WO2004051796A1 - Reseau d'antennes bidimensionnel - Google Patents

Reseau d'antennes bidimensionnel Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004051796A1
WO2004051796A1 PCT/EP2003/013726 EP0313726W WO2004051796A1 WO 2004051796 A1 WO2004051796 A1 WO 2004051796A1 EP 0313726 W EP0313726 W EP 0313726W WO 2004051796 A1 WO2004051796 A1 WO 2004051796A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
radiator
radiators
column
groups
antenna array
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2003/013726
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Max GÖTTL
Jürgen RUMOLD
Original Assignee
Kathrein-Werke Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE10256960A external-priority patent/DE10256960B3/de
Application filed by Kathrein-Werke Kg filed Critical Kathrein-Werke Kg
Priority to CA2506198A priority Critical patent/CA2506198C/fr
Priority to ES03767743.2T priority patent/ES2590911T3/es
Priority to AU2003292188A priority patent/AU2003292188A1/en
Priority to KR1020057005826A priority patent/KR101060067B1/ko
Priority to EP03767743.2A priority patent/EP1525642B1/fr
Publication of WO2004051796A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004051796A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/062—Two dimensional planar arrays using dipole aerials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/22—Antenna units of the array energised non-uniformly in amplitude or phase, e.g. tapered array or binomial array
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H01Q21/26—Turnstile or like antennas comprising arrangements of three or more elongated elements disposed radially and symmetrically in a horizontal plane about a common centre
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a two-dimensional antenna array according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a generic antenna array usually comprises a plurality of radiators or radiator groups, at least ', however, two side by side and two stacked emitters or emitter groups, so that a two-dimensional array arrangement.
  • a two-dimensional antenna array can have four vertically running columns arranged horizontally next to one another, in which, for example, six to ten radiators or groups of radiators, which are staggered in the vertical direction, are arranged.
  • such antennas are sometimes also referred to as "smart antennas", which can also be used, for example, in the military to track targets (radar). These applications are often referred to as "phased array” antennas.
  • these antennas have also been bilfunk used, especially in the frequency ranges 800 MHz to 1000 MHz or 1700 MHz to 2200 MHz.
  • Antenna arrays of this type regardless of whether they are fundamentally dual-polarized or only consist of single-polarized radiators, can be used to determine the direction of the incoming signal. At the same time, however, the radiation direction can also be changed by appropriately coordinating the phase position of the transmission signals _Le fed into the individual columns, i.e. selective beam shaping takes place.
  • This alignment of the radiation direction of the antenna axray in different horizontal directions can be carried out by electronic beam swiveling, ie the phase positions of the individual signals can be set by suitable signal processing. Suitable dimensioned passive beam forming networks are also possible. The use of active phase shifters or those which can be controlled by control signals in these feed networks to change the radiation direction is also known.
  • a beam shaping network can consist, for example, of a so-called Butler matrix, which has, for example, four inputs and four outputs. Depending on the connected input, the network creates a different but fixed phase relationship between the emitters in the individual dipole rows.
  • Butler matrix which has, for example, four inputs and four outputs. Depending on the connected input, the network creates a different but fixed phase relationship between the emitters in the individual dipole rows.
  • Such one Antenna construction with a Butler matrix has become known, for example, from the generic US Pat. No. 6,351,243.
  • the electronic pivoting of the horizontal diagram can be carried out by using fixed phases or by using phase shifters between the columns.
  • the antenna array can of course also be used in such a way that the individual radiators or radiator groups in the individual columns are operated independently of one another in order to be used independently of one another in a desired transmission or reception mode.
  • Such antenna arrays have a radiation diagram with respect to the radiators or radiator groups arranged individually in a column, the half-width of which extends in the horizontal direction is approximately between 80 ° and 100 °.
  • the half-value width of the column radiators by providing at least one additional radiator or at least one additional radiator group, preferably in relation to the radiators or radiator groups arranged vertically one above the other in a column is housed in a neighboring column. This is fed at least one additional radiator or this at least one additional radiator group but not with the radiators or radiator groups in the relevant column in which they are arranged, but rather together with the radiators or radiator groups of the adjacent column.
  • This enables the half-width to be significantly reduced, the optimum, desired half-width being able to be preferably set by shifting the column assigned to a specific column arranged number of radiators or radiator groups is selected in a suitable manner.
  • the use of two additional radiators or radiator groups in an antenna array with six to twelve radiators or radiator groups arranged one above the other is sufficient to achieve a half-value width of approximately 60 ° to 65 °.
  • the solution according to the invention can be used if the radiators used in the individual columns consist of linearly polarized radiators, or else of dual-polarized or circularly polarized radiators.
