that the water-soluble lubricant to be applied to the thin metal plate is selected according to the type of the thin metal plate and the presence or absence, hardness and thickness of the surface lubricating film. By doing so, good lubrication performance can be exhibited without using an unnecessary water soluble lubricant, and the cost can be reduced.

Next, embodiment of the metal working method and apparatus of this invention is described, referring drawings.

As an example, the case of the aluminum fin material which has a hydrophilic film layer on the surface of an aluminum material as a material for aluminum fins used for a heat exchanger, etc., and also has a lubricity film layer on the upper layer is demonstrated.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The figure shows the metalworking apparatus of this invention, and each process of a press work, a cutting process, and a drying progresses from the left side to the right side of FIG.

The thin metal plate 1 wound in roll shape is taken out by arbitrary methods, and is introduce | transduced into the application chamber 2. The water-soluble lubricant preparation machine 8 prepares and temporarily stores the water-soluble lubricant 9 at an arbitrary concentration by mixing raw materials of the water-soluble lubricant and tap water. The water-soluble lubricant 9 is supplied into the application chamber 2 through the control valve 10 which controls the spray amount.

On the other hand, the process of diluting the raw material of the water-soluble lubricant 9 with water is carried out in or near the same site as the press working and cutting processing of the thin metal plate, so that the water-soluble lubricant can be treated as the raw material until the dilution process is reached. In addition, the weight, volume, and inventory of the lubricant managed at the distribution and storage stages can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced. In addition, by carrying out the dilution step immediately before the press working and cutting operations, it is possible to reduce the processing labor of bubbles generated and generated by dilution.

In the application chamber 2, the mist-like water-soluble lubricant 4 is ejected from the spray nozzle 3, and the interior of the application chamber 2 is satisfied with the atmosphere of the mist-like water-soluble lubricant 4. And when the thin metal plate 1 is introduce | transduced in the atmosphere of the mist-like lubricant 4, the water-soluble lubricant 4 which became the mist form adheres uniformly to the surface of the thin metal plate 1, and is apply | coated, leaving the lubricating film layer. do. At this time, the spray nozzle 3 is provided so that it may spray to the thin metal plate 1 which passes through the inside of the application chamber 2 to the back. This is to prevent the water-soluble lubricating coating layer (not shown) on the surface of the thin metal plate 1 from melting and peeling off by spraying the water-soluble lubricant 4 directly on the thin metal plate 1.

In the present invention, since the water-soluble lubricant is sprayed into the mist form or sprayed into the droplet form and applied to the thin metal plate, the surface of the thin metal plate can be smoothly stained with a minimum amount of the water-soluble lubricant, thereby reducing the cost for the water-soluble lubricant. have.

The excess water-soluble lubricant 4a provided in the coating chamber 2 is temporarily stored in the lubricant reservoir 5, and when a predetermined amount is accumulated, the coating chamber (through the drain pipe 7 provided with the discharge control valve 6) From 2).

Female dies 11a to 11d for processing are provided on the die 11 for press working, and male dies 12a to 12d for processing are provided on the punch 12 for press working. The thin metal plate is pressed by a die 11 for press working and a punch 12 for press working. In the press working, the thin metal plate is advanced by one row of the female molds 11a to 11d or the male molds 12a to 12d each time the press machine performs one press operation, and the pressing process is completed by a total of four small steps. do.

The water-soluble lubricant shower 13 spray-sprays the water-soluble lubricant 14 onto the thin metal plate. The water soluble lubricant 14 is supplied from the water soluble lubricant dispenser 8 through the shower amount control valve 15.

Simultaneously with the press working process, the water-soluble lubricant 14 sprayed in the form of a droplet from the lubricant shower 13 is directly applied to the surface of the thin metal plate which has finished the press process. Here, the application of the water-soluble lubricant 14 directly to the surface of the thin metal plate is, in comparison with press work, in the cutting process, there is less need to provide a lubricating film layer on the surface of the thin metal plate. This is because it does not require the same equipment as 2). The excess water-soluble lubricant 14a is temporarily stored in the lubricant reservoir 16, and when a predetermined amount is accumulated, it is discharged through the drain pipe 7 provided with the discharge control valve 6.

