WO2004060636A1 - Verfahren und extrusionsvorrichtung zur verarbeitung einer mischung aus naturfasern und kunststoffen - Google Patents
Verfahren und extrusionsvorrichtung zur verarbeitung einer mischung aus naturfasern und kunststoffen Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004060636A1 WO2004060636A1 PCT/DE2003/004262 DE0304262W WO2004060636A1 WO 2004060636 A1 WO2004060636 A1 WO 2004060636A1 DE 0304262 W DE0304262 W DE 0304262W WO 2004060636 A1 WO2004060636 A1 WO 2004060636A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
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- natural fibers
- extrusion device
- degassing
- decompression
- mixture
- Prior art date
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/76—Venting, drying means; Degassing means
- B29C48/765—Venting, drying means; Degassing means in the extruder apparatus
- B29C48/766—Venting, drying means; Degassing means in the extruder apparatus in screw extruders
- B29C48/767—Venting, drying means; Degassing means in the extruder apparatus in screw extruders through a degassing opening of a barrel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/022—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
- B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
- B29C48/41—Intermeshing counter-rotating screws
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/76—Venting, drying means; Degassing means
- B29C48/762—Vapour stripping
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2791/00—Shaping characteristics in general
- B29C2791/004—Shaping under special conditions
- B29C2791/006—Using vacuum
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
- B29C2948/92514—Pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
- B29C2948/92533—Torque
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
- B29C2948/9258—Velocity
- B29C2948/9259—Angular velocity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
- B29C2948/92609—Dimensions
- B29C2948/92657—Volume or quantity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
- B29C2948/92704—Temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
- B29C2948/92809—Particular value claimed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
- B29C2948/92828—Raw material handling or dosing, e.g. active hopper or feeding device
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
- B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
- B29C2948/92866—Inlet shaft or slot, e.g. passive hopper; Injector, e.g. injector nozzle on barrel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
- B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
- B29C2948/92904—Die; Nozzle zone
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
- B29C2948/92952—Drive section, e.g. gearbox, motor or drive fluids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
- B29C2948/92961—Auxiliary unit, e.g. for external melt filtering, re-combining or transfer between units
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/268—Throttling of the flow, e.g. for cooperating with plasticising elements or for degassing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/285—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
- B29C48/288—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder in solid form, e.g. powder or granules
- B29C48/2886—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder in solid form, e.g. powder or granules of fibrous, filamentary or filling materials, e.g. thin fibrous reinforcements or fillers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/285—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
- B29C48/297—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder at several locations, e.g. using several hoppers or using a separate additive feeding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/76—Venting, drying means; Degassing means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
- B29K2105/12—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2311/00—Use of natural products or their composites, not provided for in groups B29K2201/00 - B29K2309/00, as reinforcement
- B29K2311/10—Natural fibres, e.g. wool or cotton
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2711/00—Use of natural products or their composites, not provided for in groups B29K2601/00 - B29K2709/00, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
- B29K2711/14—Wood, e.g. woodboard or fibreboard
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for processing a mixture of at least natural fibers and plastics in an extrusion device with an opposing twin screw, in which the plastic and the natural fibers are fed to the extrusion device in separate material streams or premixed. Furthermore, the invention relates to an extrusion device for processing a mixture of at least natural fibers and plastics with oppositely intermeshing twin screws, which are arranged in a double cylinder.
- Thermoplastic materials are mainly obtained from petroleum or salt resources. In principle, they can be recycled as often as required and are therefore available as "infinite materials”.
- Natural fibers such as wood flour, hemp or straw, coconut flour or rice husks, are renewable raw materials that end their normal life cycle through decomposition in nature The lifecycle of wood can be a century, but it is usually well below that. The lifecycle of other natural fibers is often very short.
- plastics can be mixed with natural fibers. This makes it possible to modify essential properties of the plastics, such as polyolefins, in such a way that their stiffness can be close to that of the hardwood, for example. It is essential that the combination of plastic and natural fibers creates a product with approximately the same recyclability as the plastic itself. By mixing plastic and natural fibers, the natural fiber is "conserved" as a resource for future generations.