  • All suitable emitters can be considered, for example dipole emitters in the form of conventional dipole emitters (in particular in the case of linearly polarized antennas) or, for example, dipole arrangements formed in the manner of a dipole square but radiating in the manner of a dipole cross, such as are basically found in WO 00/39894 are known to be known.
  • dipole squares can also be used, or patch radiators etc. In particular in the case of cruciform radiator arrangements, these can preferably be oriented in a +/- 45 ° orientation in the horizontal or vertical.
  • the column spacing that is to say the distance between the radiators or radiator groups between two adjacent columns, is preferably approximately ⁇ / 2 of the mean operating wavelength. In principle, however, this column spacing can be in a range from 0.25 ⁇ to 1.0 ⁇ of the operating wavelength, preferably the mean operating wavelength.
  • the vertical spacing of the radiators in a column is preferably 0.7 ⁇ to 1.2 ⁇ . Should be in between Additional emitters or an additional emitter group (which is fed together with the emitters in an adjacent column) are integrated, the free distance to an upper or lower emitter or lower emitter group is preferably reduced to half the distance.
  • the antenna according to the invention can be operated in such a way that the radiators or radiator groups generally provided in one column are fed and operated independently of those in an adjacent column (of course with the exception of the additional radiators or radiator groups integrated according to the invention, which work together with those in a neighboring column).
  • the emitters or emitter groups provided in a column are preferably controllable via phase shifters, by means of which a different lowering angle, a so-called different down-tilt angle, can be set compared to a horizontal plane.
  • a remotely controllable phase change with respect to the radiators or radiator groups assigned to the individual columns can also be carried out in such a way that a desired down-tilt in each column Setting can be made.
  • an antenna array of the type described can also be used for beam shaping in any manner, in particular if the individual Columns and the emitters or emitter groups provided there are preceded by a so-called Butler matrix or similar beam-forming networks.
  • hybrids can be added in the individual columns.
  • the columns are preferably provided with a uniform spacing next to one another, but antenna arrays with non-uniform spacing can also be realized next to one another.
  • the individual emitters or groups of emitters can each be arranged at the same height in the individual columns or can be arranged offset from one another in the vertical direction.
  • the center position of a radiator or a radiator group can be arranged in a column at any relative vertical height to the respective position of the radiators or radiator groups provided there.
  • the vertical offset can also correspond exactly to half the vertical distance between two radiators or radiator groups arranged one above the other.
  • the emitters or emitter groups are arranged offset from one another in the vertical direction in two adjacent columns, this offers the advantage that the additional emitter or emitter groups provided, which are assigned to a specific column but are arranged in an adjacent column can be arranged so that they come to lie on the same contour next to a spotlight or spotlight group in the column belonging to them. This ultimately allows an optimized antenna to be implemented, without increasing their size.
  • the additionally provided radiators or radiator groups for reducing the half-value width can be arranged both in the middle and at the upper and / or lower end of a column. They can also be arranged in any position in between. Using these positioning measures, fine optimizations can be carried out.
  • At least one additional radiator or an additional radiator group is provided for each column, which are integrated horizontally or offset with horizontal or vertical components in an adjacent column.
  • the maximum number of these additional radiators or radiator groups corresponds to the number N-1, where N corresponds to the number of radiators or radiator groups provided in one column.
  • all radiators or groups of radiators in a column are arranged at an equal distance from one another in the vertical direction, at least one radiator or one radiator group, possibly also several, in each case being fed with the radiators or radiator groups in an adjacent column.
  • FIG. 1 a schematic front view of a two-column antenna array according to the invention
  • Figure la an excerpted schematic perspective view of a so-called dipole radiator, as used in the embodiment of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 2 shows a detailed illustration of the antenna array according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 with radiators or radiator groups in only one column and the horizontally offset additional radiators or radiator groups provided in accordance with the invention in a neighboring column;
  • FIG. 3 a corresponding partial representation from the antenna array according to FIG. 1, but with regard to the radiators or radiator groups provided in the second column and the horizontally offset further radiators or radiator groups provided for this purpose;
  • Figure 4 a modified embodiment of the antenna array of Figure 1;
  • Figure 5 another modified embodiment;
  • FIG. 6 another modified exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 7 a further exemplary embodiment modified from FIG. 1, consisting of a multiplicity of cruciform dipole radiator groups (cross radiators);
  • FIG. 9 a further exemplary embodiment, modified from FIG. 1, for a two-column antenna array using patch radiators;
  • FIG. 10 a further modified exemplary embodiment using simple polarized radiators, preferably linearly polarized dipole radiators, which according to this exemplary embodiment are oriented in the vertical direction;
  • FIG. 11 another modified exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 12 a further exemplary embodiment for a two-column antenna array
  • Figure 13 an embodiment slightly modified from Figure 12;
  • Figure 14 an embodiment of a four-column antenna array.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic top view of an antenna array 1 according to the invention, which usually has a rear reflector 3 which runs vertically when the antenna array is aligned vertically.