In the present invention, since the application of the water-soluble lubricant is carried out immediately before the press working or before the cutting work, or simultaneously with the processing, the minimum water-soluble lubricant is applied at the optimum time, so that the water-soluble lubricant can be processed without drying. In addition, the cost for the water-soluble lubricant can be reduced.

The cutting dies 17a and 18a are provided in the cutting dies 17 and 18, respectively, and the thin metal plate is cut by the cutting cutters 17a and 18a.

The blower 19 for blowing air blows through the nozzle 20 to dry the water-soluble lubricants 4 and 14 on the surface of the thin metal plate that has been pressed and cut. Although drying is performed at atmospheric temperature, it can also be performed at a temperature slightly higher than atmospheric temperature using a small heat source etc. as needed. By employing such a blower by a blower or by installing a low temperature drying equipment, the initial investment and operation and maintenance costs can be reduced because a simple facility that does not require a large-scale heating and drying equipment as in the prior art can be reduced. have.

Since the water-soluble lubricant can be dried by natural drying, if the natural drying of the thin metal plate after the press working and the cutting process is possible, the equipment for the drying process using the blower 19 for blowing in air is not necessary. However, in order to drastically shorten the drying time, an existing drying furnace or a drying furnace of a large heat source may be used.

Fig. 2A shows a cross sectional view of the thin metal plate 1 by the female molds 11a to 11d and male molds 12a to 12d for press working.

In FIG. 2A, the thin metal plate 1 is formed by the step I of plastic processing into a spherical shape by molding, the opening of the hole 1a by piercing, and by the step II of installing the collar 1b, ironing the collar 1b. The process is carried out in the order of each process of step III which draws the step, and step IV which winds the edge part 1c of the collar 1b to the outside by relarring.

In the above press working, the load on the machining tool is large, and in particular, the stress is the greatest at the A portion shown in Fig. 2B, and in some cases, the die for press working, which is a machining tool for cutting and removing the thin metal plate 1, which is a material to be processed. Damage to 11 and the punch 12 for press work may arise. Therefore, optimization of lubrication is important at the time of a series of press working.

Therefore, before press work, the water-soluble lubricant 4 is applied by mist spraying which does not elute the lubricating film of the thin metal plate 1 to increase the lubricity, and in lubrication before the subsequent cutting work, the water-soluble lubricant by showering. Emphasis is placed on the application of (14) to remove foreign matters such as cutting powder.

On the other hand, the press working tool is preferably made of a cemented carbide containing at least cobalt or nickel as a binder (bonding phase metal), and an inhibitor for inhibiting elution of the binder (bonding phase metal) from the press working tool is dissolved in a water-soluble lubricant. It is preferable that it is done.

It is a perspective view of the thin metal plate which completed the said press process and the cutting process. In Fig. 3, 1a is a hole opened by piercing, 1b is a collar drawn by ironing, and 1c is an end of a collar 1b which has been subjected to processing to be wound outward.

On the other hand, although the aspect of the aluminum plate processing has been described above, it may be applied to a steel sheet or a copper plate, and may be suitable for any press working or cutting process of a metal that is thin and requires a water-soluble lubricant.

In addition, in the first embodiment, the application of the water-soluble lubricant 4 before the press work is sprayed in the mist phase, but in the case of the thin metal plate on which the lubricating film layer is not originally applied to the surface, it is not necessary to consider the dissolution of the lubricating film layer. The coating of the water-soluble lubricant before the press working may be a method of directly immersing the thin metal plate in the water-soluble lubricant, or a method of spray coating directly into a droplet form.

In addition, the coating of the water-soluble lubricants 4 and 14 is performed immediately before the press working and immediately before the cutting, but in consideration of the material of the metal sheet, the processing area, the degree of complexity of the processing, the presence or absence of the surface lubricating film, and the thickness thereof. The adjustment of the coating amount, the concentration, etc. of the water-soluble lubricant can be arbitrarily set at each step before the press work, at the time of press work, before cutting, and at the time of cutting. By doing so, the lubrication effect according to each metal can be exhibited to the maximum, and the application management of the minimum necessary water-soluble lubricant can be performed in each step, thereby reducing the cost for the lubricant.

