WO2004067929A1

WO2004067929A1 - Two stroke engine with valve distribution system

Info

Publication number: WO2004067929A1
Application number: PCT/YU2003/000012
Authority: WO
Inventors: Tihomir Sic; Miladin Vidakovic
Original assignee: Tihomir Sic; Miladin Vidakovic
Priority date: 2003-01-27
Filing date: 2003-05-09
Publication date: 2004-08-12
Also published as: AU2003303833A1

Abstract

Two stroke engine with valve distribution system is a new type of volume SUS engine which upon the new concept has more effective exchange of media, the exchange is regulated through the new construction of the suction valve (6), new construction of the piston (5) and in building of the exhaust valve (3) in head of the engine (2). This construction enables a direct dosing of media in the cylinder liner (4) and the automatic separation of the cylinder liner from the engine box (14). By this is attained regulated discharging of the cylinder liner (4) and better filling of the cylinder liner, larger degrees of the compression because of the new cylinder liner construction (4) which is full without silts, and with it that realises to the larger exploitation degree of the engine it self and attains better ecological parameters in the emission of the exhausting gases.

Description

TWO STROKE ENGINE WITH VALVE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

a) The technique branch on which the invention relates

In accordance to the International inventions classification (IIC) the invention can be classified in the following classes:

F 02 B 25/4 - Engines which have openings in the cylinder head and cylinder liner close to the dead point, F 02 B 19/00 - Engines with the prechambβrs of cauterization

F 02 B 21/00 - Engines with the prechambers with air gathering F 02 F 1/00 - Cylinders F 02 F 3/00 - Pistons F 01 C 9/00 - Machines or engines with the oscillating piston

b) The technical problems

The technical problems which solves this invention are consisted in the constructive solution of the cylinder, piston and the engine distribution system with the internal cauterization which shall enable:

- engine production of strong strength's and degree of exploitation with very wide application,

- to reduce the engine outlines,

- to reduce the fuel comsumption, - to enlarge strength of the engine.

c) The technique condition

Development of the engines with internal cauterization characteristical is with increasement of the strength, improvement of the material exploitation and with biger requests for the enlargement of driving safety, durability of engine, thrifting and reduction of the environment pollution.

Biger exploitation, more less of fuel consumption and more cleaner exhausting, reaches by the degree enlargement of useful engine performance, i.e. energetic exploitation of the fuel. For that is necessary considerably to raise the pressure and temperature in the engine, but with it quickly comes to the Umit of mechanical and heating durability of the material. Utmost are on shock the most loaded elements of the engine: valves, piston rings, heads of piston, uper part of the cylinder, head of the engine, releasing canals, blades of the turbines ect. By immoderate raisment of the temperature and pressure, the classic engine may literally fly in different direction. Till now is constructed more type of engines with internal exhausting by which the lifting element springs rectilinearly oscillatoric or rotationally. Each of the leaded engines have its advantages but defects as well.

All the engines with the internal cauterization, without consideration are they Otto's or Diesel, have some basic same elements. The construction of those elements depend' s from the turning speed of the crank shaft(fast running, middle running and slowly running engines), from number of process (two stroke and four stroke engines), and from that are they with the universal head, so have lifting elements, or are without it, so have pistons.

The cylinder falls into peacing ones, and the piston or lifting element in the springing elements of the engine. On the piston are influencing the pressure of working surface and the forces of the piston inertia mass. Flamed mixture of the fuel and air is widening in the shape of a temperature ball and acts on the piston. By all current engines the exhausting gases from the cylinder presses out the piston. In 2stroke engines the working surface exchanges through the opening for exhausting and air.Openings for an exchange of working space in the cylinder of two stroke engines are disposed by scope of circle on the lower part of the cylinder. Them opens and closes the piston, so doesn't have valves nor distribution axises with cams for driving with valves. By "scouring" with air, goes out 4...1/3 in the cylinder leaded volume of air. Since the gases of cauterization are pressed out with air, comes to mixing of the air and gases so atmosphere of the air closed in the cylinder of 2 stroke engine isn't so clean as in 4stroke engine where the gases presses out the piston. Fuel of mixtures in 4stroke Otto's engine are created during the process of absorption and compression process, thus during the time of those two processes, i.e. one turning. For 4stroke engines is needed a separate device with valves for opening and closing for an exchange of working media. By 4stroke engines strokes are the following: 1. STROKE : absorption-exhausting valve is closed. The piston spring's toward down, absorbs the mixture of gasoline and air through open absorption valve. At once after the valve closes.