  • the reflector 3 can consist, for example, of an electrically conductive plate or a plate provided with an electrically conductive surface, it being possible to provide webs which are angled or even perpendicular to the reflector plane and extend over a certain height to the reflector plane at the vertical outer boundaries.
  • the antenna array 1 comprises two columns 5.
  • each of the columns 5 several, ie at least two primary or first, ie fundamentally provided radiators or radiator groups 9 are arranged offset in the vertical direction, for example the left column 5a via two inputs 11a are fed, namely for each polarization via an input.
  • only one input 11a would be provided. That is, all eight radiators or radiator groups 9, which are shown dark in FIG. 1 and are arranged one above the other at regular vertical intervals, are fed with an equal phase position via an input 11a.
  • the respective one above the other ordered simply polarized radiators or groups of radiators only fed via a single input 11.
  • the antenna array should also be adjustable in electrical terms with a different down-tilt angle (i.e. in different radiation angles with respect to the horizontal plane)
  • various phase shifters can also be integrated in the antenna array, via which the individually vertically arranged radiators or Groups of radiators arranged one above the other with different phase positions could be fed in.
  • phase position for the radiators or radiator groups arranged vertically one above the other being adjustable via the feed network (not shown in more detail) with, for example, a plurality of phase shifters.
  • feed network not shown in more detail
  • the two radiators or radiator groups 9 provided in the right-hand column 5b and arranged at regular vertical intervals one above the other are fed via two second inputs 11b, likewise with the same phase position or, if a feed network is used, with one or more phase shifters with different phase positions to generate a down-tilt angle ,
  • the emitters or emitter groups 9 consist of so-called cross-vector dipoles, which are aligned in their beam direction at + 45 ° or -45 ° with respect to the horizontal or vertical.
  • the structure and mode of operation of these, in the schematic representation according to FIG. radiating emitters which are polarized in their electrical effect in the manner of cross dipoles in two mutually perpendicular planes are known in principle from WO 00/39894, the disclosure of which is referred to in its entirety and made the content of this application.
  • cross-vector dipoles conventional cross-dipoles or dipole squares or patch radiators etc. can also be used if the individual radiators or radiator groups are to radiate in two mutually perpendicular polarization planes. This will be discussed later with the aid of further schematic figures.
  • the invention now provides that additional emitters or groups of emitters are provided.
  • radiators and radiator groups 9 are shown, which are provided in the left column 5a in the antenna array in FIG. 1 are (as has already been explained with reference to FIG. 1).
  • the emitters or emitter groups 9 belonging to the second column and shown brightly in FIG. 1 have been omitted in the example according to FIG.
  • two additional radiators or radiator groups 109, 109a are now provided in this exemplary embodiment, which are arranged offset to the first column 5a, preferably in the embodiment Example in the second column 5b. These are fed together with the radiators or radiator groups 9 provided in the first column.
  • the half-value width can now be reduced.
  • the measure of the half-width with respect to the two central radiators or radiator groups 9 ' is, for example, even bundled up to 45 °.
  • the far field however, only a half-width is perceived, which results in the overall half-width reduction, for example to a desired range of approximately 60 ° or 65 °.
  • radiators or radiator groups 109, 109b are also provided for the radiators or radiator groups 9 for the second column 5b, which - as can be seen in particular in FIG.
  • radiators or radiator groups 109, 109b are also shown together with the radiators or radiator groups 9 in the second column
  • the antenna shown in FIG. 1 is ultimately composed of the two antenna parts according to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3.
  • the emitters or emitter groups in the first column 5a by half the vertical the distance between two radiators or radiator groups 9 arranged in the adjacent column are arranged offset, this opens up the possibility that the additional radiators or radiator groups 109, 109a or 109, 109b each reduce the respective half-value width in the other column at the same height Loungers come between two vertically adjacent radiators or groups of radiators provided there.
  • the two-column antenna array can be provided without a down-tilt device. All radiators 9 are then fed uniformly for both polarizations via the feed inputs 11a and 11b. For this reason, the additional radiators 109a or 109b, which are additionally provided for the respective main group 5a or 5b and then arranged in a secondary column, can each be supplied with the same phase position as the radiators belonging to the respective main column.