- Screws for processing thermoplastic materials are constructed in such a way that different geometry zones exist along the screw length.
- Double screws ensure a very high pressure build-up and, unlike single screws, are extremely rigid.
- Tightly intermeshing, counter-rotating twin screws work according to one Pump.
- the twin screws are guided in a twin screw cylinder. In terms of process engineering, they are characterized by the center distance of the twin screws as well as the diameter and the process engineering length. The drive takes place via a reduction and a distribution gear.
- the invention has for its object to provide a method and an apparatus of the type mentioned, with which mixtures of natural fibers and plastics can be processed in an extrusion device in a particularly energy-saving manner and also the problem of drying the introduced natural fibers is solved.
- a vacuum is preferably applied in each of the at least four degassing areas.
- non-pre-dried natural fiber products are mixed into plastics.
- the moisture is extracted and the plastic mixed with the natural fibers, plasticized and discharged homogeneously at low temperatures. Since the natural fibers are not pre-dried outside the extrusion device, that is to say in the basic state, the problem of moisture re-absorption due to the hydrophilic properties is also eliminated.
- a defined predrying can be carried out within the extrusion device.
- the material does not have to be cooled after predrying and then heated again. The drying and heating of the material takes place in one process step, so that energy savings are achieved.
- the natural fibers used usually have a moisture content of 5% to 10%.
- Wood flour for example, often has a moisture level of the order of 6% to 8%. If fresh wood shavings with a moisture content of the order of 20% are used, pre-drying to a moisture content below 10% is advisable. However, the actual drying or final drying can also be carried out with the method according to the invention when using such starting materials.
- the drying of the natural fibers is preferably carried out alternately by compression and decompression with degassing during the decompression. This is preferably done along the length of the screw. Screws are preferably used whose ratio of length to diameter is 40 or greater. A large number of compression and decompression processes of the plastic mixture are preferably carried out along the screw length. Compression and decompression are preferably repeated at least four times. A vacuum is applied in the decompression area and thus moisture is extracted from the natural fibers or the mixture.
- the volume compression in the conveyor section is at least 1.5 and the decompression takes a value smaller than 0.8.
- 0.4% to 0.9% of the moisture can be extracted from individual natural fiber systems in each individual degassing zone.
- the mixture of plastic and natural fibers is pressed by a tool after drying and heating at a pressure of at least 1000 bar, in particular more than 1400 bar. The tool is designed so that the pressure of 1000 bar or 1400 bar builds up in front of the screw tip.
- the pressure is generated in a very short time window and is used in particular to press resin-like or meltable components present in the natural fibers into the outer region of the fibers and to use them as a connecting component between the fibers.
- the high pressure serves to make the "melted" resin component into an overall matrix for the wood-based material.
- a pressure of 1000 bar mixtures of 80% to 95% wood flour in combination with various plastics can be used to produce a product with very good results Properties without the use of more expensive additives
- a pressure of 1400 bar especially with wood flour from fir wood, a product with good properties can be produced without the use of more expensive additives.
- the mixture of plastics and natural fibers in the extrusion device is heated to a temperature of 140 ° C. to 200 ° C. essentially by friction.
- the temperature at the exit of the extruder should be as low as possible, since wood is very sensitive to temperature.
- the homogeneity of the temperature also plays an important role.
- Natural fibers and plastics are preferably mixed in the feed area of the extrusion device, the mixing preferably taking place in a funnel into which the plastics are fed.
- compression and decompression take place at least six times alternately, with degassing being carried out using a vacuum during the decompression.
- the geometry of the twin screws is such that volume compression and decompression take place at least four times alternately and that the sections in which the screw geometry causes decompression is assigned a degassing device with a vacuum connection.
- the twin screws preferably have six or more compression sections and six or more decompression sections.
- a funnel is arranged in the feed area of the extrusion device, in which funnel natural fibers and plastics are mixed.
- This funnel is preferred as a stuffing funnel educated.
- a control is preferably also provided with which the feed through the stuffing hopper is regulated in such a way that the twin screws acted upon by the stuffing hopper can be operated with constant torque.