2. STROKE: compression - Closed is the exhausting absorption valve. By springing toward up the piston compresses the mixture in the space for cauterization , and because of warmth by compression the fuel drops are changing in the gaseous state.

3. STROKE: work - Both valves stay closed. The spark from spark plug lights the compressed mixture. Cauterized gases are widening and lifts the piston toward down. On the end of this stroke the exhaust valve opens.

4. STROKE: Outlet- absorption valve is closed. The piston during springing toward up lifts rest of cauterization through open exhaust valve. On the end of this stroke the absorption valve opens, and the exhaust closes. All begins again with the first stroke.

Theoretically is considered that the valves opens when the piston is in the upper i.e. lower dead point. But in the practice times are covered when the valves are open. The exhausting valve opens just before the piston arrives till the dead point and closes just some time after as piston was on the upper dead point. So, or opposite, the absorption valve opens. That means that in the moment of covering are open both valves at same time. Stability of entering and exiting gases actually improves filling of the cylinder with fresh mixture and by emptying (so called rinsing) of exhausting gases. Because of lagged exhausting gases in the cylinder of engine can be leaded smaller volume of working media from the working volume. Beside that, for filling of 4stroke engine cylinder in it must be under pressure that could the outside pressure hold back the air in cylinder. In the cylinder of 2stroke engine stays more exhausting gases than in the 4stroke one, so because of that the volume degree of 2stroke engines is smaller from 4stroke one. That is vahd for the engines with air absorption's and engines with stamping. On the volume degree of filling influences, except of the temperature and quantity of lagged gases in the cylinder as well resistance of flowing in the absorption and exhausting canals. As higher is the temperature of cylinder and parts beside which flows the fuel mixture, i.e. air, the temperature of combustible mixture, i.e. air in the cylinder shall be higher. Since with raising of the temperature drops off the density, in the cylinder will be a possibility to place less combustible mixtures, i.e. air. Similarly acts lagged gases of cauterization. As there are more lagged gases and their temperature is higher, the absorbed mixture of fuel i.e. air shall be more heated, so the density shall become much smaller. In 4stroke engine gases of cauterization lag's only in the compressive space.

During the engine development space of the cauterization had reduced that the compressive volume reach's a value of 9-9.5 how would be the thermal usefulness larger. But with it have increased the temperatures of process, and because of it the dissociation too; i.e. the emission of the carbon monoxide which is harmful for health. Because of it has been reduced the compressive volume on 8, what has reduced the thermal usefulness and increased the fuel consumption. For that reason are done new solutions which reduces the emission of the carbon monoxide, but are withholding high compression volume. This was reached by division of the space cauterization. Smaller of them (prechamber) serves for storing of rich combustible mixture which shall be turned on by plugs. The second, upon the volume larger space serves for poor combustible mixture which in the normal Otto's engine wouldn't cauterize. The pressure which appears during the cauterization in the prechamber throws out a flame in the larger space where is the poor combustible mixture, so it quickly inflames and cauterizes. During that cauterizes the carbon monoxide as well which came out from the prechamber where has appeared because of the dissociation (so called engines with stratified cauterization). Because of additional devices more expensive is the production of such engines, and as well have something larger fuel consumption from the normal engines.

Mitsubishies GDI-engine (GASOLINE DIRECT INJECTION ENGINE), as diesel engines through the absorption valves absorbs the clean air. The fuel is injected directly in the cylinders, making combustible mixture with the compressed air. The mixture still doesn't sparks alone (doesn't reaches sufficiently a high pressure and temperature), than by plug as in the usual gasoline engine. GDI engine has ' 'pistons with nose", which from one side have groove. The fuel and air mixture is whirhng by the groove and directs on the plug. To the quality of cauterization helps expressly high degree of compression of 12: 1 what enables big specific power of this kind engines. GDI-engine in relation to common gasoline engine has 35% lower fuel consumption and 90% smaller contribution of the poisonous nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxides. Appeared cloud of combustible mixture the twisted nose of piston pushes directly on the plug, what makes easier its sparking. On such manner is reached proportionally to small fuel quantity stable cauterization.

d) EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION ESSENCE

2 STROKE ENGINE represents a volumetric machine for an uninterrupted transformation of the working media energy in the mechanical work. The technical solving of 2S engines are the following: 1) simplified gas exchange through the suction valve (6) and exhaust valve (3)