  • the radiator 9 'arranged in the left column 5a is fed with the same phase position as the additional radiator 109' a arranged in the secondary column.
  • the further radiator 9 ′′ located underneath can be fed, for example, in a further shifted phase position, but together with the radiator arrangement 109 ′′ a located in the secondary column.
  • FIG. 1 a in which an enlarged detailed illustration of the antenna according to FIG. 1 is shown in perspective.
  • an edge delimitation 3 ′ which extends essentially perpendicularly or at least transversely to the reflector plane 3, can also be provided on the outside at the vertical edge of the reflector.
  • the individual columns 5a and 5b can also be separated or divided in between by a further boundary wall or boundary web, which preferably extends perpendicular to the reflector plane and which can also have a different height than the outer reflector boundaries 3 '.
  • the antenna array according to the invention can be constructed in its simplest form in such a way that it only comprises two vertically running columns 5a and 5b.
  • a radiator arrangement is provided in each of the at least two vertically extending columns 5a and 5b, which is fed.
  • the radiator arrangement provided in the two columns 5a and 5b in each case comprises at least one radiator or at least one radiator group 9.
  • At least one column 5a or 5b is at least one further offset from the radiator arrangement already provided there in the vertical direction additional radiator or at least one additional radiator group 109b or 109a is provided and that at least one additional radiator or at least one additional radiator group 109b or 109a is fed with the radiator arrangement arranged in the other column 5b or 5a.
  • the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4 differs from that according to FIG. 1 in two respects, namely in that, on the one hand, only one additional emitter or an additional emitter group 109a or 109b is provided for each column 5, on the other hand not more in the middle region here of the antenna array, but is laterally offset from the radiator element arranged at the top or at the bottom. This also reduces the full width at half maximum with respect to all radiators or radiator arrangements in a respective column.
  • two additional radiators or radiator arrangements 109a and 109b are again provided per column, specifically at the upper and at the lower end or end region of the antenna array.
  • radiators or radiator groups 9 provided in each column 5 at the same horizontal height are combined. arranged differently, in pairs.
  • the additionally provided radiators or radiator groups 109, which are alternately mounted in the adjacent column must be provided at an intermediate height to the radiators or radiator groups provided in the respective main column, as can be seen from FIG. 6.
  • the additional radiators 109a or, respectively, provided for a respective main column 5a or 5b and arranged in the respective secondary column 5b or 5a, respectively, 109b are fed with a phase position that either corresponds to the optimal phase position according to their horizontal arrangement, or has a phase position that corresponds, for example, to the radiator arranged in the associated main column 5a or 5b immediately above or immediately below.
  • the upper additional radiator 109 'a could therefore have a phase position, for example, which corresponds either to the phase position of the radiator 9' or radiator 9 "in the associated main column 5a.
  • the additional radiator 109 provided in column 5b "a could in turn have a phase which corresponds to the phase position of the radiator 9" or 9 "'provided in the main column 5a.
  • FIG 7 shows that the same antenna arrangement as in FIG Can be constructed using conventional cross radiators.
  • FIG. 9 shows a corresponding exemplary embodiment using patch radiators.
  • all of the above-mentioned antenna arrays are constructed in such a way that they radiate or receive in two mutually perpendicular polarization planes which are aligned by + 45 ° or -45 ° with respect to the horizontal or vertical.
  • an antenna array with two columns 5 with only vertically polarized dipoles is shown.
  • the emitters or groups of emitters may not necessarily consist of dual-polarized emitters (or, for example, of circularly polarized emitters), but may also consist of linearly polarized emitters or groups of emitters.
  • FIG. 11 describes a further variant.
  • the two-column antenna array 1 according to FIG. 11 is basically similar to the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 3. builds.
  • the special features lie in the fact that in each column only an odd number of main radiators 9 are initially arranged, namely in column 5a in the same vertical section one above the other in this exemplary embodiment, nine radiators 9, as well as in column 5b. Due to the odd number of main radiators in each column, one radiator 9 'comes to lie in the middle of the antenna array.
  • radiators 109a are provided for the radiators provided in column 5a, which are now arranged half a vertical distance in accordance with the vertical spacing between the radiators 9.
  • the antenna also operated again at a certain down-tilt angle, ie the radiators 9 arranged vertically one above the other in a column are fed with different phase positions, so in this exemplary embodiment the additionally provided radiators 109 'a and 109 "a are preferably used with the fed in the same phase position as that of the central radiator 9 1 provided in column 5a, which is provided here in column 5a.
  • the center radiator in column 5b is fed with the same phase position as the two additional radiators 109b which are offset and provided in column 5a.