The metalworking apparatus of the present invention comprises a press unit and / or a cutting process for applying a water-soluble lubricant for metal processing to at least one of an accommodating part of a thin metal plate, a driving means for drawing out the thin metal plate, a front and back of the thin plate. A metalworking apparatus consisting essentially of a processing means to be performed, wherein the coating means is a metalworking apparatus characterized by controlling the supply amount of the water-soluble lubricant for metalworking according to any one of 1 to 8 to apply to a thin metal plate. .

The apparatus of the present invention may be any apparatus that can be used in the above-described metal working method, and is provided with a coating means immediately before the processing means for performing press work and / or cutting, and at a temperature near room temperature or for a short time of drying. Depending on the purpose, it may be one having a drying means by a high temperature drying furnace at about 150 ° C.

Next, although the water-soluble lubricant for metal working of this invention is demonstrated in more detail by an Example, this invention is not limited at all by these examples.

Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3

(1) Preparation of water-soluble lubricants for metal processing

With respect to water, the water-soluble lubricant for metal processing was prepared by mix | blending the component shown in Table 1 with the quantity (mass%) shown in Table 1-1 and 1-2 based on the whole quantity of a lubricant. On the other hand, Comparative Example 3 is a conventional oil-based lubricant composed of isoparaffin (kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C .; 2.6 mm 2 / s) and C 16 -olefin (20% by mass).

(2) Evaluation of physical properties

For each lubricant, the physical properties were evaluated in the following manner. The results are shown in Tables 1-1 and 1-2.

① drying test 1

1 g of the lubricant prepared in the above (1) was weighed into a container having a low area of 50 cm 2, uniformly spread on the bottom of the container, and kept in a constant temperature bath at 100 ° C. to measure the time (minutes) until 80 mass% evaporated. .

② Drying Test 2

1 g of the lubricant prepared in the above (1) was weighed into a container having a bottom area of 50 cm 2, uniformly spread on the bottom of the container, and kept in a constant temperature bath at 180 ° C. to measure the residual amount (mass%).

③ friction test

The coefficient of friction was determined by the Bowden test.

Disclosure pin material: bare material (friction test 1) and KS175, ball: SUJ2 (3/16 inch) (friction test 2)

Load: 1 kg (Pmax = 97.6 kPa), Speed: 10 mm / s, Stroke: 40 mm, Temperature: Room temperature (25 ° C)

④ Corruption Test

Perishability was calculated | required from the viable count after 1 week by easy culture.

○: low, △: medium, ×: high

⑤ Antirust test

20 mm x 50 mm of bare material was immersed in a 30 ml sample and kept at 60 ° C for 3 days, and then the presence of corrosion was observed.

⑥ Sample appearance

The state of the sample was observed by visual observation.

Note) Ingredients:

A1: 7-ethylhexadecane dicarboxylic acid Na salt

A2: oleic acid K salt

A3: palmitic acid Na salt

A4: non-phosphate Na salt

B1: diethylene glycol hexyl ether (10 carbon atoms in total)

B2: dipropylene glycol (6 carbon atoms)

B3: octaethylene glycol nonylphenyl ether (31 carbon atoms)

C1: N- (2-hydroxyethyl) piperazine

C2: morpholine

D1: benzotriazole

As a result of press-processing, cutting, and drying for four minutes at 160 ° C. by a heat-treatment unit for an air conditioner using the metalworking apparatus and the lubricant diluted to 4%, a problem in securing quality was also obtained. Good results were obtained without.

The water-soluble lubricant for metal working of this invention is a water-soluble lubricant excellent in processing performance and drying property, and very small in environmental load, and can be used suitably as a water-based lubricant of the said metal processing method and a metal processing apparatus. Since it is a water-soluble lubricant, the environmental load is very low, and since the excess lubricant can be treated with waste water without reuse, it can be used stably without changing the composition of the water-soluble lubricant, and has various effects.

In the metal working method and the metal working apparatus of this invention, since a water-soluble lubricant is apply | coated to at least one of the front and back of the said thin metal plate in the press work or the cutting process of a thin metal plate, the load on an environment can be reduced. Moreover, since the water-soluble lubricant excellent in drying property is used, it becomes possible to shorten drying time by using drying means, such as a blowing means, suitably in a drying process and a water removal process. In addition, since the possibility of ignition by the lubricating liquid is eliminated by using the water-soluble lubricant, the drying apparatus can be installed in close proximity to the press working machine, and the line of the apparatus can be shortened.