- the degree of filling or the filling quantity in the intake volume of the twin screw is regulated by the stuffing hopper. Depending on the filling volume in the intake volume of the twin screw, the material is compressed in the individual compression areas.
- This material compression in its height is responsible for the sealing of the individual "vacuum zones" with each other, as well as for the degree of squeezing out of the water or heating in the compression zones.
- a regulation for keeping the torque of the main screw constant, including the manipulated variable speed or torque of the The stuffing screw allows constant operation, which is particularly advantageous if, due to the use of different natural fibers or different degrees of moisture, material fluctuations can unstably affect the process be used.
- a tool is provided in the exit area of the extrusion device, through which the mixture of natural fibers and plastic is pressed, the tool building up a pressure of at least 1000 bar in the mixture of natural fibers and plastic to be extruded.
- the tool preferably has adjustment elements Setting the pressure build-up or pressure on.
- the natural fibers can be influenced particularly well by such high pressures.
- one or more, in particular at least three, of the degassing devices have degassing cyclones.
- Such degassing cyclones are funnel-shaped at the top, so that the air velocity decreases while the volume flow remains constant and, as a result, may be retained and rejected with ejected dust or small particles.
- the inner walls of the degassing cyclones are preferably provided with a heating device, so that they can be heated so that condensation of liquid and backflow of the liquid into the extrusion device is prevented. All degassing devices are preferably provided with such degassing cyclones.
- FIG. 1 shows a side view of an extrusion device according to the invention
- FIG. 2 a front view of an extrusion device according to the invention according to FIG. 1
- 3 a screw of a pair of twin screws for use in the extrusion device according to the invention.
- 1 shows a schematic side view of an extrusion device 30 according to the invention.
- 1 denotes a feed device for plastics and 2 denotes a feed device for natural fibers, both of which feed the fed substances into a hopper 3.
- the funnel 3 is designed as a mixing funnel and for this purpose has a motor 31 for driving a mixing device.
- a mixing and stuffing screw 4 realizes the mixing and stuffing of the supplied components.
- the mixing and stuffing screw 4 is driven by the motor 31.
- the funnel 3 opens into the cylinder 5, in which double screws, which mesh in opposite directions, are arranged. This is where the natural fibers that were not further dried are dried.
- a first degassing opening 6 with a small degassing funnel 7 and an atmospheric connection 8 is provided in the cylinder at a short distance behind the funnel 3.
- This first degassing opening for atmospheric degassing is necessary to vent the mixture of plastic and natural fibers. This contains air in particular through the introduction of the tamping unit. However, the mixture of natural fibers and plastic is not yet hot enough to allow water vapor to form, i.e. to ensure drying.
- each of these degassing devices is assigned a decompression area of the twin screw arranged in the cylinder 5.
- water vapor is released, which is drawn off with a high vacuum via the degassing devices 33, 34, 35, 36 and 37.
- each degassing device further drying of the residual moisture by about one percentage point is achieved.
- 0.6 bar to 0.8 bar negative pressure is used in the degassing devices.
- the degassing devices are further explained using the degassing device 34.
- the degassing device 34 is designed as a degassing cyclone 14 with an externally surrounding heater 18, which in particular heats the wall areas tapering downwards in a funnel shape and in this way prevents condensation of liquid in this area.
- a pipe 16 for steam control with a vacuum pump 15 and a drain 17 for condensate is connected.
- the areas 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25 are designed to be closed. In these areas, the mixture of plastic and natural fibers is compressed using the appropriately designed twin screw. The mixture is decompressed and degassed in the subsequent areas.
- the plastic material is melted in the closed section 26 and a pressure is built up to overcome the tool 27. With this, the contour design can also be used to manufacture granules.
- the contour design can also be used to manufacture granules.
- the base of the extrusion device 30 are next to the frame additional motors and devices for control and electronic control installed.
- FIG. 2 shows a front view of the extrusion device 30 according to the invention according to FIG. 1.
- the front degassing device 37 can also be seen.