  • the additional emitters 109 'a are fed with the phase position of the emitter 9 ".
  • Further additional emitters 109" a could be supplied with the phase position of the lower-lying emitter 9 "'. This would also achieve a high degree of symmetry become.
  • the emitters or emitter groups 9 in a column 5 have a distance between the respective emitters or emitter groups 9 in the adjacent column 5b, for example, between 0.25 ⁇ and 1 ⁇ , preferably by ⁇ / 2.
  • ⁇ represents a wavelength of the operating wavelength, preferably the average operating wavelength in a frequency band to be transmitted.
  • the vertical distance between the individual radiators in the individual columns preferably differs between 0.7 ⁇ and 1.3 ⁇ .
  • antenna arrays with three, four or even more columns can also be provided, the columns preferably being at a uniform distance from one another when viewed in the horizontal direction. But columns with uneven spacing next to each other are also possible.
  • the number of additional radiators which are additionally integrated in the respective other column consist of at least one radiator or at least one radiator group 109, 109a or 109b.
  • the number of these additionally provided emitters 109a, 109b is preferably limited in maximum terms to a number which is one less than the "provided emitters or emitter groups" in the associated main column.
  • the radiators or radiator groups 109, 109 'additionally provided in each case need not be provided exactly in the vertical line in which the radiators or radiator groups of the respectively adjacent column are arranged. In other words, an additional offset in Horizontal direction may be provided.
  • half-widths of, for example, preferably 45 °, 50 °, 55 °, 60 ° or also 65 ° or 70 ° or any intermediate sizes can be realized. It is also possible not to provide one or more columns with the additionally integrated radiators explained, so that conventional half-value widths for this column of, for example, 75 °, 80 ° or 85 ° can be realized.
  • the individual columns 5, 5a, 5b etc. can be set electrically independently of one another, preferably via their own phase shifters. In the same way, however, the gaps can also be set electrically together, preferably via coupled phase shifters. If the explained examples of the antenna arrays are provided with an integrated electromechanical unit, the main radiator (main lobe) of the respective radiator arranged in a column can be electrically lowered by means of remote control. If necessary, retrofitting to carry out a remote-controlled lowering can also be carried out here.
  • the columns can also be operated jointly, for example, with a Butler matrix or other upstream beam-forming networks in order to implement what is known as beam-forming.
  • the columns can also be switched with hybrids in order to be able to implement beam forming.
  • the antenna can also be provided with a calibration device in order to determine the phase positions of the individual columns.
  • radiators are always fed together with the radiators actually provided in an adjacent column with the same phase position.
  • additional emitters or emitter groups provided for a column and laterally offset to this column with an electrical phase different from the assigned column, as a result of which the "tracking method" can still be changed.
  • an antenna array with two columns 5, i.e. a column 5a and a column 5b are provided, in which a plurality of dual-polarized radiators 9 are arranged one above the other at a regular vertical distance.
  • the emitters 9 shown in bright colors in FIG. 12 are fed together in the left column 5a.
  • an emitter 109b is shown, which is dark.
  • this radiator 109b shown in the middle in the left column 5a and drawn in dark, would also be fed with the other radiators in this column 5a.
  • the vertical distance between all radiators 9 shown would be of the left column 5a can be arranged vertically one above the other, to a large extent or to the greatest extent, at the same grid distance.
  • All the brightly drawn radiator elements located in the left column 5a are now fed together with the radiator 109a, also brightly drawn and arranged in the right column 5b.
  • the vertical raster sequence ie the vertical distance, generally speaking the vertical component of the spatial distance between two adjacent, jointly fed radiators 9, 109, has therefore remained the same. This is because, starting from a conventional antenna array according to the prior art, a radiator 109 has merely been taken and positioned in an adjacent column 5b. Nevertheless, all of these emitters, which are shown brightly in FIG. 12, are fed together.
  • the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 12 results solely from the fact that, starting from a conventional radiator element, those in a contour line per se positioned emitters 109a and 109b are not arranged in the column in which they are fed together with the remaining emitters 109, but that these two are on the same radiators 109a, 109b, which are more of a contour, are exchanged in their position, so that the radiator 109a, which is fed together with the radiators 9 located in column 5a, is now in another column offset, generally in an adjacent column 5b is seated, and that conversely the radiator 109b which is in common with the radiators 9 fed in the right column 5b is now positioned in the left column.
  • radiators 109a, 109b are only defined on a common contour, which are not fed together with the radiators located in the same column, but rather alternately with the radiators be fed together in a neighboring group.