Further, in the metal working method and the metal working apparatus of the present invention, since the water-soluble lubricant is sprayed into the mist form or sprayed into the droplet form and applied to the thin metal plate, the surface of the thin metal plate can be lubricated without stain with a minimum amount of water-soluble lubricant. have.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY Since the present invention can be applied to the processing of an aluminum thin plate with a lubricating film, which is a fin material for a heat exchanger, a heat exchanger for use in an air conditioner or the like can be efficiently manufactured.

Claims (20)

(A) 0.01% by mass or more and less than 5% by mass of at least one organic carboxylic acid metal salt selected from linear saturated fatty acids, linear monoene unsaturated fatty acids and dibasic acids each having 8 or more carbon atoms in total, (B) diethylene glycol As a water-soluble lubricant for metal processing consisting of 0.05 to 20% by mass of at least one nonionic surfactant selected from hexyl ether and dipropylene glycol and water, A water-soluble lubricant for metal working in which 1 g is weighed into a container having a low area of 50 cm 2, held in a constant temperature bath at 100 ° C., and evaporated to 80 mass% within 10 minutes. The method of claim 1, (C) 0.01-10 mass% of anti-corrosion agents, and 0.01-10 mass% of (D) metal deactivators, The water-soluble lubricant for metal processing further characterized by the above-mentioned. The method of claim 1, (A) The water-soluble lubricant for metal processing, wherein the organic carboxylic acid metal salt is an alkali metal salt or an alkaline earth metal salt. delete delete The method of claim 2, (C) The anti-corrosion agent is N- (2-hydroxyethyl) piperazine, amines or a combination thereof, water-soluble lubricant for metal processing. The method of claim 2, (D) The water-soluble lubricant for metal processing, wherein the metal deactivator is a triazole compound. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, 6 and 7, A water-soluble lubricant for metal processing, which is for aluminum processing. As a metal processing method using the water-soluble lubricant for metal processing as described in any one of Claims 1-3, 6 and 7. A process for applying a water-soluble lubricant for metal processing to at least one of the front and back of the thin metal plate, and a process for press-processing, cutting, or processing both of the thin metal plate. The method of claim 9, And a drying step of the water-soluble lubricant for metal working attached to the surface of the thin metal plate or a step of promoting the drying. The method of claim 9, A metal working method comprising spraying a water soluble lubricant for metal working in a mist form or spraying in a droplet form to apply to a thin metal sheet. The method of claim 9, Application of the water-soluble lubricant for metal processing to the thin metal sheet is carried out immediately before the press working, immediately before the cutting work, or just before the machining of all of them, or simultaneously with each of the above machining. The method of claim 9, The metal processing method characterized by setting the application quantity or concentration of the water-soluble lubricant for metal processing according to the kind of thin metal plate, and the presence or absence, hardness, and thickness of a surface lubricating film. The method of claim 9, A metal processing method, wherein the coating amount or concentration of the metal-soluble water-soluble lubricant to be applied for press working and the coating amount or concentration of the water-soluble lubricant for metal processing to be applied for cutting are set separately. The method of claim 9, A metal processing method characterized by diluting a raw material of a water-soluble lubricant for metal working to a predetermined concentration before pressing, cutting, or both processing. The method of claim 9, The thin metal plate is an aluminum thin plate with a lubricating film which is a fin material for a heat exchanger. delete Application means for applying a water-soluble lubricant for metal processing to at least one of an accommodating portion of the thin metal plate, a drive means for drawing out the thin metal plate, a front surface of the thin metal plate, and a processing means for performing a process of pressing, cutting or both. A metal working apparatus comprising: the coating means, wherein the supply amount of the water-soluble lubricant for metal processing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, 6, and 7 is controlled and applied to the thin metal plate. Metalworking device made. The method of claim 18, A metal processing apparatus, wherein the coating means is provided immediately before the processing means for performing the press working, the cutting working, or both, or is applied to apply the water-soluble lubricant for metal working simultaneously with each of the above processing. The method of claim 18, Further comprising a drying means by the temperature of normal temperature, metal processing apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned.

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