- the tool 27 and the screws 40 and 41 provided behind it in the double cylinder 5, which form the counter-rotating double screw, can be seen at the front.
- FIG. 3 shows a side view of a right-hand screw 40 with the compression and decompression sections.
- the worm 40 has in particular a central shaft 51, at the end of which a toothing 42 is provided for the introduction of force.
- a first section 45 which is arranged in the region of the hopper 3, which is indicated in the drawing, the worm 40 and in particular the webs 43 and 44 are designed as intake sections.
- the webs 47 are significantly steeper and in particular are designed to form a first compression section.
- the slope of the webs 50 is substantially flatter and wider than in the compression section.
- This section 49 therefore forms a degassing section which is assigned to one of the degassing devices 33, 34, 35, 36 or 37 shown in FIG. 2.
- Section 49 is followed by a section 52, namely a second compression section, with corresponding webs 53, which in turn are steep and are closely related to each other. This is followed by further, appropriately designed degassing and compression sections.
- a stuffing screw 4 is mounted vertically, which presses the plastic / natural fiber mixture into the twin screw feed. Depending on the stuffing screw speed, the inlet area of the twin screw is more or less filled.
- This compression and decompression process takes place at least four times along the length of the screw, with a vacuum being applied at least four times. In individual cases, more than eight degassings can be built up. 8) The process or device-specific structure ensures through its arrangement that there is usually none in the last degassing zone
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03814456A EP1583648A1 (de) | 2002-12-30 | 2003-12-30 | Verfahren und extrusionsvorrichtung zur verarbeitung einer mischung aus naturfasern und kunststoffen |
AU2003296550A AU2003296550A1 (en) | 2002-12-30 | 2003-12-30 | Method and extrusion device for processing a mixture consisting of natural fibers and synthetic materials |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10261713 | 2002-12-30 | ||
DE10261714.7 | 2002-12-30 | ||
DE10261714 | 2002-12-30 | ||
DE10261713.9 | 2002-12-30 | ||
DE10261715 | 2002-12-30 | ||
DE10261715.5 | 2002-12-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004060636A1 true WO2004060636A1 (de) | 2004-07-22 |
Family
ID=32718437
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2003/004262 WO2004060636A1 (de) | 2002-12-30 | 2003-12-30 | Verfahren und extrusionsvorrichtung zur verarbeitung einer mischung aus naturfasern und kunststoffen |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1583648A1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2003296550A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2004060636A1 (de) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008119559A2 (de) * | 2007-04-03 | 2008-10-09 | Blach Verwaltungs Gmbh & Co. Kg | Mehrwellenextrudervorrichtung und verfahren zum betreiben derselben |
FR2916382A1 (fr) * | 2007-05-21 | 2008-11-28 | France Urba Soc Par Actions Si | Procede de fabrication d'objet extrude a base de polymere thermoplastique a aspect veine et fibreux |
CN101823298A (zh) * | 2010-05-05 | 2010-09-08 | 杭州师范大学 | 用于高份额植物纤维填充聚烯烃木塑复合材料的塑化造粒设备 |
EP3115166A1 (de) * | 2015-07-07 | 2017-01-11 | Leistritz Extrusionstechnik GmbH | Verfahren zum verarbeiten eines ungetrockneten, in partikelform vorliegenden polymers oder polymergemischs mittels eines ein- oder mehrwelligen extruders, und extruder hierfür |
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DE2417792A1 (de) * | 1974-04-11 | 1975-10-30 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zum einmischen von zusatzstoffen in kunststoffe unter gleichzeitigem entfernen fluechtiger bestandteile |