  • a further pair of radiators could of course also be used on other contour lines, in which the radiator in question is not fed together with the further radiators located in the same column, but rather with the radiators arranged in an adjacent column ,
  • the number of radiators or radiator groups provided in total in each column can of course be larger or lower than in the exemplary embodiment shown.
  • the number of emitters in the individual columns can also differ.
  • the type of radiator element used can be selected differently, for example in the form of a dipole cross, dipole squares, a so-called vector dipole as it is based on the exemplary embodiment is explained in accordance with FIG. 12, etc.
  • the radiators 109a and 109b located in another column in FIG. 1 could also be arranged offset to the outside, so that the total width of the antenna array would thereby be twice as wide. However, this would only require unnecessary installation space, which is why the much more efficient, space-saving way is as explained with reference to FIG. This is because the radiators 109a and 109b can be offset laterally without requiring additional installation space.
  • radiators which are fed together in each case as an antenna, which are separated from the majority and arranged and fed in another column Spotlights is operated.
  • the jointly fed radiators are sufficiently decoupled from the other radiators, although they can usually be operated or used in the same frequency band or frequency range.
  • transmission mode usually only one antenna is used, ie, for example, the radiators 9 located in the left column 5a in FIG.
  • the radiators 9 located in the left column 5a in FIG. By means of this at least one additional radiator unit 109a, the beam width is changed in the horizontal direction and can thereby preferably be reduced.
  • the width of such a columnar antenna structure is between 80 to 100 °, ie in particular around 90 °, this half-width being practically not able to be changed or reduced.
  • the antenna arrays in question can preferably also be used as so-called smart antennas, in which the radiators located in several columns are used to carry out beam shaping in order to be able to set the main lobe of the antenna array in different azimuth directions, it is particularly necessary that the horizontal distance between the centers of the emitters, i.e.
  • the horizontal distance between vertical lines on which the emitters 9 are arranged in two adjacent columns is approximately ⁇ / 2 (the deviation preferably being less than + 20% or less than + 10% or should be less than ⁇ 5%), this in itself makes the task of finding a solution more difficult in order to reduce the radiation spectrum of a single antenna to significantly below 90 ° half-value width.
  • the solution according to the invention with the arrangement of one or more radiators or groups of radiators in an adjacent column.
  • the antenna array when receiving, can also be operated separately with respect to the radiation of individual columns, or can be interconnected in several columns.
  • FIG. 13 differs from FIG. 12 only in that not only eleven radiators but only nine radiators are arranged in a column one above the other. However, this is relatively insignificant in this respect, since the number of radiators arranged one above the other can deviate as desired in the individual columns.
  • the Horizontal offset of the two central radiators 109a and 109b, which are alternately fed with the radiators 9 in the other column, is greater than the horizontal distance of the remaining radiators, each arranged on a contour line, in the adjacent columns. This also allows the horizontal beam spectrum to be influenced and changed again.
  • the distance between the centers of the radiators arranged in the left and right columns is approximately ⁇ / 2 per se or is in this range.
  • the distance between the emitters of the left and right columns can be, for example, less than ⁇ / 2 ⁇ 20% or preferably less than ⁇ / 2 ⁇ 10%, with the distance between the centers of the two in the middle now being outward offset radiators 109a, 109b, for example in a range between ⁇ / 2 and ⁇ . But here, too, the distance can be selected to be significantly larger in order to implement different beam shaping widths.
  • FIG. 5a An example of a four-column antenna array with columns 5a, 5b, 5c and 5d is shown with reference to FIG. In this exemplary embodiment, a total of 9 emitters are arranged in each column.
  • radiators 9 which are fed together in the left column 5a are not the central radiator 109b located in the left column 5a, but the one in the left column 5a second column 5b provided in the same contour line 109a are fed together.
  • the dark radiators 9 located in the second column are fed together, but not with the radiator located in the middle.
  • the common supply takes place here with the radiator 109b arranged in the first column 5a.
  • the feed in the third and fourth column 5c, 5d is reversed.
  • the emitters 9 shown brightly in column 5d are not fed together with the emitter 109c arranged in the middle in the same column, but rather with the emitter 109d arranged in the middle in the third column 5c.
  • the radiators shown in the dark in column 5c are then fed together with the radiator unit 109c located in the center of the antenna array in column 5d.
  • radiators on other contour lines can also be fed in interchanged.
  • all of the radiators shown in light in FIG. 14 can also be fed together and, for example, all of the radiators shown in dark can be fed together.
  • the distance between two horizontally adjacent radiators, which are arranged in two different columns is preferably approximately ⁇ / 2.