2) cleaner emission of the exhaust gases thankfully to the above leaded solving (3 and 6)

3) larger degree of compression and exploitation because of full cylinder liner (which hasn't slits)

4) new construction of piston (5) which contains in it self a suction system (6,7,8,9 and 10)

5) technical solving of the suction valve opening (6) by realisation of over pressure in the engine box(14)

6) lower thermal engine loading capacity thankfully to the exhaust valve (3) which is placed in the head of the engine(2) and which has eliminated the dead thermal angle in the head of the engine (2).

e) SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE DESIGN PICTURES

Picture number 1 - REVIEW OF COMPLETE ASSEMBLY IN THE SECTION Picture number 2 - SUCTION COMPRESSIBLE STROKE Picture number 3 - EXPANSION OR WORKING STROKE Picture number 3 a- MOMENT OF THE EXHAUST VALVE OPENING

Picture number 3b- MOMENT OF THE SUCTION VALVE OPENING (PHASE OF

SCOURING AND

FILLING OF WORKING CYLINDER) Picture number 3c- MOMENT OF BOTH VALVE CLOSING AND BEGINNING OF COMPRESSING PROCES IN THE ZERO POINT Picture number 4 - STROKE OF COMPRESSION

Picture number 5 - SUCTION COMPRESSIVE STROKE (IDENTICAL TO THE PICTURE No. 2)

f) DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

An exchange of gases are regulate in the performance with the suction (6) exhaust valve (3). The new construction of the suction valve (6) is placed in the front of piston (5) opposite to right away constructive solving which have had slits in the cylinder liner (4). Defects of slits have been those that has increased the friction in the liner (4) and that was slow down the inflow of gases in the working cylinder because of narrowness of the canal and the other way of gases. The problem is solved with it that is build in a valve in front of the piston (6) and with it enabled a direct flow of the gases from blocking- compressing part of the engine (14) in the working cylinder (4).

The new construction has enabled leading in the application a full cylinder liner (4) which is without slits and with it is improved the working quality of an engine. Scouring of engine is performed through the exhaust valve (3) placed in head of the engine (2) which is of a known conception and with the attained pressing of the cylinder filling (4) what is as well a known principle, but thanks to it that is regulated the work of valve (3,6), obtained is an improvement in the view of quantity of the filled mixture and quantity of the burned mixture. To explain: because of opening of the exhaust valve (3) comes to a fall of the pressure in working cylinder (4) which enables the flow of a fresh mixture through the suction valve (6) under certain overpressure and enlarged density of the mixture. That fresh mixture undisturbed lifts the burned mixture toward the exhaust valve (3) not mixing with the burned mixture. As it is known by present conception of 2S ENGINE the degree of remnant of the burned mixture which stays in the cylinder after scouring amounts 1/3 till VΛ of total volumetric value of the cylinder. By the new conception is obtained that such relation is reduced between 1/12 and 1/15. From this comes out that the new conception of the engine has better cauterisation and cleaner emission of the exhaust gases because of higher quality and more clean filling of the working cylinder (4).

The problem of engine heating is as well solved on the following manner: the suction valve (6) is cooled with direct influence of the cold mixture from the blocking- compressing space (14) which passes through the valve opening in the piston (5), which is directly connected with the valve (6) and that is in the same time a thermal discharging of the whole piston construction. The exhaust valve (3) which is in head of the engine (2) as well enables cooling of the same, because the hot gases don't retain in the fuel- compressive space or are staying very short so from that reason don't overload thermally the head of engine (2). With this short concept and description are stated the technical solving with which are eliminated the known anomalies and defects of the classic 2S ENGINES.

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS

1. Two stroke engine with valve distribution system is composed from: head of engine (2), in which is placed the exhaust valve (3) and electrode (1) which is fastened on the liner of cylinder (4) in which is placed the oscillation piston (5), "marked with it" that is build in the suction valve (6) .

2. Two stroke engine with valve distribution system toward the request No. l "marked with it' ' that the suction valve (6) opens by creation of overpressure in the engine box(14) and foreseen is conceptually to the mechanical-hydro-pneumatic opening.

3. Two stroke motor with valve distribution system toward the request No.l and 2) "marked with it" that the cylinder liner (4) has no slits than is full and the media exchange isn't performed through the frosting canals than directly through the piston valve system (5,6).