US4073773A (en) * | 1976-12-30 | 1978-02-14 | General Electric Company | Melt polymerization method for making polyetherimides |
US4120920A (en) * | 1975-09-25 | 1978-10-17 | Societe Nationale Des Poudres Et Explosifs | Process for extrusion of pyrotechnical compositions |
US5205973A (en) * | 1989-10-31 | 1993-04-27 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Precoagulation process for incorporating organic fibrous fillers |
DE4446129A1 (de) * | 1993-12-24 | 1995-06-29 | Theysohn Friedrich Fa | Verfahren zum Aufbereiten von feuchtem Material |
US5459168A (en) * | 1993-08-20 | 1995-10-17 | Fried. Krupp Ag Hoesch-Krupp | Process for separating low molecular weight compounds from an impure thermoplastic polymer or mixture |
WO2000007799A1 (en) * | 1998-08-04 | 2000-02-17 | Teijin Limited | Twin screw extruder, method of making aromatic polycarbonate using a twin screw extruder, and method of removing volatiles from an aromatic polycarbonate melt |
US6479002B1 (en) * | 1998-12-30 | 2002-11-12 | Haller Formholz | Extrusion of plant materials encapsulated in a thermoplastic |
-
2003
- 2003-12-30 AU AU2003296550A patent/AU2003296550A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-12-30 WO PCT/DE2003/004262 patent/WO2004060636A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-12-30 EP EP03814456A patent/EP1583648A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE2417792A1 (de) * | 1974-04-11 | 1975-10-30 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zum einmischen von zusatzstoffen in kunststoffe unter gleichzeitigem entfernen fluechtiger bestandteile |
US4120920A (en) * | 1975-09-25 | 1978-10-17 | Societe Nationale Des Poudres Et Explosifs | Process for extrusion of pyrotechnical compositions |
US4073773A (en) * | 1976-12-30 | 1978-02-14 | General Electric Company | Melt polymerization method for making polyetherimides |
US5205973A (en) * | 1989-10-31 | 1993-04-27 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Precoagulation process for incorporating organic fibrous fillers |
US5459168A (en) * | 1993-08-20 | 1995-10-17 | Fried. Krupp Ag Hoesch-Krupp | Process for separating low molecular weight compounds from an impure thermoplastic polymer or mixture |
DE4446129A1 (de) * | 1993-12-24 | 1995-06-29 | Theysohn Friedrich Fa | Verfahren zum Aufbereiten von feuchtem Material |
WO2000007799A1 (en) * | 1998-08-04 | 2000-02-17 | Teijin Limited | Twin screw extruder, method of making aromatic polycarbonate using a twin screw extruder, and method of removing volatiles from an aromatic polycarbonate melt |
US6479002B1 (en) * | 1998-12-30 | 2002-11-12 | Haller Formholz | Extrusion of plant materials encapsulated in a thermoplastic |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008119559A2 (de) * | 2007-04-03 | 2008-10-09 | Blach Verwaltungs Gmbh & Co. Kg | Mehrwellenextrudervorrichtung und verfahren zum betreiben derselben |
WO2008119559A3 (de) * | 2007-04-03 | 2008-11-20 | Blach Verwaltungs Gmbh & Co Kg | Mehrwellenextrudervorrichtung und verfahren zum betreiben derselben |
FR2916382A1 (fr) * | 2007-05-21 | 2008-11-28 | France Urba Soc Par Actions Si | Procede de fabrication d'objet extrude a base de polymere thermoplastique a aspect veine et fibreux |
CN101823298A (zh) * | 2010-05-05 | 2010-09-08 | 杭州师范大学 | 用于高份额植物纤维填充聚烯烃木塑复合材料的塑化造粒设备 |
CN101823298B (zh) * | 2010-05-05 | 2013-06-05 | 杭州师范大学 | 用于高份额植物纤维填充聚烯烃木塑复合材料的塑化造粒设备 |
EP3115166A1 (de) * | 2015-07-07 | 2017-01-11 | Leistritz Extrusionstechnik GmbH | Verfahren zum verarbeiten eines ungetrockneten, in partikelform vorliegenden polymers oder polymergemischs mittels eines ein- oder mehrwelligen extruders, und extruder hierfür |
CN106335174A (zh) * | 2015-07-07 | 2017-01-18 | 莱斯特里兹压制技术有限公司 | 利用单轴或多轴的挤出机加工未干燥的、颗粒状的聚合物或聚合物混合物的方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1583648A1 (de) | 2005-10-12 |
AU2003296550A1 (en) | 2004-07-29 |
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