  • the distance between the horizontally adjacent radiators is ⁇ / 2 ⁇ less than 20% or ⁇ less than 10% deviation therefrom.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un réseau d'antennes bidimensionnel présentant les caractéristiques suivantes : au moins deux fentes (5a, 5b) s'étendant verticalement ; dans chacune des fentes (5a, 5b) s'étendant verticalement se trouvent respectivement un ensemble antenne rayonnante, les ensembles antennes rayonnantes étant alimentés séparément l'un de l'autre ; chaque ensemble antenne rayonnante monté dans chaque fente (5a, 5b) comprend au moins une antenne rayonnante ou un groupe d'antennes rayonnantes (9) ; dans au moins une fente (5a, 5b), au moins une antenne rayonnante supplémentaire ou un groupe d'antennes rayonnantes supplémentaires (109b ou 109a) est ajouté(e) à l'ensemble antenne rayonnante prévue avec un décalage dans le sens vertical ; et l'antenne rayonnante ou les antennes rayonnantes supplémentaires ou bien le groupe ou les groupes d'antennes rayonnantes supplémentaires (109b ou 109a) sont alimentés avec l'ensemble antenne rayonnante disposé dans l'autre fente (5b ou 5a).
PCT/EP2003/013726 2002-12-05 2003-12-04 Reseau d'antennes bidimensionnel WO2004051796A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA2506198A CA2506198C (fr) 2002-12-05 2003-12-04 Reseau d'antennes bidimensionnel
ES03767743.2T ES2590911T3 (es) 2002-12-05 2003-12-04 Batería de antenas bidimensional
AU2003292188A AU2003292188A1 (en) 2002-12-05 2003-12-04 Two-dimensional antenna array
KR1020057005826A KR101060067B1 (ko) 2002-12-05 2003-12-04 이차원 안테나 어레이
EP03767743.2A EP1525642B1 (fr) 2002-12-05 2003-12-04 Reseau d'antennes bidimensionnel

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10256960.6 2002-12-05
DE10256960A DE10256960B3 (de) 2002-12-05 2002-12-05 Zweidimensionales Antennen-Array
DE10332619.7 2003-07-17
DE10332619A DE10332619B4 (de) 2002-12-05 2003-07-17 Zweidimensionales Antennen-Array

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WO2004051796A1 true WO2004051796A1 (fr) 2004-06-17

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KR (1) KR101060067B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003292188A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2506198C (fr)
DE (1) DE10332619B4 (fr)
ES (1) ES2590911T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004051796A1 (fr)

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EP1617507A1 (fr) * 2004-07-12 2006-01-18 Nec Corporation Antenne remplissant des zéros, antenne omnidirectionnelle, et équipement de radio communication
WO2007136333A1 (fr) * 2006-05-22 2007-11-29 Powerwave Technologies Sweden Ab Agencement d'antennes à deux bandes
EP2052469A1 (fr) * 2006-08-18 2009-04-29 Quintel Technology Limited Systeme d'antennes a reception simultanee avec une inclinaison electrique
DE102007060083A1 (de) 2007-12-13 2009-06-18 Kathrein-Werke Kg Mehrspalten-Multiband-Antennen-Array
DE102009058846A1 (de) 2009-12-18 2011-06-22 Kathrein-Werke KG, 83022 Dualpolarisierte Gruppenantenne, insbesondere Mobilfunkantenne
WO2011134519A1 (fr) * 2010-04-29 2011-11-03 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) Antenne réseau plan dotée d'une ouverture des faisceaux réduite
WO2012057674A1 (fr) * 2010-10-28 2012-05-03 Cellmax Technologies Ab Système d'antenne
US8416142B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2013-04-09 Kathrein-Werke Kg Dual-polarized group antenna
WO2013095803A1 (fr) * 2011-12-19 2013-06-27 Raytheon Company Distribution apériodique d'éléments d'ouvertures dans un double réseau de faisceaux
WO2015010760A1 (fr) 2013-07-24 2015-01-29 Kathrein-Werke Kg Réseau d'antennes à large bande
DE102014014434A1 (de) 2014-09-29 2016-03-31 Kathrein-Werke Kg Multiband-Strahlersystem
WO2022063399A1 (fr) 2020-09-23 2022-03-31 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Antenne de communication mobile pour émettre et/ou recevoir des signaux de communication mobile

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US9923283B2 (en) 2013-06-19 2018-03-20 Lg Electronics Inc. Method and apparatus for forming beam in antenna array
EP3669423B1 (fr) 2017-09-12 2022-11-02 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Réseau d'antennes multibandes
KR102656096B1 (ko) * 2019-06-14 2024-04-11 삼성전자주식회사 안테나 모듈을 포함하는 전자 장치
KR102439326B1 (ko) * 2020-12-01 2022-09-01 울산대학교 산학협력단 안테나 배열

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EP1227545A1 (fr) * 1999-10-26 2002-07-31 Fractus, S.A. Groupements multibande d'antennes entrelacees
US6211841B1 (en) * 1999-12-28 2001-04-03 Nortel Networks Limited Multi-band cellular basestation antenna
WO2002005383A1 (fr) * 2000-07-10 2002-01-17 Andrew Corporation Antenne cellulaire
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US8063821B1 (en) 2004-07-12 2011-11-22 Nec Corporation Null-fill antenna, omni antenna, and radio communication equipment
US7800539B2 (en) 2004-07-12 2010-09-21 Nec Corporation Null-fill antenna, omni antenna, and radio communication equipment
EP1617507A1 (fr) * 2004-07-12 2006-01-18 Nec Corporation Antenne remplissant des zéros, antenne omnidirectionnelle, et équipement de radio communication
US7768452B2 (en) 2004-07-12 2010-08-03 Nec Corporation Null-fill antenna, omni antenna, and radio communication equipment
US7605754B2 (en) 2004-07-12 2009-10-20 Nec Corporation Null-fill antenna, omni antenna, and radio communication equipment
US7652623B2 (en) 2004-07-12 2010-01-26 Nec Corporation Null-fill antenna, omni antenna, and radio communication equipment
US7679559B2 (en) 2004-07-12 2010-03-16 Nec Corporation Null-fill antenna, omni antenna, and radio communication equipment
US8269687B2 (en) 2006-05-22 2012-09-18 Powerwave Technologies Sweden Ab Dual band antenna arrangement
WO2007136333A1 (fr) * 2006-05-22 2007-11-29 Powerwave Technologies Sweden Ab Agencement d'antennes à deux bandes
EP2052469A1 (fr) * 2006-08-18 2009-04-29 Quintel Technology Limited Systeme d'antennes a reception simultanee avec une inclinaison electrique
US8269668B2 (en) 2006-08-18 2012-09-18 Quintel Technology Limited Diversity antenna system with electrical tilt
DE102007060083A1 (de) 2007-12-13 2009-06-18 Kathrein-Werke Kg Mehrspalten-Multiband-Antennen-Array
US8416142B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2013-04-09 Kathrein-Werke Kg Dual-polarized group antenna
WO2011072798A2 (fr) 2009-12-18 2011-06-23 Kathrein-Werke Kg Antenne en réseau à double polarisation, notamment antenne de téléphonie mobile
DE102009058846A1 (de) 2009-12-18 2011-06-22 Kathrein-Werke KG, 83022 Dualpolarisierte Gruppenantenne, insbesondere Mobilfunkantenne
WO2011134519A1 (fr) * 2010-04-29 2011-11-03 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) Antenne réseau plan dotée d'une ouverture des faisceaux réduite
JP2013526197A (ja) * 2010-04-29 2013-06-20 テレフオンアクチーボラゲット エル エム エリクソン（パブル） 低減されたビーム幅を有する平面アレイアンテナ
WO2012057674A1 (fr) * 2010-10-28 2012-05-03 Cellmax Technologies Ab Système d'antenne
US9531082B2 (en) 2010-10-28 2016-12-27 Cellmax Technologies Ab Antenna arrangement
WO2013095803A1 (fr) * 2011-12-19 2013-06-27 Raytheon Company Distribution apériodique d'éléments d'ouvertures dans un double réseau de faisceaux
WO2015010760A1 (fr) 2013-07-24 2015-01-29 Kathrein-Werke Kg Réseau d'antennes à large bande
DE102013012305A1 (de) 2013-07-24 2015-01-29 Kathrein-Werke Kg Breitband-Antennenarray
US9991594B2 (en) 2013-07-24 2018-06-05 Kathrein-Werke Kg Wideband antenna array
DE102014014434A1 (de) 2014-09-29 2016-03-31 Kathrein-Werke Kg Multiband-Strahlersystem
WO2022063399A1 (fr) 2020-09-23 2022-03-31 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Antenne de communication mobile pour émettre et/ou recevoir des signaux de communication mobile

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10332619B4 (de) 2005-07-14
CA2506198A1 (fr) 2004-06-17
EP1525642A1 (fr) 2005-04-27
CA2506198C (fr) 2012-08-21
ES2590911T3 (es) 2016-11-24
AU2003292188A1 (en) 2004-06-23
EP1525642B1 (fr) 2016-06-15
KR20050084836A (ko) 2005-08-29
DE10332619A1 (de) 2005-03-10
KR101060067B1 (ko) 2011-08-29

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